CN105753147B - A kind of controllable double-cycling anaerobic reactor and application - Google Patents
A kind of controllable double-cycling anaerobic reactor and application Download PDFInfo
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000149 chemical water pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 4
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/2866—Particular arrangements for anaerobic reactors
- C02F3/2893—Particular arrangements for anaerobic reactors with biogas recycling
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Abstract
一种可控双循环厌氧反应器及应用，涉及一种厌氧反应器及应用。是要解决现有的IC反应器启动成本高、无法适用于难降解或有毒废水处理的问题。可控双循环厌氧反应器包括壳体、进水系统、出水系统、沼气收集系统、内循环系统、外循环系统、内循环转换系统、外循环转换系统和恒温控制系统。该厌氧反应器用于难降解或有毒废水处理，所述难降解或有毒废水为中药废水、印染废水或垃圾渗滤液。本发明可以在反应器启动期、处理难降解或有毒废水时人为控制内、外循环强度，提高污泥与废水的传质效率，从而促进污染物的降解。本发明用于废水处理领域。
A controllable double-circulation anaerobic reactor and its application relate to an anaerobic reactor and its application. It is to solve the problems that the existing IC reactor has high start-up cost and cannot be applied to the treatment of refractory or toxic waste water. The controllable double-cycle anaerobic reactor includes a shell, a water inlet system, a water outlet system, a biogas collection system, an internal circulation system, an external circulation system, an internal circulation conversion system, an external circulation conversion system and a constant temperature control system. The anaerobic reactor is used for the treatment of refractory or toxic wastewater, and the refractory or toxic wastewater is traditional Chinese medicine wastewater, printing and dyeing wastewater or landfill leachate. The invention can artificially control the intensity of internal and external circulation during the start-up period of the reactor and when treating refractory or toxic waste water, so as to improve the mass transfer efficiency of sludge and waste water, thereby promoting the degradation of pollutants. The invention is used in the field of waste water treatment.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种厌氧反应器及应用。The invention relates to an anaerobic reactor and its application.
背景技术Background technique
厌氧处理技术是一种低成本的废水处理技术，它有效地把废水的处理和能源的回收利用相结合，广泛应用于工业废水的处理。厌氧反应器的发展已经历了三个阶段：第一代反应器，以厌氧消化池为代表，废水与厌氧污泥完全混合，属低负荷系统；第二代反应器，可以将固体停留时间和水力停留时间分离，能保持大量的活性污泥和足够长的污泥龄，并注重培养颗粒污泥，属高负荷系统；第三代反应器，在将固体停留时间和水力停留时间相分离的前提下，使固、液两相充分接触，从而既能保持大量污泥又能使废水和活性污泥之间充分混合、接触，达到高效处理的目的。内循环(IC)反应器作为第三代厌氧反应器的代表，已成功应用于多种工业的生产规模废水处理。Anaerobic treatment technology is a low-cost wastewater treatment technology that effectively combines wastewater treatment with energy recovery and is widely used in industrial wastewater treatment. The development of anaerobic reactors has gone through three stages: the first generation of reactors, represented by anaerobic digesters, where wastewater and anaerobic sludge are completely mixed, is a low-load system; the second generation of reactors, which can convert solids The separation of residence time and hydraulic retention time can maintain a large amount of activated sludge and a long enough sludge age, and pay attention to the cultivation of granular sludge, which is a high-load system; the third-generation reactor, in the solid residence time and hydraulic retention time Under the premise of phase separation, the solid and liquid phases are fully contacted, so that a large amount of sludge can be maintained and the wastewater and activated sludge can be fully mixed and contacted to achieve the purpose of efficient treatment. As the representative of the third generation anaerobic reactor, the internal circulation (IC) reactor has been successfully applied to the production-scale wastewater treatment in various industries.
然而，IC反应器有两个主要的技术瓶颈，大大限制了IC反应器的应用，第一，IC反应器仅靠接种相同或相近废水培养的颗粒污泥才能快速启动，而相应颗粒污泥的费用昂贵；第二，IC反应器只能应用于易生物降解的废水，如啤酒废水、制糖废水、柠檬酸废水等，不能应用于难生物降解与有毒废水，如中药废水、印染废水、垃圾渗滤液等，其主要原因是IC反应器处理易生物降解废水可以产生大量的沼气，而大量的沼气可以驱动内循环促进颗粒污泥与废水传质，充分的传质又会促进沼气的产生。然而，难降解或有毒废水很难短时间内产生大量沼气，不能驱动内循环，故而污染物降解缓慢,反应器难以运行。However, there are two main technical bottlenecks in the IC reactor, which greatly limit the application of the IC reactor. First, the IC reactor can only be quickly started by inoculating the granular sludge cultivated with the same or similar wastewater, while the corresponding granular sludge Expensive; second, IC reactors can only be applied to easily biodegradable wastewater, such as beer wastewater, sugar wastewater, citric acid wastewater, etc., and cannot be applied to difficult biodegradable and toxic wastewater, such as traditional Chinese medicine wastewater, printing and dyeing wastewater, garbage Leachate, etc. The main reason is that IC reactors can generate a large amount of biogas when treating easily biodegradable wastewater, and a large amount of biogas can drive internal circulation to promote mass transfer between granular sludge and wastewater, and sufficient mass transfer will promote biogas production. However, it is difficult for refractory or toxic wastewater to generate a large amount of biogas in a short period of time and cannot drive internal circulation, so the degradation of pollutants is slow and the reactor is difficult to operate.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明是要解决现有的IC反应器启动成本高、无法适用于难降解或有毒废水处理的问题，提供一种可控双循环厌氧反应器。The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing IC reactor has high start-up cost and cannot be applied to the treatment of refractory or toxic waste water, and provides a controllable double-cycle anaerobic reactor.
本发明可控双循环厌氧反应器包括壳体、进水系统、出水系统、沼气收集系统、内循环系统、外循环系统、内循环转换系统、外循环转换系统和恒温控制系统；The controllable double-cycle anaerobic reactor of the present invention includes a shell, a water inlet system, a water outlet system, a biogas collection system, an internal circulation system, an external circulation system, an internal circulation conversion system, an external circulation conversion system and a constant temperature control system;
壳体外侧设有保温层，壳体从下至上被一级三相分离器和二级三相分离器分隔为第一反应区、第二反应区和沉淀区；There is an insulation layer on the outside of the shell, and the shell is divided into the first reaction zone, the second reaction zone and the precipitation zone from bottom to top by the first three-phase separator and the second three-phase separator;
所述进水系统由进水泵、进水管和布水器构成，进水泵连接进水管的一端，进水管的另一端穿过壳体与布水器连接；The water inlet system is composed of a water inlet pump, a water inlet pipe and a water distributor. The water inlet pump is connected to one end of the water inlet pipe, and the other end of the water inlet pipe passes through the shell and is connected to the water distributor;
所述出水系统由出水堰和出水管构成，出水堰位于壳体内部的顶端，出水管穿过壳体与出水堰相通；The water outlet system is composed of an outlet weir and an outlet pipe, the outlet weir is located at the top inside the housing, and the outlet pipe passes through the housing and communicates with the outlet weir;
所述沼气收集系统由脱气罐和排沼气管构成，脱气罐固定在壳体的上方，由内外两个带底的圆形套筒构成，内套筒与外套筒之间的区域为外层，内套筒内的区域为内层，脱气罐顶部与排沼气管相通，所述内层底面为倒圆锥面；The biogas collection system consists of a degassing tank and a biogas exhaust pipe. The degassing tank is fixed above the shell and consists of two circular sleeves with bottoms inside and outside. The area between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve is The outer layer, the area inside the inner sleeve is the inner layer, the top of the degassing tank communicates with the biogas discharge pipe, and the bottom surface of the inner layer is an inverted conical surface;
所述内循环系统由一级三相分离器、内循环上升管和内循环下降管构成，一级三相分离器通过内循环上升管与脱气罐内层底面的圆锥面相通，内循环下降管的一端与脱气罐内层底面的顶点相连通，另一端延伸至第一反应区；(内循环上升管和内循环下降管均与脱气罐内层底面连通，两者形成高度差，即内循环上升管高于内循环下降管)；The internal circulation system is composed of a first-level three-phase separator, an internal circulation riser and an internal circulation downcomer. The first-level three-phase separator communicates with the conical surface of the inner bottom of the degassing tank through the internal circulation riser, and the inner circulation descends One end of the pipe communicates with the apex of the bottom surface of the inner layer of the degassing tank, and the other end extends to the first reaction zone; (both the internal circulation ascending pipe and the internal circulation descending pipe communicate with the bottom surface of the inner layer of the degassing tank, and the two form a height difference, That is, the internal circulation ascending pipe is higher than the internal circulation descending pipe);
所述外循环系统由二级三相分离器、外循环上升管和外循环下降管构成，二级三相分离器通过外循环上升管与脱气罐外层相通，外循环下降管的一端与脱气罐外层底部相通，另一端穿过壳体与第二反应区下方连通；The external circulation system is composed of a secondary three-phase separator, an external circulation ascending pipe and an external circulation descending pipe. The secondary three-phase separator communicates with the outer layer of the degassing tank through the external circulation ascending pipe, and one end of the external circulation descending pipe is connected to the outer layer of the degassing tank. The bottom of the outer layer of the degassing tank is connected, and the other end passes through the shell and communicates with the bottom of the second reaction zone;
所述内循环转换系统设置在壳体外侧，由内循环控制泵和内循环转换管道构成，内循环转换管道上设有内循环控制泵，内循环转换管道的两端均与内循环上升管连通，内循环上升管上位于内循环转换管道的两端之间设有阀门，内循环转换管道上与内循环上升管的连接处均设有阀门(可完成内循环可控运行与自动运行之间的转换)。The internal circulation conversion system is arranged on the outside of the shell, and is composed of an internal circulation control pump and an internal circulation conversion pipeline. The internal circulation conversion pipeline is provided with an internal circulation control pump, and both ends of the internal circulation conversion pipeline are connected with the internal circulation riser. , the internal circulation ascending pipe is provided with a valve between the two ends of the internal circulation transition pipe, and the connection between the internal circulation transition pipe and the internal circulation ascending pipe is equipped with a valve (which can complete the controllable operation of the internal circulation and the automatic operation. conversion).
所述的外循环转换系统设置在壳体外侧，由外循环控制泵和外循环转换管道构成，外循环转换管道上设有外循环控制泵，外循环转换管道的两端均与外循环上升管连通，外循环上升管上位于外循环转换管道的两端之间设有阀门，外循环转换管道上与外循环上升管的连接处均设有阀门(可完成内循环可控运行与自动运行之间的转换)。The outer circulation conversion system is arranged on the outside of the housing and is composed of an outer circulation control pump and an outer circulation conversion pipeline. The outer circulation conversion pipeline is provided with an outer circulation control pump. Connected, there is a valve between the two ends of the outer circulation transfer pipe on the outer circulation riser pipe, and a valve is provided at the connection between the outer circulation transfer pipe and the outer circulation riser pipe (which can complete the controllable operation of the inner circulation and automatic operation. between conversions).
所述的恒温控制系统由保温层、热水泵、热水箱、温度控制装置和温度探头构成，保温层下端通过热水泵与热水箱下端连接，保温层上端通过管道与热水箱上端连接，温度控制装置的温度探头插入第一反应区内。The constant temperature control system is composed of a thermal insulation layer, a hot water pump, a hot water tank, a temperature control device and a temperature probe. The lower end of the thermal insulation layer is connected to the lower end of the hot water tank through a hot water pump, and the upper end of the thermal insulation layer is connected to the upper end of the hot water tank through a pipe. The temperature probe of the temperature control device is inserted into the first reaction zone.
进一步的，所述壳体为圆柱形罐体。Further, the shell is a cylindrical tank.
进一步的，所述倒圆锥面的锥角为60°。Further, the cone angle of the inverted conical surface is 60°.
上述可控双循环厌氧反应器用于难降解或有毒废水处理，所述难降解或有毒废水为中药废水、印染废水或垃圾渗滤液。The above-mentioned controllable double-cycle anaerobic reactor is used for the treatment of refractory or toxic wastewater, and the refractory or toxic wastewater is traditional Chinese medicine wastewater, printing and dyeing wastewater or landfill leachate.
本发明可控双循环厌氧反应器用于难降解或有毒废水处理时，关闭内循环上升管和外循环上升管上的阀门，同时打开内循环转换管道上的两个阀门和外循环转换管道上的两个阀门，并开启内循环控制泵和外循环控制泵，由内循环控制泵和外循环控制泵带动管道中的气液混合液，以实现内、外循环。When the controllable double-circulation anaerobic reactor of the present invention is used for refractory or toxic waste water treatment, the valves on the internal circulation ascending pipe and the external circulation ascending pipe are closed, and at the same time, the two valves on the internal circulation conversion pipe and the external circulation conversion pipe are opened. The two valves of the two valves, and open the internal circulation control pump and the external circulation control pump, and the internal circulation control pump and the external circulation control pump drive the gas-liquid mixture in the pipeline to realize internal and external circulation.
本发明的工作原理：Working principle of the present invention:
1、本发明用于去除易生物降解工业废水。若产气量足够驱动内、外循环时，内、外循环自动运行，关闭内、外循环转换管道上的两个阀门及内、外循环控制泵，并开启内、外循环上升管上的阀门。本发明装置工作过程如下：污水首先由进水泵抽入布水器，布水器在第一反应区底部均匀布水，并使污水与厌氧颗粒污泥均匀混合，产生的沼气被一级三相分离器收集，大量沼气携带第一反应区的泥水混合液沿着内循环上升管上升至脱气罐，被分离出的沼气从脱气罐顶部的排沼气管排走，分离出的泥水混合液沿着内循环下降管返回到第一反应区底部，完成内循环。废水经过第一反应区处理后，自动进入第二反应区进一步处理，产生的沼气被二级三相分离器收集，沼气携带第二反应区的泥水混合液沿着外循环上升管上升至脱气罐，被分离出的沼气从脱气罐顶部的排沼气管排走，分离出的泥水混合液沿着外循环下降管返回到第二反应区底部，完成外循环。第二反应区的泥水混合液在沉淀区进行固液分离，处理过的上清液由出水堰经出水管排走，沉淀的污泥可自动返回第二反应区。其中温度控制装置通过插入第一反应区内的温度探头控制热水箱内水温。1. The present invention is used to remove easily biodegradable industrial wastewater. If the gas production is enough to drive the internal and external circulation, the internal and external circulation will run automatically, close the two valves on the internal and external circulation conversion pipes and the internal and external circulation control pumps, and open the valves on the internal and external circulation ascending pipes. The working process of the device of the present invention is as follows: the sewage is first pumped into the water distributor by the water inlet pump, and the water distributor uniformly distributes water at the bottom of the first reaction zone, and makes the sewage and anaerobic granular sludge evenly mixed, and the generated biogas is absorbed by the first stage three The phase separator collects, and a large amount of biogas carries the mud-water mixture in the first reaction zone up to the degassing tank along the internal circulation riser, and the separated biogas is discharged from the biogas discharge pipe at the top of the degassing tank, and the separated mud-water is mixed The liquid returns to the bottom of the first reaction zone along the internal circulation downcomer to complete the internal circulation. After the waste water is treated in the first reaction zone, it automatically enters the second reaction zone for further treatment. The generated biogas is collected by the secondary three-phase separator. The biogas carries the mud-water mixture in the second reaction zone and rises along the external circulation riser to degassing The separated biogas is discharged from the biogas discharge pipe at the top of the degassing tank, and the separated mud-water mixture returns to the bottom of the second reaction zone along the external circulation downpipe to complete the external circulation. The mud-water mixture in the second reaction zone undergoes solid-liquid separation in the sedimentation zone, and the treated supernatant is drained from the outlet weir through the outlet pipe, and the settled sludge can automatically return to the second reaction zone. The temperature control device controls the water temperature in the hot water tank through a temperature probe inserted into the first reaction zone.
2、本发明的反应器在启动期，或用于处理难降解或有毒废水时，产生的沼气不足以驱动内、外循环，内、外循环实行可控运行，关闭内、外循环上升管上的阀门，同时打开内、外循环转换管道上的两个阀门，并开启内、外循环控制泵，由内、外循环控制泵带动管道中的气液混合液，以实现内、外循环。其余工作过程同1所述。2. During the start-up period of the reactor of the present invention, or when it is used to treat refractory or toxic waste water, the methane generated is not enough to drive the internal and external circulation, and the internal and external circulation are controlled to run, and the internal and external circulation risers are closed. Open the two valves on the internal and external circulation conversion pipelines at the same time, and turn on the internal and external circulation control pumps. The internal and external circulation control pumps drive the gas-liquid mixture in the pipeline to achieve internal and external circulation. The rest of the work process is the same as described in 1.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
本发明可控双循环厌氧反应器在IC反应器的基础上增加了外循环系统和可控内、外循环转换系统，这样可以在反应器启动期、处理难降解或有毒废水时人为控制内、外循环强度，提高污泥与废水的传质效率，从而促进污染物的降解。故本发明可以实现以絮状污泥为接种污泥进行反应器的启动，并可在短时间内培养出颗粒污泥，一般可在2-4个月培养出颗粒污泥。The controllable double-circulation anaerobic reactor of the present invention adds an external circulation system and a controllable internal and external circulation conversion system on the basis of the IC reactor, so that the internal circulation can be artificially controlled during the start-up period of the reactor and when treating refractory or toxic wastewater. , The intensity of external circulation, improve the mass transfer efficiency of sludge and wastewater, thereby promoting the degradation of pollutants. Therefore, the present invention can realize the start-up of the reactor with flocculent sludge as inoculation sludge, and can cultivate granular sludge in a short period of time, generally within 2-4 months.
本发明可以处理一些难降解废水或对颗粒污泥影响不大的有毒工业废水。The invention can treat some refractory waste water or toxic industrial waste water which has little effect on granular sludge.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明可控双循环厌氧反应器的结构示意图；图2为具体实施方式一得到的颗粒污泥的照片；图3为具体实施方式一中厌氧反应器的稳定期COD去除效果。Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the controllable double-circulation anaerobic reactor of the present invention; Fig. 2 is the photograph of the granular sludge obtained in the specific embodiment one; Fig. 3 is the COD removal effect of the stable period of the anaerobic reactor in the specific embodiment one .
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明技术方案不局限于以下所列举具体实施方式，还包括各具体实施方式间的任意组合。The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, but also includes any combination of the specific embodiments.
具体实施方式一：结合图1说明本实施方式，本实施方式可控双循环厌氧反应器包括壳体1、进水系统、出水系统、沼气收集系统、内循环系统、外循环系统、内循环转换系统、外循环转换系统和恒温控制系统；Specific Embodiment 1: This embodiment is described in conjunction with FIG. 1. The controllable double-cycle anaerobic reactor in this embodiment includes a shell 1, a water inlet system, a water outlet system, a biogas collection system, an internal circulation system, an external circulation system, and an internal circulation system. Conversion system, external circulation conversion system and constant temperature control system;
壳体1外侧设有保温层22，壳体1从下至上被一级三相分离器12和二级三相分离器15分隔为第一反应区7、第二反应区8和沉淀区9；An insulation layer 22 is provided on the outside of the shell 1, and the shell 1 is divided into a first reaction zone 7, a second reaction zone 8 and a precipitation zone 9 by a first-stage three-phase separator 12 and a second-stage three-phase separator 15 from bottom to top;
所述进水系统由进水泵2、进水管3和布水器4构成，进水泵2连接进水管3的一端，进水管3的另一端穿过壳体1与布水器4连接；The water inlet system is composed of a water inlet pump 2, a water inlet pipe 3 and a water distributor 4. The water inlet pump 2 is connected to one end of the water inlet pipe 3, and the other end of the water inlet pipe 3 passes through the housing 1 and is connected to the water distributor 4;
所述出水系统由出水堰5和出水管6构成，出水堰5位于壳体1内部的顶端，出水管6穿过壳体1与出水堰5相通；The water outlet system is composed of an outlet weir 5 and an outlet pipe 6, the outlet weir 5 is located at the top inside the housing 1, and the outlet pipe 6 passes through the housing 1 and communicates with the outlet weir 5;
所述沼气收集系统由脱气罐10和排沼气管11构成，脱气罐10固定在壳体1的上方，由内外两个带底的圆形套筒构成，内套筒与外套筒之间的区域为外层，内套筒内的区域为内层，脱气罐10顶部与排沼气管11相通，所述内层底面为倒圆锥面；The biogas collection system is composed of a degassing tank 10 and a biogas exhaust pipe 11. The degassing tank 10 is fixed on the top of the shell 1 and consists of two circular sleeves with bottoms inside and outside. The area between them is the outer layer, the area inside the inner sleeve is the inner layer, the top of the degassing tank 10 communicates with the biogas exhaust pipe 11, and the bottom surface of the inner layer is an inverted conical surface;
所述内循环系统由一级三相分离器12、内循环上升管13和内循环下降管14构成，一级三相分离器12通过内循环上升管13与脱气罐10内层底面的圆锥面相通，内循环下降管14的一端与脱气罐10内层底面的顶点相连通，另一端延伸至第一反应区7；(内循环上升管13和内循环下降管14均与脱气罐10内层底面连通，两者形成高度差，即内循环上升管13高于内循环下降管14)；The internal circulation system is composed of a first-level three-phase separator 12, an internal circulation riser 13 and an inner circulation downcomer 14. The first-level three-phase separator 12 passes through the inner circulation riser 13 and the conical bottom surface of the degassing tank 10. The surface communicates, and one end of the internal circulation descending pipe 14 communicates with the apex of the bottom surface of the degassing tank 10, and the other end extends to the first reaction zone 7; 10 The bottom surface of the inner layer is connected, and the two form a height difference, that is, the inner circulation ascending pipe 13 is higher than the internal circulation descending pipe 14);
所述外循环系统由二级三相分离器15、外循环上升管16和外循环下降管17构成，二级三相分离器15通过外循环上升管16与脱气罐10外层相通，外循环下降管17的一端与脱气罐10外层底部相通，另一端穿过壳体1与第二反应区8下方连通；The external circulation system is composed of a secondary three-phase separator 15, an external circulation ascending pipe 16 and an external circulation descending pipe 17. The secondary three-phase separator 15 communicates with the outer layer of the degassing tank 10 through the external circulation ascending pipe 16. One end of the circulation downcomer 17 communicates with the bottom of the outer layer of the degassing tank 10, and the other end communicates with the bottom of the second reaction zone 8 through the shell 1;
所述内循环转换系统设置在壳体1外侧，由内循环控制泵18和内循环转换管道19构成，内循环转换管道19上设有内循环控制泵18，内循环转换管道19的两端均与内循环上升管13连通，内循环上升管13上位于内循环转换管道19的两端之间设有阀门，内循环转换管道19上与内循环上升管13的连接处均设有阀门(可完成内循环可控运行与自动运行之间的转换)。The internal circulation conversion system is arranged on the outside of the housing 1 and is composed of an internal circulation control pump 18 and an internal circulation conversion pipeline 19. The internal circulation conversion pipeline 19 is provided with an internal circulation control pump 18. Both ends of the internal circulation conversion pipeline 19 are It is communicated with the internal circulation rising pipe 13, and the internal circulation rising pipe 13 is provided with a valve between the two ends of the internal circulation conversion pipeline 19, and the connection between the internal circulation conversion pipeline 19 and the internal circulation rising pipe 13 is provided with a valve (can be Complete the conversion between the inner loop controllable operation and automatic operation).
所述的外循环转换系统设置在壳体1外侧，由外循环控制泵20和外循环转换管道21构成，外循环转换管道21上设有外循环控制泵20，外循环转换管道21的两端均与外循环上升管16连通，外循环上升管16上位于外循环转换管道21的两端之间设有阀门，外循环转换管道21上与外循环上升管16的连接处均设有阀门(可完成内循环可控运行与自动运行之间的转换)。The outer circulation conversion system is arranged on the outside of the housing 1 and is composed of an outer circulation control pump 20 and an outer circulation conversion pipeline 21. The outer circulation conversion pipeline 21 is provided with an outer circulation control pump 20, and the two ends of the outer circulation conversion pipeline 21 All communicate with the outer circulation rising pipe 16, and the outer circulation rising pipe 16 is provided with a valve between the two ends of the outer circulation conversion pipeline 21, and the connection between the outer circulation conversion pipeline 21 and the outer circulation riser 16 is provided with a valve ( It can complete the conversion between the controllable operation of the inner loop and the automatic operation).
所述的恒温控制系统由保温层22、热水泵23、热水箱24、温度控制装置25和温度探头26构成，保温层22下端通过热水泵23与热水箱24下端连接，保温层22上端通过管道与热水箱24上端连接，温度控制装置25的温度探头26插入第一反应区7内。Described constant temperature control system is made of thermal insulation layer 22, hot water pump 23, hot water tank 24, temperature control device 25 and temperature probe 26, the lower end of thermal insulation layer 22 is connected with the lower end of hot water tank 24 by hot water pump 23, the upper end of thermal insulation layer 22 The pipe is connected to the upper end of the hot water tank 24 , and the temperature probe 26 of the temperature control device 25 is inserted into the first reaction zone 7 .
进一步的，所述壳体1为圆柱形罐体，Further, the housing 1 is a cylindrical tank,
进一步的，所述倒圆锥面的锥角为60°。Further, the cone angle of the inverted conical surface is 60°.
利用本实施方式的装置处理难降解工业废水，以絮状污泥进行启动，采用可控内、外循环运行方式使颗粒污泥快速形成，当运行稳定后，由于难降解工业废水很难短时间内产生大量沼气，产生的沼气仍不足以驱动内、外循环，仍采用可控内、外循环运行方式。Use the device of this embodiment to treat refractory industrial wastewater, start with flocculent sludge, and adopt controllable internal and external circulation operation mode to make granular sludge quickly form. After the operation is stable, due to the refractory industrial wastewater it is difficult to A large amount of biogas is generated inside, but the generated biogas is still not enough to drive the internal and external circulation, and the controllable internal and external circulation operation mode is still adopted.
污水首先由进水泵抽入布水器，布水器在第一反应区底部均匀布水，并使污水与絮状污泥均匀混合，第一反应区产生的沼气被一级三相分离器收集，产生的沼气不足以驱动内循环，内循环实行可控运行，关闭内循环上升管上的阀门，同时打开内循环转换管道上的两个阀门，并开启内循环控制泵，由内循环控制泵带动管道中的气液混合液至脱气罐内层，被分离出的沼气从脱气罐顶部的排沼气管排走，分离出的泥水混合液沿着内循环下降管返回到第一反应区底部，完成可控内循环。废水经过第一反应区处理后，自动进入第二反应区进一步处理，产生的沼气被二级三相分离器收集，产生的沼气不足以驱动外循环，外循环实行可控运行，关闭外循环上升管上的阀门，同时打开外循环转换管道上的两个阀门，并开启外循环控制泵，由外循环控制泵带动管道中的气液混合液至脱气罐外层，被分离出的沼气从脱气罐顶部的排沼气管排走，分离出的泥水混合液沿着外循环下降管返回到第二反应区底部，完成可控外循环。第二反应区的泥水混合液在沉淀区进行固液分离，处理过的上清液由出水堰经出水管排走，沉淀的污泥可自动返回第二反应区。其中温度控制装置通过插入第一反应区内的温度探头控制热水箱内水温。The sewage is first pumped into the water distributor by the water inlet pump, and the water distributor distributes water evenly at the bottom of the first reaction zone, and makes the sewage and flocculent sludge evenly mixed, and the biogas generated in the first reaction zone is collected by the first-stage three-phase separator , the generated biogas is not enough to drive the internal circulation, the internal circulation implements controllable operation, close the valve on the internal circulation ascending pipe, open the two valves on the internal circulation conversion pipe at the same time, and turn on the internal circulation control pump, and the internal circulation controls the pump Drive the gas-liquid mixture in the pipeline to the inner layer of the degassing tank, the separated biogas is discharged from the biogas discharge pipe on the top of the degassing tank, and the separated mud-water mixture returns to the first reaction zone along the internal circulation downpipe At the bottom, the controllable internal circulation is completed. After the waste water is treated in the first reaction zone, it automatically enters the second reaction zone for further treatment. The generated biogas is collected by the secondary three-phase separator. The generated biogas is not enough to drive the external circulation. The external circulation is controlled to operate, and the external circulation rises Open the valve on the pipe, open the two valves on the external circulation conversion pipe at the same time, and turn on the external circulation control pump, the external circulation control pump drives the gas-liquid mixture in the pipeline to the outer layer of the degassing tank, and the separated biogas from The biogas discharge pipe on the top of the degassing tank is discharged, and the separated mud-water mixture returns to the bottom of the second reaction zone along the external circulation downcomer to complete the controllable external circulation. The mud-water mixture in the second reaction zone undergoes solid-liquid separation in the sedimentation zone, and the treated supernatant is discharged from the outlet weir through the outlet pipe, and the settled sludge can automatically return to the second reaction zone. The temperature control device controls the water temperature in the hot water tank through a temperature probe inserted into the first reaction zone.
本实施方式的小试装置成功应用于湖北省某制药厂的实际中药废水的处理，接种污泥采用厂区处理站污泥浓缩池中絮状污泥，并采用实际厂区中药提取车间的废水进行颗粒污泥培养，培养了三个多月形成了颗粒污泥，颗粒污泥呈灰黑色，粒径在0.5-2.0mm之间，如图2所示，强度良好。稳定期COD去除效果如图3所示，图3中表示进水，表示出水，表示COD去除率。最佳运行参数：进水容积负荷14.67kgCOD/(m3·d)，进水COD浓度11000mg/L，HRT为18h，COD去除率最高可达95％。The small-scale test device of this embodiment has been successfully applied to the treatment of actual traditional Chinese medicine wastewater in a pharmaceutical factory in Hubei Province. The inoculated sludge is the flocculent sludge in the sludge concentration tank of the factory treatment station, and the wastewater from the actual factory traditional Chinese medicine extraction workshop is used for granulation. Sludge cultivation, cultivated for more than three months to form granular sludge, the granular sludge is gray-black, with a particle size between 0.5-2.0mm, as shown in Figure 2, with good strength. The COD removal effect in the stable period is shown in Figure 3, in Figure 3 Indicates water ingress, express water, Indicates COD removal rate. Optimal operating parameters: influent volume load 14.67kgCOD/(m3·d), influent COD concentration 11000mg/L, HRT 18h, COD removal rate up to 95%.
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