CN105771617A - 一种烟气的脱硫脱硝方法 - Google Patents
一种烟气的脱硫脱硝方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105771617A CN105771617A CN201610164030.5A CN201610164030A CN105771617A CN 105771617 A CN105771617 A CN 105771617A CN 201610164030 A CN201610164030 A CN 201610164030A CN 105771617 A CN105771617 A CN 105771617A
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- flue gas
- desulfurization
- carbonate
- efficient
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- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 19
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 16
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- -1 bicine diester Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfite Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])=O GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 235000010261 calcium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002089 NOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000275012 Sesbania cannabina Species 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJEIYVAPNMUNIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].OC(O)=O Chemical compound [Na].OC(O)=O WJEIYVAPNMUNIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DXFPFMUNUDLNNU-UHFFFAOYSA-L [O-]C([O-])=O.OC(O)=O.S.[Ca+2] Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O.OC(O)=O.S.[Ca+2] DXFPFMUNUDLNNU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007998 bicine buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000074 biopharmaceutical Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/60—Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/041—Oxides or hydroxides
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- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/043—Carbonates or bicarbonates, e.g. limestone, dolomite, aragonite
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- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种高效的脱硫脱硝材料,包括氢氧化钙、碳酸钙、氢氧化镁、碳酸镁、碳酸钠或碳酸氢钠中的至少一种,加入粘结剂0.1‑10wt%,加入材料总重量5‑10%的硅藻土或者高岭土,加入材料总重量0.2‑1%的二氧化铈。本发明提供的高效的脱硫脱硝材料脱硫原理是将二氧化硫氧化成三氧化硫然后再进行脱硫反应,生成硫酸钙或者其他硫酸根的化合物,该化合物不再需要二次处理,对环境无害,所以本方法能从根本上决绝烟气脱硫的后续污染物的排放,对环境友好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及脱硫领域,特别是一种烟气高效的脱硫脱硝方法及使用的材料。
背景技术
常用的湿法脱硫如热电厂脱硫的石灰石-石膏法、氢氧化钠-石灰浆(或氢氧化镁)等方法,装置较复杂,操作能耗很高,产生废水需要处理,而且导致其他的二次污染,比较麻烦,直接搬用到焦化炉烟气脱硫处理可能难以达标。也有往循环流化床锅炉喷碳酸钙除硫的做法(通常意义上的干法脱硫),但这种方法处理效果较差。
传统的湿法用中石灰浆(采用氢氧化钠+石灰的双碱法,以及氢氧化镁,原理则相同)与烟气中的SO2反应生成亚硫酸钙(双碱法先通过氢氧化钠反应,后者与石灰浆反应成为亚硫酸钙并还原出氢氧化钠。氢氧化钠溶液反复使用。净的反应为氢氧化钙与二氧化硫反应生成亚硫酸钙);传统的干法脱硫是粉煤用循环流化床锅炉中随煤粉喷入碳酸钙进入锅炉燃烧室,碳酸钙分解生成氧化钙,后者跟一部分硫氧化物生成硫酸钙;而罗氏干法脱硫简单地使用石灰或氢氧化镁及氧化催化剂,其中催化剂氧化SO2成为SO3,后者跟石灰反应成为硫酸钙或者与氢氧化镁反应生成硫酸镁/硫酸氢镁等。
传统干法脱硫:CaCO3→CaO+CO2SOx+CaO→CaSO4
传统湿法脱硫:SO2+Ca(OH)2→CaSO3+H2O。
据检索,发现如下与本申请相关的专利文献,具体公开内容如下:
1、专利文献CN103816766A公开一种复合脱硫脱硝剂,属于工业气体净化技术领域,所述复合脱硫脱硝剂按照如下步骤制成:将尿素40-50重量份、碳酸钠60-80重量份、EDTA合铁0.2-0.8重量份、助吸收剂0.2-0.8份、双硬脂酰基二乙烯三胺0.5-0.8重量份混合,其中,EDTA合铁、助吸收剂、表面活性剂重量之和大于1.2重量份,加入去离子水700-900重量份,搅拌均匀,加入适量氢氧化钠,调节pH为10-12。本发明用于常温常压下高价氮氧化物和二氧化硫的脱除,对二氧化氮的吸收率在95%以上,对二氧化硫的吸收率在90%以上,其吸收速度快、效率高。
2、专利文献CN1919447涉及环保新材料技术领域,为一种烟气脱硫脱硝材料的制备方法,将含有二价金属铜、镁、锌和多价金属离子铝、铁、钴的混合液同氢氧化钠和碳酸钠溶液采用并流方法共沉淀形成类水滑石材料,然后,通过打浆混入高岭土、硅胶、拟薄水铝石、铝胶,再加入田菁粉和或甲基纤维素,制成成型载体,煅烧制得烟气脱硫脱硝材料;烟气脱硫脱硝材料反复再生使用的处理方法是:对氮氧化物饱和吸附后的吸附材料进行吸收液脱硝再生,制得稀硝酸;对二氧化硫饱和吸附后的吸附材料进行氢气还原脱硫再生,制得硫磺。
3、专利文献CN102824844A公开了一种脱硫脱硝剂、制备方法及其用途,所述脱硫脱硝剂是纳米级材料,包括以下组分:MgO、SiO2、CaO、Fe2O3、Al2O3、CuO、和MnO2,任选地包括强氧化剂KMnO4。使用本发明的纳米级脱硫脱硝剂,可在烟气脱硫过程中同步脱除NOX,脱硫脱硝效率高。
上述专利的脱硫剂成分较复杂,使用要求较高,不适合大规模推广使用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足之处,提供一种烟气高效的脱硫脱硝方法及使用的材料,本材料具有脱硫效率高,投资及操作成本均比较低,不产生二次污染,容易处理达标。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:
一种高效的脱硫脱硝材料,成分及百分比含量如下:氢氧化钙、碳酸钙、氢氧化镁、碳酸镁、碳酸钠或碳酸氢钠中的至少一种,加入粘结剂0.1-10wt%,加入材料总重量5-10%的硅藻土或者高岭土,加入材料总重量0.2-1%的二氧化铈。
而且,所述粘结剂为铝溶胶。
一种高效的脱硫脱硝材料的制备方法,步骤如下
⑴将上述材料混合均匀,加入水,搅拌混合均匀;
⑵将上述加水后的混合物加入捏合机捏合,进行均匀分散和捏合;
⑶混合材料捏合后进行干燥成型。
而且,所述干燥成型的形状可以是条形、规则外形颗粒、不规则外形颗粒,在颗粒中制有通孔。
一种烟气高效的脱硫脱硝方法,将烟气通过装有上述材料的装置中,让烟气通过材料后,将烟气中的硫和硝脱除。
本发明的优点和积极效果是:
1、本发明提供的高效的脱硫脱硝材料具有脱硫效率高,投资及操作成本均比较低,不产生二次污染,容易处理达标。
2、本发明提供的高效的脱硫脱硝材料脱硫原理是将二氧化硫氧化成三氧化硫然后再进行脱硫反应,生成硫酸钙或者其他硫酸根的化合物,该化合物不再需要二次处理,对环境无害,所以本方法能从根本上决绝烟气脱硫的后续污染物的排放,对环境友好。
3、本发明提供的高效的脱硫脱硝材料在使用时仅仅需要一个烟气吸收塔的设备,将烟气按照烟道设计通过脱除装置即可,不需要对烟气进行前、后的处理,烟气进行吸附脱硫后,直接排放,操作非常简单、便捷;同时材料更换方便、处理能力大,不需要频繁的更换材料,省时省力。
4、本发明提供的高效的脱硫脱硝材料可以制作成颗粒状的产品,运输和储存都十分方便,给用户提供较大的方便,同时工艺及其简单,只有一个烟气吸收系统,不用水亦不产生废水,无运动部件故不易出故障,脱硫效果稳定并容易调节。
5、本发明提供的高效的脱硫脱硝材料在广泛的温度范围均有良好的脱除效果,即使温度0度时,其脱除效率亦在80%以上。随温度上升而脱硫效率有上升的趋势。各温度下脱硫效率很容易达到90%及90%以上。
6、本发明提供的高效的脱硫脱硝材料含有硅藻土或者高岭土,能够增加材料的比表面积,增加烟气的脱硫效率。还加入材料总重量0.2-1%的二氧化铈,能够进一步提高脱硫效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明材料二氧化硫脱除实验,进气速率为11000h-1,气体成分为:750mg/m3SO2,5%O2+N2;
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步详述,以下实施例只是描述性的,不是限定性的,不能以此限定本发明的保护范围。
本发明材料的脱硫原理如下:
干法脱硫:SO2+[O]→SO3SO3+Ca(OH)2→CaSO4+H2O
一种高效的脱硫脱硝材料,成分及百分比含量如下:
主材:氢氧化钙、碳酸钙、氢氧化镁、碳酸镁、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠
粘结剂:0-10wt%铝溶胶(三氧化二铝溶胶)还可以选用其他种类的粘结剂
还可以加入材料总重量5-10%的硅藻土或者高岭土,再加入材料总重量0.2-1%的二氧化铈,还可加入二氧化硅1-5%,能够增加材料之间的粘结力。
上述材料的制备方法如下:
⑴将上述材料混合均匀,加入粉末种类的50-100%的水,搅拌混合均匀;
⑵将上述加水后的混合物加入捏合机30-60min,进行均匀分散和捏合;
⑶混合材料捏合后加入挤条机,进行挤条;
⑷挤条后干燥成型,直径0.5-1.5cm的条棒或者颗粒。
⑸上述方法中⑶和⑷或者采用模拟移动床或固定床的气固反应,制成颗粒状产品,粒度大概在0.5-1.5cm3。
上述的材料的处理能力为50-100mg/m3,烟气通过量为1000-3000m3/h。
实施例1
一种高效的脱硫脱硝材料,成分及百分比含量如下:
主材:89wt%氢氧化镁或碳酸镁
粘结剂:6wt%铝溶胶
硅藻土或高岭土5%
上述材料的制备方法如下:
⑴将上述材料混合均匀,加入粉末种类的80%的水,搅拌混合均匀;
⑵将上述加水后的混合物加入捏合机60min,进行均匀分散和捏合;
⑶混合材料捏合后加入挤条机,进行挤条;
⑷挤条后干燥成型,直径0.5-1.5cm的条棒或者颗粒。
上述的材料的处理能力为65mg/m3,烟气通过量为2900m3/h。
实施例3
一种高效的脱硫脱硝材料,成分及百分比含量如下:
主材:91wt%碳酸氢钠
粘结剂:8wt%铝溶胶
二氧化铈:1%
上述材料的制备方法如下:
⑴将上述材料混合均匀,加入粉末种类的80%的水,搅拌混合均匀;
⑵将上述加水后的混合物加入捏合机60min,进行均匀分散和捏合;
⑶混合材料捏合后加入挤条机,进行挤条;
⑷挤条后干燥成型,直径0.5-1.5cm的条棒或者颗粒。
实施例4
一种高效的脱硫脱硝材料,成分及百分比含量如下:
主材:94.5%氢氧化钙(或碳酸钙)
硅藻土或高岭土:5%
二氧化铈:0.5%
上述材料的制备方法如下:
⑴将上述材料混合均匀,加入粉末种类的80%的水,搅拌混合均匀;
⑵将上述加水后的混合物加入捏合机60min,进行均匀分散和捏合;
⑶混合材料捏合后加入挤条机,进行挤条;
⑷挤条后干燥成型,直径0.5-1.5cm的条棒或者颗粒。
上述的材料的处理能力为80mg/m3,烟气通过量为3000m3/h。
实施例5
一种高效的脱硫脱硝材料,成分及重量百分比含量如下:
主材:93.5wt%氢氧化钙(或碳酸钙)
硅藻土或高岭土5%
二氧化铈:0.5%
二氧化硅:1%
上述材料的制备方法如下:
⑴将上述材料混合均匀,加入粉末种类的80%的水,搅拌混合均匀;
⑵将上述加水后的混合物加入捏合机60min,进行均匀分散和捏合;
⑶混合材料捏合后加入挤条机,进行挤条;
⑷挤条后干燥成型,直径0.5-1.5cm的条棒或者颗粒。
上述的材料的处理能力为85mg/m3,烟气通过量为3000m3/h。
本发明还采用同样的脱硫条件对本方法和现有的方法进行了对比,两种对比结果如下:
表1不同方法技术缺点对比
表2投资运行成本比较-技术成本优势强(10万立方米/小时风量典型锅炉器)
表3采用实施例3和4的材料进行脱硫脱硝的检测结果
表4采用实施例3和2的材料进行脱硫脱硝的检测结果
应用实施例
1、天津康婷生物制药2t/h天然气锅炉脱硝,不使用氨气或尿素。NOx排放从120mg/m3以上到低于30mg/m3,运行温度范围可以从室温到300C。运行成本接近零。
2、廊坊耀邦热力35t/h燃煤锅炉脱硫脱硝一体化,烟气温度50-80℃,SOx及NOx浓度从双双400mg/m3,以上分别降低到10-30及70-140mg/m3。
Claims (5)
1.一种高效的脱硫脱硝材料,其特征在于:成分及百分比含量如下:氢氧化钙、碳酸钙、氢氧化镁、碳酸镁、碳酸钠或碳酸氢钠中的至少一种,加入粘结剂0.1-10wt%,加入材料总重量5-10%的硅藻土或者高岭土,加入材料总重量0.2-1%的二氧化铈。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高效的脱硫脱硝材料,其特征在于:所述粘结剂为铝溶胶。
3.一种权利要求1所述的高效的脱硫脱硝材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤如下
⑴将上述材料混合均匀,加入水,搅拌混合均匀;
⑵将上述加水后的混合物加入捏合机捏合,进行均匀分散和捏合;
⑶混合材料捏合后进行干燥成型。
4.根据权利要求3所述的高效的脱硫脱硝材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述干燥成型的形状可以是条形、规则外形颗粒、不规则外形颗粒,在颗粒中制有通孔。
5.一种烟气高效的脱硫脱硝方法,其特征在于:将烟气通过装有权利要求1-2之一所述的材料的装置中,让烟气通过材料后,将烟气中的硫和硝脱除。
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