CN105791398A - A multi-task component communication method applied to unmanned aerial vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-task component communications method for an unmanned airplane vehicle. Specifically, the method includes a first step of for a certain unmanned airplane vehicle, determining, according to a system need, the quantity of replaceable task components communicating with a communications hub device; a second step of sequentially marking a component type code of each task component; a third step of setting a general communications frame format of the communications hub device and each task component; and a fourth step of identifying, by the communications hub device, the task component according to the component type code Ti, and acquiring or filling information content of the task component Ti, so as to finish communications. According to the method, in a case in which the change cost is minimum, the adaptability of the communications hub device to the multi-task component is realized, so that the cost for system transformation or research and development is reduced, the research and development progress is accelerated, the method is flexible and convenient, maintenance in later period is simple, benefits are maximized, and a reliable and convenient method is offered for loading or replacement of the multi-task component of the multi-purpose unmanned airplane vehicle.

Description

A multi-task component communication method applied to unmanned aerial vehicles

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle control, and specifically refers to a multi-task component communication method applied to an unmanned aerial vehicle.

Background technique

With the rapid application and development of UAV technology, especially its excellent performance in the military, UAVs are becoming more and more popular. UAVs have the following advantages: they are rarely restricted by weather conditions, are available day and night, can break into dangerous areas for long-term surveillance and reconnaissance to obtain intelligence information, and can transmit target images in real time; moreover, UAVs have no pilots, Without considering the physiological limit of the pilot, it can be designed with simple structure, light weight, small size, convenient use, easy operation and maintenance, so its development cost, production cost and maintenance cost are much lower than those of manned aircraft, and it can also save training Substantial fees for pilots.

According to the purpose of use, drones can generally be divided into the following categories:

1) Target aircraft: Simulate the flight status of aircraft, missiles and other various aircraft; it is mainly used to identify the performance of various aviation (air defense) weapons and train fighter pilots and air defense weapon operators.

2) Reconnaissance aircraft: carry out strategic, campaign and tactical reconnaissance, monitor the battlefield, and provide intelligence for the combat operations of the troops. Reconnaissance and surveillance drones are currently relatively complete types of drones that are widely used in actual combat, such as the "Global Hawk" unmanned reconnaissance drone, the "Dark Star" stealth unmanned reconnaissance drone, and the "Predator". Unmanned reconnaissance aircraft, "Knight" unmanned reconnaissance aircraft.

3) Decoy UAV: lure the enemy's radar and other electronic reconnaissance equipment to turn on to obtain relevant information; simulate and display false targets, lure the enemy's air defense weapons to shoot, attract enemy firepower, and cover the penetration of the own aircraft group.

4) Electronic countermeasure drones: divided into electronic reconnaissance drones and electronic jamming drones. The former is used to collect enemy communication information and electronic intelligence, such as the 147 series drones of Ryan Company; the latter is used to attack the enemy The communication command system of the United States conducts electronic jamming, such as the air-Exjam UAV in the United States.

5) Attack drones: attack and intercept ground and air targets; attack drones carry small and powerful precision-guided weapons, laser weapons or anti-radiation missiles, and carry out military operations against important targets such as enemy radars, communication command equipment, and tanks. Attack and intercept tactical missiles in boost phase.

6) Communication relay unmanned aerial vehicles: UAVs are used to transmit images and other signals to other military aircraft or land and navy, and UAVs equipped with UHF and VHF radio communication equipment are generally used to relay communications.

7) UAVs for other purposes: UAVs can also be used for target identification, laser irradiation, air relay stations for long-distance data transmission, anti-submarine, gunfire correction and measurement of distant high-altitude atmosphere, as well as chemical, bacterial pollution and nuclear radiation reconnaissance Wait.

In the system composition of the UAV, a key central device is the flight control computer. It is like the brain of the drone, it is not only the control and management center of the whole machine, but also the communication center equipment of the whole machine. Most of the airborne equipment needs to communicate with it, so as to realize the interaction with the remote control and telemetry display on the ground. It needs to communicate with on-board mission components, engine systems, air data systems, navigation systems, integrated detection systems, airborne link equipment, air traffic control response systems, etc. On the one hand, through these communications, it obtains various position and status information of the UAV in real time, and selects an appropriate control strategy to realize the flight control and management of the UAV; on the other hand, it receives information from the airborne link in real time The remote control command of the ground station of the equipment is distributed to the corresponding airborne equipment. At the same time, the telemetry data of other airborne equipment is also collected and packaged, and transmitted back to the ground station through the airborne link equipment, so that the ground station operator can understand the drone's status in real time. state and control it. In other words, to ensure the successful completion of a mission, it is necessary to ensure effective communication between the mission components and the flight control computer.

UAVs for different purposes are equipped with different mission components. Like a target drone, its mission components are some target equipment, and the mission components of a reconnaissance plane are some reconnaissance equipment, such as photoelectric platforms, digital cameras, etc.; decoy drones, electronic countermeasure drones, communication relay drones, etc. , and its task components correspond to decoy equipment, electronic countermeasure equipment, communication relay equipment, etc. That is, different mission components determine the different uses of UAVs. When there are different mission requirements, different UAVs are dispatched to complete the corresponding missions. For example, when there are reconnaissance and communication relay tasks, use reconnaissance drones; when there are communication relay tasks, use communication relay drones; when there are electronic countermeasure tasks, use electronic countermeasure drones. Normally, these at least three drones need to be maintained.

At present, in order to save military expenditures, all countries hope to develop multi-purpose UAVs adapted to different actual combat environments, or refit them into multi-purpose UAVs based on the original UAVs. Because of this, a single UAV can meet the needs of multiple tasks, greatly reducing the cost of development and use.

In order to meet the needs of a single UAV to expand from a single purpose to a multi-purpose, the easiest way is to use the way of changing mission components. Because in this way, for the entire UAV system, only the mission components need to be replaced to achieve multi-purpose purposes. There is no need to replace another UAV, nor do you need to replace other equipment associated with mission components, such as the flight control computer, which minimizes the cost, reduces costs, saves money, is flexible and convenient to use, and facilitates post-maintenance Simple.

Then, in order to achieve the purpose of only replacing mission components to achieve multi-purpose, it is required that the flight control computer must communicate with multiple mission components through the same communication interface, and the flight control computer must be able to identify the mission components. How to solve this problem will be the key point that the single-purpose unmanned aerial vehicle expands into multi-purpose and faces, and this is also the problem to be solved by the present invention.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at expanding the multi-purpose needs of the current unmanned aerial vehicle, by generalizing multiple data frames and communicating with the communication center equipment, the multi-purpose function of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be realized only by replacing the mission components; The multi-task component communication method of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the specific steps are as follows:

Step 1: For a certain UAV, according to the system configuration, determine the number of replaceable mission components that communicate with the communication center equipment;

Determine the number of replaceable task components that communicate with the communication center equipment to be m, m≥2;

Step 2: mark the component type code of each task component in turn;

The component type codes are T1, T2, ..., Ti, ..., Tm;

Step 3: Set the general communication frame format between the communication center equipment and each task component, as follows:

frame header Component type code Ti Ti's information content

Step 4: The communication center device identifies the task component according to the component type code Ti, and obtains or fills in the information content of the task component Ti to complete the communication;

First, the communication center device judges the component type code of the current task component, and then obtains or fills in the information content corresponding to the current component type code from the general communication frame format to complete the communication with the current task component.

The advantages of the present invention are: by adopting the generalization method of multiple data frames, the adaptability of the communication center equipment to multi-task components can be realized under the condition of minimum cost, which can save funds for the transformation or development of UAVs, and speed up the development progress. It is flexible and convenient to use, easy to maintain in the later stage, and maximizes benefits, providing a reliable and convenient shortcut for the multi-task component replacement of multi-purpose drones.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a multi-task component communication method applied to an unmanned aerial vehicle of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a multi-task component communication method applied to an unmanned aerial vehicle of the present invention;

detailed description

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in Figure 1, the communication center device needs to communicate with multiple task components through a communication interface, and the communication frame format for communicating with multiple task components is set as a general communication frame format. In this general communication frame format, Set a one-to-one component type code for each task component, and the communication center device uses the component type code to identify the corresponding task component, and then obtains or fills in the information content of the task component according to the component type code, and completes the corresponding task component Communication, so as to achieve the purpose of communication between the communication center equipment and multiple task components through a communication interface;

A kind of multi-task component communication method applied to unmanned aerial vehicles of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, specific steps are as follows:

Step 1: For a certain UAV, according to the system configuration, determine the number of replaceable mission components that communicate with the communication center equipment;

According to the needs of the UAV system, there are m mission components that need to be replaced, so it is determined that the number of replaceable mission components that need to communicate with the communication center equipment is m; where m≥2; the communication center equipment can choose a flight control computer;

Step 2: Determine and mark the component type code of each task component in turn;

Determine the component type code of the first task component as T1;

Determine that the component type code of the second task component is T2;

By analogy, determine that the component type code of the mth task component is Tm;

Step 3: Set the general communication frame format between the communication center equipment and each task component;

The general communication frame format is as follows:

frame header Component type code Ti Ti's information content

The component type codes Ti are: T1, T2, ... Tm, namely:

When the component type code is T1, the communication frame format is:

frame header T1 Information content of T1

When the component type code is T2, the communication frame format is:

frame header T2 Information content of T2

By analogy, when the component type code is Tm, the communication frame format is:

frame header T m Information content of Tm

Step 4: The communication center device identifies the task component according to the component type code Ti, and obtains or fills in the corresponding information content of the task component Ti to complete the communication;

When communicating, the communication center device first obtains the component type code of the current task component:

If the component type code is T1, it means that the task component loaded at this time is the first task component, and the communication center device obtains or fills in the information content of the first task component from the general communication frame format, and completes the task related to the first task. communication of components;

If the component type code is T2, it means that the task component loaded at this time is the second task component. The communication center device obtains or fills in the information content of the second task component from the general communication frame format, and completes the task related to the second task. communication of components;

By analogy, if the component type code is Tm, it means that the task component loaded at this time is the mth task component, and the communication center device obtains or fills in the information content of the mth task component from the general communication frame format, and completes the task with Communication of the mth task component.

Example 1:

The present invention is applied to a UAV. The UAV can only load one task component, and there are two task components that need to be replaced: a hyperspectral platform and a SAR radar;

The concrete steps that realize the present invention are:

Step 1: According to the needs of the UAV system, determine that the number of replaceable mission components that communicate with the communication center equipment is 2;

The replaceable mission components that communicate with the communication center equipment are hyperspectral platform and SAR radar;

Step 2: Mark the component type codes of the two task components in turn:

The component type code of the marked hyperspectral platform is 0xAA;

The type code of the component marked SAR radar is 0xCC;

Step 3: Set the general communication frame format between the communication center equipment and each task component, as follows:

When the component type code is 0xAA, the communication frame format is:

frame header 0xAA Information content of hyperspectral platforms

When the component type code is 0xCC, the communication frame format is:

frame header 0xCC Information content of SAR radar

Step 4: The communication center device identifies the task component according to the component type code, and obtains or fills in the information content of the task component to complete the communication;

When communicating, the communication center device first judges the component type code of the current task component:

If the component type code is 0xAA, it means that the task component loaded at this time is a hyperspectral platform, and the communication center device obtains or fills in the information content of the hyperspectral platform from the general communication frame format to complete the communication with the hyperspectral platform;

If the component type code is 0xCC, it means that the task component loaded at this time is a SAR radar, and the communication center equipment obtains or fills in the information content of the SAR radar from the general communication frame format, and completes the communication with the SAR radar;

Example 2:

The present invention is applied to an unmanned aerial vehicle, which can be loaded with two mission components at the same time, one of which is a communication relay device, which must be installed every time; the other task component is selected from three reconnaissance devices , including: integrated optoelectronic platform, multi-functional surveillance radar, digital camera, which can be refitted according to the needs of each mission. Therefore, the three mission components that the UAV system needs to replace include: integrated optoelectronic platform, multi-functional surveillance radar, and digital camera;

The concrete steps that realize the present invention are:

Step 1: According to the needs of the UAV system, determine that there are 3 replaceable mission components that communicate with the communication center equipment;

The replaceable task components that communicate with the communication center equipment are: integrated photoelectric platform, multi-functional surveillance radar, and digital camera;

Step 2: mark the component type codes of the three task components in turn;

The type code of the component marking the integrated optoelectronic platform is 0x33;

The type code of the component marking the multi-function surveillance radar is 0x66;

The component type code of the digital camera is 0x99;

Step 3: Set the general communication frame format between the communication center equipment and each task component, as follows:

When the component type code is 0x33, the communication frame format is:

frame header 0x33 Information content of integrated optoelectronic platform

When the component type code is 0x66, the communication frame format is:

frame header 0x66 Information content of multi-function surveillance radar

When the component type code is 0x99, the communication frame format is:

frame header 0x99 Information content of digital cameras

Step 4: The communication center device identifies the task component according to the component type code, and obtains or fills in the information content of the task component to complete the communication;

When communicating, the communication center device first judges the component type code:

If the component type code is 0x33, it means that the task component loaded at this time is an integrated optoelectronic platform, and the communication center equipment obtains or fills in the information content of the integrated optoelectronic platform from the general communication frame format to complete the communication with the integrated optoelectronic platform;

If the component type code is 0x66, it means that the task component loaded at this time is a multi-function surveillance radar, and the communication center device obtains or fills in the information content of the multi-function surveillance radar from the general communication frame format to complete the communication with the multi-function surveillance radar;

If the component type code is 0x99, it means that the task component loaded at this time is a digital camera, and the communication center device obtains or fills in the information content of the digital camera from the general communication frame format to complete the communication with the digital camera.

Claims (1)

1. A multi-task component communication method applied to unmanned aerial vehicle, is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows: Step 1: For a certain UAV, according to the system configuration, determine the number of replaceable mission components that communicate with the communication center equipment; Determine the number of replaceable task components that communicate with the communication center equipment to be m, m≥2; Step 2: mark the component type code of each task component in turn; The component type codes are T1, T2, ..., Ti, ..., Tm; Step 3: Set the general communication frame format between the communication center equipment and each task component, as follows: frame header Component type code Ti Ti's information content Step 4: The communication center device identifies the task component according to the component type code Ti, and obtains or fills in the information content of the task component Ti to complete the communication; First, the communication center device judges the component type code of the current task component, and then obtains or fills in the information content corresponding to the current component type code from the general communication frame format to complete the communication with the current task component.