CN105758314B - Long distance laser distance measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a long-distance laser ranging method, the device of which includes two crosshair lasers, a display device including a display screen and a digital camera device. The display screen is axisymmetric and has a symmetry axis, and the two crosshair lasers are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the display screen relative to the symmetry axis. The optical axes of the two crosshair lasers are in the same plane, and the intersection with the plane where the display screen is located is symmetrical with respect to the symmetry axis. The plane where the optical axes of the two crosshair lasers are located is perpendicular to the plane where the display screen is located and rotates. The two crosshair lasers rotate on a fixed axis in a plane perpendicular to the plane where the display screen is located. The axes of rotation of the two crosshair lasers are parallel to each other. The digital camera and the display screen are relatively static.

Description

Long distance laser ranging method

technical field

The invention relates to a distance measuring method, in particular to a laser distance measuring method.

Background technique

At present, using a single-point infrared laser beam to measure the distance of the target is the main means of ranging, and the laser rangefinder is an instrument that uses laser to measure the distance of the target. When the laser range finder is working, it emits a very thin laser beam to the target, and the photoelectric element receives the laser beam reflected by the target, and uses a timer to measure the time from emission to reception of the laser beam, and calculates the distance from the observer to the target. But these devices all have the following problems:

1. For transparent target objects, such as glass, liquid water surface, transparent plastic film, etc., it is impossible to test the distance from these transparent targets to the laser rangefinder by using the traditional laser rangefinder. Because the laser rangefinder emits very thin laser light through these transparent objects, the photoelectric element cannot receive the laser beam reflected by the target, so its distance cannot be tested;

2. For mesh targets, such as mesh doors and windows, football nets, fishing nets, etc., it is impossible to test the distance from these transparent targets to the laser range finder with traditional laser range finders. Because the laser rangefinder emits very thin laser light and also passes through these transparent objects, the photoelectric element cannot receive the laser beam reflected by the target, so its distance cannot be tested;

3. For thin strip-shaped objects, such as overhead transmission lines of the power grid, red flag poles, hanging ropes, etc., due to the hand-held laser rangefinder, vibration will occur during measurement, and it is difficult to use the traditional laser rangefinder in the distance. The laser is accurately irradiated on the power line or flagpole, so the distance cannot be tested;

4. For some moving objects, such as fans, trains, etc., it is also impossible to use the laser range finder to test the distance of the target.

Therefore, in order to accurately measure the distance of transparent, mesh, thin strip or moving objects, it is indeed necessary to provide a laser ranging system and method using crosshairs.

Contents of the invention

In order to accurately measure the distance of transparent, mesh, thin strip or moving objects, the present invention provides a long-distance portable laser ranging system and method.

A method for measuring distance, comprising the steps of:

S1, providing a display screen with a symmetry axis, two double cross-line lasers, and a digital camera fixed on the display screen, wherein the two cross-line lasers are symmetrically arranged on the display with respect to the symmetry axis On both sides of the screen, the optical axes of the two cross-line lasers are in the same plane, and the intersection point with the plane where the display screen is located is symmetrical with respect to the axis of symmetry, and the plane where the optical axes of the two cross-line lasers are located Rotate perpendicular to the plane where the display screen is located, the two crosshair lasers rotate on a fixed axis in a plane perpendicular to the plane where the display screen is located, and the rotation axes of the two crosshair lasers are parallel to each other;

S2, using the digital imaging device to photograph an object under test, and adjusting the position of the display screen so that the image of the object under test on the display screen passes through the axis of symmetry;

S3, turn on the two double crosshair lasers, adjust the two double crosshair lasers so that the two intersection points of the two crosslight spots of the two double crosshair lasers are on the object to be measured and are located at the on the axis of symmetry of the display screen; and

S4, rotating the two double crosshair lasers, so that the two intersection points move towards each other along the axis of symmetry, and overlap to form a bright spot on the display screen; and

S5, measuring the angle between the optical axis of any one of the two double crosshair lasers and the surface of the display screen, and the distance from the point on the display screen corresponding to the bright spot to the intersection point of the optical axis and the display screen The product of the tangent of the included angle and the distance from the point on the display screen corresponding to the bright spot to the optical axis and the display screen is the distance from the object under test to the display screen.

A method for measuring distance, comprising the steps of:

S1, providing a display screen with a symmetry axis, and a digital camera device fixed on the display screen, wherein the digital camera device is fixed on the frame and electrically connected to the display device, when the display device moves, the The digital camera device is stationary relative to the limiting device;

S2, using the digital imaging device to photograph an object under test, and adjusting the position of the display screen so that the image of the object under test on the display screen passes through the axis of symmetry;

S3, providing two double cross lasers, the optical axes of the two cross lasers are in the same plane, and the intersection with the plane where the display screen is located is symmetrical with respect to the symmetry axis, and adjusting the two double crosses The line laser makes the two intersections of the two cross spots of the two double cross line lasers on the object to be measured and located on the axis of symmetry of the display screen; and

S4, rotating the two double crosshair lasers, so that the two intersection points move towards each other along the axis of symmetry, and overlap to form a bright spot on the display screen; and

S5, measuring the angle between the optical axis of any one of the two double crosshair lasers and the surface of the display screen, and the distance from the point on the display screen corresponding to the bright spot to the intersection point of the optical axis and the display screen The product of the tangent of the included angle and the distance from the point on the display screen corresponding to the bright spot to the optical axis and the display screen is the distance from the object under test to the display screen.

Compared with the prior art, the long-distance portable laser ranging method has accurate positioning and high precision. The target image is accurately set in the middle of the display screen, and the crosshair point can be accurately irradiated on the target. This method can accurately test the distance of the target. Instead of looking at the target with the naked eye, the handheld laser is used to measure the distance; the long-distance portable laser distance measuring device has a simple process and only needs a video camera, a DV display screen and two small lasers. These things are placed on a tripod, which is convenient for processing and installation. The long-distance portable laser rangefinder can test the distance of objects that cannot be tested by traditional laser rangefinders. fans and more. The cost of the distance measuring device is low. The traditional methods for testing the distance of power lines, flagpoles, and water surfaces all use ultrasonic instruments with large volume and heavy weight, which are extremely expensive and inconvenient to carry. The present invention is low in cost and small in size Light weight, very convenient to carry. The distance measuring device has the characteristics of small size and light weight, and is easy to be integrated into other systems, and exists as a functional unit, thereby being easy to integrate.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a long-distance portable laser distance measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the long-distance portable laser distance measuring device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the application method of the long-distance portable laser distance measuring device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the result state of the application method of the long-distance portable laser distance measuring device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an algorithm for calculating the distance from the object to be measured to the long-distance portable laser distance measuring device in FIG. 4 .

Description of main component symbols

Long-distance portable laser distance measuring device 100 display device 10 Symmetry axis 12 fixed frame 14 display screen 16 digital camera 20 First cross-line laser 30 first optical axis 31 first axis of rotation 32 first cross spot 34 Second Crosshair Laser 40 Second optical axis 41 second axis of rotation 42 Second cross spot 44 tripod 50 Analyte 60

The following specific embodiments will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the above-mentioned drawings.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

Please see Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a long-distance portable laser distance measuring device 100 including a display device 10, a first reticle laser 30, a second reticle laser 40, a digital camera 20 and a tripod 50. The first cross-line laser 30 and the second cross-line laser 40 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the display device 10 . The digital camera device 20 is fixed on the display device 10 . The tripod 50 is an optional component for providing support for the display device 10 .

The display device 10 has a symmetry axis 12 , a fixed frame 14 , and a display screen 16 . The display screen 16 is disposed on the fixed frame 14 and is symmetrical with respect to the symmetry axis 12 . That is to say, the axis of symmetry 12 equally divides the display screen 16 and the fixing frame 14 into two parts with the same area and shape. The axis of symmetry 12 is the bisector of the display screen 16 . The fixing frame 14 is used to fix the display screen 16 , and its structural shape is not limited, and may also include a housing for better fixing the display screen 16 . The display screen 16 can be various display screens in the prior art, and can be one of a liquid crystal display screen, a plasma display screen, a cathode ray tube display screen, or a light emitting diode display screen. In this embodiment, the display screen 16 is a rectangular liquid crystal display panel. The fixed frame 14 has four frames, and the display screen 16 is arranged in the space surrounded by the four frames. The fixing frame 14 can be made of a strong insulating material, such as nylon 6, nylon 66, epoxy board, bakelite board, polytetrafluoroethylene, organic glass and the like. In this embodiment, the fixing frame 14 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the first cross-line laser 30 and the second cross-line laser 40 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the display screen 16 relative to the symmetry axis 12 . The first crosshair laser 30 has a first optical axis 31 , and the second crosshair laser 40 has a second optical axis 41 . The first optical axis 31 and the second optical axis 41 are in the same plane, and this plane is perpendicular to the plane where the display screen 16 is located. The first optical axis 31 intersects the plane where the display screen 16 is located at point E, and the second optical axis 41 intersects the plane where the display screen 16 is located at point F. The point E and the point F are symmetrical with respect to the axis of symmetry 12 . The first crosshair laser 30 can rotate around a first rotation axis 32 as a fixed axis. The second crosshair laser 40 can rotate around a second rotation axis 42 as a fixed axis. The first rotation axis 32 and the second rotation axis 42 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the symmetry axis 12 and parallel to the symmetry axis 12 . The first optical axis 31 has an included angle α with the surface of the display screen 16 , and the second optical axis 41 has an included angle α with the surface of the display screen 16 . The included angle α is less than 90 degrees and greater than 0 degrees. Preferably, the above-mentioned included angle α is greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than 90 degrees. In this embodiment, the above-mentioned included angle α is greater than or equal to 45 degrees and less than 90 degrees.

In this embodiment, the first crosshair laser 30 has two opposite ends, one of which is fixed to the fixing frame 14 as a fixed end, and the other end is a light emitting end. The second crosshair laser 40 has two opposite ends, one end is fixed on the fixing frame 14 as a fixed end, and the other end is a light emitting end. The first crosshair laser 30 can rotate around the first rotation axis 32 at a fixed axis, and the first rotation axis 32 is perpendicular to the first optical axis 31 and is arranged on the fixed frame 14 . The second crosshair laser 40 can rotate around the second rotation axis 42 as a fixed axis, and the second rotation axis 42 is perpendicular to the second optical axis 41 and is arranged on the fixed frame 14 .

The first cross-line laser 30 and the second cross-line laser 40 can be any cross-line lasers in the prior art, and their length, size, and volume can be selected according to actual needs. The first cross-line laser 30 and the second cross-line laser 40 can be the same or different, as long as the intersection point between the first optical axis 31 and the surface of the display screen 16 is guaranteed to be the same as the second optical axis 31 The intersection point of the axis 41 and the display screen 16 is symmetrical with respect to the symmetry axis 12 . In this embodiment, the first cross-line laser 30 is the same as the second cross-line laser 40 , which is a cylinder with a length of 15 cm, a diameter of 1 cm, and a power of 50 mW. The digital camera device 20 has a long-distance observation capability, and it has a zoom function. The zoom multiple can be selected according to the actual measured distance, and the zoom method can be optical zoom or digital zoom. The digital camera 20 is electrically connected to the display device 10 . The content to be captured by the digital camera device 20 can be displayed on the display screen 16 of the display device 10 . The digital camera 20 is fixed on the display device 10 and can move with the same displacement as the display device 10 moves. The digital camera device 20 is fixed on the fixed frame 14, and the fixing method is not limited. It can be fixed with an adhesive, or can be fixed mechanically, such as rivets or buckles, or can also be formed into a frame by integral molding. overall. The above fixing only needs to ensure that when the display device 10 moves, the digital camera device 20 is stationary relative to the display device 10 . The digital camera device 20 can be various digital cameras, video cameras, or cameras in the prior art. In this embodiment, the digital camera device 20 is a digital video camera.

The display device 10 and the first and second crosshair lasers 30 , 40 may be fixed to the tripod 50 through a pan-tilt (not shown in the figure), and the tripod 50 provides support for the display device 10 . The function of the tripod 50 is to fix the display device 10, the first cross-line laser 30 and the second cross-line laser 40, and the target object can be adjusted in the position of the target object by adjusting the coarse adjustment and fine adjustment of the tripod 50. the center of the display screen 16. It can be understood that the tripod 50 is an optional device. By directly holding the display device 10 , the first crosshair laser 30 and the second crosshair laser 40 , the center of the display screen 16 of the image formed by the target object can be adjusted.

Referring to FIGS. 3-5 , an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for measuring the distance from an object to the long-distance portable laser distance measuring device 100 by using the long-distance portable laser distance measuring device 100. The method includes the following steps:

S1, providing the long-distance portable laser ranging device 100;

S2, using the digital imaging device 20 to photograph an object to be measured 60, and adjusting the position of the long-distance portable laser distance measuring device 100, so that the image of the object to be measured 60 on the display screen 16 exceeds the symmetry axis 12;

S3, turn on the first cross laser 30 and the second cross laser 40, and adjust the first cross spot 34 of the first cross laser 30 and the second cross spot 40 of the second cross laser 40 44 has two intersection points A and B on the object under test 60 and displayed on the symmetry axis 12 of the display screen 16;

S4, rotate the first crosshair laser 30 and the second crosshair laser 40, so that the two intersection points A and B move toward each other along the axis of symmetry 12 on the display screen 16, and overlap to form a Highlight H; and

S5, measuring the angle between the first optical axis 31 of the first crosshair laser 30 and the surface of the display screen 16, and the point on the display screen corresponding to the bright spot H to the first optical axis 31 and the surface of the display screen 16. The intersection distance of the display screen 16, the product of the tangent of the included angle and the distance from the point on the display screen corresponding to the bright spot H to the first optical axis 31 and the display screen 16 is the distance from the object to be tested to the display screen 16. Screen 16 distance.

In step S2, the object under test 60 may be a transparent object, a mesh object, or a wire-shaped object. Making the image of the object under test 60 on the display screen 16 pass through the axis of symmetry 12 means that the axis of symmetry 12 just passes through the image of the object under test 60 on the display screen 16 . Or it can also be said that at least a part of the image of the object under test 60 on the display screen 16 is on the symmetry axis 12 of the display screen 16 . In this embodiment, the object under test 60 is a linear object under test, specifically a high voltage electric wire. The position of the display device 10 can be adjusted so that the image of the high voltage wire on the display screen 16 coincides with the symmetry axis of the display screen 16 .

In step S3, the crosshair laser emitted by the first crosshair laser 30 will form a first cross spot 34 on a reflective plane, and the crosshair laser emitted by the second crosshair laser 40 will be on a reflective plane A second cross spot 44 is formed. Since the first cross laser 30 and the second cross laser 40 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of symmetry 12, the two intersection points A, B of the first cross spot 34 and the second cross spot 44 must be on said axis of symmetry 12 . Therefore, when the image of the object under test 60 in the display screen 16 passes through the symmetry axis 12, the two intersection points A and B of the first cross spot 34 and the second cross spot 44 must be at on the test object 60 . Thereby it can be seen on the display screen 16 that two intersections A and B form two bright spots on the image of the object to be measured 60. Actually, the above two intersections A and B are two bright spots separated by two bright spots located on the object to be tested. Test object 60 on.

In step S4 , the first crosshair laser 30 can rotate around the first rotation axis 32 , and the second crosshair laser 40 can rotate around a second rotation axis 42 . Therefore, the two intersection points A, B of the first cross spot 34 and the second cross spot 44 can be moved by rotating the first cross laser 30 and the second cross laser 40 . A bright spot O can be obtained when the two intersection points A, B coincide. The bright spot O is actually obtained when the center of the first cross spot 34 coincides with the center of the second cross spot 44 .

In step S5 , since the bright spot O is a point obtained by the coincidence of the center of the first cross spot 34 and the center of the second cross spot 44 . The intersection of the first optical axis 31 and the second optical axis 41 is the bright spot O, the image of the bright spot O on the display screen 16 is point H, and the point H is located on the symmetry axis 12 . The projection line from the first optical axis 31 to the surface of the display screen 16 is the line segment EF from the bright spot H in the display screen 16 to the intersection point of the first optical axis 31 and the surface of the display screen 16 . Therefore, the triangle EOF is an isosceles triangle. As long as the value of the angle OEF and the length of the line segment EF are known, the height of the isosceles triangle EOF can be obtained by using the trigonometric function relationship. The height of the isosceles triangle EOF is the distance OH from the object to the display screen 16 .

Compared with the prior art, the long-distance portable laser distance measuring device has accurate positioning and high precision. Because of the tripod fixing method, the target image can be accurately set in the middle of the display screen, and the crosshair point can be accurately irradiated on the target. This method can accurately test the distance of the target. Instead of looking at the target with the naked eye, the handheld laser is used to measure the distance; the long-distance portable laser distance measuring device has a simple process and only needs a video camera, a DV display screen and two small lasers. These things are placed on a tripod, which is convenient for processing and installation. The long-distance portable laser rangefinder can test the distance of objects that cannot be tested by traditional laser rangefinders. fans and more. The cost of the long-distance portable laser distance measuring device is low. The traditional method of testing the distance of power lines, flagpoles, and water surfaces all uses ultrasonic instruments with large volume and heavy weight, which are extremely expensive and inconvenient to carry. The cost of the present invention is Low, and small size, light weight, very easy to carry. The long-distance portable laser distance measuring device has the characteristics of small size and light weight, and can be easily integrated into other systems, existing as a functional unit, and thus easy to integrate.

Claims (10)

1. A long-distance laser ranging method, comprising the following steps: S1, providing a display screen, two double cross-line lasers, and a digital camera device fixed on the display screen, wherein the display screen has a symmetry axis, and the two cross-line lasers are symmetrical with respect to the symmetry axis Arranged on both sides of the display screen, the optical axes of the two cross-line lasers are in the same plane, and the intersection with the plane where the display screen is located is symmetrical with respect to the axis of symmetry, the two cross-line lasers The plane where the optical axis is located is perpendicular to the plane where the display screen is located, and the two crosshair lasers rotate on a fixed axis in the plane perpendicular to the plane where the display screen is located. The rotation axes of the two crosshair lasers are parallel to each other; S2, using the digital imaging device to photograph an object under test, and adjusting the position of the display screen so that the image of the object under test on the display screen passes through the axis of symmetry; S3, turn on the two double crosshair lasers, adjust the two double crosshair lasers so that the two intersection points of the two crosslight spots of the two double crosshair lasers are on the object to be measured and are located at the on the axis of symmetry of the display screen; and S4, rotating the two double crosshair lasers, so that the two intersection points move towards each other along the axis of symmetry, and overlap to form a bright spot on the display screen; and S5, measuring the angle between the optical axis of any one of the two double crosshair lasers and the surface of the display screen, and the distance from the point on the display screen corresponding to the bright spot to the intersection point of the optical axis and the display screen , the product of the tangent of the included angle and the distance from the point on the display screen corresponding to the bright spot to the optical axis and the display screen is the distance from the object under test to the display screen. 2. The long-distance laser distance measuring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step S2, at least a part of the image of the object to be measured on the display screen is on the symmetry axis of the display screen . 3. The long-distance laser ranging method according to claim 1, characterized in that the angles between the optical axes of the two crosshair lasers and the display screen are the same. 4. The long-distance laser ranging method according to claim 3, wherein the rotation axes of the two crosshair lasers are parallel to the plane where the display screen is located. 5. The long-distance laser ranging method according to claim 1, wherein the digital camera is electrically connected to the display screen, and is used to display the captured object image on the display screen, and the The digital camera and the display screen are relatively static. 6. The long-distance laser ranging method according to claim 5, wherein the display screen is a liquid crystal display screen, a plasma display screen, a cathode ray tube display screen, or a light emitting diode display screen. 7. The long-distance laser ranging method according to claim 1, wherein the object to be measured is a transparent object, a mesh object, or a linear object. 8. A long-distance laser ranging method, comprising the following steps: S1, providing a display screen with a symmetry axis, and a digital camera device fixed on the display screen, wherein the digital camera device is fixed on the frame of the display screen and electrically connected with the display screen, and the display screen moves , the digital camera is still relative to the display screen; S2, using the digital imaging device to photograph an object under test, and adjusting the position of the display screen so that the image of the object under test on the display screen passes through the axis of symmetry; S3, providing two double cross lasers, the optical axes of the two cross lasers are in the same plane, and the intersection point with the plane where the display screen is located is symmetrical with respect to the symmetry axis, and adjusting the two double crosses The line laser makes the two intersections of the two cross spots of the two double cross line lasers on the object to be measured and located on the axis of symmetry of the display screen; and S4, rotating the two double crosshair lasers, so that the two intersection points move towards each other along the axis of symmetry, and overlap to form a bright spot on the display screen; and S5, measuring the angle between the optical axis of any one of the two double crosshair lasers and the surface of the display screen, and the distance from the point on the display screen corresponding to the bright spot to the intersection point of the optical axis and the display screen The product of the tangent of the included angle and the distance from the point on the display screen corresponding to the bright spot to the optical axis and the display screen is the distance from the object under test to the display screen. 9. The long-distance laser ranging method according to claim 8, wherein the plane where the optical axes of the two crosshair lasers are located is perpendicular to the plane where the display screen is located and rotates, and the two crosshair lasers Rotate on a fixed axis in a plane perpendicular to the plane where the display screen is located, and adjust the two double cross lasers so that the two double cross lasers rotate in parallel to each other so that The two intersection points of the cross spot are on the object to be tested and are located on the symmetry axis of the display screen. 10. The long-distance laser ranging method according to claim 9, wherein the angles between the optical axes of the two crosshair lasers and the plane where the display screen is located are the same.