CN105751505B - One kind is based on threedimensional model extrinsic color device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-dimensional forming and coloring device, which comprises a moving guide rod (105, 110, 125), a forming head (115), a coloring head (120), and a supporting platform (130). The forming head extrudes the material to form a single layer of the model, and the coloring head completes the coloring by contacting the outer contour of each layer of the model. The design can be used in 3D printing, and the outer contour of the model can be colored to achieve the effect of color 3D printing. The coloring of the present invention is carried out along the normal direction of the contact surface, and the contact part is designed as a spherical contact head, which can ensure that the force on the colored contact area is always along the contour normal direction. The invention has a simple design structure, parts can be replaced partially or as a whole, and the cost is low, and the size of different coloring devices can be selected according to processing requirements, which is convenient for serialization and standardization. The overall size of the invention is small, which is beneficial to reduce the color delay phenomenon in the coloring process.

Description

A three-dimensional model-based external coloring device

technical field

The invention belongs to the advanced manufacturing technology field of the manufacturing industry, and in particular relates to a three-dimensional forming and coloring device.

Background technique

With the continuous development of science and technology, the manufacturing industry has put forward higher requirements for the complexity and machining accuracy of parts. Traditional manufacturing technologies, such as cutting, casting, etc., have been difficult to meet the current individualized manufacturing needs. In recent years, the emergence of 3D printing (additive manufacturing) technology has undoubtedly brought new hope to the manufacturing industry. 3D printing technology can not only quickly manufacture workpieces, but for some parts, it can even provide finished or semi-finished products with sufficient precision. Because 3D printing can manufacture extremely complex parts, does not generate waste, and has low cost per piece and small batches, it has become a bright new star in the manufacturing industry.

However, color 3D printing has struggled. Although there are a variety of materials that can be used for 3D printing, most of the printed parts are single in color or not rich in color, so it is difficult to achieve colorful or even full color. Even with multi-material printing, the colors that can be printed are very limited.

Contents of the invention

Based on this, the present invention discloses a three-dimensional forming and coloring device, which comprises a first guide rod (110), a second guide rod (105), a third guide rod (125), a forming head (115), a coloring head (120) and support platform (130);

The forming head (115) can move along the y-axis along the first guide rod (110);

The first guide rod (110) can move along the x-axis along the second guide rod (105);

The support platform (130) is used to cooperate with the forming head (115) to complete the printing of the single-layer model;

The coloring head (120) is fixed on a third guide rod (125) for coloring the periphery of the model, and the third guide rod (125) has degrees of freedom of movement in x and y axes.

The present invention has the following advantages:

1. In order to obtain a better coloring effect, all three-dimensional coloring schemes require coloring along the normal direction of the coloring area, which brings great difficulties to the shape design and control of the coloring device. In order to ensure that the coloring is carried out along the normal direction of the contact surface, this patent designs the contact part as a spherical contact head, which can ensure that the force on the coloring contact area is always along the normal direction of the contour.

2. The traditional three-dimensional coloring scheme is to color the entire cross-section layer while forming each layer of cross-section. The model formed in this way also has color inside the "invisible" model. The present invention only colors the periphery of the model, which greatly reduces the cost of pigments .

3. The mixing block can make the pigments pre-mix for the first time, and the rolling of the spherical contact head can make the pigments mix again. This design is equivalent to making the pigments go through the second mixing process, and the color mixing is more uniform.

4. The addition of spring flexible links can avoid rigid impact and prevent damage to workpieces and coloring devices.

5. The design structure is simple, the parts can be replaced partially or as a whole, and the cost is low, and the size of different coloring devices can be selected according to the processing requirements, which is convenient for serialization and standardization.

6. Due to the small overall size, it is also beneficial to reduce the color delay phenomenon in the coloring process.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a three-dimensional forming and coloring device in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a spherical contact head in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of injecting four kinds of pigments CMYK controlled by different control signals into the premixing area for preliminary mixing in one embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural diagram of mixing block in one embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a mixing block in one embodiment of the present invention;

Among the figure, comprise the first guide rod (110), the second guide rod (105), the 3rd guide rod (125), forming head (115), coloring head (120), support platform (130), spherical contact head ( 205), mixing block (210), heating resistor (215), paint channel (220), flexible link (225).

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is further described:

The device comprises a first guide rod (110), a second guide rod (105), a third guide rod (125), a forming head (115), a coloring head (120) and a supporting platform (130);

The forming head (115) can move along the y-axis along the first guide rod (110);

The first guide rod (110) can move along the x-axis along the second guide rod (105);

The support platform (130) is used to cooperate with the forming head (115) to complete the printing of the single-layer model;

The coloring head (120) is fixed on a third guide rod (125) for coloring the periphery of the model, and the third guide rod (125) has degrees of freedom of movement in x and y axes.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , the supporting platform 130 has a degree of freedom of z-axis movement and rotation around the z-axis. The forming head 115 can move along the y-axis along the guide rod 110 , the guide rod 110 can move along the x-axis along the guide rod 105 , and the forming head 115 can obtain two degrees of freedom of movement in the x and y axes. When working, the support platform 130 and the forming head 115 cooperate to complete the printing of the single-layer model. The coloring head 120 is fixed on the guide rod 125, and the guide rod 125 also has the freedom of movement of the x and y axes. At the same time, the coloring head 120 has a certain angle with the x and y planes to ensure good contact between the contact ball head and the model surface. During the forming head 115 forming a single layer model, the coloring head 120 does not work. After the single-layer model is formed, the forming head 115 moves to the far left, the coloring head 120 is in contact with the outer contour of the model, and the periphery of the model is colored through the 3-axis linkage of the platform 130 rotating around the z-axis and the xy-axis movement of the guide rod 125. This process only colors the outer contours of the model, thus reducing paint costs. After the single-layer model is formed through the above process, the platform 130 is lowered by one unit of layer thickness to start the processing of the lower layer section, thereby circularly processing a complete part with color information.

In one embodiment, the coloring head (120) includes a spherical contact head (205), a mixing block (210) and a pigment channel (220);

The pigment channel (220) is used to deliver the pigment to the ring groove on the mixing block (210);

The mixing block (210) is used to spray the pigment in the ring groove to the premixing area of the spherical contact head for preliminary mixing, and the pigment after the preliminary mixing further enters the rolling mixing area of the spherical contact head for secondary mixing of the pigment. secondary mix;

The spherical contact head (205) is used for contacting with the surface of the model to apply paint to the surface of the model.

In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, it is a structural schematic diagram of the coloring head (120), and the pigment is mixed twice in the spherical contact head, in order to make the pigment fully mixed, and the rolling of the spherical contact head can make the pigment complete Mixing again, this design is equivalent to making the pigment go through the secondary mixing process, and the color mixing is more uniform; during the coloring process, the spherical contact head is in contact with the surface of the model, and the pigment in the upper mixing area is driven to the surface of the model when rolling, and the spherical contact head The contact head (205) and the mixing block (210) and their fixing parts can be replaced as a whole to adapt to models of different materials and sizes and improve flexibility.

In one embodiment, the coloring head (120) further includes a flexible link (225); the flexible link is used to drive the coloring head (120) to contract when the device fails to avoid rigid impact.

In this embodiment, the flexible link may be a spring, an air pressure device and other components with contraction characteristics. When the program error or machine failure of the flexible link causes the contact pressure on the coloring head (120) to exceed the contact pressure during normal operation, the pressure will cause the flexible link to shrink automatically, thereby driving the coloring part to shrink, avoiding rigid impact and preventing damage to the workpiece and shaders.

In one embodiment, the coloring head (120) further includes a heating resistor (215), and the heating resistor (215) is embedded in the periphery of the pigment channel, and whether to heat and the heating temperature are selected according to the characteristics of different pigments.

In this embodiment, whether to heat and the heating temperature are selected according to factors such as viscosity and surface tension of different pigments. If the viscosity of the pigment is too high, the ink output of the spherical contact head (205) will be affected, and the viscosity suitable for coloring can be obtained by controlling the heating temperature.

More optimally, for example, when using weak solvent ink, the temperature needs to be controlled at 15°C to 35°C.

In one embodiment, the contact pressure between the spherical contact head (205) and the model should be kept so that the pigment in the mixing chamber can be driven to the surface of the model through the spherical contact head (205) without crushing the spherical contact head ( 205).

In this embodiment, an appropriate contact pressure should be maintained between the spherical contact head and the model. If the pressure is too low, the pigment in the mixing chamber cannot be driven to the surface of the model through the ball head. If the pressure is too high, the ball head will be crushed.

In one embodiment, the size of the spherical contact (205) is determined by the layer thickness of the model.

In this embodiment, the size of the spherical contact head depends on the thickness of the model layer. In order to ensure the coloring effect, the diameter of the spherical contact head should be larger than the thickness of the model layer.

In one embodiment, the mixing block (210) includes four holes representing four colors of CMYK, each hole has a channel leading to other holes at the bottom end, and the other end of each channel leads to the top of the corresponding hole .

In this embodiment, a specific structure is shown in Figure 5. The four large holes represent the four colors of CMYK, and there are channels leading to the other three color holes near the bottom of each large hole, and each channel The other end leads to the top of the corresponding larger hole, for example, there is a channel at the top of the black hole that leads to the bottom of the magenta hole, likewise there is a channel at the top of the magenta hole that leads to the bottom of the black hole, and so on for the other two , 4 uniformly distributed small mixing zones are formed in the concave mixing zone.

The above design can atomize the pigment to improve the mixing effect. Due to the extremely small diameter of the small hole, capillary action can prevent it from leaking ink when there is no control signal.

In one embodiment, the mixing block (210) includes four rings representing four kinds of CMYK pigments; after the pigment conveyed by the pigment channel (220) enters the ring groove on the mixing block (210), it is evenly distributed in the ring groove.

In this embodiment, a specific structure is shown in Figure 4. The four rings of different colors represent four kinds of CMYK pigments respectively, and the flow of each pigment channel is controlled by its own independent control signal. These signals are installed in the The chip at the bottom of the device (located on the upper part of the device shown in Figure 2, not shown) emits. After the pigment conveyed by the pigment channel 220 enters the ring groove on the mixing block 210, it is evenly distributed in the ring groove. Under the action of the control signal, it is sprayed out through the small holes on the ring groove. The holes allow the pigment to be sprayed concentratedly towards the pre-mixing area in Figure 3. Different control signals sent by the chip change the flow of the corresponding pigment channel, and mix the pigments with different flow ratios to achieve various colors.

In one embodiment, the spherical contact head (205) and the mixing block (210) and its fixing parts can be replaced as a whole to adapt to models of different materials and sizes.

In one embodiment, the coloring head (120) has an included angle with the x, y plane to ensure good contact between the contact ball head and the model surface, and the included angle is based on the contact characteristics of the workpiece and the spherical contact head (205), the workpiece The contour characteristics of the decision.

In this embodiment, the angle between the coloring head (120) and the x and y planes is generally controlled at 20°-55°, which is ideal, and if the angle is too small, the coloring head (120) will contact the support platform (130). If the included angle is too large, the contact ball head cannot make good contact with the periphery of the model.

In above-mentioned embodiment, coloring principle of the present invention is:

It is stipulated that the horizontal plane is the x, y plane, the vertical direction is the z-axis, and the right-handed coordinate system.

1. FIG. 1 is an overall rendering of the 3D printing and coloring device. The support platform 130 has a degree of freedom of z-axis movement and rotation around the z-axis.

2. The forming head 115 can move along the y-axis along the guide rod 110, the guide rod 110 can move along the x-axis along the guide rod 105, and the forming head 115 can obtain two degrees of freedom of movement in the x and y axes. When working, the support platform 130 and the forming head 115 cooperate to complete the printing of the single-layer model.

3. The coloring head 120 is fixed on the guide rod 125. The guide rod 125 also has the freedom of movement of the x and y axes. At the same time, the coloring head 120 has a certain angle with the x and y planes to ensure good contact between the contact ball head and the model surface .

4. The coloring head 120 does not work during the process of forming a single-layer model by the forming head 115 . After the single-layer model is formed, the forming head 115 moves to the far left, the coloring head 120 is in contact with the outer contour of the model, and the periphery of the model is colored through the 3-axis linkage of the platform 130 rotating around the z-axis and the xy-axis movement of the guide rod 125. This process only colors the outer contours of the model, thus reducing paint costs.

5. After the single-layer model is formed by the above process, the platform 130 is lowered by one unit of layer thickness to start the processing of the lower layer section, and thus the complete part with color information is processed circularly.

In one embodiment, the concrete structure of coloring head 120 is:

1. Including spherical contact head 205, mixing block 210, heating resistor 215 (optional, added according to material requirements), paint channel 220, flexible link 225, the overall structure is shown in Figure 2.

2. During the coloring process, the ball head is in contact with the surface of the model, and the paint in the upper mixing area is driven to the surface of the model when rolling. The spherical contact head, mixing block and its fixing parts can be replaced as a whole to adapt to models of different materials and sizes , to improve flexibility.

3. The role of the mixing block 210 is to inject the four kinds of pigments CMYK controlled by different control signals into the pre-mixing area for preliminary mixing, as shown in FIG. 3 .

In one embodiment, a specific structure of the mixing block 210 is shown in FIG. 4 , four rings of different colors respectively represent four kinds of CMYK pigments, and the flow of each pigment channel is controlled by an independent control signal, and these signals It is emitted by a chip mounted on the bottom of the device (located on the upper part of the device shown in Figure 2, not shown). After the pigment conveyed by the pigment channel 220 enters the ring groove on the mixing block 210, it is evenly distributed in the ring groove. Under the action of the control signal, it is sprayed out through the small holes on the ring groove. The holes allow the pigment to be sprayed concentratedly towards the pre-mixing area in Figure 3. Different control signals sent by the chip change the flow of the corresponding pigment channel, and mix the pigments with different flow ratios to achieve various colors.

In one embodiment, another specific structure of the mixing block 210 is shown in FIG. 5 , the four large holes represent the four colors of CMYK, and there are channels leading to the other three color holes near the bottom of each large hole, and The other end of each channel leads to the top of the corresponding larger hole, for example, there is a channel at the top of the black hole that leads to the bottom end of the magenta hole, likewise there is a channel at the top of the magenta hole that leads to the bottom end of the black hole, The other two are like this, forming 4 evenly distributed small mixing zones in the concave mixing zone.

The above design can atomize the pigment to improve the mixing effect. Due to the extremely small diameter of the small hole, capillary action can prevent it from leaking ink when there is no control signal.

4. Since the rolling of the ball head can also drive the pigments in the mixing area to mix, as shown in the rolling mixing area in Figure 3, secondary mixing can be performed to improve the mixing effect.

5. A heating resistor 215 is reserved, embedded in the periphery of the pigment channel, and whether to heat and the heating temperature are selected according to the characteristics of different pigments.

6. This design has joined flexible link 225. A specific solution is to use springs. When the program is wrong or the machine fails, the flexible link can drive the coloring part to shrink, avoiding rigid impact, and preventing damage to the workpiece and the coloring device.

7. There are no restrictions on the power supply of the pigment in the pipeline. Depending on the processing accuracy requirements and size conditions, you can choose to use stepping motors at the top for precise control, or use piezoelectric control and other solutions.

8. The spherical contact head and the model should maintain an appropriate contact pressure. If the pressure is too small, the pigment in the mixing chamber cannot be driven to the surface of the model through the ball head. If the pressure is too high, the ball head will be crushed.

9. The size of the spherical contact head depends on the thickness of the model layer. In order to ensure the coloring effect, the diameter of the ball head should be larger than the thickness of the model layer.

The present invention has the following advantages:

1. In order to obtain a better coloring effect, all three-dimensional coloring schemes require coloring along the normal direction of the coloring area, which brings great difficulties to the shape design and control of the coloring device. In order to ensure that the coloring is carried out along the normal direction of the contact surface, this patent designs the contact part as a spherical contact head, which can ensure that the force on the coloring contact area is always along the normal direction of the contour.

2. The traditional three-dimensional coloring scheme is to color the entire cross-section layer while forming each layer of cross-section. The model formed in this way also has color inside the "invisible" model. The present invention only colors the periphery of the model, which greatly reduces the cost of pigments .

3. The mixing block can make the pigments pre-mix for the first time, and the rolling of the spherical contact head can make the pigments mix again. This design is equivalent to making the pigments go through the second mixing process, and the color mixing is more uniform.

4. The addition of spring flexible links can avoid rigid impact and prevent damage to workpieces and coloring devices.

5. The design structure is simple, the parts can be replaced partially or as a whole, and the cost is low, and the size of different coloring devices can be selected according to the processing requirements, which is convenient for serialization and standardization.

6. Due to the small overall size, it is also beneficial to reduce the color delay phenomenon in the coloring process.

The description and application of the invention herein is illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to the above-described embodiments. Variations and modifications of the embodiments disclosed herein are possible, and substitutions and equivalents for various components of the embodiments are known to those of ordinary skill in the art. It should be clear to anyone skilled in the art that the present invention can be realized in other forms, structures, arrangements, proportions, and with other components, materials and parts without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Other modifications and changes may be made to the embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. a three-dimensional molding coloring device is characterized in that: the device comprises a first guide rod (110), a second guide rod (105), a third guide rod (125), a molding head (115), a coloring head ( 120) and support platform (130); The forming head (115) can move along the y-axis along the first guide rod (110); The first guide rod (110) can move along the x-axis along the second guide rod (105); The support platform (130) is used to cooperate with the forming head (115) to complete the printing of the single-layer model; The coloring head (120) is fixed on the third guide rod (125) for coloring the periphery of the model, and the third guide rod (125) has a degree of freedom of movement of the x and y axes; The coloring head (120) includes a spherical contact head (205), a mixing block (210) and a pigment channel (220); The pigment channel (220) is used to deliver the pigment to the ring groove on the mixing block (210); The mixing block (210) is used to spray the pigment in the ring groove to the premixing area of the spherical contact head for preliminary mixing, and the pigment after the preliminary mixing further enters the rolling mixing area of the spherical contact head for secondary mixing of the pigment. secondary mix; The spherical contact head (205) is used for contacting with the surface of the model to apply paint to the surface of the model. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coloring head (120) also includes a flexible link (225); the flexible link is used to drive the coloring head (120) when the device breaks down. ) shrink to avoid rigid impact. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coloring head (120) also includes a heating resistor (215), the heating resistor (215) is embedded in the periphery of the pigment channel, and is selected according to the characteristics of different pigments Whether to heat and the heating temperature. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the contact pressure between the spherical contact head (205) and the model should be kept at the point where the pigments in the premixing area and the rolling mixing area can be driven by the spherical contact head (205) to the surface of the model without crushing the spherical contact (205). 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the size of the spherical contact (205) is determined by the layer thickness of the model. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mixing block (210) comprises four holes representing four colors of CMYK, each hole bottom has a channel leading to other holes, each channel The other end leads to the top of the corresponding hole. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mixing block (210) comprises four rings representing CMYK four kinds of pigments; the pigment conveyed by the pigment channel (220) enters the mixing block (210) After the upper ring groove, it is evenly distributed in the ring groove. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spherical contact head (205), the mixing block (210) and its fixing parts can be replaced as a whole, so as to adapt to models of different materials and sizes. 9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coloring head (120) has an included angle with the x and y planes to ensure good contact between the contact ball head and the model surface, and the included angle is based on the contact between the workpiece and the spherical shape The contact characteristics of the head (205) and the contour characteristics of the workpiece are determined.