A kind of 1,2 2 fluoro-1,2 dichloroethylene synthesis techniques
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical field, be specifically related to a kind of 1,2 two fluoro-1,2 dichloroethylene synthesis techniques.
Background technology
1,2 two fluoro-1,2 dichloroethylene are the chemical intermediates with essential industry meaning, are to prepare perfluoroalkyl (oxygen)
Vinyl ethers, such as the necessary intermediate of perfluoro methyl vinyl ether (being called for short PMVE).PMVE is to produce perfluoroether and low temperature resistant fluorine
Rubber and the important intermediate of modified fluoroplastics, be also synthesis fluoro-containing pesticide and the important source material of fluorine-containing medicines intermediate, city
Field has a extensive future.
Usual 1,2 two fluoro-1,2 dichloroethylene are by 1,2-difluoro sym-tetrachloroethane (be called for short F112) under zinc powder is catalyzed, in
In polar solvent, dechlorination reaction prepares.But traditional F112 exists such as next during producing 1,2 2 fluoro-1,2 dichloroethylene
A little problems: 1) traditional handicraft is zinc powder and ethanol disposably puts in reactor, then about 50 DEG C drip F112 and react.But
Be activation zinc powder together with a large amount of ethanol in the presence of easily lump, make stirring the most difficult, simultaneously bed material also be difficult to process.2)
The zinc powder of activation is relatively more active, and water reaction can produce hydrogen and amount of heat, so can produce the biggest when mixing with ethanol
Unsafe factor, easily causes ethanol combustion accident.For problem above, invent one more safe and environment-friendly, efficient
Process route.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of 1,2 two fluoro-1,2 dichloroethylene and closes
Become technique.
Technical scheme: a kind of 1,2 two fluoro-1,2 dichloroethylene synthesis techniques, comprises the steps:
The first step, dechlorination reaction: using difluoro sym-tetrachloroethane (R112) is that raw material and zinc powder are carried out under conditions of ethanol exists
Dechlorination reaction generates dichlorodifluoroethylene, and the zinc powder of described 10% is activated by diluted acid, and the mesh number of zinc powder is 50-500 mesh,
Reaction equation is as follows:
;
Second step: distillation operation: the first step is distillated product: 1.2 2 fluoro-1.2 dichloroethylene, ethanol and impurity 1.1 2 are fluoro-
2.2 dichloroethylene slowly drip Sodium ethylate at a temperature of 10 DEG C-60 DEG C and carry out reactive distillation operation, impurity 1.1 2 fluoro-2.2
Dichloroethylene generates ethoxy fluorine ether with ethanol synthesis in the presence of Sodium ethylate, then carries out distillation operation, by impurity ethoxy fluorine ether
Remove, receive out finished product 1,2 two fluoro-1,2 dichloroethylene;Its reaction equation is as follows:
。
As optimization: in the described first step, dechlorination reaction, use batch technology, difluoro sym-tetrachloroethane is added after metering
Enter in reactor, open stirring, add zinc powder, be warmed up to 20 DEG C-70 DEG C, be slowly added dropwise to ethanol and react, control well back
Flow ratio, qualified after go out fraction to fraction groove, be progressively warmed up to about 90-120 DEG C to substantially without fraction.
As optimization: in the described first step, dechlorination reaction, the course of reaction time is 6-24 hour.
As optimization: in the described first step, dechlorination reaction, add zinc powder in 1:1-2mol ratio.
As optimization: in the described first step, dechlorination reaction, the ratio adding ethanol slowly dripped is 1:2-6mol.
As optimization: in the described first step, dechlorination reaction, zinc powder particle diameter is 50-800 mesh, preferably 200-500 mesh.
As optimization: in the described first step, dechlorination reaction, zinc powder needs, through diluted acid activation processing, to activate ratio
1-50% for zinc powder gross mass.
As optimization: in described second step, distillation operation, catalyst is alkaline metal organic salt, alkali metal alcoholates, such as first
Sodium alkoxide, Sodium ethylate.
As optimization: in described second step, distillation operation, reactant alcohol is methanol or ethanol.
Beneficial effect: the present invention uses batch technology, will distillate product and add in reactor through measuring, open stirring, slowly
Dropping sodium alkoxide, carries out reactive distillation operation, and fractional distillation obtains product.Finished product purity >=99.5%, yield >=95%.The present invention uses second
The feeding mode of ethanol is dripped, dangerous when decreasing during zinc powder is directly added into ethanol in traditional handicraft after alcohol and F112 mixing
Factor, does not has potential safety hazard;And zinc powder is not easy caking, it is to avoid in course of reaction, zinc powder lumps the risk of stuck stirring, and
Reaction terminates rear bed material and fails to lay down difficulty.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Specific embodiment 1
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of 1,2 two fluoro-1,2 dichloroethylene synthesis techniques, comprise the steps:
The first step, dechlorination reaction: using difluoro sym-tetrachloroethane (R112) is that raw material and zinc powder are carried out under conditions of ethanol exists
Dechlorination reaction generates dichlorodifluoroethylene, and the zinc powder of described 10% is activated by diluted acid, and the mesh number of zinc powder is 50 mesh, reaction
Equation is as follows:
;
In the described first step, dechlorination reaction, use batch technology, 204g difluoro sym-tetrachloroethane is joined reactor after metering
In, to open stirring, add zinc powder in 1:1mol ratio, be warmed up to 20 DEG C, be slowly added dropwise to ethanol and react, the ratio of ethanol is
1:2mol, controls reflux ratio well, qualified after go out fraction to fraction groove, be progressively warmed up to about 90 DEG C to substantially without fraction.Instead
Answering process time is 6 hours.
Second step: distillation operation: the first step is distillated product: 1.2 2 fluoro-1.2 dichloroethylene, ethanol and impurity 1.1 2
Fluoro-2.2 dichloroethylene slowly drip Sodium ethylate at a temperature of 10 DEG C and carry out reactive distillation operation, impurity 1.1 2 fluoro-2.2 2
Vinyl chloride generates ethoxy fluorine ether with ethanol synthesis in the presence of Sodium ethylate, then carries out distillation operation, is removed by impurity ethoxy fluorine ether
Go, receive out finished product 1,2 two fluoro-1,2 dichloroethylene;Its reaction equation is as follows:
。
In described second step, distillation operation, catalyst is alkaline metal organic salt, the pure salt of alkali metal, Feldalat NM.
Specific embodiment 2
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of 1,2 two fluoro-1,2 dichloroethylene synthesis techniques, comprise the steps:
The first step, dechlorination reaction: using difluoro sym-tetrachloroethane (R112) is that raw material and zinc powder are carried out under conditions of ethanol exists
Dechlorination reaction generates dichlorodifluoroethylene, and the zinc powder of described 10% is activated by diluted acid, and the mesh number of zinc powder is 100 mesh, reaction
Equation is as follows:
;
In the described first step, dechlorination reaction, use batch technology, difluoro sym-tetrachloroethane joined in reactor after metering,
Open stirring, add zinc powder in 1:2mol ratio, be warmed up to 20 DEG C-70 DEG C, be slowly added dropwise to ethanol and react, the ratio of ethanol
For 1:6mol, control reflux ratio well, qualified after go out fraction to fraction groove, be progressively warmed up to about 120 DEG C to substantially without fraction.
The course of reaction time is 24 hours.
Second step: distillation operation: the first step is distillated product: 1.2 2 fluoro-1.2 dichloroethylene, ethanol and impurity 1.1 2
Fluoro-2.2 dichloroethylene slowly drip Sodium ethylate at a temperature of 60 DEG C and carry out reactive distillation operation, impurity 1.1 2 fluoro-2.2 2
Vinyl chloride generates ethoxy fluorine ether with ethanol synthesis in the presence of Sodium ethylate, then carries out distillation operation, is removed by impurity ethoxy fluorine ether
Go, receive out finished product 1,2 two fluoro-1,2 dichloroethylene;Its reaction equation is as follows:
。
In described second step, distillation operation, catalyst is alkaline metal organic salt, the pure salt of alkali metal, Feldalat NM.
Specific embodiment 3
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of 1,2 two fluoro-1,2 dichloroethylene synthesis techniques, comprise the steps:
The first step, dechlorination reaction: using difluoro sym-tetrachloroethane (R112) is that raw material and zinc powder are carried out under conditions of ethanol exists
Dechlorination reaction generates dichlorodifluoroethylene, and the zinc powder of described 10% is activated by diluted acid, and the mesh number of zinc powder is 80 mesh, reaction
Equation is as follows:
;
In the described first step, dechlorination reaction, use batch technology, difluoro sym-tetrachloroethane joined in reactor after metering,
Open stirring, add zinc powder in 1:1.5mol ratio, be warmed up to 20 DEG C-70 DEG C, be slowly added dropwise to ethanol and react, the ratio of ethanol
Example is 1:3mol, controls reflux ratio well, qualified after go out fraction to fraction groove, be progressively warmed up to about 110 DEG C to substantially without fraction being
Only.The course of reaction time is 18 hours.
Second step: distillation operation: the first step is distillated product: 1.2 2 fluoro-1.2 dichloroethylene, ethanol and impurity 1.1 2
Fluoro-2.2 dichloroethylene slowly drip Sodium ethylate at a temperature of 40 DEG C and carry out reactive distillation operation, impurity 1.1 2 fluoro-2.2 2
Vinyl chloride generates ethoxy fluorine ether with ethanol synthesis in the presence of Sodium ethylate, then carries out distillation operation, is removed by impurity ethoxy fluorine ether
Go, receive out finished product 1,2 two fluoro-1,2 dichloroethylene;Its reaction equation is as follows:
。
In described second step, distillation operation, catalyst is alkaline metal organic salt, the pure salt of alkali metal, Feldalat NM.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned preferred forms, and anyone can show that under the enlightenment of the present invention other are various
The product of form, no matter but in its shape or structure, make any change, every have same as the present application or akin skill
Art scheme, within all falling within protection scope of the present invention.