CN105806667B - A Portable Precipitation Isotope Sampler - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable precipitation isotope sampler, which comprises a precipitation collecting funnel, a trash net, a ventilation hole, a water inlet, a ventilation hose, a water delivery conduit, a water storage casing, a buoy, a water outlet and a fixed bracket. Its main features are: using three technical measures: a rotating baffle that can be opened and closed by itself, a long and thin ventilation hose, and a ring buoy covering the liquid surface of the water sample to improve the airtightness of the sampler to the water sample and keep the sampler The most authentic isotope characteristics of domestic precipitation samples, providing reliable precipitation isotope data for related research. In addition, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, small size and low cost, and is very suitable for popularization and use in large areas in the wild.

Description

A Portable Precipitation Isotope Sampler

technical field

The invention relates to a field portable precipitation sampler designed for studying atmospheric precipitation isotopes.

Background technique

Isotope hydrology is a subject that applies isotope theory and methods to study hydrological problems. Since it was put forward in the late 1950s, isotope hydrology as an independent subject has been greatly developed, and its research and application fields have also been continuously expanded. Today, the theory of isotope hydrology has been widely used in many fields such as hydrology, water resources, water environment and geology, especially in the research of water vapor source, rainfall-runoff relationship, water resource evaluation in arid and semi-arid areas, groundwater recharge, climate change and water cycle. In the field, the application is particularly common. As the background information and premise basis of the above research fields, the acquisition and accurate reflection of precipitation isotope data become particularly important. Since precipitation samplers are mostly set in the field and the precipitation time is difficult to predict, it is difficult to seal and store water samples in time for monitoring and analysis after each precipitation. Water samples are exposed to the outdoors for a long time, not only prone to water evaporation but also exchange with external water, resulting in distortion of isotope content of precipitation samples, which cannot accurately reflect the original isotope characteristics of precipitation. Therefore, in order to accurately reflect the isotope content of precipitation, it is necessary to finely collect precipitation samples, and the precipitation sampler must solve the problems of water sample evaporation and water isotope exchange with the outside world.

Most of the existing precipitation samplers are connected with the external environment. At most, the evaporation area is reduced to achieve the purpose of reducing part of the water evaporation, but it cannot completely prevent the evaporation, diffusion and exchange with the external water molecules of the collected water samples. Requirements for isotope sampling of precipitation. There are also some motor-driven automatic precipitation samplers, although under the control of sensors and electronic controllers, they can open and close the sealing cover automatically according to whether precipitation occurs, so as to reduce the evaporation, diffusion and exchange with external water molecules of collected water samples. However, this series of devices has complex structure, high cost, large volume and high failure rate, so it is difficult to popularize and use them in the field. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a scientific portable precipitation isotope sampling device.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the defects and deficiencies of existing precipitation sampling devices, the present invention aims to provide a portable precipitation isotope sampler with simple structure, good sealing performance and low cost, which is suitable for popularization and use in the field. The sampler ensures that it is convenient to collect precipitation in the field, and at the same time, it can effectively prevent water sample pollution, evaporation and exchange with external water vapor isotopes, so as to obtain true and reliable precipitation isotope data. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes the following technical solutions to achieve:

A portable precipitation isotope sampler mainly includes a precipitation collecting funnel, a trash net, a ventilation hole, a water inlet, a ventilation hose, a water delivery conduit, a water storage sleeve, a buoy, a water outlet and a fixed bracket. The precipitation collecting funnel is located at the top of the entire sampler. The upper section of the funnel is a circular opening, and the lower end has two concentric connection ports, one large and one small. The outer large port is connected to the water storage casing, and the inner small port is connected to the water inlet. The trash-blocking net is a stainless steel sheet screen installed in the collecting funnel. The upper end of the water inlet is connected with the collecting funnel, and the lower end is connected with the water delivery conduit. The buoy is a plastic ring whose outer diameter is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the water storage casing and whose inner diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the water delivery conduit. It is set on the water delivery conduit and can move up and down along the water delivery conduit. The upper end of the water storage casing is connected to the lower end of the collecting funnel, and the lower end is connected to the water outlet, so as to protect internal components and store water. The ventilation hose is a silicone hose with a large length and a small inner diameter, one end of which is connected to the ventilation hole, and is wound and fixed in a spiral manner with the water storage casing as the central axis. The sampler can be set on the fixed bracket, and the bottom of the fixed bracket is made of steel nails, which is convenient for the sampler to be installed in the field.

The present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:

The present invention adopts three technical measures to meet the requirements of precipitation isotope sampling, which are respectively a rotating baffle, a ventilation hose and a buoy. When precipitation flows into the water inlet, the rotating baffle is affected by the lateral water pressure to open the water inlet. When the precipitation ends, the baffle is affected by gravity and the suction of the internal magnetic block to close the water inlet, thereby controlling the air flow in the sampler and inhibiting Collect water samples for evaporation and diffusion. The ventilation hose adopts a silicone hose with a length of 2m and an inner diameter of 3mm. It not only balances the internal and external air pressure of the sampler, so that the precipitation can flow into the sampler smoothly, but also reduces the water vapor inside and outside the sampler due to its long length and small inner diameter. The concentration gradient inhibits the diffusion and exchange of water vapor inside and outside. The ring buoy is installed inside the water storage pipe and floats freely with the liquid surface of the water sample, which not only reduces the contact area and evaporation area between the water sample and the air, but also inhibits the re-evaporation and re-diffusion of the water sample inside the sampler, and can also be used as a The water volume pointer on the rain scale on the wall of the water storage pipe is convenient for reading the rainfall. The lower end of the present invention adopts a knob-type water outlet design, which facilitates the transfer of water samples to the sealed bottle and brings them back to the laboratory for measurement and analysis.

In addition, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, good sealing performance, small size and low cost, and is very suitable for large-area use in the field.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 (a) is a structural representation of the present invention; Fig. 1 (b) is a longitudinal sectional view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 (a) is the structural representation of collecting funnel and ventilation pipe of the present invention; Fig. 2 (b) is the longitudinal sectional view of collecting funnel and ventilation pipe of the present invention;

Fig. 3 (a) is the structural representation of water inlet of the present invention; Fig. 3 (b) is the longitudinal sectional view of water inlet of the present invention;

Fig. 4 (a) is the structural representation of the water outlet of the present invention; Fig. 4 (b) is the longitudinal sectional view of the water outlet of the present invention; Fig. 4 (c) is the structural representation of the water outlet knob switch of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the installation schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention installed in the field;

The marks in the figure respectively indicate: 1 is the precipitation collection funnel, 2 is the trash net, 3 is the vent hole, 4 is the water inlet, 5 is the ventilation hose, 6 is the water delivery conduit, 7 is the water storage casing, and 8 is the buoy , 9 is a water outlet, 10 is a knob switch, 11 is a water inlet baffle, and 12 is a fixed bracket.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Fig. 1, described water delivery conduit (6) is the plexiglass tube of 20mm inner diameter, long 680mm, and its upper end is socketed with water inlet (4). The buoy (8) is a plastic ring with an outer ring diameter of 48 mm, an inner ring diameter of 24 mm, and a thickness of 15 mm. On the water delivery conduit (6), it floats on the liquid surface of the water sample, and floats up and down with the level of the liquid sample water. The water storage sleeve (7) is an organic glass tube with an inner diameter of 50mm and a length of 700mm, the upper end of which is socketed with the collecting funnel (1), the lower end is socketed with the water outlet (9), and the pipe wall is marked with a precipitation scale. Precipitation can be read directly.

As shown in Figure 2, the described precipitation collection funnel (1) is made of high-density polyethylene material and is positioned at the top of the sampler. Cuts raindrops for precise rainfall collection. There is a horizontally protruding cylindrical air hole (3) in the middle of the funnel, which is used to balance the air pressure inside and outside the sampler. The lower end of the funnel has two concentric circle connections, one large and one small, the outer large opening is used to connect the water storage casing (7), and the inner small opening is used to connect the water inlet (4). The trash-stop (2) is a sheet screen made of stainless steel wire with a pore size of 2mm*2mm, which is placed in the precipitation collection funnel (1) to prevent leaves and other debris from falling into the sampler to affect precipitation collection. The ventilation hose (5) is a silicone hose with a length of 2m and an inner diameter of 3mm, one end of which is connected to the ventilation hole (3), and is wound and fixed in a spiral manner with the water storage sleeve (7) as the central axis.

As shown in Figure 3, the water inlet (4) is made of high-density polyethylene, the upper end is connected to the collecting funnel (1), the lower end is connected to the water delivery conduit (6), and the lower part of the water inlet (4) has a horizontal axis Rotating baffle (11), built-in permanent magnet block at the lower end of the baffle, and built-in iron block at the lower end of the water inlet (4), when the precipitation flows into the water inlet (4), the baffle (11) is affected by the lateral water pressure , unscrew the water inlet (4) along the horizontal axis, and when the water inlet (4) was anhydrous, the baffle plate (11) was affected by gravity and the suction force of the lower end magnetic block, and turned down the water inlet (4) along the horizontal axis.

As shown in Figure 4, the water outlet (9) is made of high-density polyethylene, and a rotary switch (10) is installed inside, and the purpose of opening and closing the water outlet (9) can be achieved by rotating the rotary switch (10).

As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, after the above-mentioned components are strictly cleaned and dried, they are connected and installed on the fixed bracket (12) with a height of 1.3m in sequence, so as to prevent the surrounding ground water from splashing into the sampler during precipitation, causing Water sample contamination. When there is precipitation, the rainwater will pass through the trash screen (2), be gathered by the collection funnel (1), and flow to the water inlet (4). The baffle (11) is affected by the lateral water pressure and moves along the horizontal axis Upswing opens the water inlet (4), and the baffle plate (11) can automatically control the water inlet (4) opening size according to the intensity of the rain. Precipitation finishes, and baffle plate (11) falls automatically by gravity and magnetic attraction effect, closes water inlet (4). The worker can rotate the knob switch (10) of the water outlet (9) to achieve the purpose of opening and closing the water outlet (9) when collecting the water sample, seal and store the water sample with a matching bottle, and move it to the laboratory for measurement and analysis. The precipitation scale is marked on the pipe wall of the water storage casing (7), and the precipitation can be directly read according to the position of the buoy (8).

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a portable precipitation isotope sampler, includes precipitation collection funnel (1), blocks dirty net (2), air vent (3), water inlet (4), ventilation hose (5), water delivery pipe (6), water storage sleeve pipe (7), buoy (8), delivery port (9) and fixed bolster (12), its characterized in that: the precipitation collection funnel (1) is positioned at the uppermost part of the whole sampler, the lower end of the precipitation collection funnel is provided with a large concentric circle connecting port and a small concentric circle connecting port, the large outer port is connected with the water storage sleeve (7), and the small inner port is connected with the water inlet (4); the dirt blocking net (2) is a stainless steel sheet screen and is arranged in the collecting hopper; the upper end of the water inlet (4) is connected with the collecting funnel (1), and the lower end is connected with the water delivery conduit (6); the buoy (8) is a plastic ring and is sleeved on the water delivery conduit and can move up and down along the water delivery conduit; the wall of the water storage sleeve (7) is marked with precipitation scales, the upper end of the water storage sleeve is connected with the lower end of the collection funnel (1) through a port, and the lower end of the water storage sleeve is connected with the water outlet (9); one end of the ventilation hose (5) is connected with the ventilation hole (3) and spirally wound and fixed by taking the water storage sleeve (7) as a central shaft; the sampler can be sleeved on the fixed bracket (12), and the bottom of the fixed bracket (12) is of a steel nail structure, so that the sampler is convenient to install in the field;

the lower part of the water inlet (4) is provided with a baffle (11) rotating along a horizontal axis, a permanent magnet block is arranged at the lower end of the baffle (11), an iron block is arranged at the pipe wall of the lower end of the water inlet (4), when precipitation is gathered into the water inlet (4), the baffle (11) is influenced by lateral water pressure, the water inlet (4) is opened by rotating upwards along the horizontal axis, when the water inlet (4) is anhydrous, the baffle (11) is influenced by gravity and the suction of the magnet block, and the water inlet (4) is closed by rotating downwards along the horizontal axis;

the air hose (5) is a silica gel hose with large length and small inner diameter, one end of the air hose is connected with the air vent (3), and the air hose is spirally wound and fixed by taking the water storage sleeve (7) as a central shaft.

2. A portable precipitation isotope sampler as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper section of the precipitation collection funnel (1) is a circular opening with the diameter of 100mm, and the wall of the funnel opening is in a blade shape, so that the rain drops can be cut easily.

3. A portable precipitation isotope sampler as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a knob switch (10) is arranged in the water outlet (9), and the water outlet (9) can be opened and closed by rotating the knob switch (10).

4. A portable precipitation isotope sampler as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the buoy (8) is a plastic ring with the outer ring diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the water storage sleeve (7), the inner ring diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the water delivery conduit (6), the plastic ring is sleeved on the water delivery conduit, floats on the liquid level of the water sample and floats up and down along with the height of the liquid level of the water sample, and can be matched with precipitation scales marked on the wall of the water storage sleeve (7) to directly read precipitation.