CN105801012A - Slurry material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a slurry, which comprises an adhesive and powder. The adhesive comprises carboxymethyl cellulose, glycerol and water, wherein the content of the carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.5 to 10 weight percent, and the content of the glycerol is 10 to 70 weight percent based on the total weight of the adhesive. The powder comprises metal powder, alloy powder, ceramic powder or a mixture thereof. Based on the total weight of the slurry, the content of the adhesive is more than 0 and less than or equal to 50 weight percent, and the content of the powder is more than or equal to 50 and less than 100 weight percent. Therefore, the paste is suitable for a three-dimensional printing process, and achieves good printing quality, printing precision and production efficiency.

Description

slurry

technical field

The invention relates to a slurry, in particular to a slurry that can be used for three-dimensional printing.

Background technique

With the rapid development of science and technology, the traditional flat copy technology can no longer meet the needs of use. In view of this, many manufacturers are actively investing in the development and research of three-dimensional printing (or called three-dimensional printing, 3Dprinting) technology.

Common 3D printing technologies include Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM for short), which is cheap to manufacture and simple in device structure. The current production process of melt extrusion molding is to heat the filament such as general resin, nylon resin or plastic resin above the melting point to form a molten liquid material, and then extrude the liquid material onto the molding table . The liquid material extruded to the forming table is quickly dried and solidified to create the desired shape layer by layer.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a slurry, which can be applied to melt extrusion molding.

The slurry of the present invention includes a binder and a powder, wherein based on the total weight of the slurry, the content of the binder is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 50% by weight, and the content of the powder is greater than or equal to 50% by weight and less than 100% by weight . The binder includes carboxymethyl cellulose, glycerin and the rest of water, wherein based on the total weight of the binder, the content of carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.5% by weight to 10% by weight, and the content of glycerin is 10% by weight to 70% by weight. weight%. Powders include metal powders, alloy powders, ceramic powders or mixtures thereof.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the viscosity of the slurry is 100 cps to 100000 cps.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the binder further includes oil or starch, wherein based on the total weight of the binder, the content of oil is 0.1% by weight to 20% by weight, and the content of starch is 0.1% by weight to 20% by weight. weight%.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the powder is 10 nm to 45 μm.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the material of the metal powder includes copper, silver, gold, titanium, aluminum or iron.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the material of the alloy powder includes aluminum (magnesium-silicon) alloy, titanium (aluminum-vanadium) alloy, silver-copper alloy, and gold alloy.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the material of the ceramic powder includes zirconia, alumina, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, silicon nitride or silicon carbide.

Based on the above, since the slurry proposed in the present invention contains a specific binder and powder and has a specific ratio between the binder and the powder, the slurry has good fluidity, formability and after drying and sintering. Volume change rate. In this way, the slurry proposed by the present invention can be applied to the three-dimensional printing process, and achieve good printing quality, printing accuracy and production efficiency.

In order to make the above-mentioned features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, specific embodiments are described below in detail.

detailed description

Herein, a range indicated by "one value to another value" is a general representation to avoid enumerating all values in the range in the specification. Therefore, the description of a specific numerical range covers any numerical value in the numerical range and the smaller numerical range bounded by any numerical value in the numerical range, as if the arbitrary numerical value and the smaller numerical value are expressly written in the specification. same range.

One embodiment of the present invention provides a slurry including a binder and a powder. The above two components will be described in detail below.

In this embodiment, the binder includes carboxymethyl cellulose, glycerin and water. As used herein, "carboxymethylcellulose" is defined to include carboxymethylcellulose and its salts, such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose.

Based on the total weight of the binder, the content of carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.5% to 10% by weight, preferably 1% to 5% by weight. If the content of carboxymethyl cellulose is lower than 0.5% by weight, the binder is too dilute, causing the powder to be unable to be uniformly dispersed in the binder, making it unfavorable for stacking when applied to three-dimensional printing; if the content of carboxymethyl cellulose is high If it is less than 10% by weight, the concentration of the slurry will be greatly increased, which is not conducive to the transportation of the slurry. In addition, based on the total weight of the binder, the content of glycerin is 10% to 70% by weight, preferably 20% to 50% by weight. If the content of glycerin is less than 10% by weight, the appearance of the finished product printed in 3D will be easily cracked during drying; The strength of the finished product decreases after sintering. The remainder of the binder is water. Water is, for example, deionized water.

In addition, the binder may contain additives as needed within the range not impairing the effect of the slurry of the present invention. The additives can be used alone or in combination, and the additives include but not limited to oils or starches. Oils help to improve the fluidity of the slurry of the present invention, making it less prone to cracks during molding, and it can include mineral oil, wax, and silicone oil. From the standpoint of fluidity, the content of the oil is preferably 0.1% by weight to 20% by weight, more preferably 15% by weight to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the binder. In addition, starch helps to improve the viscosity of the slurry of the present invention and the adhesion to the substrate, and from the viewpoint of adhesion, based on the total weight of the binder, the content of starch is preferably 0.1% by weight to 20% by weight. %, more preferably 0.5% to 5% by weight.

In this embodiment, the powder includes metal powder, alloy powder, ceramic powder or a mixture thereof. The particle size of the powder is 10 nm to 50 μm, preferably 20 nm to 20 μm. The material of the metal powder includes copper, silver, gold, titanium, aluminum or iron. Alloy powder materials include copper-zinc alloy, copper-tin alloy, alloy steel, carbon steel, aluminum (magnesium-silicon) alloy, titanium (aluminum-vanadium) alloy, silver-copper alloy, gold alloy, wherein titanium (aluminum-vanadium) alloy is, for example, Ti-6Al-4V, silver-copper alloy is, for example, 925 sterling silver, and gold alloy is, for example, K gold including gold-silver-copper (zinc) alloy, gold-silver-nickel (copper-zinc) alloy, and gold-silver-palladium (zinc-copper). Materials for ceramic powder include zirconia, alumina, silica, titania, silicon nitride or silicon carbide.

In this embodiment, based on the total weight of the slurry, the content of the binder is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 50% by weight, and the content of the powder is greater than or equal to 50% by weight and less than 100% by weight. Specifically, if the content of the binder is higher than 50% by weight and the content of the powder is lower than 50% by weight, the volume of the slurry will shrink severely after drying, resulting in a large volume change rate.

In addition, in this embodiment, the viscosity of the slurry is 100 cps to 100000 cps, preferably 500 cps to 5000 cps.

It is worth noting that the aforementioned slurry can be applied to three-dimensional printing processes of melt extrusion molding or similar technologies. That is to say, the slurry is extruded and dried by a three-dimensional printing device, and then sintered to obtain a three-dimensional molded object stacked layer by layer. Further, as mentioned above, since the slurry includes a binder with a content of greater than 0 and less than or equal to 50% by weight and a powder with a content of greater than or equal to 50% by weight and less than 100% by weight, and the viscosity of the slurry is 100cps to 100000cps, the slurry has good fluidity, formability and volume change rate, so that when performing 3D printing, the slurry can not only be extruded from the extrusion head under appropriate pressure to avoid blockage of the extrusion head, but also After the steps of drying and sintering, serious volume shrinkage can be avoided, and a molded product with a smooth surface and a size conforming to the specification can be obtained. In this way, by using the slurry of the present invention for three-dimensional printing, good printing quality, printing accuracy and production efficiency can be achieved.

In the following, the procedure of three-dimensional printing using the slurry of the present invention will be described by taking melt extrusion molding as an example.

First, the slurry of the present invention is prepared. As mentioned above, mix the appropriate proportion of binder and powder evenly. The mixing method is, for example, stirring by physical methods such as a blender, a stirrer, a mortar, and a pestle. Next, put the prepared slurry into the holding tank of a three-dimensional printer such as Deltabox, Prusai3, etc., and press the slurry at an appropriate pressure (about 10 psi to 100 psi) and temperature (about 20°C to 90°C) from The spray head is extruded onto the forming table, and then the slurry on the forming table is quickly dried by the drying equipment arranged next to the spray head, so that the slurry is solidified. Drying equipment, for example, uses high-temperature gas (about 150° C.) for drying. Then, by using the 3D printer to repeat the aforementioned steps, the 3D molded object to be formed can be stacked layer by layer. Afterwards, at a temperature of 100° C. to 300° C., the three-dimensional molded object is dried for the second time, and then sintered in a high-temperature furnace. Secondary drying is carried out, for example, by using an oven, vacuum or drying equipment with a protective atmosphere. The sintering temperature depends on the powder, and usually 60% to 95% of the melting point of the powder is used as the sintering temperature.

In addition, in the aforementioned procedure, although the slurry before extrusion or the extrusion head is not heated, the application of the slurry of the present invention is not limited thereto. According to needs, the slurry or the extrusion head before extrusion can also be heated to reduce the viscosity of the slurry and improve its fluidity, so that the extrusion pressure can be reduced and better printing quality can be achieved. The heating method is, for example, heating by a heating block fixedly connected to the extrusion head, and the temperature is, for example, 40°C to 95°C.

In addition, in the aforementioned procedures, the slurry before being put into the three-dimensional printer is not heated, but the application of the slurry of the present invention is not limited thereto. According to needs, the slurry before being put into the 3D printer can also be preheated, so as to reduce the viscosity of the slurry and improve the stability of the slurry during transportation, and thus obtain better printing quality and a wider range of applications. Raw material selection conditions. The pre-heating method is, for example, using an oven, vacuum or drying equipment with a protective atmosphere for heating, and the temperature is, for example, 30°C to 70°C.

Hereinafter, an embodiment will be further proposed to describe the features of the present invention more specifically. Although the following examples are described, the materials used, their amounts and ratios, processing details, processing flow, and the like can be appropriately changed without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention should not be limitedly interpreted by the Examples described below.

First, the zirconia powder and the binder (carboxymethyl cellulose is 2% by weight, glycerin is 20% by weight, and the rest is water) are placed in a mechanical mixer at a ratio of 90:10 by weight. , forming a slurry with a viscosity of about 3000cps. Subsequently, this slurry is placed in a three-dimensional printer, and the slurry is extruded from the nozzle to the forming table at 25 ° C and 20 psi, and then the slurry on the forming table is dried by the drying equipment next to the nozzle Fast drying for build-up manufacturing. Next, the aforementioned steps are repeated by using a three-dimensional printer to stack the three-dimensional molded objects to be formed layer by layer. Afterwards, after drying the three-dimensional molding at a temperature of 150°C, it enters a sintering furnace for sintering at 1400°C to obtain a high-strength ceramic three-dimensional molding with a density of more than 97% and a bending strength of up to 450MPa, hardness up to 15GPa.

To sum up, the slurry proposed in the above embodiment contains a specific binder and powder and has a specific ratio between the binder and the powder, so that the slurry not only has a viscosity of 100cps to 100000cps but also has a good Fluidity and formability, also has a good volume change rate after drying and sintering. In this way, the slurry proposed in the above embodiments can be applied to the three-dimensional printing process of melt extrusion molding or similar technology, and can achieve good printing quality, printing accuracy and production efficiency.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention. scope.

Claims (7)

1. a slurry, it is characterised in that including:

Adhesive, including:

Carboxymethyl cellulose, wherein with the gross weight gauge of described adhesive, the content of described carboxymethyl cellulose is 0.5 weight % to 10 weight %；

Glycerol, wherein with the gross weight gauge of described adhesive, the content of described glycerol is 10 weight % to 70 weight %；And

Water；And

Powder body, including metal-powder, alloy powder, ceramic powder or its mixture, wherein

With the gross weight gauge of described slurry, the content of described adhesive is more than 0 and less than or equal to 50 weight %, and the content of described powder body is be more than or equal to 50 weight % and less than 100 weight %.

2. slurry according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the viscosity of described slurry is 100cps to 100000cps.

3. slurry according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described adhesive also includes oils or starch, wherein with the gross weight gauge of described adhesive, the content of described oils is 0.1 weight % to 20 weight %, and the content of described starch is 0.1 weight % to 20 weight %.

4. slurry according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the particle diameter of described powder body is 10nm to 45 μm.

5. slurry according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the material of described metal-powder includes copper, silver, gold, titanium, aluminum or ferrum.

6. slurry according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the material of described alloy powder includes ormolu, signal bronze, steel alloy, carbon steel, aluminum (magnesium silicon) alloy, titanium (aluminum vanadium) alloy, yellow gold, billon.

7. slurry according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the material of described ceramic powder includes zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, silicon nitride or carborundum.