CN105794354B - A kind of sweet photo seed float seedling method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for floating seedling raising of sweet potato seeds, which belongs to the technical field of seedling raising of sweet potato seeds. The specific steps are as follows: 1) establishing a floating seedling raising pond and filling it with water; 2) selecting a 200-hole foam floating tray and filling the tray with 60% of the seedling medium; 3) Select 98% concentrated sulfuric acid and germinated sweet potato seeds that have been treated with warm soup and medicament soaking for sowing, covering with soil, smoothing, and putting them into the seedling pond for cultivation; 4) The cultivation period is about 15 5) 3-5 days after the seedlings are ready, apply the seedling fertilizer for the first time, the application rate is 15g/pan, keep the nitrogen concentration at 300mg/L, and topdress once every 7 days; 6) 30 days after sowing After ‑40 days, the seedlings have reached the standard of strong seedlings, and can be transplanted with soil. The present invention adopts the floating seedling raising technology to promote fast and neat emergence of seeds, the emergence rate can reach 100%, and the seedlings can be assembled in 3-4 days, and the seedlings can be maintained to grow consistently, with strong seedlings, well-developed root systems, and root-to-shoot ratio The height and plant height are suitable, and the whole process saves time and effort.

Description

A kind of method for raising sweet potato seedlings by floating

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of seedling raising of sweet potato seeds, and in particular relates to a method for raising seedlings of sweet potato seeds by floating.

Background technique

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.), also known as sweet potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, etc., is a dicotyledonous plant, a vine plant of the genus Ipornoea in the family Convolvulaceae, an annual or perennial plant that likes mild and short sunshine. Sweet potato is an important food, feed, energy and processing crop in China after rice, wheat and corn due to its advantages of high yield, wide range of uses and strong adaptability.

Sweet potatoes can flower and set in tropical places, but usually cannot flower and set in temperate regions. For example, in the central and northern regions of my country, most sweet potato varieties cannot bloom under natural conditions. Even in the southern provinces of my country, not all varieties can bloom. According to the Sweet Potato Research Office of the Yantai Regional Agricultural Science Research Institute, the optimum temperature for sweet potato flowering, pollen germination, fruiting and seed maturity is 26 °C. Therefore, for traditional sweet potato breeders in most areas, ensuring high germination rate and high seedling rate of sweet potato seeds is the basis for breeding high-yield and high-quality sweet potato varieties. Therefore it is necessary to develop a seedling raising technique that improves the germination rate and seedling rate of sweet potato seeds.

"Guangdong Agricultural Science" published the "Germination Test of Sweet Potato Seeds Treated with Concentrated Sulfuric Acid" in the 5th issue of 2003, showing that soaking sweet potato seeds with concentrated sulfuric acid for 20-40 minutes can make the germination rate reach more than 96%, saving time and labor compared with traditional methods. Publication number is that CN103250547A discloses the method for transplanting seedlings of potato seedlings in sunlight greenhouse in winter, and publication number is that CN202310796U discloses the seedling raising device that is used for potato seedling cultivation, and publication number is that CN103039245A discloses a kind of method for planting seedlings of potato seedlings, Publication No. CN103828699A discloses an improved method for floating seedlings of tobacco seedlings. Publication No. CN101627728 discloses a method for cultivating disease-free and non-toxic test-tube seedlings using sweet potato seeds. Publication No. CN101897294A discloses two generations of sweet potato seedlings a year. Selection method. At present, the common method of growing sweet potato seed seedlings is: set up a seedbed with peat soil, vermiculite powder or seedling substrate in the greenhouse or in the open air, and sow seeds on the seedbed, pour appropriate amount of water, and then build a small shed on the seedbed. This method is more labor-intensive, time-consuming, and the seedling growth is uneven, the seedling is weak, and the survival rate of transplanting is not high. "Southern Agricultural Journal" 2011 No. 4 issue discloses the floating seedling raising technology of sweet potato vines, but there is no report about the floating seedling raising technology of sweet potato seedlings.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a method for floating seedling cultivation of sweet potato seeds, which can increase the seedling rate, have good seedling emergence uniformity, and the floating seedling cultivation is more economical and environmentally friendly, and can control diseases, insect pests and weeds to the greatest extent The seedlings cultivated by the method of the invention have thick stems, well-developed root systems, large leaf area, large root-to-shoot ratio, suitable plant height, and can increase the survival rate of transplanting.

To achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A method for floating seedling raising of sweet potato seeds, the specific steps are:

1) Build a nursery pool: build a pool with small red bricks, spread a layer of plastic film on the bottom of the pool, and set a shed welded with a steel frame on the movable cover above the pool. Both ends are provided with thick plastic films that can be opened freely. After the seedling pond is built, tap water is poured into the pond, and the water level does not overflow the pond;

2) Preparation of floating seedling trays: select 200-hole polystyrene foam trays and matching seeders;

3) Seedling-raising substrate: biogas residues are dried in the sun, crushed, passed through a 20-mesh sieve, and set aside; the fertile garden soil is removed from debris, dried, crushed, passed through a 20-mesh sieve, and set aside; biogas residues, vermiculite, garden Soil and plant ash are mixed to make a seedling substrate, add water and mix it wet before use, the moisture content of the substrate is 60%, that is, knead it into a ball by hand, and put it down to form a loose state;

4) Pre-sowing treatment of seeds: Soak the seeds of sweet potato with 98% concentrated sulfuric acid for 30 minutes, and keep stirring, so that the seeds are fully exposed to concentrated sulfuric acid, pour out the concentrated sulfuric acid and rinse the seeds with tap water for more than 3 times to ensure that there is no concentrated sulfuric acid After 10-15 minutes, when the temperature drops to 30°C, stop stirring and turn the seeds into 25% carbendazim wettable In 250 times of powder solution, continue to soak for 5-10 minutes, take out the seeds and wash them with distilled water, transfer them to a petri dish, add distilled water, the distilled water should just submerge the seeds, cover the lid of the petri dish, and put it in 2 light for cultivation Illumination culture in the box;

5) Seed sowing: Fill the seedling raising substrate in the floating seedling raising tray, and then use the supporting seeder to press out 1.5cm deep holes on the seedling raising tray, complete the drilling work of the whole tray at one time, and then use tweezers to germinate the seedlings. The seeds are clamped into the hole, with the roots facing down, and a layer of seedling substrate is evenly sprinkled on the top, smoothed, and finally put into the seedling pond for cultivation;

6) Daily management: During the growth period, observe the depth of water in the nursery pond, add water to the pond from time to time to ensure that there is sufficient water in the pond, and replenish water once every 15-20 days; The amount per plate is applied to the seedling fertilizer, and the fertilizer is applied once every 7 days. After 30-40 days of sowing, the seedlings grow to 8-10cm before transplanting.

Preferably, in step 1), the size of the pond is length×width×height=330cm×70cm×10cm, and the specification of the shed is length×width×height=370cm×90cm×80cm.

Preferably, in step 2), the specification of the floating seedling tray is length×width×height=66cm×33.5cm×5.5cm.

As a preference, in step 3), the seedling-raising substrate is made according to the weight ratio of biogas residue: vermiculite: garden soil: plant ash=6:2:20:1, and is sterilized at 121° C. in an autoclave for 40 Minutes, fully kill germs, eggs, weed seeds.

Preferably, in step 4), the sweet potato seeds are light-cultured at 25° C. for 48 hours in a light incubator, and the water is changed once every 24 hours.

Preferably, in step 6), the seedling fertilizer is a compound fertilizer of N:P ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ O=20:7:13, and the nitrogen concentration is controlled at 300mg/L.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

(1) The present invention corrodes the hard cuticle of the seed surface with concentrated sulfuric acid, and combines soaking seeds in warm soup and medicament soaking seeds, and the germination rate can reach more than 92.55%, which can break dormancy, significantly reduce diseases, and improve the disease resistance of seedlings. The efficiency and the selection probability of a good single plant have laid a solid foundation, and the uniformity of seedling emergence is better than that of traditional seedling cultivation;

(2) This method adopts the method for floating seedlings, and the seedling ponds are flexible and convenient to build, and can be recycled. A seedling pond can accommodate 2000 seeds, which can save land, and the required substrate is less, which is more economical and convenient compared to conventional seedbed cultivation. Environmental protection, cleanliness and sanitation can control diseases, insect pests and weeds to the greatest extent; and the nursery pool needs to be filled with water only after a long period of time. If this method of raising seedlings is promoted in water-deficient areas, it can save a lot of work in watering;

(3) The supporting seeder described in the present invention can complete the punching work of the whole seedling tray at one time, which is more efficient than traditional punching tools such as wooden sticks one by one, and is simple to operate. It is still relatively rare in production;

(4) The seedling-raising substrate described in the present invention is biogas residue: vermiculite: garden soil: plant ash=6:2:20:1 is prepared by weight ratio, and through autoclaving, this seedling-raising substrate is rich in organic matter and humus, Rich in nutrients, high in potassium, good in water absorption and strong in water retention, it is very suitable for the growth of sweet potato seedlings, and avoids the occurrence of diseases, insect pests and weeds to the greatest extent;

(5) In the method of the present invention, the compound fertilizer can be uniformly spread and dissolved in the water in the floating pond, and the nutrients in the whole seedling pond are very uniform, which can ensure the uniformity and consistency of seedling growth, and will not be caused by uneven fertilization or The direct contact of fertilizer with the leaf surface causes burnt seedlings;

(6) The seedling stalks bred by the inventive method are thick and strong, the root system is developed, the leaf area is large, the ratio of root to shoot ratio is large, and the plant height is suitable, wherein root length, root number, product of blade length and width, and root to shoot ratio are respectively compared to Seedlings raised in conventional seedbeds increased by 26.18%, 39.94%, 33.43%, and 76.47%. When transplanting, the substrate in the entire hole can be taken out together, and the root system is dense and not easy to damage, which increases the survival rate of transplanting.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the seedling that the conventional seedling raising method (seedbed seedling raising) of sweet potato seed grows 30 days;

Fig. 2 is the seedling that the floating seedling raising method of sweet potato seed grows for 30 days;

Fig. 3 is the soil situation of transplanting the seedlings of sweet potato seedlings in the seedbed;

Fig. 4 is the situation with the soil of transplanting the sweet potato seedling of floating seedling cultivation;

Fig. 5 is the growth comparison figure of seedling cultivation in seedbed and floating seedling cultivation;

Fig. 6 is the real front view of the seeder used in conjunction with the floating seedling tray;

Fig. 7 is the actual reverse view of the seeder used in conjunction with the floating seedling tray.

Detailed ways

Example 1

A method for floating seedling raising of sweet potato seeds, the specific steps are:

1) Build a nursery pool: build a pool with small red bricks, spread a layer of plastic film on the bottom of the pool, and set a shed welded with a steel frame on the movable cover above the pool. Both ends are provided with thick plastic films that can be opened freely. After the seedling pond is built, tap water is poured into the pond, and the water level does not overflow the pond;

2) Floating seedling raising tray preparation: select 200 hole polystyrene foam trays and the seeder supporting it (as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, the punching process can be completed at one time, saving manpower);

3) Seedling-raising substrate: biogas residue (crop straw, cow dung, pig manure, etc. obtained after fermentation in a biogas tank, the main components are organic matter and humus, etc.) dried in the sun, crushed, and passed through a 20-mesh sieve for use; fertile garden soil, Remove debris, dry in the sun, crush, pass through a 20-mesh sieve, and set aside; fully mix biogas residue, vermiculite, garden soil, and plant ash to make a seedling substrate, add water and mix before use, and the moisture content of the substrate is 60%. That is, knead it into a ball with your hands and put it down to spread out;

4) Pre-sowing treatment of seeds: Soak the seeds of sweet potato with 98% concentrated sulfuric acid for 30 minutes, and keep stirring, so that the seeds are fully exposed to concentrated sulfuric acid, pour out the concentrated sulfuric acid and rinse the seeds with tap water for more than 3 times to ensure that there is no concentrated sulfuric acid After 10-15 minutes, when the temperature drops to 30°C, stop stirring and transfer the seeds to 25% carbendazim wettable powder In 250 times liquid, continue to soak for 5-10 minutes, take out the seeds and wash them with distilled water, transfer them to a petri dish, add distilled water, the distilled water should just submerge the seeds, cover the lid of the petri dish, and put it in the light incubator Cultivate under light until the seeds are white, and count the germination rate;

5) Seed sowing: Fill the seedling raising substrate in the floating seedling raising tray, then use the matching seeder to press out a 1.5cm deep hole on the seedling raising tray, and then use tweezers to clamp the germinated seeds into the hole so that the root faces downward , evenly sprinkle a layer of seedling substrate on top, smooth it, and finally put it into the seedling pond for cultivation;

6) Daily management: During the growth period, observe the change of water depth in the nursery pool, add water to the pool from time to time to ensure that there is sufficient water in the pool, add once every 15 days; Apply a large amount of seedling fertilizer, and apply fertilizer every 7 days. After 30-40 days of sowing, wait for the seedlings to grow to 8-10cm before transplanting.

Example 2

A method for floating seedling raising of sweet potato seeds, the specific steps are:

1) Build a nursery pool: build a pool with small red bricks, spread a layer of plastic film on the bottom of the pool, and set a shed welded with a steel frame on the movable cover above the pool. Both ends are provided with thick plastic films that can be opened freely. After the seedling pond is built, tap water is poured into the pond, and the water level does not overflow the pond; the size of the pond is length×width×height=330cm×70cm×10cm, The specification of the shed is length × width × height = 370cm × 90cm × 80cm;

2) Floating seedling tray preparation: select the 200-hole polystyrene foam tray as the floating seedling tray for length * width * height = 66cm * 33.5cm * 5.5cm, and select supporting seeders (as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the punching process can be completed at one time, saving manpower);

3) Seedling-raising substrate: biogas residue (crop straw, cow dung, pig manure, etc. obtained after fermentation in a biogas tank, the main components are organic matter and humus, etc.) dried in the sun, crushed, and passed through a 20-mesh sieve for use; fertile garden soil, Remove sundries, dry, crush, cross 20 mesh sieves, and set aside; prepare seedling-raising substrate according to the weight ratio of biogas residue: vermiculite: garden soil: plant ash=6:2:20:1, and the above-mentioned materials are fully mixed in proportion. After evenly mixing, sterilize in an autoclave at 121°C for 40 minutes to fully kill germs, insect eggs, weed seeds, etc., add water and mix before use, the water content of the matrix is 60%, that is, hand knead into a ball, put it down into a ball scattered state;

4) Pre-sowing treatment of seeds: Soak the seeds of sweet potato with 98% concentrated sulfuric acid for 30 minutes, and keep stirring, so that the seeds are fully exposed to concentrated sulfuric acid, pour out the concentrated sulfuric acid and rinse the seeds with tap water for more than 3 times to ensure that there is no concentrated sulfuric acid After 10-15 minutes, when the temperature drops to 30°C, stop stirring and transfer the seeds to 25% carbendazim wettable powder In 250 times liquid, continue to soak for 5-10 minutes, take out the seeds and wash them with distilled water, transfer them to a petri dish, add distilled water, the distilled water should just submerge the seeds, cover the lid of the petri dish, and put it in 25℃ for light cultivation Cultivate under light in the box for 48 hours, change the water every 24 hours, cultivate until the seeds are white, and count the germination rate;

5) Seed sowing: Fill the seedling raising substrate in the floating seedling raising tray, then use the matching seeder to press out a 1.5cm deep hole on the seedling raising tray, and then use tweezers to clamp the germinated seeds into the hole so that the root faces downward , evenly sprinkle a layer of seedling substrate on top, smooth it, and finally put it into the seedling pond for cultivation;

6) Daily management: During the growth period, observe the depth of water in the nursery pond, add water to the pond from time to time to ensure that there is sufficient water in the pond, and add once every 15 days; Apply the seedling fertilizer in a large amount, the seedling fertilizer is the compound fertilizer of N:P ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ O=20:7:13, the nitrogen concentration is controlled at 300mg/L, and the fertilizer is applied every 7 days, after 30-40 days of sowing , when the seedlings grow to 8-10cm, transplant.

experiment analysis

On September 3, 2015, floating seedling raising and conventional seedling raising tests were carried out. The specific implementation plan is as follows:

1) On September 3, 2015, the germination treatment of sweet potato seeds before sowing was carried out, and 450 seeds of the hybrid combination No. 1510 were selected, put into a beaker, soaked in 98% concentrated sulfuric acid for 30 minutes, and kept stirring to make the seeds fully When exposed to concentrated sulfuric acid, especially in the first 10 minutes, it needs to be fully stirred so that all the seeds are in full contact with concentrated sulfuric acid to corrode the hard cuticle on the surface of the seeds. Pour out the concentrated sulfuric acid and rinse the seeds with tap water for more than 3 times to ensure that there is no concentrated sulfuric acid residue then soak in warm water at 55-60°C, stir while soaking, so that the seeds are heated evenly, and when the temperature drops to 30°C after 10-15 minutes, stop stirring, and transfer the seeds to 25% carbendazim WP 250 In the double liquid, continue to soak for 5-10 minutes, take out the seeds and wash them with distilled water, transfer them to a petri dish (150 grains are one repetition, set 3 repetitions), add distilled water, it is advisable to just immerse the seeds in the distilled water, put the petri dish Cover the lid, put it into a light incubator at 25°C for light cultivation, change the water every 12 hours, and sow the seeds after 24-48 hours, and count the germination rate at intervals of 24h and 48h.

2) On September 6, 2015, choose a clean floating tray and fill it with a clean seedling medium mixed with water, and press out a 1.5cm deep hole on the seedling tray with a matching seeder, and select germinated seeds and plant them into the hole of the seedling tray In the center, cover with matrix soil, smooth it, put it into the water-filled seedling pond for cultivation, set up 3 repetitions, select 50 germinated seeds for each repetition, put down the film at both ends of the shed, and press it with bricks to ensure that no seeds remain. gap.

3) On September 6, 2015, the seedbed was raised on the same day. The seedbed was built first. The size of the seedbed was 100cm long, 80cm wide, and 15cm high. Spread a layer of 5cm-high seedling substrate, water thoroughly, divide the seedbed into 3 small pieces evenly, first use tweezers to draw a small ditch 2cm deep in the seedbed, then arrange the germinated seeds evenly in the ditch, and then cover with substrate soil , smooth, water again, set 3 repetitions, select 50 germinated seeds for each repetition, bend thin bamboo strips into arches and insert them on both sides of the seedbed after sowing, and then spread film to build a small arch shed, 7 days Water once to keep the seedbed moist.

4) After sowing, observe and count the number of seedlings every day, and make a record. After 5 days after the seedlings are assembled, that is, on September 15, 2015, the seedling fertilizer is uniformly applied for the first time, and the seedling pond is called 150g compound fertilizer by the amount of 15g/pan ( N:P ₂ O ₅ :K ₂ O=20:7:13) evenly sprinkled in the nursery pool, and stirred evenly, filled with water; the seedbed said that 15g of compound fertilizer was dissolved in 1000ml of water, and evenly poured on the seedlings, Apply fertilizer uniformly according to the above method every 7 days.

5) 30 days after sowing, that is, on October 6, 2015, 10 plants were repeatedly sampled for each treatment, and the root length, plant height, root number, leaf length and leaf width of the largest leaf, root fresh weight, and stem and leaf fresh weight were measured. Calculate root-shoot ratio = root fresh weight/stem-leaf fresh weight, root fresh weight ratio=root fresh weight/whole plant fresh weight×100, leaf length-width product=leaf length×leaf width.

6) Results and analysis

See Table 1 for statistics on the germination rate of sweet potato seeds treated with concentrated sulfuric acid.

Table 1 Germination rate of sweet potato seeds treated with concentrated sulfuric acid

As can be seen from Table 1, the average germination rate of sweet potato seeds after concentrated sulfuric acid treatment reaches 92.55%. If it is not the problem of the seeds themselves, the germination rate can reach 100% if the pretreatment operation requirements are strictly followed.

See Table 2 for the emergence rate of sweet potato seedlings raised in floating seedlings and seedbeds.

Table 2 The emergence rate of sweet potato seeds in different seedling raising methods

As can be seen from Table 2, there is no significant difference in the emergence speed and emergence rate of sweet potato seeds in two ways of floating seedling cultivation and seedbed cultivation, and the seedlings can be assembled in 3-4 days, and the emergence rate of 100% can be basically achieved.

See Table 3 for the biological characteristics of sweet potato seedlings raised in floating seedlings and seedbeds.

Table 3 Biological characters of sweet potato seedlings in different seedling raising methods

It can be seen from Table 3 that the plant height of the seedlings raised by floating seedlings is smaller than that of seedlings raised in seedbeds, and the difference is significant, indicating that seedlings grown in seedbeds grow fast, but from actual observations, they are leggy and easy to lodging. However, the root length, root number, and leaf length-width product of floating seedlings increased by 26.18%, 39.94%, and 33.43% respectively compared with seedbed cultivation. Lay a solid foundation for absorbing more nutrients and producing more photosynthetic products.

See Table 4 for the biomass of sweet potato seedlings raised in floating seedlings and seedbeds.

Table 4 Biomass of sweet potato seedlings in different seedling raising methods

It can be seen from Table 4 that the root fresh weight, root fresh weight ratio, and root-to-shoot ratio of sweet potato seedlings raised in floating seedlings were significantly higher than those raised in seedbeds, which were 73.01%, 77.02%, and 76.47% higher than the latter, indicating that Floating seedlings are more conducive to root growth, increase the ratio of root to shoot, and create good growth conditions for crops. However, the root system of seedbed cultivation is obviously underdeveloped, and the stems and leaves grow too vigorously, which is easy to lodging, which is not conducive to the transplanting of sweet potato seedlings.

Accompanying drawings 1-5 are the real photos taken during the seedling raising test, as shown in Figure 1, there are more weeds on the seedbed of the seedbed raising method, the seedlings grow irregularly, the base appears bent, and the leaves are bitten by pests ; As shown in Figure 2, there is no weed growth on the seedling tray of the floating seedling raising method, and the seedling growth is neat and consistent, without damage by disease and insect, and there is no lodging phenomenon; As shown in Figure 3, when the seedling of the seedbed raising method is transplanted, The roots are basically without soil, which has a strong impact on the survival rate of transplanting, and there are bending phenomena in the base and the middle, which shows that the seedlings raised by the seedbed method are prone to lodging; as shown in Figure 4, the growth of floating seedlings is consistent, and the roots are developed And after taking out from the seedling tray, the matrix soil in the hole can be taken out completely, greatly increasing the transplanting survival rate, and there is no bending and lodging situation; The growth is neat and consistent, without bending and lodging, and the root system is developed and dense.

Seedlings grown in traditional seedbeds tend to grow excessively, requiring personnel to take care of them at any time, remove the film to harden seedlings, and are prone to disease and insect pests, which need to be sprayed with pesticides for prevention and control, which increases the cost of breeding; however, the present invention can be used for seedlings because of the high arched shed for seedlings. The space for growth is larger, and there will be no leggy growth. Traditional seedbed cultivation, just as this test is carried out, the root system is very weak, and the soil cannot be brought up when transplanting, so the survival rate of transplanting is not high, and frequent watering is required in the early stage of transplanting, which increases costs, while the survival rate of transplanting in the present invention Higher and less frequent watering.

The seedlings bred by the present invention can not be directly transplanted to the field earlier, but are first transplanted to the greenhouse for secondary cultivation, and the density cultivation of the seedlings with a row spacing of 10cm×10cm is carried out in the greenhouse, and 2 seedlings are grown. After one month, the seedlings can grow to 80cm-100cm. At this time, the seedlings can be cut and transplanted to the field, which can increase the breeding selection rate of excellent lines, and can obtain more sweet potato tubers at one time. In the second year, rapid seedling propagation can be achieved, shortening the breeding time. The number of years; and it can also realize the multi-site selection of the same seedling, improve the breeding efficiency, and shorten the process of new variety selection.

The present invention can perform multiple screenings: the first screening: when the floating seedlings are transplanted to the greenhouse, some weak seedlings can be eliminated according to the strength of the seedlings; the second screening: when the strong seedlings are cultivated in the greenhouse and transplanted to the field, Part of the weak seedlings can also be eliminated; the third screening: When harvesting in the field, select the strains with good performance according to the breeding requirements for harvesting, and can realize the simultaneous screening of the same seedlings for more than one year, improve the breeding efficiency, and shorten the process of new variety selection .

The root system of sweet potato seedlings grows very vigorously in the floating pond, which is conducive to their absorption of nutrients and promotes the rapid growth of seedlings, but it is not conducive to the later transplanting work. Cut off and be flush with the bottom of the seedling tray. After cutting the roots, continue to cultivate for 7 days before transplanting. After cutting the roots, the seedling hardening effect is good. When transplanting, all the substrate soil in the seedlings and the seedling tray holes can be easily taken out without loosening the substrate soil caused by the root system at the bottom being too long.

Floating seedlings can accommodate 200 or more seeds on a seedling tray, and a seedling pool can accommodate 2,000 or more seeds, occupying a small space, using less seedling substrates, a large number of seedlings at one time, and short seedling time, but If the seedlings need to be cut and transplanted, they need to be transplanted to the greenhouse for secondary cultivation.

Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that Various changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the claims.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of sweet photo seed float seedling method, it is characterised in that：Specific step is：

1) nursery pond is built：Pond is built with small common brick, in pond bottom layer overlay plastic foil, and activity is provide with above pond There are one the arched shed being welded with steelframe, arched shed periphery is sealed with thick plastic film, and arched shed, which is provided at both ends with, freely to be raised Thick plastic film tap water is injected into pond after Miao Chi is built up, water level does not cover pond；

2) floating seedling tray prepares：Select 200 hole polystyrene foam discs and matched seeder；

3) seedling medium：Biogas residue is dried, is pulverized, crossing 20 mesh sieve, spare；Fertile garden mould, removes impurity removing, dries, and pulverizes, and crosses 20 Mesh sieves, spare；Biogas residue, vermiculite, garden mould, plant ash are hybridly prepared into seedling medium, by biogas residue:Vermiculite:Garden mould:Plant ash= 6:2:20:1 weight ratio is made, and is sterilized 40 minutes with 121 DEG C of high-pressure sterilizing pot, fully kills germ, worm's ovum, weed seed Using it is preceding first plus water is mixed wet, water content of substrate 60%, i.e. hand are pinched agglomerating, put down in the state scattered；

4) true seed sows pre-treatment：98% concentrated sulfuric acid of sweet photo seed is impregnated 30 minutes, and is stirred continuously, kind is made Son comes into full contact with the concentrated sulfuric acid, and the concentrated sulfuric acid is poured out and is rinsed seed 3 time or more with tap water, ensures to remain without the concentrated sulfuric acid, so After be transferred in 50-55 DEG C of warm water and impregnate, the stirring of this process lasts makes seed be heated evenly, temperature is down to 30 after 10-15 minutes DEG C when, stop stirring, seed is transferred in 25% carbendazol wettable powder, 250 times of liquid, continue impregnate 5-10 minute, take out kind Son is cleaned with distilled water, is transferred in culture dish, distilled water is added, distilled water is advisable just to submerge seed, by the lid of culture dish Son covers, and is put into illumination cultivation in illumination box；

5) seed is sowed：Seedling medium is seated in floating seedling tray, is then extruded on seedlings nursing plate with mating seeder The aperture of 1.5cm depths disposably completes the punching work of whole disk, then is clipped to the seed of germination in hole with tweezers, makes root downward, Last layer seedling medium is uniformly spread in top, smoothes out, is finally putting into nursery pond and cultivates；

6) daily management：In growth period, the depth variation of water in nursery pond is observed, not timing is into pond plus water ensures in pond There are sufficient water, water of 15-20 days supplements；3-5 days after Qi Miao, nursery fertilizer is applied by the amount of 15g/ disks, was applied every 7 days primary Fertilizer waits for that seedling grows to 8-10cm, is transplanted after sowing 30-40 days.

2. a kind of sweet photo seed float seedling method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 1), The size in pond is length × width × height=330cm × 70cm × 10cm, and the specification of arched shed is length × width × height=370cm × 90cm ×80cm。

3. a kind of sweet photo seed float seedling method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 2), The specification of the floating seedling tray is length × width × height=66cm × 33.5cm × 5.5cm.

4. a kind of sweet photo seed float seedling method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 4), Sweet photo seed 25 DEG C of illumination cultivation 48h in illumination box change a water for 24 hours.

5. a kind of sweet photo seed float seedling method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 6), The nursery fertilizer is N:P₂O₅:K₂O=20:7:13 composite fertilizer, nitrogen concentration are controlled in 300mg/L.