CN105769359B - Bioactive glass fiber dental implant - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a bioactive glass fiber dental implant. The bioactive fiberglass dental implant comprises a fixture for osseointegration with the jawbone or skull, and a peripheral joint connected to the fixture and used for connecting and supporting a dental abutment of a dental prosthesis, The fixing and peripheral joints are made of reinforced fiber resin, the fibers in the reinforcing fiber resin form a fiber weave structure, which includes a central fiber shaft passing straight through the fiber weave structure and a plurality of braided fibers interlaced around the central fiber shaft Shaft, each fiber in the reinforced fiber resin has one or more layers. The bioactive glass fiber dental implant of the present invention has a fiber weaving structure and can simultaneously have high tensile strength and dentin elasticity.

Description

Bioactive Fiberglass Dental Implants

technical field

The present invention relates to a dental implant, in particular to a bioactive glass fiber dental implant.

Background technique

A dental implant (also called an intraosseous implant or fixture) is a surgical procedure that engages the jawbone or skull to support a dental prosthesis such as a crown, bridge, denture, or facial prosthesis. component, or as an orthodontic retainer. Today, dental implants are based on a biological process called osseointegration, in which materials such as titanium form an intimate bond with bone. Implant fixtures are placed first for osseointegration, and then the dental prosthesis is attached. A variable healing time is required before the dental prosthesis (teeth, bridge, denture) contacts the implant, or before the abutments supporting the dental prosthesis are placed.

Dental implants are primarily used to support dental prostheses. Dental implants today enable the biological process of osseointegration and bone fastening fused to specific materials such as titanium or ceramics. The integration of dental implants and bone can support physical loads without failure for a decade.

For individual tooth replacements, the implanted abutment is first secured to the dental implant with an abutment screw. The crown (dental prosthesis) is then attached to the abutment with dental cement, small screws, or fused to the abutment during crown fabrication. Likewise, dental implants can also be used by way of fixed bridges or removable dentures to maintain multiple dental prostheses.

In part, the long-term success of dental implants is defined by the strength they can hold. When the dental implant has no periodontal ligament, there is no sense of pressure when occlusal, so the force generated will be higher. To counteract these forces, the position of the dental implant must evenly distribute the forces to the prosthesis it supports. Stress concentrations can cause fractures of denture frameworks and implant components, or loss of bone adjacent to dental implants. The fundamental position of a dental implant is determined by biological factors (bone type, vital structure, health) as well as mechanical factors.

Therefore, the design of dental implants must provide high tensile strength and dentin elasticity similar to natural teeth to cope with the real-life use of the human oral cavity. Titanium or zirconia (ceramics) are widely used as dental implants due to their high tensile strength. However, titanium or zirconia (ceramic) materials lack dentin elasticity and tend to shatter on impact.

Therefore, innovative designs of dental implants are needed to provide life cycle sustainability for real life use.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above shortcomings and deficiencies, the object of the present invention is to provide a bioactive glass fiber dental implant, which is a bioactive glass fiber dental implant with fiber material and structure.

The present invention provides a bioactive fiberglass dental implant comprising: a fixture for osseointegration with the jaw or skull; and

a peripheral joint, connected to said fixture, for connecting and supporting the abutment of the dental prosthesis,

The fixing part and the peripheral joint part are made of reinforced fiber resin, and the fibers in the reinforced fiber resin form a fiber weaving structure; the above-mentioned reinforced fiber resin refers to a material that fixes fibers in the resin.

According to the bioactive glass fiber dental implant of the present invention, the fiber weaving structure comprises:

a central fiber axis running straight through the fiber weave; and

A plurality of braided fiber shafts are staggered around the central fiber shaft.

According to the bioactive glass fiber dental implant of the present invention, the fibers in the reinforced fiber resin are multilayer fibers.

According to the bioactive glass fiber dental implant of the present invention, the multi-layer fiber includes a core layer and a shell layer, and the shell layer surrounds the peripheral surface of the core layer,

Or the multilayer fiber includes a core layer, an intermediate layer, and a shell layer, the intermediate layer surrounds the peripheral surface of the core layer, and the shell layer surrounds the peripheral surface of the intermediate layer.

According to the bioactive glass fiber dental implant of the present invention, the outer surface of the shell layer has a point-like coating.

According to the bioactive glass fiber dental implant of the present invention, at least one layer of the multi-layer fibers is made of biologically inert materials, and at least one layer of the multi-layer fibers is made of bioactive materials production.

According to the bioactive fiberglass dental implant of the present invention, the bioinert material is bioinert glass fiber.

According to the bioactive glass fiber dental implant of the present invention, the bioactive material is bioactive glass, collagen, hydroxide apatite, or calcium phosphate.

According to the bioactive glass fiber dental implant of the present invention, each layer of the multi-layer fibers is formed by circular long fibers, hexagonal long fibers, or strip long fibers.

According to the bioactive glass fiber dental implant of the present invention, the thermal expansion coefficient of each layer of the multilayer fiber decreases layer by layer from the inner layer to the outer layer.

According to the biologically active glass fiber dental implant of the present invention, the reinforcing fiber resin is biologically inert reinforcing fiber resin.

According to the bioactive glass fiber dental implant of the present invention, the reinforcing fiber resin is a biodegradable reinforcing fiber resin.

According to the bioactive glass fiber dental implant of the present invention, the reinforcing fiber resin is a thermosetting reinforcing fiber resin.

According to the bioactive glass fiber dental implant of the present invention, the reinforcing fiber resin is a thermoplastic reinforcing fiber resin.

Specifically, the present invention provides a bioactive fiberglass dental implant comprising: a fixture for osseointegration with the jaw or skull; and

a peripheral joint, connected to said fixture, for connecting and supporting the abutment of the dental prosthesis,

Wherein, the fixing part and the peripheral joint part are made of reinforced fiber resin, and the fibers in the reinforced fiber resin form a fiber weaving structure, so that the bioactive glass fiber dental implant can simultaneously have high tensile strength and dentin elasticity . That is, fiber braided structures are better than conventional monolithic structures for concentrated stress on dental implants, and fractures can be avoided by using fiber braided structures.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the fiber weave structure includes a central fiber shaft and a plurality of braided fiber shafts. The central fiber axis runs straight through the fiber weave structure, while the braided fiber axis alternates around the central fiber axis. The central fiber shaft acts as a support member to provide additional anchorage to the braided fiber shaft. Thus, with such a central reinforcement mechanism, the central fiber axis has a higher tensile strength in this direction than with conventional cross-braiding mechanisms. In addition to round fibers, each fiber can be hexagonal to provide higher tensile strength. In a particular embodiment of the invention, each fiber has only one layer, which may be formed from bioactive fibers, such as bioactive glass fibers, collagen, hydroxide apatite, or calcium phosphate. Alternatively, the fibers may also be made of x-ray opaque bioinert glass fibers or bioinert materials. When a bioactive fiberglass dental implant is implanted, the osseointegration process can begin between the bioactive fiberglass dental implant and the bone. In other words, the osseointegration process can start between the fibers of the bioactive fiberglass dental implant and the bone. Because the fibers of bioactive fiberglass dental implants contain bioactive materials, the fiber weaving method can provide tighter osseointegration compared to traditional coating methods.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fibers in the reinforced fiber resin may be multi-layer fibers, and the thermal expansion coefficient of each layer of the multi-layer fibers decreases layer by layer from the inner layer to the outer layer. For example, each fiber includes a core layer and a shell layer. The shell layer surrounds the peripheral surface of the core layer and has a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the core layer. Due to the natural nature of fiber mechanics, the benefit of such an arrangement for the fiber shaft is that it can withstand high tension, thus providing a high tensile strength bioactive fiberglass dental implant. High tensile strength is important for bioactive fiberglass dental implants because bioactive fiberglass dental implants are frequently used and the direction of external force applied thereto is inconsistent. Each layer of multiple layers of fibers may be formed of round long fibers, hexagonal long fibers, or strip-shaped long fibers. In this embodiment, the core layer may be formed of round long fibers or hexagonal long fibers, and the shell layer may be formed of round long fibers, hexagonal long fibers, or strip long fibers to reinforce the fibers The strength of the braided structure. At least one of the layers of fibers is made of a biologically inert material, and at least one of the layers of fibers is made of a bioactive material. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the shell layer is made of a bioactive material, such as bioactive glass, collagen, hydroxyapatite, or calcium phosphate. When the shell layer is in contact with the bone, the bioactive material can be released from the shell layer and then contact with osteoblasts in the bone to perform osseointegration. In this embodiment, however, the core layer can be made of bioinert material to maintain the structure of the bioactive fiberglass dental implant.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each fiber may include a core layer, an intermediate layer, and a shell layer. The middle layer surrounds the peripheral surface of the core layer, and the shell layer surrounds the peripheral surface of the middle layer. The shell layer has a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the middle layer, and the middle layer has a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the core layer. The advantage of such a three-layer structure is that when the shell layer is osseointegrated with the bone, the two-layer structure constructed by the remaining core layer and the middle layer is still maintained, so it can provide greater tensile strength than a single-layer structure . At least one of the layers of fibers is made of a biologically inert material, and at least one of the layers of fibers is made of a bioactive material. For example, in certain embodiments, the core layer and/or intermediate layer may be made of x-ray opaque bioinert fiberglass or bioinert material, while the shell layer is made of bioactive material, such as bioactive Glass, collagen, hydroxide apatite, or calcium phosphate. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the core layer and/or the middle layer can be made of bioactive materials, such as bioactive glass, collagen, hydroxide apatite, or calcium phosphate, while the shell layer can be made of Made of X-ray opaque bio-inert fiberglass or bio-inert material. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the core layer and/or the middle layer can be formed by round long fibers or hexagonal long fibers, and the shell layer can be formed by round long fibers, hexagonal long fibers, Or formed by strips of long fibers to strengthen the strength of the fiber weave structure.

The bioactive fiberglass dental implants of the present invention can provide a strong structure. The present invention uses fiber mechanics and uses fiber weaving methods to provide the structure. Suggested fibers may be tension-enhancing and have one or more layers. In this way, the provided bioactive fiberglass dental implant can improve the osseointegration process.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of a bioactive fiberglass dental implant according to a generalized embodiment of the present invention;

2A and 2B are schematic diagrams of fibers used in bioactive glass fiber dental implants according to the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the present invention;

3A and 3B are schematic diagrams of fibers used in bioactive glass fiber dental implants according to the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

4A and 4B are schematic diagrams of fibers used in bioactive glass fiber dental implants according to the fifth embodiment and the sixth embodiment of the present invention;

5A and 5B are schematic diagrams of fibers used in bioactive glass fiber dental implants according to the seventh embodiment and the eighth embodiment of the present invention;

6A and 6B are schematic diagrams of fibers used in bioactive glass fiber dental implants according to the ninth embodiment and the tenth embodiment of the present invention;

7A and 7B are schematic diagrams of fibers used in bioactive glass fiber dental implants according to the eleventh embodiment and the twelfth embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a schematic diagram of fibers used in bioactive fiberglass dental implants according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention;

9 is a schematic diagram of a bioactive fiberglass dental implant according to another generalized embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of main figures and symbols:

1 shell layer 20 braided fiber shaft

11 Spot Coated 100 Bioactive Fiberglass Dental Implants

2 Core 110 Fixings

3 Intermediate layer 120 Peripheral joints

10 Central Fiber Shaft F Fiber R Resin.

Detailed ways

In order to fully and clearly disclose the technical content used by the present invention, the purpose of the invention and the effects it achieves, the present invention is now described in detail below, and please refer to the accompanying drawings and descriptions of main figures.

Certain terms are used with reference to specific components through the embodiments and the following claims. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that manufacturers may use different nomenclature to refer to components. This document does not intend to separate components that differ in name but not in function. In the following embodiments and scope of patents, the words "include" and "include" are used openly, and therefore should be interpreted as "including, but not limited to".

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of a bioactive glass fiber dental implant 100 according to a general embodiment of the present invention. The bioactive fiberglass dental implant 100 includes a fixation element 110 and a peripheral engagement element 120 . The fixture 110 is used for osseointegration with the jawbone or skull after the implantation of the bioactive fiberglass dental implant 100 . The peripheral joint 120 is connected to the fixture 110 and is used to connect and support an abutment (not shown) of a dental prosthesis (not shown, eg a crown). Both the fixing part 110 and the peripheral joint part 120 are made of reinforced fiber resin. Please refer to sub-figure A of FIG. 1 , which is a top view of the bioactive fiberglass dental implant 100 . In panel A, it can be seen that the fibers F are fixed in the resin R in the bioactive fiberglass dental implant 100 . Continuing to refer to the sub-figure B of FIG. 1 , it can be seen that the fibers F are woven to form a fiber weaving structure. The fiber weave structure facilitates the bioactive fiberglass dental implant 100 to have both high tensile strength and dentin elasticity.

The fiber weaving structure shown in sub-figure B includes a central fiber shaft 10 and a plurality of braided fiber shafts 20 . The central fiber shaft 10 runs straight through the fiber weaving structure, while a plurality of braided fiber shafts 20 alternately surround the central fiber shaft. The pattern "*" of subfigure B can provide additional fixation and high tensile strength in the vertical direction for the braided fiber shaft 20, thus resulting in a more robust structure than the conventional pattern "x".

The resin R can be made of bioinert or biodegradable materials to facilitate the osseointegration process, and depending on actual implementation, the resin R can be thermosetting or thermoplastic. The fibers F can be single-layer fibers or multi-layer fibers, and can be made of biologically inert or biologically active materials. It will be described in further detail below.

Referring to FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B , they are schematic diagrams of fibers used in the bioactive glass fiber dental implant 100 according to the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the present invention, respectively. It can be seen from FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B that the fibers used in the bioactive fiberglass dental implant 100 are single-layer fibers. However, the fibers may be formed as circular or hexagonal. The purpose of forming the hexagonal fibers is to provide high tensile strength to the fiber weave structure of the bioactive fiberglass dental implant 100 . In these embodiments, the fibers may be made of bioactive materials, such as bioactive glass fibers, collagen, hydroxide apatite, or calcium phosphate. So when the bioactive fiberglass dental implant 100 is implanted, the fibers can start to osseointegrate into the bone. Since the fibers used in this embodiment are bioactive, the resin should be made of bioinert materials to maintain the structure of the bioactive fiberglass dental implant 100 . However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the fiber can also be made of X-ray opaque bioinert glass fiber or bioinert material.

Referring to FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B , they are schematic diagrams of fibers used in the bioactive glass fiber dental implant 100 according to the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment of the present invention, respectively. In these embodiments, the fibers in the reinforced fiber resin of the bioactive glass fiber dental implant 100 are multi-layer fibers, and the thermal expansion coefficient of each layer of the multi-layer fibers decreases layer by layer from the inner layer to the outer layer. It can be seen from FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B that the fibers used in the bioactive fiberglass dental implant 100 are double-layered fibers. In these embodiments, the multilayer fiber includes a core layer 2 and a shell layer 1 , the shell layer 1 surrounds the peripheral surface of the core layer 2 and has a lower thermal expansion coefficient than the core layer 2 . The advantage of the arrangement of double layers of fibers is that it can provide high tensile strength, so the bioactive glass fiber dental implant 100 can provide high tensile strength. Each layer of the multi-layer fibers is formed of circular long fibers, hexagonal long fibers, or strip-shaped long fibers. In these embodiments, the core layer 2 is formed with round long fibers or hexagonal long fibers, and the shell layer 1 is formed with round long fibers. At least one of the layers of fibers is made of a biologically inert material, and at least one of the layers of fibers is made of a bioactive material. The shell layer 1 of this embodiment is made of bioactive materials, such as bioactive glass, collagen, hydroxyapatite, or calcium phosphate. When the shell layer 1 is in contact with the bone, the bioactive material can be released from the shell layer 1 and contact with the osteoblasts in the bone to perform osseointegration. In this embodiment, the core layer 2 can be made of bioinert material, such as bioinert glass fiber, so as to maintain the structure of the bioactive glass fiber dental implant 100 .

Refer to FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B , which are schematic diagrams of fibers used in the bioactive glass fiber dental implant 100 according to the fifth embodiment and the sixth embodiment of the present invention, respectively. It can be seen from FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B that the arrangement of the core layer 2 and the shell layer 1 is similar to that of the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment. In the fifth embodiment and the sixth embodiment, the casing layer 1 is formed of strip-shaped long fibers. The function of the strip setting can provide more fixing force between the fibers. Referring to FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B , they are schematic diagrams of fibers used in the bioactive glass fiber dental implant 100 according to the seventh embodiment and the eighth embodiment of the present invention, respectively. It can be seen from FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B that the arrangement of the core layer 2 and the shell layer 1 is similar to that of the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment. In the seventh and eighth embodiments, the outer surface of the housing layer 1 also has an additional dot-like coating 11 . The function of the point coating 11 is also to provide more fixing force between fibers.

Refer to FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B , which are schematic diagrams of fibers used in the bioactive glass fiber dental implant 100 according to the ninth embodiment and the tenth embodiment of the present invention, respectively. In these embodiments, the fibers in the reinforced fiber resin of the bioactive glass fiber dental implant 100 are multi-layer fibers, and the thermal expansion coefficient of each layer of the multi-layer fibers decreases layer by layer from the inner layer to the outer layer. It can be seen from FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B that the fibers used in the bioactive fiberglass dental implant 100 are three-layer fibers. In these embodiments, the multilayer fiber includes a core layer 2 , an intermediate layer 3 , and a shell layer 1 , the intermediate layer 3 surrounds the peripheral surface of the core layer 2 , and the shell layer 1 surrounds the peripheral surface of the intermediate layer 3 . The thermal expansion coefficient of the shell layer 1 is lower than that of the intermediate layer 3 , and the thermal expansion coefficient of the intermediate layer 3 is lower than that of the core layer 1 . At least one of the layers of fibers is made of a biologically inert material, and at least one of the layers of fibers is made of a bioactive material. In these embodiments, the core layer 2 and/or the middle layer 3 can be made of X-ray opaque bioinert glass fibers or bioinert materials, while the shell layer 1 is made of bioactive materials, such as biological Activated glass, collagen, hydroxide apatite, or calcium phosphate. The purpose of such three-layer arrangement is that when the shell layer 1 is osseointegrated with the bone, the two-layer structure constructed by the rest of the core layer 2 and the middle layer 3 is still maintained. Additionally, a three-ply setup can accommodate greater tension than a two-ply setup. In this embodiment, the core layer 2 may be formed of round long fibers or hexagonal long fibers, and the middle layer 3 and the shell layer 1 may be formed of round long fibers. Of course, the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the core layer 2 and/or the intermediate layer 3 may be made of bioactive materials, such as bioactive glass, collagen, HA, or calcium phosphate, The shell layer 1 can be made of bioinert glass fiber or bioinert material with X-ray opacity, so that the bioactive material can be released from the core layer 2 or the middle layer 3 and interact with the osteoblasts in the bone Contact for osseointegration.

Referring to Fig. 7A, Fig. 7B, and Fig. 8, they are respectively the fibers used in the bioactive glass fiber dental implant 100 of the eleventh embodiment, the twelfth embodiment, and the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention schematic diagram. It can be seen from FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B that the arrangement of the core layer 2 , the middle layer 3 , and the shell layer 1 is similar to that of the ninth embodiment and the tenth embodiment. In the eleventh embodiment and the twelfth embodiment, the casing layer is formed of strip-shaped long fibers. In FIG. 8, the arrangement of the core layer 2, the intermediate layer 3, and the shell layer 1 is similar to that of the eleventh embodiment and the twelfth embodiment. In the thirteenth embodiment, the middle layer 3 is formed of hexagonal long fibers. The function of the shell layer 1 being arranged in a strip shape is to provide more fixing force between the fibers. In this embodiment, the shell layer 1 and the middle layer 3 are made of biologically inert materials, and the core layer 2 is made of bioactive glass, collagen, HA, or calcium phosphate.

Referring to FIG. 9 , it is a schematic diagram of a bioactive glass fiber dental implant 100 according to another general embodiment of the present invention. The bioactive fiberglass dental implant 100 can be manufactured as a double-thread arrangement according to actual implementation. In the sub-figure C, it can be seen that the fiber F is fixed in the resin R, and thus arranged in the bioactive glass fiber dental implant 100 with double threads; continue to refer to the sub-figure D of FIG. braided to form a fiber braided structure. In sub-figure E, it is a cross-sectional view of the fiber braided structure. In addition, at least one core layer and the shell layer can be made of X-ray opaque materials, so that the bioactive glass fiber dental implant 100 can be visualized in X-ray scans. Please note that the above-mentioned embodiments are for the purpose of illustration only, rather than limiting the present invention. In other embodiments, the bioactive fiberglass dental implant 100 can have a structure of more than three layers, and each layer can be in various shapes and made of various materials, as long as one layer is made of bioinert material That is, to maintain the structure of the bioactive fiberglass dental implant 100, only one layer is made of bioactive materials to promote osseointegration. For example, the fibers used in the bioactive fiberglass dental implant 100 are ten-layer fibers, and the shapes of each layer can be formed by circular long fibers, hexagonal long fibers, or strip-shaped long fibers, and each of them The layer materials can be made of bioactive materials (bioactive glass, collagen, hydroxide apatite, calcium phosphate), X-ray opaque materials, or biologically inert materials, at least one layer of which is made of made of biologically inert material, and at least one layer is made of biologically active material.

Claims (12)

1. A bioactive fiberglass dental implant comprising: Fixtures for osseointegration with the jaw or skull; and a peripheral joint, connected to said fixture, for connecting and supporting the abutment of the dental prosthesis, Wherein, the fixing part and the peripheral joint part are made of reinforced fiber resin, and the fibers in the reinforced fiber resin form a fiber weaving structure; The fibers in the reinforced fiber resin are multilayer fibers; At least one of the layers of fibers is made of a biologically inert material, and at least one of the layers of fibers is made of a bioactive material. 2. The bioactive fiberglass dental implant of claim 1, wherein the fiber weave structure comprises: a central fiber axis running straight through the fiber weave; and A plurality of braided fiber shafts are staggered around the central fiber shaft. 3. The bioactive fiberglass dental implant of claim 1, wherein the multilayer fiber comprises a core layer and a shell layer surrounding the peripheral surface of the core layer, Or the multilayer fiber includes a core layer, an intermediate layer, and a shell layer, the intermediate layer surrounds the peripheral surface of the core layer, and the shell layer surrounds the peripheral surface of the intermediate layer. 4. The bioactive fiberglass dental implant of claim 3, wherein the outer surface of the shell layer has a dotted coating. 5. The bioactive fiberglass dental implant of claim 1, wherein the bioinert material is bioinert fiberglass. 6. The bioactive fiberglass dental implant of claim 1, wherein the bioactive material is bioactive glass, collagen, hydroxyapatite, or calcium phosphate. 7. The bioactive fiberglass dental implant according to claim 1, wherein each layer of the multi-layer fibers is formed by round long fibers, hexagonal long fibers, or strip long fibers. 8. The bioactive fiberglass dental implant according to claim 1, wherein the coefficient of thermal expansion of each layer of the multilayer fiber decreases layer by layer from the inner layer to the outer layer. 9. The bioactive fiberglass dental implant of claim 1, wherein the reinforcing fiber resin is a biologically inert reinforcing fiber resin. 10. The bioactive fiberglass dental implant according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing fiber resin is a biodegradable reinforcing fiber resin. 11. The bioactive fiberglass dental implant of claim 1, wherein the reinforcing fiber resin is a thermoset reinforcing fiber resin. 12. The bioactive fiberglass dental implant of claim 1, wherein the reinforcing fiber resin is a thermoplastic reinforcing fiber resin.