CN105790659A

CN105790659A - Voltage regulation method for restricting overtime excitation and voltage regulator

Info

Publication number: CN105790659A
Application number: CN201610227666.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨明
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Foshan China Micro Electric Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-01-30
Filing date: 2016-04-13
Publication date: 2016-07-20
Anticipated expiration: 2036-04-13
Also published as: CN105703724A; CN105577053A; CN105790659B; CN105577053B; CN105703724B

Abstract

The present invention provides a voltage regulation method for restricting overtime excitation. The voltage regulation method for restricting overtime excitation comprises: the output voltage of a generator is sampled through a sampling unit with the time delay less than 1 microsecond; sample signals is compared with a reference threshold voltage, a constant-frequency triggering signals are configured to switch on excitation current through a triggering unit at undervoltage; and the triggering unit is configured to cut off the excitation current at overvoltage to allow the asynchronous retardation of the regulator, namely an overtime excitation time, to be smaller than 12 microseconds. The voltage regulator through adoption of the voltage regulation method for restricting overtime excitation comprises an oscillation unit connection triggering unit, a sampling unit, a threshold unit and a connection comparison unit. The comparison is connected with the triggering unit, and the triggering unit is connected with the first end of a switch unit, the second end of the switch unit is an excitation control terminal and is connected with a follow current unit, and the third end of the switching unit is connected with the ground. The triggering unit is triggered by the constant-frequency triggering signals of the oscillation unit and is configured to switch on the excitation current and perform locking when undervoltage, and is configured to cut off the excitation current and perform locking in 12 microseconds when overvoltage, so that the overtime excitation is restricted, and the voltage regulation is more accurate, more reliable and safer.

Description

The voltage adjusting method of restriction time-out excitation and voltage regulator

Technical field

The invention belongs to generator control technical field, relate to the voltage adjusting method and the voltage regulator that limit time-out excitation.

Background technology

The adjustment process of car generator voltage controller, gather generator output voltage dynamically generally by voltage sample end and obtain sampled signal, compare with set reference threshold voltage, connect exciting current when sampled signal voltage is less than reference threshold voltage, cut off exciting current when sampled signal voltage is be more than or equal to reference threshold voltage；This dynamic adjustment process is based on following relational implementation: the ratio of sampled signal voltage and generator output voltage is equal to the ratio of reference threshold voltage with generator output voltage setting value.

The sampling resistor generally adopting several series connection constitutes sample circuit output sampled signal, controls exciting current again through late-class circuit and power tube；But the interference noise of multi-frequency often it is mixed with as the generator output voltage of automobile power source; these interference noises also can be mixed in sampled signal; in order to prevent interference noise from causing, excitation frequency is too high and improves the excitation current waveform of power tube, sampling resistor usually needs be connected to filter capacitor and the interference noise in sampled signal is filtered；nullWhile filtering, also lead to the signal intensity in sampling node lag behind the real-time working condition of generator output voltage，This is owing to filter capacitor constitutes RC integrating circuit with sampling resistor，The overvoltage moment equal to setting value is risen above at generator output voltage instantaneous value，And the voltage of the sampled signal affected by filter capacitor is also less than reference threshold voltage this moment，Exciter current of generator is made to appoint right connection，By the time the charging voltage of filter capacitor is increased to the moment be more than or equal to reference threshold voltage，Just cut off exciting current by late-class circuit，So make generator output voltage exceed and there is a time delay between the time point of setting value and the time point of exciting current cut-out，Namely exciting current cuts off and there is asynchronous delay amount，So that electromotor is by time-out excitation，At this of internal adjuster time delay、Magnet exciting coil and electromotor always work at excited state.

By existing generator voltage controller is surveyed, the data drawn show that its asynchronous delay amount is many at 0.1～2mS；Particularly when electromotor high speed, time-out excitation occupies bigger electrical angle, produce bigger induced electromotive force and generation excessively adjustment, the rising of throw load induced voltage, rectifier bridge and actuator power tube and other vehicle mounted electrical apparatus etc. bear bigger rush of current and potential threat, cause voltage regulator that premature breakdown easily occurs, and the edge of the excitation waveform of general existing voltage regulator output is not precipitous, clutter is many, cause the big temperature rise of device loss, fragile, reduce service life.

And in original switch amplifying circuit, adopt the mode of regulation and control feedback factor, although compromise considers time delay and excitation frequency problem to a certain extent, but still often reach its time delay 0.1mS or more than, and excitation waveform still there will be slope and shake, retardation problem and power tube switching loss problem and fundamentally do not solved during power tube opening and closing.

Following table shows that common 12 pole alternating current generator excitations cut off the electrical angle postponed under time delay and corresponding different rotating speeds:

Therefore, the asynchronous delay amount reducing the cut-out of generator voltage controller excitation as much as possible is comparatively important for the safety of actuator, sensitivity, degree of regulation, particularly that the safety of actuator is particularly important.But in prior art, if the filter capacitor removing sampled signal will cause excitation frequency too high and the distortion of power tube drive waveforms, make power tube work in upper frequency, drive not enough, long cause that switching loss is excessive, it is too much to generate heat, fragile problem in the amplification region holdup time；One of solution is to adopt flip-flop circuit to control the open and close of power tube, although this solves switching frequency and switching loss problem, but the flip-flop circuit configurations of prior art excessively very complicated, cost are high, be difficult to realize.

In sum, the problem that existing voltage regulator exists four aspects:

(1) reduce time-out excitation to be difficult to take into account with controlling excitation frequency；

(2) power tube drive waveforms is bad causes that switching loss increases；

(3) security reliability is not high, often premature breakdown occurs；

(4) flip-flop circuit configurations of prior art is complicated.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to: solve at least one technical problem in the problems referred to above, in particular for the problem that voltage regulator asynchronous delay amount is excessive, take into account the frequency characteristic of actuator simultaneously, essentially consist in by cutting off excitation as early as possible during to the restriction of time-out excitation to reach generator output voltage be more than or equal to setting value, make voltage-regulation more precisely safe and reliable.

For this, a kind of design philosophy is: manage the RC time constant reducing sampling resistor and filter capacitor composition, so that the time delay that excitation is cut off shortens as far as possible, then sampled signal is compared with reference threshold voltage, kept by the state of trigger and upset controls exciting current；Based on such thought, as sample circuit postpone time delay of the trigger less than 1 microsecond, the comparison circuit of actuator and rear class less than 10 microseconds, power tube time delay less than 1 microsecond, within such actuator is limited to 12 microseconds at total time delay, retardation during according to general 12 pole generator 12000R/M high speed calculates, during 12 microseconds, deferred telegram angle is only 5.184 °, sample circuit had both made there is capacitor, when its RC accomplishes below 1 microsecond time delay, electromotor is made its time delay to produce the overtime excitation of hazardness hardly；Certainly, a kind of ultimate attainment method is to remove capacitor, time delay only with resistance, the sample circuit of transistor composition is almost 0, and the time delay of existing general common electronic device: comparator is in nanosecond to Microsecond grade, MOS power tube time delay is in nanosecond to few tens of nano-seconds, it is typically in nanosecond the time delay of gate circuit to few tens of nano-seconds, bipolar transistor is then shorter for time delay, so circuit total time delay that general common comparator, trigger, power tube are constituted is in nanosecond to Microsecond grade, the controller lag time is shorter；But only cannot take into account excitation frequency with original switch amplification circuit structure and thoroughly improve excitation waveform, so selecting the trigger with two kinds of stable states to control exciting current, namely triggering signal with one makes trigger from locking in the first stable state for opening exciting current, exciting current is turned off with overvoltage signal when the overvoltage moment arrives, being achieved in that not only shortening excitation simultaneously but also has taken into account excitation frequency time delay, two stable states of trigger make excitation waveform inherently improve simultaneously.

To achieve these goals, according to a first aspect of the present invention, it is provided that the voltage adjusting method of the first restriction time-out excitation, it is characterized in that, including step:

SA1: generator output voltage carries out real-time synchronization sampling incessantly, obtains the generator output voltage time delay relative to real-time change less than the sampled signal of 1 microsecond；

SA2: described sampled signal and the reference threshold voltage preset by threshold cell were compared less than the circuit of 10 microseconds through a time delay, for determining whether generator output voltage reaches be more than or equal to setting value, as otherwise carried out step SA3, then described time delay exports the first voltage less than the circuit of 10 microseconds in this way, carries out step SA4；

SA3: receive fixed frequency by a trigger element and trigger signal or reception delay triggering signal, make described trigger element trigger from locking in the first stable state under signal or delay triggering signal effect at described fixed frequency, and open exciter current of generator by power device；

It is the signal of fixed frequency that described fixed frequency triggers signal, described delay triggering signal includes: cut off the pulse that the control signal in moment obtains and the pulse that the power on signal that voltage regulator is activated or described power on signal obtain through time delay through time delay corresponding to exciting current each time；

SA4: described trigger element is triggered by described first voltage, make described trigger element overturn rapidly under described first voltage effect and certainly lock in the second stable state and cut off exciting current by power device, and the flip-flop transition of described trigger element and described power device turn-off time are less than 1 microsecond；

Making generator output voltage start be more than or equal to the setting value moment each time, the time delay to the exciting current cut-off moment is defined as less than 12 microseconds.

According to second aspect present invention, it is provided that the voltage adjusting method of the second restriction time-out excitation, it is characterized in that, including step:

SB1: generator output voltage carries out real-time synchronization sampling incessantly, obtains the generator output voltage time delay relative to real-time change less than the sampled signal of 1 microsecond；

Receive fixed frequency by a trigger element and trigger signal or reception delay triggering signal, make described trigger element trigger from locking in the first stable state under signal or delay triggering signal effect at described fixed frequency, and open exciter current of generator by power device；

SB2: described sampled signal and the reference threshold voltage preset by threshold cell were compared less than the circuit of 10 microseconds through a time delay, for determining whether generator output voltage reaches be more than or equal to setting value, as otherwise carried out step SB1, then described time delay exports the first voltage less than the circuit of 10 microseconds in this way, carries out step SB3；

SB3: described trigger element is triggered by described first voltage, make described trigger element overturn rapidly under described first voltage signal effect and certainly lock in the second stable state and cut off exciting current by power device, and the flip-flop transition of described trigger element and described power device turn-off time are less than 1 microsecond；

According to third aspect present invention, it is provided that the voltage adjusting method of the third restriction time-out excitation, it is characterized in that, including step:

SC1: generator output voltage carries out real-time synchronization sampling incessantly, obtains the generator output voltage time delay relative to real-time change less than the sampled signal of 1 microsecond；

SC2: described sampled signal and the reference threshold voltage preset by threshold cell are compared through described trigger element, for differentiating whether generator output voltage reaches be more than or equal to setting value, if described sampled signal voltage is less than described reference threshold voltage, then trigger element state is constant, if described sampled signal voltage is be more than or equal to described reference threshold voltage, then described trigger element overturns rapidly and certainly locks in the second stable state, and cuts off exciter current of generator by power device；And the flip-flop transition of described trigger element and described power device turn-off time are less than 1 microsecond；

Making generator output voltage start be more than or equal to the setting value moment each time, the time delay to the exciting current cut-off moment is defined as less than 2 microseconds.

According to above-mentioned three kinds of voltage adjusting methods, can at generator output voltage when rising above equal to setting value each time, to reach exciting current cut-out extremely short time delay, thus realizing limiting the key performance concerning actuator peak point current, crest voltage, actuator security reliability aspect largely--the time delay of exciting current during overvoltage, have adjusted excitation frequency simultaneously, optimize excitation current waveform, reduce the switching loss of power device.

According to fourth aspect present invention, provide the voltage regulator of a kind of restriction time-out excitation adopting the first voltage adjusting method described, it is characterized in that, including oscillating unit, sampling unit, threshold cell, comparing unit, trigger element, switch element and afterflow unit；The outfan of described oscillating unit is connected with the first input end of trigger element to be used for providing determines frequency triggering signal, sampling unit include resistance and/or transistor for provide time delay the sampled signal less than 1 microsecond, state sampling unit to be connected respectively with power positive cathode, described sampling unit outfan is connected with the first input end of comparing unit, threshold cell is connected with the second input of described comparing unit and is used for providing reference threshold voltage, the outfan of described comparing unit is connected for providing the first voltage when described sampled signal voltage is be more than or equal to described reference threshold voltage with the second input of trigger element, the outfan of described trigger element is connected with the first end of switch element, the excitation con-trol end that second end is voltage regulator of described switch element and being connected with afterflow unit；When described voltage regulator is for external earth electromotor, the other end of described afterflow unit connects the positive source of generator voltage controller, the 3rd end ground connection of described switch element；When described voltage regulator is for interior bonding electromotor, the other end ground connection of described afterflow unit and the power cathode of voltage regulator, the positive source of the 3rd termination voltage actuator of described switch element；Making described trigger element also certainly lock in the first stable state when not receiving described first voltage under the effect of described delay triggering signal and connect exciting current by described switch element, described trigger element certainly locks in the second stable state and by described switch element cut-out exciting current under described first voltage effect.

According to fifth aspect present invention, provide the voltage regulator of a kind of restriction time-out excitation adopting the first voltage adjusting method described, it is characterized in that, including delay unit, sampling unit, threshold cell, comparing unit, trigger element, switch element and afterflow unit；The outfan of described delay unit is connected for providing delay triggering signal for described trigger element with the first input end of trigger element, sampling unit include resistance and/or transistor for provide time delay the sampled signal less than 1 microsecond, described sampling unit is connected respectively with power positive cathode, described sampling unit outfan is connected with the first input end of comparing unit, threshold cell is connected with the second input of described comparing unit and is used for providing reference threshold voltage, the outfan of described comparing unit is connected for providing the first voltage when described sampled signal voltage is be more than or equal to described reference threshold voltage with the second input of trigger element, the outfan of described trigger element is connected with the first end of switch element, the excitation con-trol end that second end is generator voltage controller of described switch element and being connected with afterflow unit；When described generator voltage controller is for external earth electromotor, the other end of described afterflow unit connects the positive source of generator voltage controller, the 3rd end ground connection of described switch element；When described generator voltage controller is for interior bonding electromotor, the other end ground connection of described afterflow unit and the power cathode of generator voltage controller, the positive source of the 3rd termination generator voltage controller of described switch element；Making described trigger element also certainly lock in the first stable state when not receiving described first voltage under the effect of described delay triggering signal and connect exciting current by described switch element, described trigger element certainly locks in the second stable state and by described switch element cut-out exciting current under described first voltage effect.

6, according to sixth aspect present invention, provide the voltage regulator of a kind of restriction time-out excitation adopting described the second voltage adjusting method, it is characterized in that, including oscillating unit, sampling unit, threshold cell, comparing unit, trigger element and afterflow unit；The outfan of described oscillating unit is connected with the input of trigger element for providing fixed frequency to trigger signal for described trigger element, makes described trigger element from locking in the first stable state under the effect that described fixed frequency triggers signal；Sampling unit include resistance and/or transistor for provide time delay the sampled signal less than 1 microsecond, described sampling unit is connected respectively with power positive cathode, described sampling unit outfan is connected with the first input end of comparing unit, threshold cell is connected with the second input of described comparing unit and is used for providing reference threshold voltage, the outfan of described comparing unit is connected for providing the first voltage when described sampled signal voltage is be more than or equal to described reference threshold voltage with the input of trigger element, make described trigger element from locking in the second stable state under described first voltage effect；The outfan of described trigger element is the excitation con-trol end of voltage regulator and is connected with afterflow unit；When described generator voltage controller is for external earth electromotor, the other end of described afterflow unit connects the positive source of generator voltage controller, the 3rd end ground connection of described trigger element；When described generator voltage controller is for interior bonding electromotor, the other end ground connection of described afterflow unit and the power cathode of generator voltage controller, the positive source of the 3rd termination generator voltage controller of described trigger element, described trigger element connects exciting current by its power device when being in the first stable state, cuts off exciting current by its power device when being in the second stable state.

According to seventh aspect present invention, it is provided that the voltage regulator of a kind of restriction time-out excitation adopting described the second voltage adjusting method, it is characterized in that, including oscillating unit, sampling unit, threshold cell, trigger element and afterflow unit；The outfan of described oscillating unit is connected with the input of trigger element for providing fixed frequency to trigger signal for described trigger element, makes described trigger element from locking in the first stable state under the effect that described fixed frequency triggers signal；Sampling unit include resistance and/or transistor for provide time delay the sampled signal less than 1 microsecond, described sampling unit is connected respectively with power positive cathode, described sampling unit outfan is connected for providing the first voltage when described sampled signal voltage is be more than or equal to described reference threshold voltage with the input of trigger element by threshold cell, makes described trigger element from locking in the second stable state under described first voltage effect；The outfan of described trigger element is the excitation con-trol end of voltage regulator and is connected with afterflow unit；When described voltage regulator is for external earth electromotor, the other end of described afterflow unit connects the positive source of voltage regulator, the 3rd end ground connection of described trigger element；When described voltage regulator is for interior bonding electromotor, the other end ground connection of described afterflow unit and the power cathode of voltage regulator, the positive source of the 3rd termination voltage actuator of described trigger element, described trigger element connects exciting current by power device when being in the first stable state, cuts off exciting current by power device when being in the second stable state.

8, according to eighth aspect present invention, it is provided that the voltage regulator of a kind of restriction time-out excitation adopting described the second voltage adjusting method, it is characterized in that, including delay unit, sampling unit, threshold cell, trigger element and afterflow unit；The outfan of described delay unit is connected with the input of trigger element for providing delay triggering signal for described trigger element, makes described trigger element from locking in the first stable state under the effect of described delay triggering signal；Sampling unit include resistance and/or transistor for provide time delay the sampled signal less than 1 microsecond, described sampling unit is connected respectively with power positive cathode, described sampling unit outfan is connected for providing the first voltage when described sampled signal voltage is be more than or equal to described reference threshold voltage with the input of described trigger element by threshold cell, makes described trigger element from locking in the second stable state under described first voltage effect；Described trigger element outfan is connected with the input of delay unit, and for providing excitation shutoff signal and actuator power on signal for delay unit, described trigger element outfan is the excitation con-trol end of generator voltage controller and is connected with afterflow unit；When described voltage regulator is for external earth electromotor, the other end of described afterflow unit connects the positive source of voltage regulator, the 3rd end ground connection of described trigger element；When described voltage regulator is for interior bonding electromotor, the other end ground connection of described afterflow unit and the power cathode of voltage regulator, the positive source of the 3rd termination voltage actuator of described trigger element, described trigger element connects exciting current by power device when being in the first stable state, cuts off exciting current by power device when being in the second stable state.

9, according to ninth aspect present invention, provide the voltage regulator of a kind of restriction time-out excitation adopting the third voltage adjusting method described, it is characterized in that, including oscillating unit, sampling unit, threshold cell, trigger element, switch element and afterflow unit；The outfan of described oscillating unit is connected with the first input end of trigger element for providing fixed frequency to trigger signal for described trigger element, makes described trigger element from locking in the first stable state under the effect that described fixed frequency triggers signal；Sampling unit include resistance and/or transistor for provide time delay the sampled signal less than 1 microsecond, described sampling unit is connected respectively with power positive cathode, described sampling unit outfan is connected with the second input of trigger element and is used for providing described sampled signal, threshold cell is connected with the first input end of described trigger element and is used for providing described reference threshold voltage, when described sampled signal voltage is be more than or equal to described reference threshold voltage, described trigger element is from locking in the second stable state；The outfan of described trigger element is connected with the first end of switch element, the excitation con-trol end that second end is voltage regulator of described switch element and being connected with afterflow unit, when described voltage regulator is for external earth electromotor, the other end of described afterflow unit connects the positive source of voltage regulator, the 3rd end ground connection of described switch element；When described voltage regulator is for interior bonding electromotor, the other end ground connection of described afterflow unit and the power cathode of voltage regulator, the positive source of the 3rd termination voltage actuator of described switch element, described trigger element connects exciting current by described switch element when being in the first stable state, cuts off exciting current by described switch element when being in the second stable state.

nullThe invention has the beneficial effects as follows: adopt the time delay of the sample circuit less than 1 microsecond，When generator output voltage is be more than or equal to setting value, trigger element is overturn immediately and is cut off exciting current self-locking by power tube，And in the middle of signal processing, do not have electric capacity to cause temporal too much delay，At most namely cut off exciting current through tens of microseconds，Because the time delay of 0.1～2mS that the flip-flop transition processing circuit causes much smaller than the actuator sample circuit RC filter element of prior art，Electrical angle shared by asynchronous delay amount is generally made to decrease below 1 °，It it is almost turned off in synchronization，It is negligible，Make voltage-regulation more accurate、Excitation current waveform is neatly agile、Reduce power tube switching loss、Avoid postponing cut off the overvoltage caused and excessively flow harm、Improve the safety of actuator and electromotor、Reliability and service life，Also improve the power supply quality of car load simultaneously，Especially for the power supply quality improving the vehicle-mounted microelectronics process circuit day by day increased.

Accompanying drawing explanation

By reading hereafter detailed description of the preferred embodiment, various other advantage and benefit those of ordinary skill in the art be will be clear from understanding.Accompanying drawing is only for illustrating the purpose of preferred implementation, and is not considered as limitation of the present invention.And in whole accompanying drawing, it is denoted by the same reference numerals identical parts.In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a kind of voltage regulator structure schematic diagram limiting time-out excitation of embodiment of the present invention fourth aspect；

Fig. 2 is a kind of voltage modulator circuit structural representation limiting time-out excitation of embodiment of the present invention fourth aspect；

Fig. 3 is a kind of voltage regulator B electrical block diagram limiting time-out excitation of embodiment of the present invention fourth aspect；

Fig. 4 is a kind of voltage regulator structure schematic diagram limiting time-out excitation of embodiment of the present invention the 5th aspect；

Fig. 5 is a kind of voltage modulator circuit structural representation limiting time-out excitation of embodiment of the present invention the 5th aspect；

Fig. 6 is a kind of voltage modulator circuit structural representation limiting time-out excitation of embodiment of the present invention the 6th aspect；

Fig. 7 is a kind of voltage regulator structure schematic diagram limiting time-out excitation of embodiment of the present invention the 7th aspect；

Fig. 8 is a kind of voltage modulator circuit structural representation limiting time-out excitation of embodiment of the present invention the 7th aspect；

Fig. 9 is a kind of voltage modulator circuit structural representation limiting time-out excitation of embodiment of the present invention eighth aspect；

Figure 10 is a kind of voltage regulator structure schematic diagram limiting time-out excitation of embodiment of the present invention the 9th aspect；

Figure 11 is a kind of voltage modulator circuit structural representation limiting time-out excitation of embodiment of the present invention the 9th aspect；

Detailed description of the invention

First aspect, it is provided that the voltage adjusting method of the first restriction time-out excitation, including step:

SA4: described trigger element is triggered by described first voltage, described trigger element is made to overturn rapidly under described first voltage signal effect and certainly lock in the second stable state, and described trigger element receives the described first voltage signal moment and turns off the time delay in moment less than 1 microsecond to described power device, namely at described first voltage signal by trigger element and power device 1 microsecond internal cutting off exciter current of generator；

Second aspect, it is provided that the voltage adjusting method of the second restriction time-out excitation, including step:

SB3: described trigger element is triggered by described first voltage, described trigger element is made to overturn rapidly under described first voltage signal effect and certainly lock in the second stable state, and the flip-flop transition of described trigger element is off time sum less than 1 microsecond with described power device, namely at 1 microsecond internal cutting off exciter current of generator；

The third aspect, it is provided that the voltage adjusting method of the third restriction time-out excitation, including step:

SC2: described sampled signal and the reference threshold voltage preset by threshold cell are compared through described trigger element, for differentiating whether generator output voltage reaches be more than or equal to setting value, if described sampled signal voltage is less than described reference threshold voltage, then trigger element state is constant, if described sampled signal voltage is be more than or equal to described reference threshold voltage, then described trigger element overturns rapidly and certainly locks in the second stable state, and cuts off exciter current of generator by power device；And the flip-flop transition of described trigger element is off time sum less than 2 microseconds with described power device, namely at 2 microsecond internal cutting off exciter current of generator；

Making generator output voltage start be more than or equal to the setting value moment each time, the time delay to the exciting current cut-off moment is defined as less than 3 microseconds.

According to above-mentioned three kinds of voltage adjusting methods, can at generator output voltage when rising above equal to setting value each time, to reach exciting current cut-out extremely short time delay, thus realizing limiting the key performance concerning actuator and electromotor peak point current, crest voltage, security reliability aspect largely--the time delay of exciting current during overvoltage, have adjusted excitation frequency simultaneously, optimize excitation current waveform.

Fourth aspect, embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of voltage regulator limiting time-out excitation, as it is shown in figure 1, include oscillating unit, sampling unit, threshold cell, comparing unit, trigger element, switch element and afterflow unit；nullThe outfan of oscillating unit is connected with the first input end of trigger element to be used for providing determines frequency triggering signal，Sampling unit is made up of resistance and/or transistor，Voltage and outfan between real-time sampling power positive cathode adopt capacitorless filtering mode，Its outfan is connected with the first input end of comparing unit and is used for providing sampled signal，Threshold cell is connected with the second input of comparing unit and is used for providing reference threshold voltage，The outfan of comparing unit is connected with the second input of trigger element for providing the first voltage when sampled signal voltage is be more than or equal to reference threshold voltage，The outfan of trigger element is connected with the first end of switch element，The excitation con-trol end that second end is voltage regulator of switch element and being connected with afterflow unit，The other end of afterflow unit connects the positive source of generator voltage controller，3rd end ground connection and power cathode of switch element；Making trigger element also when not receiving the first voltage certainly lock in the first stable state and connect exciting current by switch element under the effect of delay triggering signal, trigger element certainly locks in the second stable state and cuts off exciting current by switch element under the first voltage effect.

As shown in Figure 2, the plus earth of Zener diode D3, resistance R4 is connected between Zener diode D3 negative pole and actuator positive source, electric capacity C1 is in parallel with Zener diode D3, and namely resistance R4, Zener diode D3 and electric capacity C1 constitute regulated power supply for providing the voltage of voltage stabilizing for oscillating unit, comparing unit, trigger element and threshold cell；Positive source exports with the power supply of electromotor and is connected, and power cathode is connected with the minus earth of electromotor；Comparing unit is made up of voltage comparator (hereinafter referred to as comparator) A1, and its outfan can directly export high level, if adopting outfan is open-collector comparator, then needs to be circumscribed with pull-up resistor at its outfan；Comparator A1 and regulated power supply and ground connect respectively；Sample circuit is connected in series between power positive cathode by resistance R1 and R2, and the node that connects of resistance R1, R2 is that the outfan of sample circuit is connected with the inverting input of comparator A1；Threshold cell is in series by resistance R3 and Zener diode D1, the resistance R3 other end is also connected with regulated power supply, the node that connects of the plus earth of Zener diode D1, resistance R3 and Zener diode D1 is connected with the in-phase input end of comparator A1 as the outfan of threshold cell；Oscillating unit is connected respectively with regulated power supply and ground, and oscillating unit outfan provides the narrow pulse signal of fixed frequency for trigger element；

Trigger element is made up of not gate G2 or door G1 and NAND gate G3, G4, G5, G6, the input of not gate G2 and the first input end of NAND gate G4 connect a signal input part as trigger element, and this signal input part is connected the first voltage for receiving comparing unit output with the outfan of comparing unit；nullThe outfan connection of not gate G2 or the first input end of door G1，Or second input of door G1 is as another signal input part of trigger element，And this end is connected the narrow pulse signal for receiving oscillating unit output i.e. fixed frequency and triggers signal with oscillating unit outfan，Or the outfan of door G1 connects with second input of second input of NAND gate G3 and NAND gate G4 simultaneously，The outfan of NAND gate G4 connects with the first input end of the first input end of NAND gate G3 and NAND gate G6 simultaneously，The outfan of NAND gate G3 and second input of NAND gate G5 connect，Second input of NAND gate G6 and the outfan of NAND gate G5 connect，The outfan of the first input end of NAND gate G5 and NAND gate G6 connects and as the outfan of trigger element，Trigger element is also connected respectively with regulated power supply and ground；

Switch element adopts power field effect pipe Q2, the grid of power tube Q2 is connected with trigger element outfan as the first end of switch element, power tube drain electrode is connected with the diode D2 positive pole of afterflow unit and as excitation con-trol end for controlling the electric current of generator excitation winding, and power tube source electrode is as switch element the 3rd end ground connection；The positive source of diode D2 negative pole connection adjustor.

Detailed work process described below:

null(1) when generator output voltage is lower than setting value，It is easily understood that，Owing to the ratio of sampled signal with generator output voltage instantaneous value is equal to the ratio of reference threshold voltage and generator output voltage setting value，So voltage on the divider node of sampling resistor R1 and R2 is lower than the reference voltage of threshold cell，Namely the anti-phase input terminal voltage of comparator A1 is lower than the voltage of its in-phase input end，Comparator A1 exports high level 1，Not gate G2 output low level O，The frequency triggering signal of determining of oscillating unit output is the effective narrow pulse signal of high level，When narrow pulse signal arrives，Trigger element is triggered: signal warp or door G1 are transferred to second input of NAND gate G3 and G4，The high level signal of the comparator A1 output that NAND gate G4 receives according to its first input end and that its second input receives or door G1 output high level narrow pulse signal，NAND gate G4 output low level signal；The low level signal of the NAND gate G4 that NAND gate G3 receives according to its first input end, NAND gate G3 exports high level signal, the low level signal of the NAND gate G4 that NAND gate G6 receives according to its first input end, and NAND gate G6 exports high level signal, thus power tube Q2 conducting

After the narrow pulse signal of oscillating unit output, or door G1 is when being output as low level, NAND gate G3, G4 block, G3, G4 all export high level, and the input of NAND gate G5 and NAND gate G6, outfan interconnection realize state locking, trigger element is made to be locked at the first stable state of output high level；Power tube Q2 continues conducting, and the negative pole of magnet exciting coil is turned on over the ground by the excitation con-trol end of actuator, and owing to the positive pole of magnet exciting coil is connected with positive source always, so exciting current occurs, electromotor is able to excitation；If electromotor continues under-voltage, then exciting current continues.

null(2) it is locked at trigger element under the first limit of output high level，Along with generator operation，When generator output voltage is be more than or equal to setting value，And the frequency triggering signal of determining of oscillating unit output does not arrive，Voltage on the divider node of sampling unit resistance R1 and R2 is higher than the reference voltage value of threshold cell，Time point in this overvoltage moment starts，Go through procedure below: the anti-phase input terminal voltage of comparator A1 is higher than the voltage of its in-phase input end，First voltage of comparator A1 output low level，This voltage signal first arrives NAND gate G4 first input end，Again，This voltage signal exports high level 1 through not gate G2，Make or door G1 exports high level，Or door G1 outfan provides the signal delayed relative to its first input end for NAND gate G4 the second input，NAND gate G4 makes NAND gate G4 export high level signal according to the low level signal of the comparator A1 output that its first input end receives；The high level signal of the NAND gate G4 output that NAND gate G3 receives according to its first input end, and or door G1 output high level signal, NAND gate G3 output low level signal, NAND gate G5 makes NAND gate G5 export high level signal according to the NAND gate G3 of its reception low level signal exported, and NAND gate G6 makes NAND gate G6 output low level signal according to NAND gate G4 and the G5 high level signal exported；Exciting current is cut off in power tube Q2 cut-off；

Be higher than the duration of setting value, comparator A1 output low level 0 at generator output voltage, not gate G2 exports high level 1 and makes or door G1 output high level 1, and NAND gate G3, G4, G5 and G6 state are constant；During this, no matter whether the high level burst pulse of oscillating unit arrives, or door G1 exports high level 1, and trigger element state will not change, and power tube Q2 continues to end.

nullIn above-mentioned signal processing，Comparator A1 has been gone through to the time point that power tube thoroughly ends from overvoltage moment time point、Not gate G2、Or door G1、NAND gate G3～G6、(time delay of general single gate circuit or power tube is nanosecond to few tens of nano-seconds for sum flip-flop transition of power tube Q2 totally eight grades of circuit structures、The time delay of single comparator is between nanosecond to hundreds of nanoseconds，According in the sampled signal signal processing link in overvoltage moment，Go through a comparator and seven gate circuits calculate，The time delay of whole actuator is at few tens of nano-seconds to Microsecond grade)，Contrast prior art sample circuit is with the actuator of capacitor filtering，It is typically in 0.1 millisecond～2 milliseconds in the time delay in electromotor overvoltage moment to exciting current cut-off time，Therefore this circuit delay time is well below the prior art controller lag time，Compared with the latter，Nearly reach turned off in synchronization，Delay-angle that the time delay of trace, internal rotor turned over only small when high speed (be typically in less than electrical angle 1 °)，Produce overvoltage time-out excitation hardly，Improve security reliability and the service life of actuator and electromotor.Afterflow unit absorbs the self induction electromotive force that magnet exciting coil produces when power tube ends.

To sum up, generator output voltage more than the state of setting value duration, power tube Q2 continues to end.

(3) along with the load consumption to electric power, when generator output voltage falls below setting value, during the burst pulse of oscillating unit output does not arrive, comparator A1 exports high level, not gate G2 output low level, or door G1 output low level, NAND gate G3, G4 block, G3, G4 all export high level, and the input of NAND gate G5 and NAND gate G6, outfan interconnection realize state locking, and now trigger element output low level is able to locking；Therefore, during the burst pulse of oscillating unit output does not arrive, trigger element is locked at the second stable state of output low level.

When the burst pulse of oscillating unit output arrives, narrow pulse signal warp or door G1 are transferred to second input of NAND gate G3 and G4, the high level signal of the comparator A1 output that NAND gate G4 receives according to its first input end and that its second input receives or door G1 output high level narrow pulse signal, NAND gate G4 output low level signal；The low level signal of the NAND gate G4 that NAND gate G3 receives according to its first input end, NAND gate G3 exports high level signal, the low level signal of the NAND gate G4 that NAND gate G6 receives according to its first input end, and NAND gate G6 exports high level signal；Power tube Q2 conducting is made to connect exciting current；Now two inputs of NAND gate G5 are high level and make G5 output low level, support the state of NAND gate G6；

After the narrow pulse signal of oscillating unit output, or door G1 is when being output as low level, NAND gate G3, G4 block, and G3, G4 all export high level, and the input of NAND gate G5 and NAND gate G6, outfan interconnection realize state locking, namely trigger element output high level signal is able to locking；Power tube Q2 turns on, and the negative pole of magnet exciting coil is turned on over the ground by the excitation con-trol end of actuator, and owing to the positive pole of magnet exciting coil is connected with positive source always, electromotor is able to excitation.

Drawn by said process:

The cut-out of each exciting current is such that at generator output voltage each time be more than or equal to the time point of setting value, sampled signal reaction generator output voltage real-time change, and signal processing does not have electric capacity cause temporal delay, namely the upset only passing through several circuit cuts off exciting current, because the flip-flop transition of the whole adjuster circuit of the present embodiment is few tens of nano-seconds to Microsecond grade when high speed (be typically in less than electrical angle 1 °)

Following table show 12 pole alternating current generators excitation cut off time delay be 1 μ s time corresponding different rotating speeds under asynchronous delay amount electrical angle:

And learn through actual measurement: the time delay of general existing voltage regulator is between 0.1 millisecond～2 milliseconds, correspondingly, bigger overtime excitation electrical angle causes that rotor magnetic pole spans the overtime excitation electrical angle from the several years to hundreds of degree time delay, because can cause actuator and electromotor peak point current and crest voltage to raise, security reliability is deteriorated；What time delay was longer main reason is that in its sample circuit adopted containing capacitor filtering, make sampled signal delayed relative to generator output voltage real-time working condition, for the actuator that wherein time delay is longer, filter capacitor added by sample circuit be usually for correct excitation frequency and improve power tube drive signal, revise excitation waveform purpose set by, remove that this capacitor is too high easily caused by excitation frequency, power tube drives bad, switching loss increases, temperature rise, be easily damaged problem, and excitation frequency and waveform are difficult to take into account.

By comparison, the embodiment of the present invention adopts undelayed synchronized sampling circuit, keep functional realiey when cancelling capacitor by the self-locking of trigger element, solve the problem that power tube drives the bad and overtime excitation of signal simultaneously, the time delay that the response time (being generally less than 1 μ s) of the time delay and actuator that achieve excitation cut-out causes much smaller than sample circuit RC filter element in prior art, it is negligible, namely turned off in synchronization is reached, make voltage-regulation accurate, excitation current waveform is neatly agile, reduce power tube switching loss, overvoltage is avoided to endanger, improve the safety of actuator and electromotor, reliability and service life；When the burst pulse of oscillating unit output does not arrive, now trigger element output low level signal is able to locking, and power tube Q2 ends, even if generator voltage is already below setting value, trigger element will not exit locking voluntarily.The unlatching of each exciting current be such that oscillating unit determine frequency trigger burst pulse arrive time, narrow pulse signal makes trigger element upset for excited state, namely the frequency of determining that the unlatching of each excitation all begins at from oscillating unit output triggers signal, during electromotor normal regulating, being to trigger excitation with fixed frequency, namely fixed frequency triggers excitation.

Fourth aspect additionally provides the another kind of circuit structure form of a kind of voltage regulator limiting time-out excitation, as it is shown on figure 3, include sampling unit, comparing unit, threshold cell, oscillating unit, trigger element, switch element and afterflow unit.Sampling unit is made up of resistance and/or transistor, its outfan is connected with the first input end of comparing unit, comparing unit the second input is connected with threshold cell, the outfan of comparing unit and the first input end of trigger element connect, second input of oscillating unit and trigger element connects, the outfan of trigger element is connected with the first end of switch element, second end of switch element is connected with afterflow unit and removes to control the electric current of generator excitation winding as excitation con-trol end, the other end ground connection of afterflow unit, the positive source of the 3rd termination voltage actuator of switch element.

This circuit is the control circuit of flash output type, and for interior bonding and B circuit voltage actuator, the PMOS power tube that the present embodiment adopts for switch element illustrates:

The plus earth of Zener diode D3, resistance R4 is connected between Zener diode D3 negative pole and actuator positive source, electric capacity C1 is in parallel with Zener diode D3, and namely resistance R4, Zener diode D3 and electric capacity C1 constitute regulated power supply for the voltage stable for the offer of oscillating unit, comparing unit, trigger element and threshold cell；Positive source exports with the power supply of electromotor and is connected, and power cathode is connected with the minus earth of electromotor；Comparing unit is made up of voltage comparator (hereinafter referred to as comparator) A1, and its outfan can directly export high level, if adopting outfan is open-collector comparator, then needs to be circumscribed with pull-up resistor at its outfan；Comparator A1 and regulated power supply and ground connect respectively；Sample circuit is connected in series between power positive cathode by resistance R1 and R2, and the node that connects of resistance R1, R2 is that the outfan of sample circuit is connected with the inverting input of comparator A1；Threshold cell is in series by resistance R3 and Zener diode D1, the resistance R3 other end is also connected with regulated power supply, the node that connects of the plus earth of Zener diode D1, resistance R3 and Zener diode D1 is connected with the in-phase input end of comparator A1 as the outfan of threshold cell；Oscillating unit is connected respectively with regulated power supply and ground, and oscillating unit outfan provides the triggering narrow pulse signal of fixed frequency for trigger element；

Trigger element is made up of not gate G2 or door G1, NAND gate G3, G4, G5, G6, resistance R7, R8 and audion Q3, the first input end of the input of not gate G2 and NAND gate G4 connects and as a signal input part of trigger element, and this end is connected with the outfan of comparing unit and is used for receiving the first voltage that comparing unit exports；The outfan connection of not gate G2 or the first input end of door G1, or second input of door G1 is as another signal input part of trigger element, and this end is connected the narrow pulse signal for receiving oscillating unit i.e. fixed frequency and triggers signal with the outfan of oscillating unit；Or the outfan of door G1 connects with second input of second input of NAND gate G3 and NAND gate G4 simultaneously, the outfan of NAND gate G4 connects with the first input end of the first input end of NAND gate G3 and NAND gate G6 simultaneously, the outfan of NAND gate G3 and second input of NAND gate G5 connect, second input of NAND gate G6 is connected with the outfan of NAND gate G5, the first input end of NAND gate G5 and the outfan of NAND gate G6 connect and pass through resistance R7 connecting triode Q3 base stage, audion Q3 grounded emitter, its colelctor electrode connects resistance R8, the other end of resistance R8 is as the outfan of trigger element, trigger element is also connected respectively with regulated power supply and ground；

It should be noted that, arranging this one-level phase inverter of audion Q3 is to coordinate PMOS power tube Q4, also it is the outfan load capacity for improving trigger element simultaneously, under the premise that the NAND gate G5 load capacity of trigger element is enough, this one-level phase inverter of audion Q3 can be saved, band carrying R8 lower end and is directly connected to NAND gate G5 outfan, such circuit will be simplified.

Switch element is by PMOS field effect transistor Q4, resistance R9 and Zener diode D7 is constituted, resistance R9 is connected between grid and the source electrode of power tube Q4, Zener diode D7 negative pole connects power tube Q4 source electrode, Zener diode D7 positive pole connects power tube Q4 grid for protecting power tube Q4, the grid of power tube Q4 is connected with the outfan of trigger element as the first end of switch element, the source electrode of power tube is as the 3rd termination power positive pole of switch element, the drain electrode of power tube is connected with the diode D2 negative pole of afterflow unit and as excitation con-trol end for controlling the electric current of generator excitation winding；The plus earth of diode D2.

Detailed work process described below:

null(1) when generator output voltage is lower than setting value，It is easily understood that，Owing to the ratio of sampled signal with generator output voltage instantaneous value is equal to the ratio of reference threshold voltage and generator output voltage setting value，So voltage on the divider node of sampling resistor R1 and R2 is lower than the reference voltage of threshold cell，Namely the anti-phase input terminal voltage of comparator A1 is lower than the voltage of its in-phase input end，Comparator A1 exports high level 1，Not gate G2 output low level 0，The frequency triggering signal of determining of oscillating unit output is the effective narrow pulse signal of high level，When arriving in this signal leading edge，Trigger element is triggered: signal warp or door G1 are transferred to second input of NAND gate G3 and G4，The high level signal of the comparator A1 output that NAND gate G4 receives according to its first input end and that its second input receives or door G1 output high level narrow pulse signal，NAND gate G4 output low level signal；The low level signal of the NAND gate G4 that NAND gate G3 receives according to its first input end, NAND gate G3 exports high level signal, the low level signal of the NAND gate G4 that NAND gate G6 receives according to its first input end, and NAND gate G6 exports high level signal；Hereafter after the narrow pulse signal of oscillating unit output, or door G1 is when being output as low level, NAND gate G3, G4 block, G3, G4 all export high level, and the input of NAND gate G5 and NAND gate G6, outfan interconnection realize state locking, namely NAND gate G6 output high level is able to locking, makes trigger element be locked at the first stable state of output high level；Making audion Q3 turn on through resistance R7, audion Q3 drags down power tube Q4 grid potential through resistance R8, makes PMOS power tube Q4 turn on, and the positive pole of magnet exciting coil obtains voltage by the excitation con-trol end of actuator, due to the minus earth of magnet exciting coil, connects exciting current；If electromotor continues under-voltage, then exciting current continues.

(2) it is locked under the first limit of output high level at trigger element, along with generator operation, output voltage gradually rises, when generator output voltage is be more than or equal to setting value, and the frequency triggering signal of determining of oscillating unit output does not arrive, time point in this overvoltage moment starts: the voltage on the divider node of sampling unit resistance R1 and R2 is higher than the reference voltage value of threshold cell, namely the anti-phase input terminal voltage of comparator A1 is higher than the voltage of its in-phase input end, first voltage of comparator A1 output low level, not gate G2 exports high level 1, or door G1 exports high level 1, NAND gate G4 makes NAND gate G4 export high level signal according to the low level signal of the comparator A1 output that its first input end receives；The high level signal of the NAND gate G4 output that NAND gate G3 receives according to its first input end, and or door G1 output high level signal, NAND gate G3 output low level signal, NAND gate G5 makes NAND gate G5 export high level signal according to the NAND gate G3 of its reception low level signal exported, NAND gate G6 makes NAND gate G6 output low level signal according to NAND gate G4 and the G5 high level signal exported, making audion Q3 end through resistance R7, therefore PMOS power tube Q4 ends cut-out exciting current；Within the generator output voltage time higher than setting value, comparator A1 output low level 0, not gate G2 exports high level 1 and makes or door G1 output high level 1, makes NAND gate G3, G4, G5 and G6 state constant；During this, no matter whether the high level burst pulse of oscillating unit arrives, or door G1 all exports high level 1, and trigger element output state will not change, and makes power tube Q4 continue to end.

In above-mentioned signal processing flow, comparator A1 has been gone through to the time point that power tube thoroughly ends from the time initial point in overvoltage moment, not gate G2, or door G1, NAND gate G3～G6, audion Q3, sum flip-flop transition of power tube Q4 totally nine grades of circuit structures (few tens of nano-seconds to Microsecond grade), compared with the retardation with the sample circuit 0.1 millisecond～2 milliseconds of filter capacitor, nearly reach turned off in synchronization, make the delay-angle that time delay, internal rotor turned over only small when high speed (be typically in less than electrical angle 1 °), improve security reliability and the service life of actuator and electromotor.Afterflow unit absorbs the self induction electromotive force that magnet exciting coil produces when power tube ends.

To sum up, generator output voltage more than the state of setting value duration, power tube Q4 continues to end.

(3) along with the load consumption to electric power, when generator output voltage falls below setting value, during the burst pulse of oscillating unit output does not arrive, comparator A1 exports high level, not gate G2 output low level, or door G1 output low level, NAND gate G3, G4 block, G3, G4 all export high level, and the input of NAND gate G5 and NAND gate G6, outfan interconnection realize state locking, and now trigger element output low level signal is able to locking；Namely trigger element is locked at the second stable state of output low level, and power tube ends.

When the burst pulse of oscillating unit output arrives, narrow pulse signal warp or door G1 are transferred to second input of NAND gate G3 and G4, the high level signal of the comparator A1 output that NAND gate G4 receives according to its first input end and that its second input receives or door G1 output high level narrow pulse signal, NAND gate G4 output low level signal；The low level signal of the NAND gate G4 that NAND gate G3 receives according to its first input end, NAND gate G3 exports high level signal, the low level signal of the NAND gate G4 that NAND gate G6 receives according to its first input end, NAND gate G6 exports high level signal, PMOS power tube Q4 is made to turn on excitation through resistance R7, audion Q3 and resistance R8, now two inputs of NAND gate G5 are high level and make G5 output low level, support the state of NAND gate G6.

After the narrow pulse signal of oscillating unit output, or door G1 is when being output as low level, NAND gate G3, G4 block, and G3, G4 all export high level, and the input of NAND gate G5 and NAND gate G6, outfan interconnection realize state locking, namely NAND gate G6 exports high level signal and is able to locking；Making power tube Q4 turn on through resistance R7, audion Q3 and resistance R8, magnet exciting coil positive pole obtains voltage by the excitation con-trol end of actuator, due to magnet exciting coil minus earth, so exciting current is connected.

Drawn by said process, the cutting-off process of each exciting current is such that working as generator output voltage and arrives be more than or equal to setting value and overvoltage moment, sampling unit real-time sampling output voltage values, and signal processing does not have the delay that filter capacitor causes, namely upset merely through trigger element and power tube cuts off exciting current, the time delay caused because being far smaller than in prior art the flip-flop transition of circuit sample circuit RC filter element, it is negligible, make voltage-regulation accurate, excitation current waveform is neatly agile, reduce power tube switching loss, overvoltage is avoided to endanger, improve the safety of actuator and electromotor, reliability and service life；When the burst pulse of oscillating unit output does not arrive, trigger element output low level signal is able to locking, and power tube Q4 ends, even if generator voltage is already below setting value, trigger element will not exit locking voluntarily.The unlatching of each exciting current is such that when determining frequency triggering burst pulse and arriving, and trigger element upset is excited state, and namely the unlatching of excitation all begins at the frequency of determining exported from oscillating unit and triggers signal every time, triggers excitation for determining frequency.

5th aspect, embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of voltage regulator limiting time-out excitation, as shown in Figure 4, including delay unit, sampling unit, threshold cell, comparing unit, trigger element, switch element and afterflow unit；The outfan of delay unit is connected for providing delay triggering signal for trigger element with the first input end of trigger element, sampling unit is made up of resistance and/or transistor, voltage and outfan between real-time sampling power positive cathode adopt capacitorless filtering mode, its outfan is connected with the first input end of comparing unit, threshold cell is connected with the second input of comparing unit and is used for providing reference threshold voltage, the outfan of comparing unit is connected for providing the first voltage when sampled signal voltage is be more than or equal to reference threshold voltage with the second input of trigger element, the outfan of trigger element is connected with the first end of switch element, the excitation con-trol end that second end is generator voltage controller of switch element and being connected with afterflow unit；The other end of afterflow unit connects the positive source of generator voltage controller, 3rd end ground connection and power cathode of switch element, making trigger element also when not receiving the first voltage certainly lock in the first stable state and connect exciting current by switch element under the effect of delay triggering signal, trigger element certainly locks in the second stable state and cuts off exciting current by switch element under the first voltage effect.

It is easily understood that, owing to the ratio of sampled signal with generator output voltage instantaneous value is equal to the ratio of reference threshold voltage and generator output voltage setting value, so when generator output voltage is higher than setting value, sampled signal and the reference threshold voltage of threshold cell that comparing unit exports according to sampling unit compare and export the first voltage, are made the exciting current of switch element cut off by trigger element；The initial time of the first voltage is exported each time at comparing unit, the skip signal of this initial time is carried out time delay by delay unit, exporting delay triggering signal after time delay, delay triggering signal makes trigger element from locking in the first state and making switching means conductive, i.e. time delay set；After each operative power of dynamo governor, delay unit also exports signal makes trigger element from locking in the first state and making switching means conductive, and namely power on set.

Additionally, the input of delay unit or can be designed as the excitation shutoff signal of the outfan adopting switch element, and carry out time delay for making switching means conductive by trigger element for this excitation shutoff signal, therefore, delay unit can be adopted the first voltage for cutting off excitation or excitation shutoff signal and export delay triggering signal through time delay.

As shown in Figure 5, Zener diode D3 plus earth, resistance R4 is connected between Zener diode D3 negative pole and actuator positive source, electric capacity C1 is in parallel with Zener diode D3, and namely resistance R4, Zener diode D3 and electric capacity C1 constitute regulated power supply for providing burning voltage for delay unit, comparing unit, trigger element and threshold cell；Comparing unit is made up of voltage comparator A1, and its outfan can directly export high level, if adopting outfan is open-collector comparator, then needs to be circumscribed with pull-up resistor at its outfan；Comparator A1 and regulated power supply and ground connect respectively；Sampling unit is connected in series between voltage regulator power positive cathode by resistance R1 and R2, and the node that connects of resistance R1, R2 is that the outfan of sample circuit is connected with the inverting input of comparator A1；Threshold cell is in series by resistance R3 and Zener diode D1, the resistance R3 other end is also connected with regulated power supply, the node that connects of the plus earth of Zener diode D1, resistance R3 and Zener diode D1 is connected with the in-phase input end of comparator A1 as the outfan of threshold cell；Delay unit is connected respectively with regulated power supply and ground, and the input of delay unit is connected with the outfan of comparing unit, and delay unit outfan provides delay triggering signal for trigger element；

Trigger element is made up of not gate G2 or door G1 and NAND gate G3, G4, G5, G6, the input of not gate G2 is connected a signal input part as trigger element with the first input end of NAND gate G4, and this signal input part is connected the first voltage for receiving comparing unit output with the outfan of comparing unit；The outfan of not gate G2 with or the first input end of door G1 be connected, or second input of door G1 is as another signal input part of trigger element, and this signal input part is connected for reception delay triggering signal with the outfan of delay unit, or the outfan of door G1 connects with second input of second input of NAND gate G3 and NAND gate G4 simultaneously, the outfan of NAND gate G4 connects with the first input end of the first input end of NAND gate G3 and NAND gate G6 simultaneously, the outfan of NAND gate G3 and second input of NAND gate G5 connect, second input of NAND gate G6 and the outfan of NAND gate G5 connect, the first input end of NAND gate G5 is connected with the outfan of NAND gate G6 and as the outfan of trigger element；Trigger element is also connected respectively with regulated power supply and ground；

Switch element adopts power field effect pipe Q2, power tube Q2 grid is connected with the outfan of trigger element as the first end of switch element, power tube source electrode is as the 3rd end ground connection of switch element, and the drain electrode of power tube is connected with afterflow cell diodes D2 positive pole and as excitation con-trol end for controlling the electric current of generator excitation winding；The negative pole of diode D2 connects positive source.

Detailed work process described below:

null(1) when generator output voltage is lower than setting value，It is easily understood that，Owing to the ratio of sampled signal with generator output voltage instantaneous value is equal to the ratio of reference threshold voltage and generator output voltage setting value，So voltage on the divider node of sampling resistor R1 and R2 is lower than the reference voltage of threshold cell，Namely the anti-phase input terminal voltage of comparator A1 is lower than the voltage of its in-phase input end，Comparator A1 exports high level 1，Not gate G2 output low level 0，Namely delay unit exports the effective narrow pulse signal of high level at the beginning of each adjuster circuit powers on，Its rising edge time starts trigger element is triggered: this signal warp or door G1 are transferred to second input of NAND gate G3 and G4，The high level signal of the comparator A1 output that NAND gate G4 receives according to its first input end and that its second input receives or door G1 output high level narrow pulse signal，NAND gate G4 output low level signal；The low level signal of the NAND gate G4 that NAND gate G3 receives according to its first input end, NAND gate G3 exports high level signal, the low level signal of the NAND gate G4 that NAND gate G6 receives according to its first input end, NAND gate G6 exports high level signal, and power tube Q2 turns on excitation；

After the narrow pulse signal of delay unit output, or during door G1 output low level, NAND gate G3, G4 block, and G3, G4 all export high level, and the input of NAND gate G5 and NAND gate G6, outfan interconnection realize state locking, namely trigger element output high level is able to locking；Trigger element is made to be locked at the first stable state of output high level；Power tube Q2 turns on, and magnet exciting coil negative pole is turned on over the ground by the excitation con-trol end of actuator, and owing to the positive pole of magnet exciting coil is connected with positive source, exciting current is connected；If electromotor continues under-voltage, then exciting current continues.

null(2) when trigger element is locked at the first stable state of output high level，Along with generator operation，When generator output voltage raises to above equal to setting value，And the delay triggering signal of delay unit output does not arrive，Voltage on the divider node of sampling unit resistance R1 and R2 is higher than the reference voltage value of threshold cell，Time point in this overvoltage moment，Go through procedure below: the anti-phase input terminal voltage of comparator A1 is higher than the voltage of its in-phase input end，Comparator A1 overturns the first voltage of output low level，This voltage signal first arrives NAND gate G4 first input end，Again，This overvoltage signal exports high level 1 through not gate G2，Make or door G1 exports high level，Or door G1 outfan provides the signal delayed relative to its first input end for NAND gate G4 the second input，NAND gate G4 makes NAND gate G4 export high level signal according to the low level signal of the comparator A1 output that its first input end receives；The high level signal of the NAND gate G4 output that NAND gate G3 receives according to its first input end, and or door G1 output high level signal, NAND gate G3 output low level signal, NAND gate G5 makes NAND gate G5 export high level signal according to the NAND gate G3 of its reception low level signal exported, and NAND gate G6 makes NAND gate G6 output low level signal according to NAND gate G4 and the G5 high level signal exported；Exciting current is cut off in power tube Q2 cut-off；At generator output voltage higher than in setting value duration, comparator A1 output low level 0, not gate G2 exports high level 1 and makes or door G1 output high level 1, makes NAND gate G3, G4, G5 and G6 state constant；During this, whether the high level burst pulse no matter delay unit exports arrives, or door G1 all exports high level 1, and trigger element output state will not change, and makes power tube Q2 continue to end.

In above-mentioned signal processing, sum flip-flop transition (general few tens of nano-seconds to Microsecond grade) of comparator A1, not gate G2 or door G1, NAND gate G3～G6 and power tube Q2 totally eight grades of circuit structures has been gone through from overvoltage moment time point to the thorough stop time point of power tube, retardation relative to 0.1 millisecond～2 milliseconds of prior art, nearly reach turned off in synchronization, make the delay-angle that rotor turns within time delay only small when high speed (be typically in less than electrical angle 1 °), improve security reliability and the service life of actuator and electromotor.Afterflow unit absorbs the self induction electromotive force that magnet exciting coil produces when power tube ends.

When the delay triggering signal of delay unit output arrives, same as described above, exciting current is cut off in Q2 cut-off.

(3) along with the load consumption to electric power, when generator output voltage falls below setting value, during the burst pulse of delay unit output does not arrive, comparator A1 exports high level, not gate G2 output low level, or door G1 output low level, NAND gate G3, G4 block, G3, G4 all export high level, and the input of NAND gate G5 and NAND gate G6, outfan interconnection realize state locking, now trigger element output low level signal is able to locking, and namely trigger element is locked at the second stable state of output low level, and power tube Q2 ends always.

Delay unit receives the first voltage of overvoltage moment comparator A1 output, trailing edge for each first voltage starts, after one time of time delay, delay unit one effective narrow pulse signal of high level of output and delay triggering signal: for trigger element is triggered, and now generator output voltage has been lowered to lower than setting value.Specifically, delay triggering signal rising edge is opened or door G1, the high level of simultaneously comparator A1 output by the anti-phase rear output low level of not gate G2 (on now or door G1 output state without impact), therefore or door G1 export high level, the second input making NAND gate G3 and G4 is high level, the high level signal of the comparator A1 output that NAND gate G4 receives according to its first input end and that its second input receives or door G1 output high level narrow pulse signal, NAND gate G4 output low level signal；The low level signal of the NAND gate G4 that NAND gate G3 receives according to its first input end, NAND gate G3 exports high level signal, the low level signal of the NAND gate G4 that NAND gate G6 receives according to its first input end, NAND gate G6 exports high level signal, and power tube Q2 turns on excitation；Now two inputs of NAND gate G5 are high level and make G5 output low level, support the state of NAND gate G6；

After the narrow pulse signal of delay unit output, or door G1 is when being output as low level, NAND gate G3, G4 block, and G3, G4 all export high level, and the input of NAND gate G5 and NAND gate G6, outfan interconnection realize state locking, trigger element output high level signal is able to locking；Power tube Q2 turns on, and magnet exciting coil negative pole is turned on over the ground by the excitation con-trol end of actuator, and owing to the positive pole of magnet exciting coil is connected with positive source always, so exciting current is connected, electromotor is able to excitation.

Drawn by said process, the cutting-off process of each exciting current is such that working as generator output voltage and arrives be more than or equal to setting value and overvoltage moment, sampling unit real-time sampling generator output voltage value, and signal processing does not have filter capacitor cause temporal delay, namely the upset only passing through trigger element and power tube cuts off exciting current, because the time delay that the flip-flop transition of circuit causes much smaller than prior art sample circuit RC filter element, it is negligible, make voltage-regulation accurate, excitation current waveform is neatly agile, reduce power tube switching loss, overvoltage is avoided to endanger, improve the safety of actuator and electromotor, reliability and service life；When the burst pulse of delay unit output does not arrive, now trigger element output low level signal is able to locking, and power tube Q2 ends, even if generator output voltage is already below setting value, trigger element will not exit locking voluntarily.The unlatching of each exciting current be such that delay unit according to power on signal and each time exciting current shutoff signal carry out time delay, when Time-delayed trigger burst pulse arrives, trigger element upset is the second lower state locking, and namely field circuit is opened and all begun at delay triggering signal and Time-delayed trigger excitation every time.

6th aspect, embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of voltage regulator limiting time-out excitation, as shown in Figure 6, including oscillating unit, sampling unit, threshold cell, comparing unit, trigger element and afterflow unit；The outfan of oscillating unit is connected with the input of trigger element for providing fixed frequency to trigger signal for trigger element, makes trigger element from locking in the first stable state under the effect determining frequency triggering signal；Sampling unit is connected (being not shown in figure) respectively with positive source and the ground of voltage regulator, the outfan of sampling unit is connected with the first input end of comparing unit, threshold cell is connected with the second input of comparing unit and is used for providing reference threshold voltage, the outfan of comparing unit is connected with the input of trigger element for providing the first voltage when sampled signal voltage is be more than or equal to reference threshold voltage, makes trigger element from locking in the second stable state under the first voltage effect；The outfan of trigger element is the excitation con-trol end of voltage regulator and is connected with afterflow unit；The other end of afterflow unit connects the positive source of generator voltage controller, the 3rd end ground connection of trigger element；Trigger element connects exciting current by its power device when being in the first stable state, cuts off exciting current by its power device when being in the second stable state.

Specifically, Zener diode D3 plus earth, resistance R4 is connected between Zener diode D3 negative pole and actuator positive source, electric capacity C1 is in parallel with Zener diode D3, and namely resistance R4, Zener diode D3 and electric capacity C1 constitute regulated power supply for providing burning voltage for oscillating unit unit, threshold cell, comparing unit and trigger element；Oscillating unit is made up of narrow-pulse generator and audion Q31, narrow-pulse generator and audion Q31 emitter stage connect and ground connection, the positive pole of narrow-pulse generator connects regulated power supply, the outfan connecting triode Q31 base stage of narrow-pulse generator, audion Q31 open collector exports, and triggers signal for the effective narrow pulse signal of output low level as determining frequency；Sampling unit is connected in series between power positive cathode (do not give in figure and drawing) by resistance R1 and R2；Comparing unit is made up of comparator A4, resistance R31 and diode D31, and resistance R31 and diode D31 positive pole connect, and diode D31 negative pole is used for exporting the first voltage as comparing unit outfan, and comparator A4 is also connected respectively with regulated power supply and ground；Sample circuit outfan is connected with the in-phase input end of comparator A4；Threshold cell is not by resistance R3 and Zener diode D1 (give in figure and drawing) in series, the resistance R3 other end is also connected with regulated power supply, the node that connects of the plus earth of Zener diode D1, resistance R3 and Zener diode D1 is connected with the inverting input of comparator A4 and is used for providing reference threshold voltage；Trigger element is by comparator A5, resistance R32, R33, R34 and power tube Q2 is constituted, comparator A5 inverting input is used for receiving determines frequency triggering signal and the first voltage, the in-phase input end of comparator A5 connects resistance R32 and R33, another termination regulated power supply of resistance R32, resistance R33 other end ground connection, comparator A5 output termination power tube Q2 grid, power tube Q2 drain electrode connects comparator A5 inverting input by feedback resistance R34, comparator A5 is also connected with regulated power supply and ground, power tube Q2 adopts field effect transistor, its source ground, drain electrode is used for controlling exciting current for trigger element outfan, afterflow unit adopts diode D2, its positive pole connects power tube drain electrode, negative pole connects the positive source of voltage regulator.

The following describes specific works process:

(1) when generator output voltage is lower than setting value, it is easily understood that, owing to the ratio of sampled signal with generator output voltage instantaneous value is equal to the ratio of reference threshold voltage and generator output voltage setting value, therefore the reference threshold voltage that sampled signal voltage passes through lower than threshold cell, comparator A4 output low level 0, makes diode D31 end；Narrow-pulse generator in oscillating unit produces burst pulse when each burst pulse arrives, the of short duration conducting over the ground of audion Q31 colelctor electrode, trigger element is triggered: begin to turn on the moment at Q31, comparator A5 anti-phase input terminal potential is only the saturation voltage drop of audion Q31, comparator A5 in-phase input end voltage is the partial pressure value saturation voltage drop higher than audion Q31 of resistance R32 and R33, making comparator A5 export high level 1, power tube Q2 turns on, and connects exciting current；Simultaneously, power field effect pipe Q2 drain electrode is extremely low saturation voltage drop, the partial pressure value of resistance R32 and R33 is also apparently higher than this saturation voltage drop, time after burst pulse is rapid, audion Q31 recovers cut-off, again due to precondition be output voltage lower than setting value time diode D31 cut-off, now the anti-phase input terminal voltage of comparator A5 is only limited by the impact of feedback resistance R34, the saturation voltage drop of power tube Q2 it is substantially equal to by the feedback resistance R34 magnitude of voltage obtained, therefore the state of comparator A5 output high level is able to locking, it is the first stable state of trigger element, power tube connects exciting current.

(2) it is locked under the first limit at trigger element, along with generator operation, its output voltage gradually rises, when generator output voltage is be more than or equal to setting value, and the frequency triggering signal of determining of oscillating unit output does not arrive, time point in this overvoltage moment: the signal voltage of sampling unit is higher than the reference voltage value of threshold cell, comparator A4 exports high level and exports the first voltage by resistance R31 and diode D31, and first voltage close to the voltage of regulated power supply, first voltage is higher than the dividing potential drop obtained of resistance R33 after resistance R32 and R32 series connection, make comparator A5 inverting input higher than in-phase input end voltage, trigger element is made to overturn the second stable state of ingoing power pipe Q2 cut-off immediately, cut off exciting current.

In above-mentioned signal processing flow, the time point thoroughly ended from the time point in overvoltage moment to power tube has gone through sum flip-flop transition (few tens of nano-seconds to Microsecond grade) of comparator A4, comparator A5 and power tube Q2 totally three grades of circuit structures, time delay is far below the controller lag time of prior art, it it is almost turned off in synchronization, delay-angle that the time delay of trace, internal rotor turned over only small when high speed (be typically in less than electrical angle 1 °), produce overvoltage time-out excitation hardly, improve security reliability and the service life of actuator and electromotor.Afterflow unit absorbs the self induction electromotive force that magnet exciting coil produces when power tube ends.

To sum up: when generator output voltage does not arrive more than setting value and fixed frequency triggering signal, power tube Q2 continues to end.

If there is sustained overvoltage, when the frequency of determining of oscillating unit output triggers the forward burst pulse arrival of signal, start trigger element to trigger: trigger signal and drag down the comparator A5 anti-phase input terminal voltage of trigger element, make comparator A5 upset output high level 1, power tube Q2 turns on, but burst pulse is pass by immediately, sampled signal is higher than reference threshold voltage, trigger the second stable state making trigger element upset be power tube Q2 cut-off again, just can again turn on until next fixed frequency triggers pulse arrival, constantly repeat said process, generator output voltage continuous overvoltage state duration, power tube Q2 conducting Tong Bu with fixed frequency triggering signal burst pulse, there is the exciting current of burst pulse in energized circuit, i.e. aftercurrent.

(3) it is locked under the second limit of power tube conducting at trigger element, along with the load consumption to electric power, when generator output voltage falls below setting value, when the burst pulse of oscillating unit output arrives, it is the first stable state that trigger element is repeated again upset, and electromotor is able to excitation again.

Drawn by said process, the cutting-off process of each exciting current is such that working as generator output voltage and arrives be more than or equal to setting value and overvoltage moment, sampling unit real-time sampling output voltage values, and signal processing does not have electric capacity cause temporal delay, overturn merely through trigger element and power tube and namely cut off exciting current, the time delay that sample circuit RC filter element causes because being far smaller than the flip-flop transition of circuit in prior art, it is negligible, make voltage-regulation accurate, excitation current waveform is neatly agile, reduce power tube switching loss, overvoltage is avoided to endanger, improve the safety of actuator and electromotor, reliability and service life；Triggering during signal do not arrive determining frequency, trigger element is locked at power tube Q2 cut-off state, even if generator voltage is already below setting value, trigger element will not exit locking voluntarily.The unlatching of each exciting current be such that oscillating unit determine frequency trigger burst pulse arrive time, trigger element upset is excited state, and namely the unlatching of each excitation all begins at and determines frequency triggering signal, therefore, during electromotor normal regulating, trigger excitation for determining frequency.

This circuit also has power tube and crosses stream and load short circuit protection function: when occurring power tube to cross stream (such as Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection short circuit, electric leakage, carbon brush short circuit, between slip ring due to electric leakage etc. that powdered graphite etc. causes); power tube Q2 turns on the pressure drop (Uds) in internal resistance and raises; when Uds voltage is increased above the dividing potential drop that after resistance R32 and R32 series connection, resistance R33 obtains; positive feedback process through feedback resistance R34; trigger element sharply overturns, and power tube Q2 ends immediately and protected.Power tube Q2 drain electrode high potential continues to keep comparator A5 inverting input to make trigger element from locking in the second stable state higher than in-phase input end current potential through resistance R34, even if crossing stream or short trouble releasing, as long as fixed frequency triggers signal but without arrival, circuit just maintains the second stable state cutting off excitation always.After trouble shooting, during electromotor under-voltage condition, triggering under the triggering of pulse at the next one, trigger element upset is the first stable state, and power tube Q2 turns on, and voltage regulator recovers normal excitation automatically.

When there is continuous stream excessively or short circuit; when the triggering burst pulse of oscillating unit output arrives; of short duration can drag down the comparator A5 anti-phase input terminal voltage provided by feedback resistance R34; make comparator upset output high level; the of short duration conducting of power tube Q2; after burst pulse; the power tube Q2 too high voltage of drain electrode of over-current state continues to drag down comparator A5 anti-phase input terminal voltage through feedback resistance R34 again; make comparator upset output high level; trigger element is still returned to the second stable state of power tube cut-off, and power tube is got back protection；Energized circuit occurs that of short duration short circuit current detects pulse current as short circuit.

After crossing stream or short circuit releasing, when electromotor is in under-voltage condition, triggering under the triggering of pulse at the next one, trigger element turns over and again transfers the first stable state to, and power tube Q2 turns on, and voltage regulator recovers normal excitation automatically.

7th aspect, embodiment of the present invention provides the voltage regulator of the 4th kind of restriction time-out excitation, as it is shown in fig. 7, comprises oscillating unit, sampling unit, threshold cell, trigger element and afterflow unit；The outfan of oscillating unit is connected with the input of trigger element for providing fixed frequency to trigger signal for trigger element, makes trigger element from locking in the first stable state under the effect determining frequency triggering signal；Sampling unit is connected respectively with positive source and the ground of voltage regulator, the outfan of sampling unit is connected for providing the first voltage when sampled signal voltage be more than or equal to reference threshold voltage with the input of trigger element by threshold cell, makes trigger element from locking in the second stable state under the first voltage effect；The outfan of trigger element is the excitation con-trol end of voltage regulator and is connected with afterflow unit, and the other end of afterflow unit connects the positive source of voltage regulator, the 3rd end ground connection of trigger element；Trigger element connects exciting current by power device when being in the first stable state, cuts off exciting current by power device when being in the second stable state.

As shown in Figure 8, sample circuit is connected in series between power positive cathode by resistance R1 and R2, and positive source exports with the power supply of electromotor and is connected, and power cathode is connected with the minus earth of electromotor；Trigger element is by audion Q1, resistance R6, power tube Q2, Zener diode D6 and resistance R5 is constituted, resistance R5 is connected between the base stage of audion Q1 and power tube Q2 drain electrode, the base stage of audion Q1 is as the input of trigger element, one end of the colelctor electrode of audion Q1 and the grid of power tube Q2 and resistance R6 connects, the other end of resistance R6 connects positive source, the emitter stage of audion Q1 and the source electrode of power tube Q2 ground connection simultaneously, power tube Q2 drain electrode is used for controlling exciting current as trigger element outfan, Zener diode D6 plus earth, negative pole connects power tube Q2 grid and is used for protecting power tube Q2；Afterflow unit is made up of diode D2, and its positive pole connects power tube Q2 drain electrode, negative pole connection adjustor positive source；Threshold cell is made up of Zener diode D5, and resistance R1, R2 connect the negative pole that the outfan that node is sample circuit connects Zener diode D5, and the positive pole of Zener diode D5 is connected with audion Q1 base stage；Oscillating unit is made up of narrow pulse generator, resistance and audion, oscillating unit is connected respectively with regulated power supply and ground, oscillating unit outfan is connected with audion Q1 base stage, for providing the triggering narrow pulse signal i.e. fixed frequency of the fixed frequency of Low level effective to trigger signal.

Concrete work process described below:

(1) when generator output voltage is lower than setting value, it is easily understood that, owing to the ratio of sampled signal with generator output voltage instantaneous value is equal to the ratio of reference threshold voltage and generator output voltage setting value, and the reference threshold voltage of the present embodiment is equivalent to Zener diode D5 voltage stabilizing value and audion Q1 emitter junction conduction threshold sum, so sampled signal voltage is lower than Zener diode D5 voltage stabilizing value and audion Q1 emitter junction conduction threshold sum, Zener diode D5 ends；When namely fixed frequency triggering signal does not arrive in the triggering pulse of oscillating unit output, the audion cut-off in oscillating unit, with this understanding, the output state of trigger element has two kinds of situations:

If trigger element output high level 1, the high level of power tube Q2 drain electrode makes audion Q1 turn on through resistance R5, and audion Q1 colelctor electrode drags down the grid voltage power tube Q2 cut-off of power tube Q2, and trigger element output high level is steady statue；

If trigger element output low level 0, power tube Q2 turns on the saturation voltage drop emitter junction conduction threshold lower than audion Q1, dragging down audion Q1 base voltage by resistance R5 makes audion Q1 end, positive source provides grid voltage to make power tube Q2 turn on by resistance R6 for power tube Q2, and trigger element output low level is steady statue；When determining frequency triggering signal arrival of oscillating unit output, transistor collector output negative sense narrow pulse signal in oscillating unit, start trigger element to trigger: trigger signal and drag down the base voltage of audion Q1, Q1 is made to end, power tube Q2 turns on, trigger element overturns, it is output as low level 0 and stable in this state: after the narrow pulse signal of oscillating unit output, power tube Q2 drains the saturation voltage drop emitter junction conduction threshold lower than audion Q1, continue through resistance R5 and drag down the base voltage of audion Q1, audion Q1 is made to keep cut-off, power tube Q2 is held on, trigger element is made to be locked at the first stable state, therefore the negative pole of magnet exciting coil turns on connection exciting current over the ground by the excitation con-trol end of actuator；If electromotor continues under-voltage, then exciting current continues.

null(2) along with generator operation，Its output voltage can raise，When generator output voltage is be more than or equal to setting value，And the forward burst pulse determining frequency triggering signal of oscillating unit output does not arrive，When the sampled signal voltage voltage stabilizing value higher than threshold cell Zener diode D5 is with audion Q1 emitter junction conduction threshold sum，Namely when the overvoltage moment arrives: between at this moment, point starts: sampled signal makes it export the first voltage by Zener diode D5，First voltage makes audion Q1 turn on、Power tube Q2 ends，Trigger element overturns，And make trigger element be locked at state i.e. the second stable state being output as high level by feedback resistance R5，Exciting current is cut off in power tube Q2 cut-off，Namely Zener diode D5 has been gone through from overvoltage moment time point to the time point that power tube thoroughly ends、The upset required time sum of audion Q1 and power tube Q2 (be typically in nanosecond to few tens of nano-seconds level)，Time delay relative in prior art 0.1 millisecond～2 milliseconds，Nearly reach turned off in synchronization，Delay-angle that the time delay of trace, internal rotor turned over only small when high speed (be typically in less than electrical angle 1 °)，Produce overvoltage time-out excitation hardly，Improve security reliability and the service life of actuator and electromotor.Afterflow unit absorbs the self induction electromotive force that magnet exciting coil produces when power tube ends.To sum up, generator output voltage is be more than or equal to the state of setting value duration and when the burst pulse of oscillating unit output does not arrive, stable the second stable state in power tube Q2 cut-off of trigger element.

If there is sustained overvoltage, when the frequency of determining of oscillating unit output triggers the forward burst pulse arrival of signal, start trigger element to trigger: trigger signal and drag down the base voltage of trigger element audion Q1, audion Q1 is made to end, power tube Q2 turns on, but burst pulse is pass by immediately, overvoltage signal triggers trigger element upset again for power tube cut-off state locking, until next fixed frequency triggers pulse and arrives.Generator output voltage continuous overvoltage state duration, power tube Q2 of short duration conducting Tong Bu with fixed frequency triggering signal burst pulse, there is the exciting current of burst pulse in energized circuit, is referred to as aftercurrent.

(3) along with the load consumption to electric power, when generator output voltage falls below setting value, during the burst pulse of oscillating unit output does not arrive, now trigger element output high level signal, its power tube Q2 ends, this state locking；

When the burst pulse of oscillating unit output arrives, narrow pulse signal makes the conducting of trigger element power tube open exciting current；After narrow pulse signal, power tube Q2 remains in the first stable state of conducting, electromotor continuous excitation.

Drawn by said process, the cutting-off process of each exciting current is: when generator output voltage arrives be more than or equal to setting value and overvoltage moment, sampling unit real-time sampling output voltage values, and signal processing does not have electric capacity to cause temporal delay, only pass through trigger element upset and namely cut off exciting current, because the time delay that the flip-flop transition of circuit causes much smaller than sample circuit RC filter element in prior art, it is negligible, make voltage-regulation accurate, excitation current waveform is neatly agile, reduce power tube switching loss, overvoltage is avoided to endanger, improve the safety of actuator and electromotor, reliability and service life；During the burst pulse of oscillating unit output does not arrive, now trigger element output low level signal is able to locking, and power tube Q2 ends, even if generator voltage is already below setting value, trigger element will not exit locking voluntarily.The opening process of each exciting current is: oscillating unit determine frequency trigger burst pulse arrive time, narrow pulse signal makes trigger element upset for excited state, namely the frequency of determining that the unlatching of each excitation all begins at from oscillating unit output triggers signal, therefore, during electromotor normal regulating, triggering excitation with fixed frequency, namely fixed frequency triggers excitation.

The present embodiment circuit also has power tube and crosses stream and load short circuit protection function: when occurring power tube to cross stream; power tube Q2 turns on the pressure drop (Uds) in internal resistance and raises; when Uds voltage is increased above audion Q1 emitter junction conduction threshold; positive feedback process through feedback resistance R5; trigger element sharply overturns, and power tube Q2 ends immediately and protected.Power tube Q2 drain electrode high potential continues to the base current of audion Q1 through resistance R5, audion Q1 continues conducting makes trigger element from locking in the second stable state, even if crossing stream or short trouble releasing, as long as the frequency of determining of oscillating unit output triggers pulse but without arrival, circuit just maintains cut-out excitation the second stable state always.When there is continuous stream excessively or short circuit; when the triggering burst pulse of oscillating unit output arrives; of short duration can drag down the audion Q1 base voltage provided by feedback resistance R5; make the of short duration cut-off of audion Q1; the of short duration conducting of power tube Q2, after burst pulse, the power tube Q2 too high voltage of drain electrode of over-current state continues to make audion Q1 turn on through feedback resistance R5 again; trigger element is still returned to the second stable state of power tube cut-off, and power tube is got back protection；Energized circuit occurs that of short duration short circuit current detects pulse as short circuit.

After crossing stream or short circuit releasing, when electromotor is in under-voltage condition, triggering under signal function at next one frequency surely, trigger element turns over and again transfers the first stable state to, and power tube Q2 turns on, and voltage regulator recovers normal excitation automatically.

Eighth aspect, embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of voltage regulator limiting time-out excitation, as it is shown in figure 9, include delay unit, sampling unit, threshold cell, trigger element and afterflow unit；The outfan of delay unit is connected with the input of trigger element for providing delay triggering signal for trigger element, makes trigger element from locking in the first stable state under the effect of delay triggering signal；Sampling unit is connected respectively with positive source and the ground of voltage regulator, the outfan of sampling unit is connected for providing the first voltage when sampled signal voltage be more than or equal to reference threshold voltage with the input of trigger element by threshold cell, makes trigger element from locking in the second stable state under the first voltage effect；Trigger element outfan is connected with the input of delay unit, for providing excitation shutoff signal and actuator power on signal for delay unit, trigger element outfan is the excitation con-trol end of generator voltage controller and is connected with afterflow unit, the other end of afterflow unit connects the positive source of voltage regulator, 3rd end ground connection ground and power cathode of trigger element, trigger element connects exciting current by its power device when being in the first stable state, cuts off exciting current by its power device when being in the second stable state.

Specifically, resistance R4, Zener diode D3 and electric capacity C1 constitute the regulated power supply in actuator, the positive source of resistance R4 one end connection adjustor, the resistance R4 other end is connected with Zener diode D3 negative pole and electric capacity C1 one end, outfan as regulated power supply, Zener diode D3 positive pole and electric capacity C1 other end ground connection simultaneously, regulated power supply is for the voltage stable for delay unit and trigger element offer；nullDelay unit adopts comparator A3 and peripheral cell to constitute，The in-phase input end of comparator A3 connects resistance R22、R23 and electric capacity C22，The electric capacity C22 other end and resistance R22 other end ground connection simultaneously，Regulated power supply in another termination actuator of resistance R23，The inverting input of comparator A3 connects the negative pole of resistance R21 and Zener diode D21，The other end of resistance R21 and the positive pole of Zener diode D21 ground connection simultaneously，The inverting input of comparator A3 connects trigger element outfan also by electric capacity C21 and is used for receiving excitation shutoff signal，The outfan of comparator A3 is connected to pull-up resistor R24 and output capacitance C23，The pull-up resistor R24 other end connects regulated power supply，The output capacitance C23 other end connects the base stage of resistance R25 and audion Q21，The resistance R25 other end and audion Q21 emitter stage ground connection simultaneously，Audion Q21 colelctor electrode is used for providing the delay triggering signal of Low level effective for trigger element as delay unit outfan；Sampling unit is connected in series between actuator power positive cathode by resistance R1 and R2, and resistance R1 and R2 connects the outfan that node is sample circuit and is connected with trigger element input；Threshold cell is made up of Zener diode D5；Trigger element is made up of audion Q22, resistance R27, power tube Q2 and resistance R26, resistance R26 is connected between the base stage of audion Q22 and power tube Q2 drain electrode, the base stage of audion Q22 is as the input of trigger element, one end of the colelctor electrode of audion Q22 and the grid of power tube Q2 and resistance R27 connects, the other end of resistance R27 connects regulated power supply, the emitter stage of audion Q22 and the source electrode of power tube Q2 ground connection simultaneously, power tube Q2 drain electrode is used for controlling exciting current as trigger element outfan；Afterflow unit is made up of diode D2, and its positive pole connects power tube Q2 drain electrode, negative pole connection adjustor positive source.

Detailed work process described below:

(1) when voltage regulator start powers on, and generator output voltage is lower than setting value, it is easily understood that, owing to the ratio of sampled signal with generator output voltage instantaneous value is equal to the ratio of reference threshold voltage and generator output voltage setting value, and the reference threshold voltage of the present embodiment is equivalent to Zener diode D5 voltage stabilizing value and audion Q22 emitter junction conduction threshold sum, so sampling unit output voltage is lower than Zener diode D5 voltage stabilizing value and audion Q22 emitter junction conduction threshold sum, diode D5 ends；nullPositive source constitutes the charge path of electric capacity C21 by external Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection and resistance R21，Owing to electric capacity two terminal potential can not suddenly change，So powered on moment after start，Power tube Q2 not yet turns on，The inverting input of comparator A3 obtains the power on signal of high potential，The in-phase input end of comparator A3 obtains electronegative potential under the effect of electric capacity C22 simultaneously，Now comparator is output as electronegative potential，Electric capacity C23 two ends potential difference is almost 0，Audion Q21 ends，Along with its lower terminal potential of constantly charging of C21 can be decreased up to as closely current potential，Along with its upper terminal potential of constantly charging of C22 can be raised until being resistance R23 and the R23 partial pressure value to regulated power supply by resistance R23，In the charging process process to two electric capacity，When upper terminal potential lower than C22 of the lower terminal potential of C21，Comparator A3 upset is output as 1，Electric capacity C23 is charged by the current potential of sudden change immediately by audion Q21 emitter junction，It is maximum to electric capacity C23 charging current initial value，Make audion Q21 saturation conduction immediately，Its colelctor electrode output delay triggering signal，Start trigger element is triggered: trigger signal and drag down trigger element audion Q22 base voltage，Audion Q22 is made to end，Regulated power supply provides grid voltage to make power tube Q2 turn on by resistance R27 for power tube Q2，Trigger element upset is power tube Q2 conducting state，Connect exciting current；Owing to electric capacity C23 capacity is only small, its charging process is quickly terminated by comparator A3 outfan, audion Q21 recovers cut-off, the power tube Q2 drain electrode saturation voltage drop emitter junction conduction threshold lower than audion Q1 during conducting, continue through resistance R5 and drag down the base voltage of audion Q1, make audion Q1 cut-off, power tube Q2 conducting, make trigger element be locked at the first stable state of power tube Q2 conducting, connect exciting current；If electromotor continues under-voltage, then exciting current continues.

(2) along with generator operation, when output voltage raises to above the time point in the overvoltage moment equal to setting value, the voltage of the sampled signal voltage stabilizing value higher than threshold cell Zener diode D5 and audion Q22 emitter junction conduction threshold sum, sampled signal exports the first voltage by Zener diode D5 and makes audion Q22 conducting, power tube Q2 cut-off, trigger element overturns, and make trigger element be locked at the second stable state being output as high level by feedback resistance R5, cut off exciting current by power tube Q2；In above-mentioned signal processing flow, go through sampled signal from overvoltage moment time point to the time point that power tube thoroughly ends and made sum flip-flop transition (being typically in few tens of nano-seconds level) of Zener diode D5 conducting, audion Q22 and power tube Q2 two-stage circuit structure；Well below actuator 0.1 millisecond～2 millisecond delay time of prior art, it is almost turned off in synchronization, improves security reliability and the service life of actuator and electromotor.Afterflow unit absorbs the self induction electromotive force of magnet exciting coil when power tube ends.

To sum up, generator output voltage is more than the state of setting value duration and when the pulse of delay unit output does not arrive, trigger element is locked at the second stable state of power tube Q2 cut-off.

(3) along with the load consumption to electric power, when generator output voltage falls below setting value, during the burst pulse of delay unit output does not arrive, now trigger element output high level signal, its power tube Q2 ends, this state locking；

Time delayed signal production process: while above-mentioned power tube Q2 cuts off exciting current, there is a voltage rising edge in actuator excitation con-trol end, this voltage is C21 charging, it is additionally coupled to comparator A3 inverting input, make its current potential partial pressure value higher than its in-phase input end, comparator A3 overturns output low level 0 immediately, and electric capacity C23 discharges over the ground by inside comparator output terminal.Along with C21 is charged, its lower terminal potential can reduce, when falling below the current potential of resistance R22 upper end, comparator A3 overturns again output high level 1, as hereinbefore, through audion Q21 emitter junction, electric capacity C23 is charged, audion Q21 is made to turn on immediately, the output of its colelctor electrode is the time delayed signal to the excitation shutoff signal that power tube ends, its power tube is made to turn on for triggering trigger element, therefore be delay triggering signal, this signal is burst pulse, and narrow pulse signal makes trigger element be flipped open exciting current；After the narrow pulse signal of delay unit output, trigger element is still locked at the second stable state of power tube conducting, and the negative pole of magnet exciting coil is turned on over the ground by the power tube of trigger element, and electromotor recovers excitation.

nullSustained overvoltage is caused if there is due to accumulators store electric energy and the reason such as lighten the load，When the delay triggering signal of delay unit output arrives，Start trigger element to trigger: trigger signal and drag down the base voltage of trigger element audion Q22，Audion Q22 is made to end，Power tube Q2 turns on，Owing to the burst pulse of Time-delayed trigger unit output is pass by immediately，Overvoltage signal triggers trigger element upset again for power tube cut-off state locking，The new excitation shutoff signal that delay unit receives from power tube drain electrode can export again new delay triggering signal through delay time，New delay triggering signal arrival power tube Q2 can turn on again again，Above procedure constantly repeats，Therefore generator output voltage continuous overvoltage state duration，Power tube Q2 conducting Tong Bu with delay triggering signal burst pulse，There is the exciting current of burst pulse in energized circuit，It is referred to as aftercurrent.

Drawn by said process, the cutting-off process of each exciting current is: when generator output voltage arrives be more than or equal to setting value and overvoltage moment, sampling unit real-time sampling generator output voltage value, and signal processing does not have electric capacity cause time delay, namely exciting current is cut off merely through trigger element upset, because of the time delay that the flip-flop transition of circuit causes much smaller than sample circuit RC filter element in prior art, make voltage-regulation accurate, excitation current waveform is neatly agile, reduce power tube switching loss, overvoltage is avoided to endanger, improve the safety of actuator and electromotor, reliability and service life；During the burst pulse of oscillating unit output does not arrive, trigger element output low level state is able to locking, and power tube Q2 ends, even if generator voltage is already below setting value, trigger element will not exit locking voluntarily.The opening process of each exciting current is: delay unit according to power on signal and each time exciting current shutoff signal carry out time delay, when waiting the Time-delayed trigger burst pulse arrival of delay unit, burst pulse makes trigger element upset for excited state and at this state locking, and namely field circuit opens the delay triggering signal and Time-delayed trigger excitation that all begin at delay unit output every time.

This circuit also has power tube and crosses stream and load short circuit protection function: when occurring power tube to cross stream; power tube Q2 conduction voltage drop (Uds) raises; when Uds voltage is increased above audion Q22 emitter junction conduction threshold; positive feedback process through feedback resistance R26; trigger element sharply overturns; power tube Q2 ends immediately and is protected; power tube Q2 drain electrode high potential continues to the base current of audion Q22 through resistance R26, and audion Q22 continues conducting makes trigger element from locking in the second stable state；Hereafter; because not having power on signal and excitation shutoff signal to remove Time delay unit; delay unit will not export triggering signal voluntarily; no matter cross stream or whether short circuit releases; trigger element is constantly in the second stable state; voltage regulator is constantly in the guard mode of power tube cut-off, and only closedown power supply re-powers and actuator just can be made to reclose exciting current.

9th aspect, embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of voltage regulator limiting time-out excitation, as shown in Figure 10, including oscillating unit, sampling unit, threshold cell, trigger element, switch element and afterflow unit；The outfan of oscillating unit is connected with the first input end of trigger element for providing fixed frequency to trigger signal for trigger element, makes trigger element from locking in the first stable state under the effect determining frequency triggering signal；Sampling unit is made up of resistance and/or transistor, voltage between real-time sampling power positive cathode and be connected with the second input of trigger element without the outfan of filter capacitor and be used for providing sampled signal, threshold cell is connected with the first input end of trigger element and is used for providing reference threshold voltage, when sampled signal voltage is be more than or equal to reference threshold voltage, trigger element is from locking in the second stable state；The outfan of trigger element is connected with the first end of switch element, the excitation con-trol end that the second end is voltage regulator of switch element and being connected with afterflow unit, and the other end of afterflow unit connects the positive source of voltage regulator, the 3rd end ground connection of switch element；Trigger element connects exciting current by switch element when being in the first stable state, cuts off exciting current by switch element when being in the second stable state.

As shown in figure 11, the plus earth of Zener diode D3, resistance R4 is connected between Zener diode D3 negative pole and actuator positive source, electric capacity C1 is in parallel with Zener diode D3, and namely resistance R4, Zener diode D3 and electric capacity C1 constitute regulated power supply for providing stable voltage for oscillating unit, comparing unit, trigger element；Sampling unit is connected in series between power positive cathode by resistance R1 and R2, and positive source exports with the power supply of electromotor and is connected, and power cathode is connected with the minus earth of electromotor；Trigger element is made up of voltage comparator A1 and feedback resistance R5, and resistance R5 is connected between in-phase input end and the outfan of comparator A1, and comparator A1 and regulated power supply and ground connect respectively；The node that connects of resistance R1, R2 is that the outfan of sample circuit is connected with the inverting input of comparator A1；Threshold cell is made up of Zener diode D1, the plus earth of Zener diode D1, and the negative pole of Zener diode D1 is connected with the in-phase input end of comparator A1 as the outfan of threshold cell；Oscillating unit is connected respectively with regulated power supply and ground, and oscillating unit outfan is connected with the in-phase input end of comparator A1 for providing the triggering narrow pulse signal of the effective fixed frequency of high level i.e. fixed frequency to trigger signal for trigger element；Switch element includes power field effect pipe Q2, the grid of power tube Q2 is connected, as the first end of switch element, the output signal being used for receiving trigger element with the outfan of trigger element, power tube source electrode is as the 3rd end ground connection of switch element, and power tube drain electrode is connected with the diode D2 positive pole of afterflow unit and is used for controlling exciter current of generator as excitation con-trol end；The negative pole of diode D2 connects positive source.

Detailed work process described below:

(1) when generator output voltage is lower than setting value, it is easily understood that, owing to the ratio of sampled signal with generator output voltage instantaneous value is equal to the ratio of reference threshold voltage and generator output voltage setting value, so the voltage on the divider node of sampling resistor R1 and R2 is lower than the reference voltage of threshold cell.

If comparator A1 exports high level 1, the high level of comparator A1 output obtains stable reference threshold voltage through resistance R5 at Zener diode D1 negative pole, sampled signal voltage is lower than the reference threshold voltage of threshold cell, namely the anti-phase input terminal voltage of comparator A1 is lower than its in-phase input end voltage, and it is steady statue that comparator A1 exports high level 1；

If comparator A1 output low level 0, when the burst pulse of oscillating unit output does not arrive, comparator in-phase input end is drawn as low level through resistance R5 by its outfan, and its voltage is lower than the signal voltage of sampling unit, and comparator A1 is output as low level 0 and stable in this state；nullWhen the burst pulse of oscillating unit output arrives，Trigger element is triggered: narrow pulse signal raises comparator in-phase input end current potential，Its voltage is higher than the signal voltage of sampling unit，And the width of burst pulse overturns required time (owing to the flip-flop transition of comparator is extremely short more than comparator A1，It is typically in nanosecond to tens of microseconds level，Corresponding burst pulse can be very narrow，The dutycycle of frequency triggers pulse that what it was shared determine is just only small，Ensure reliably to trigger)，Comparator A1 overturns，It is output as high level 1，After the narrow pulse signal of oscillating unit output，By resistance R5 through the reference voltage of Zener diode D1 voltage stabilizing higher than the signal voltage of under-voltage condition down-sampling circuit，Trigger element output high level signal is made to be able to locking，Namely trigger element is stable in the first stable state，And by power tube Q2, the negative pole of magnet exciting coil is turned on over the ground，Owing to the positive pole of magnet exciting coil is connected with positive source always，So exciting current occurs，Electromotor is able to excitation；If electromotor continues under-voltage, then exciting current continues.

(2) along with generator operation, its output voltage gradually rises, when generator output voltage is be more than or equal to setting value, and the forward burst pulse determining frequency triggering signal of oscillating unit output does not arrive, voltage on the divider node of sampling unit resistance R1 and R2 is higher than the reference voltage value of threshold cell, from overvoltage moment time point, go through the anti-phase input terminal voltage voltage higher than its in-phase input end of comparator A1, comparator A1 output low level 0, and make trigger element be locked at by resistance R5 to be output as low level the second stable state, by the power tube Q2 cut-out exciting current ended；In above-mentioned signal processing flow, from the time point that overvoltage moment time point thoroughly ends to power tube, go through sum flip-flop transition (be typically in nanosecond to Microsecond grade) of comparator A1 and this two circuit structure of power tube Q2, retardation relative to prior art 0.1 millisecond～2 milliseconds, the time delay of this circuit is much smaller than the controller lag time of prior art, produce overvoltage time-out excitation hardly, improve security reliability and the service life of actuator and electromotor.Afterflow unit absorbs the self induction electromotive force that magnet exciting coil produces when power tube ends.

When output voltage continues to press and do not arrive more than the burst pulse of setting value and oscillating unit, power tube Q2 continues to end.

If there is sustained overvoltage, when the forward burst pulse determining frequency triggering signal arrives, start trigger element to trigger: trigger signal and raise comparator A1 in-phase input end voltage, make comparator A1 upset output high level 1, power tube Q2 turns on, but burst pulse is pass by immediately, sampled signal is higher than reference threshold voltage, make again trigger element upset for output low level 0, control power tube Q2 cut-off, just can again turn on until next fixed frequency triggers pulse arrival, during generator output voltage continuous overvoltage, power tube Q2 conducting Tong Bu with fixed frequency triggering signal burst pulse, there is burst pulse exciting current in energized circuit, i.e. aftercurrent.

(3) along with the load consumption to electric power, when generator output voltage falls below setting value, during the burst pulse of oscillating unit output does not arrive, comparator A1 output low level, now trigger element output low level signal is able to locking；

When the burst pulse of oscillating unit output arrives, narrow pulse signal makes comparator A1 be output as high level 1, and exciting current is connected in power tube Q2 conducting；After narrow pulse signal, it is able to locking owing to trigger element exports high level state by feedback resistance R5, namely stable in the first stable state, so electromotor is able to continuous excitation.

Drawn by said process, the cutting-off process of each exciting current is: when generator output voltage arrives be more than or equal to setting value and overvoltage moment, sampling unit real-time sampling generator output voltage, and signal processing does not have electric capacity to cause temporal delay, namely exciting current is cut off merely through trigger element upset, the time delay that in sampling much smaller than prior art because of the flip-flop transition of circuit, circuit RC filter element causes, excitation is made to cut off rapidly, regulate precisely, excitation current waveform is neatly agile, reduce power tube switching loss, overvoltage is avoided to endanger, improve the safety of actuator and electromotor, reliability and service life；During the burst pulse of oscillating unit output does not arrive, now trigger element output low level signal is able to locking, and power tube Q2 ends, even if generator voltage is already below setting value, trigger element will not exit locking voluntarily.The opening process of each exciting current is: when determining frequency triggering burst pulse arrival of oscillating unit, and trigger element upset is excited state, and namely the unlatching of each excitation all begins at and determines frequency triggering signal, therefore, during electromotor normal regulating, for determining frequency triggering excitation.

Embodiment of above is merely to illustrate the present invention; and it is not limitation of the present invention; those of ordinary skill about technical field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all equivalent technical schemes fall within scope of the invention, and the scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. the voltage adjusting method limiting time-out excitation, it is characterised in that include step:

SA4: described trigger element is triggered by described first voltage, make described trigger element overturn rapidly under described first voltage effect and certainly lock in the second stable state and cut off exciting current by power device, and the flip-flop transition of described trigger element and described power device turn-off time are less than 1 microsecond；；

2. the voltage adjusting method limiting time-out excitation, it is characterised in that include step:

3. the voltage adjusting method limiting time-out excitation, it is characterised in that include step:

4. the generator voltage controller adopting voltage adjusting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that include oscillating unit, sampling unit, threshold cell, comparing unit, trigger element, switch element and afterflow unit；The outfan of described oscillating unit is connected with the first input end of trigger element to be used for providing determines frequency triggering signal, sampling unit include resistance and/or transistor for provide time delay the sampled signal less than 1 microsecond, described sampling unit is connected respectively with power positive cathode, described sampling unit outfan is connected with the first input end of comparing unit, threshold cell is connected with the second input of described comparing unit and is used for providing reference threshold voltage, the outfan of described comparing unit is connected for providing the first voltage when described sampled signal voltage is be more than or equal to described reference threshold voltage with the second input of trigger element, the outfan of described trigger element is connected with the first end of switch element, the excitation con-trol end that second end is voltage regulator of described switch element and being connected with afterflow unit；When described voltage regulator is for external earth electromotor, the other end of described afterflow unit connects the positive source of generator voltage controller, the 3rd end ground connection of described switch element；When described voltage regulator is for interior bonding electromotor, the other end ground connection of described afterflow unit and the power cathode of voltage regulator, the positive source of the 3rd termination voltage actuator of described switch element；Making described trigger element also certainly lock in the first stable state when not receiving described first voltage under the effect of described delay triggering signal and connect exciting current by described switch element, described trigger element certainly locks in the second stable state and by described switch element cut-out exciting current under described first voltage effect.

5. the generator voltage controller adopting voltage adjusting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that include delay unit, sampling unit, threshold cell, comparing unit, trigger element, switch element and afterflow unit；The outfan of described delay unit is connected for providing delay triggering signal for described trigger element with the first input end of trigger element, sampling unit include resistance and/or transistor for provide time delay the sampled signal less than 1 microsecond, described sampling unit is connected respectively with power positive cathode, described sampling unit outfan is connected with the first input end of comparing unit, threshold cell is connected with the second input of described comparing unit and is used for providing reference threshold voltage, the outfan of described comparing unit is connected for providing the first voltage when described sampled signal voltage is be more than or equal to described reference threshold voltage with the second input of trigger element, the outfan of described trigger element is connected with the first end of switch element, the excitation con-trol end that second end is generator voltage controller of described switch element and being connected with afterflow unit；When described generator voltage controller is for external earth electromotor, the other end of described afterflow unit connects the positive source of generator voltage controller, the 3rd end ground connection of described switch element；When described generator voltage controller is for interior bonding electromotor, the other end ground connection of described afterflow unit and the power cathode of generator voltage controller, the positive source of the 3rd termination generator voltage controller of described switch element；Making described trigger element also certainly lock in the first stable state when not receiving described first voltage under the effect of described delay triggering signal and connect exciting current by described switch element, described trigger element certainly locks in the second stable state and by described switch element cut-out exciting current under described first voltage effect.

6. the generator voltage controller adopting voltage adjusting method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that include oscillating unit, sampling unit, threshold cell, comparing unit, trigger element and afterflow unit；The outfan of described oscillating unit is connected with the input of trigger element for providing fixed frequency to trigger signal for described trigger element, makes described trigger element from locking in the first stable state under the effect that described fixed frequency triggers signal；Sampling unit include resistance and/or transistor for provide time delay the sampled signal less than 1 microsecond, described sampling unit is connected respectively with power positive cathode, described sampling unit outfan is connected with the first input end of comparing unit, threshold cell is connected with the second input of described comparing unit and is used for providing reference threshold voltage, the outfan of described comparing unit is connected for providing the first voltage when described sampled signal voltage is be more than or equal to described reference threshold voltage with the input of trigger element, make described trigger element from locking in the second stable state under described first voltage effect；The outfan of described trigger element is the excitation con-trol end of voltage regulator and is connected with afterflow unit；When described generator voltage controller is for external earth electromotor, the other end of described afterflow unit connects the positive source of generator voltage controller, the 3rd end ground connection of described trigger element；When described generator voltage controller is for interior bonding electromotor, the other end ground connection of described afterflow unit and the power cathode of generator voltage controller, the positive source of the 3rd termination generator voltage controller of described trigger element, described trigger element connects exciting current by its power device when being in the first stable state, cuts off exciting current by its power device when being in the second stable state.

7. the generator voltage controller adopting voltage adjusting method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that include oscillating unit, sampling unit, threshold cell, trigger element and afterflow unit；The outfan of described oscillating unit is connected with the input of trigger element for providing fixed frequency to trigger signal for described trigger element, makes described trigger element from locking in the first stable state under the effect that described fixed frequency triggers signal；Sampling unit include resistance and/or transistor for provide time delay the sampled signal less than 1 microsecond, described sampling unit is connected respectively with power positive cathode, described sampling unit outfan is connected for providing the first voltage when described sampled signal voltage is be more than or equal to described reference threshold voltage with the input of trigger element by threshold cell, makes described trigger element from locking in the second stable state under described first voltage effect；The outfan of described trigger element is the excitation con-trol end of voltage regulator and is connected with afterflow unit；When described voltage regulator is for external earth electromotor, the other end of described afterflow unit connects the positive source of voltage regulator, the 3rd end ground connection of described trigger element；When described voltage regulator is for interior bonding electromotor, the other end ground connection of described afterflow unit and the power cathode of voltage regulator, the positive source of the 3rd termination voltage actuator of described trigger element, described trigger element connects exciting current by power device when being in the first stable state, cuts off exciting current by power device when being in the second stable state.

8. the generator voltage controller adopting voltage adjusting method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that include delay unit, sampling unit, threshold cell, trigger element and afterflow unit；The outfan of described delay unit is connected with the input of trigger element for providing delay triggering signal for described trigger element, makes described trigger element from locking in the first stable state under the effect of described delay triggering signal；Sampling unit include resistance and/or transistor for provide time delay the sampled signal less than 1 microsecond, described sampling unit is connected respectively with power positive cathode, described sampling unit outfan is connected for providing the first voltage when described sampled signal voltage is be more than or equal to described reference threshold voltage with the input of described trigger element by threshold cell, makes described trigger element from locking in the second stable state under described first voltage effect；Described trigger element outfan is connected with the input of delay unit, and for providing excitation shutoff signal and actuator power on signal for delay unit, described trigger element outfan is the excitation con-trol end of generator voltage controller and is connected with afterflow unit；When described voltage regulator is for external earth electromotor, the other end of described afterflow unit connects the positive source of voltage regulator, the 3rd end ground connection of described trigger element；When described voltage regulator is for interior bonding electromotor, the other end ground connection of described afterflow unit and the power cathode of voltage regulator, the positive source of the 3rd termination voltage actuator of described trigger element, described trigger element connects exciting current by power device when being in the first stable state, cuts off exciting current by power device when being in the second stable state.

9. the generator voltage controller adopting voltage adjusting method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that include oscillating unit, sampling unit, threshold cell, trigger element, switch element and afterflow unit；The outfan of described oscillating unit is connected with the first input end of trigger element for providing fixed frequency to trigger signal for described trigger element, makes described trigger element from locking in the first stable state under the effect that described fixed frequency triggers signal；Sampling unit include resistance and/or transistor for provide time delay the sampled signal less than 1 microsecond, described sampling unit is connected respectively with power positive cathode, described sampling unit outfan is connected with the second input of trigger element and is used for providing described sampled signal, threshold cell is connected with the first input end of described trigger element and is used for providing described reference threshold voltage, when described sampled signal voltage is be more than or equal to described reference threshold voltage, described trigger element is from locking in the second stable state；The outfan of described trigger element is connected with the first end of switch element, the excitation con-trol end that second end is voltage regulator of described switch element and being connected with afterflow unit, when described voltage regulator is for external earth electromotor, the other end of described afterflow unit connects the positive source of voltage regulator, the 3rd end ground connection of described switch element；When described voltage regulator is for interior bonding electromotor, the other end ground connection of described afterflow unit and the power cathode of voltage regulator, the positive source of the 3rd termination voltage actuator of described switch element, described trigger element connects exciting current by described switch element when being in the first stable state, cuts off exciting current by described switch element when being in the second stable state.