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CN105734408A - 高强韧性渗碳空冷掘进工具用钢及其生产方法 - Google Patents

高强韧性渗碳空冷掘进工具用钢及其生产方法 Download PDF

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CN105734408A
CN105734408A CN201610277175.6A CN201610277175A CN105734408A CN 105734408 A CN105734408 A CN 105734408A CN 201610277175 A CN201610277175 A CN 201610277175A CN 105734408 A CN105734408 A CN 105734408A
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steel
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梁益龙
雷旻
刘勇
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Guizhou Xinrui Huifeng Machinery Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/20Carburising
    • C23C8/22Carburising of ferrous surfaces

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高强韧性渗碳空冷掘进工具用钢及其生产方法,其成分重量百分比如下:C:0.10.40%,Si:0.71.3%,Mn:1.72.4%,Mo:0.10.3%,V:0.040.2%,Cr:0.702.0%,稀土元素Ce、La:0.0010.02%,余量铁。按上述配比的材料经冶炼成锭坯经1100℃锻轧成材,再经900℃加热后空冷:1100℃/min冷速获得贝氏体组织,100200℃/min冷速获得贝氏体+马氏体组织,经100300℃回火;该钢经900920℃渗碳后在10200℃/min冷速下常规空冷。本发明能增加韧性和塑性,使材料和掘进工具等构件具有最佳强韧性配合,显著延长掘进工具使用疲劳寿命。

Description

高强韧性渗碳空冷掘进工具用钢及其生产方法
技术领域
本发明涉及材料技术领域,具体来说涉及一种高强韧性渗碳空冷掘进工具用钢,同时还涉及该高强韧性渗碳空冷掘进工具用钢的生产方法。
背景技术
凿岩钎具为细长杆件,直接进行液体淬火容易导致变形严重无法使用,因此重型钎杆制造均采用低碳合金钢加工成形后进行渗碳风冷淬火、低温回火以降低淬火变形。在表面渗碳层获得马氏体、心部获得马氏体加贝氏体作为最终使用组织。然而这类钢目前大多采用低碳Ni-Cr系钢,它具有性能稳定,强韧性优良,缺口敏感性低、渗碳后表层碳浓度梯度平缓等优点。但较高的Ni含量导致材料成本显著增加,同时这类材料渗碳后表层显微组织较粗大,这对提高钎杆的疲劳寿命不利。为此有人采用低成本的Si--Mn--Mo系低中碳贝氏体钢来代替Ni-Cr系钢以降低成本,这类钢渗碳后在适当空冷冷速条件下,可以获得高的强韧性,其空冷淬透性良好,整个截面上可以获得均匀的贝氏体组织。但Si-Mn-Mo-稀土系空冷贝氏体钢在大尺寸构件心部空冷条件下,易于出现先共析铁素体和岛状贝氏体甚至岛状组织,从而大幅降低了空冷条件下的强韧性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述缺点而提供的一种能增加韧性和塑性,使材料和掘进工具等构件具有最佳强韧性配合,显著延长掘进工具使用疲劳寿命的高强韧性渗碳空冷掘进工具用钢。
本发明的另一目的在于提供该高强韧性渗碳空冷掘进工具用钢的生产方法。
本发明的一种高强韧性渗碳空冷掘进工具用钢,其成分重量百分比如下:
C:0.1-0.40%,Si:0.7-1.3%,Mn:1.7-2.4%,Mo:0.1-0.3%,V:0.04-0.2%,Cr:0.70-2.0%,稀土元素Ce、La:0.001-0.02%,余量铁。
一种高强韧性渗碳空冷掘进工具用钢的生产方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)上述配比的材料经冶炼成锭坯经1100℃锻轧成材,再经900℃加热后空冷:1-100℃/min冷速获得贝氏体组织,100-200℃/min冷速获得贝氏体+马氏体组织;经100-300℃回火;
(2)该钢经900-920℃渗碳后在10-200℃/min冷速下常规空冷。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有明显的有益效果,从以上技术方案可知:本发明是在Si-Mn-Mo-稀土基础上添加合金元素Cr,同时添加Cr与稀土合金元素具有以下重要作用:一是细化晶粒和细化组织共同作用效果高于单独稀土元素Ce和La和无稀土的Si-Mn-Mo-Cr系贝氏体钢,细化空冷过程中贝氏体组织和马氏体组织,使材料强韧性显著提高。二是推迟该钢的贝氏体转变海湾区,增加了贝氏体相变孕育区,降低贝氏体转变Bs点,更倾向于获得性能优异的过渡形态细化的束状或者针状贝氏体组织;这就大幅提高了该钢的空冷获得贝氏体组织的淬透性,可以在直径100mm条件下,获得过渡形态贝氏体。三是渗碳过程中与碳结合形成Cr系碳化物,促进工件表层对活性碳原子的吸附,提高表面碳浓度,形成高碳浓度梯度,增加了渗碳速率,提高了表面硬度。同时提升材料的表面渗层压应力,有利于提高掘进工具的抗疲劳裂纹扩展能力;四是在保证渗层表面有效硬度的前提下,Cr的加入及其表层Cr系碳化物的形成,均显著提高钢的马氏体及贝氏体组织的回火稳定性,从而可通过提高回火温度达到进一步提高其心部强韧性目的,进而对材料强韧性起到重要作用,以达到大幅延长掘进工具的使用寿命的目的。
通过多炉次熔炼实验和分析,经添加Cr与稀土合金元素共同作用,本发明在1-100℃/min冷速范围内整个截面可以获得均匀的贝氏体组织,超过100℃/min冷速可获得部分马氏体组织,具有良好的空冷淬透性,明显细化过渡形态贝氏体和马氏体中的亚组织片条尺寸,从而使韧性和塑性都有提高。采用本发明,在对凿岩掘进工具渗碳后明显提高表面渗层硬度和心部硬度,渗层碳浓度分布也有明显改善,并可通过提高回火温度来调节控制强度增加韧性和塑性,使材料和掘进工具等构件具有最佳强韧性配合,明显提升材料和掘进工具等构件的表面渗层压应力,显著延长掘进工具使用疲劳寿命。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
一种高强韧性渗碳空冷掘进工具用钢的生产方法,包括以下步骤:
C:0.28%,Si:1.05%,Mn:2.2%,Mo:0.28%,V:0.10%,Cr:1.8%,稀土元素Ce、La:0.012%,余量铁。
(1)上述配比的材料经冶炼成锭坯经1100℃锻轧成材,再经900℃加热后空冷:50℃/min冷速获得贝氏体组织,经250℃回火均具有优异的强韧性;
(2)该钢经900℃渗碳后在100℃/min冷速下常规空冷。经检测:表面硬度为HRC62.4,无内氧化缺陷,心部HRC54.1,表面压应力(负值)的绝对值达到400MPa以上。
实施例2:
一种高强韧性渗碳空冷掘进工具用钢的生产方法,包括以下步骤:
C:0.1%,Si:0.7%,Mn:1.7%,Mo:0.3%,V:0.2%,Cr:0.70%,稀土元素Ce、La:0.02%,余量铁。
(1)上述配比的材料经冶炼成锭坯经1100℃锻轧成材,再经900℃加热后空冷:100℃/min冷速获得贝氏体+马氏体组织,经100℃回火均具有优异的强韧性;
(2)该钢经920℃渗碳后在200℃/min冷速下常规空冷。经检测:表面硬度为HRC63,无内氧化缺陷,心部HRC55,表面压应力(负值)的绝对值达到400MPa以上。
实施例3:
一种高强韧性渗碳空冷掘进工具用钢的生产方法,包括以下步骤:
C:0.40%,Si:1.3%,Mn:2.4%,Mo:0.3%,V:0.04%,Cr:2.0%,稀土元素Ce、La:0.001%,余量铁。
(1)上述配比的材料经冶炼成锭坯经1100℃锻轧成材,再经900℃加热后空冷:200℃/min冷速获得贝氏体+马氏体组织,经300℃回火均具有优异的强韧性;
(2)该钢经900℃渗碳后在10℃/min冷速下常规空冷。经检测:表面硬度为HRC57,无内氧化缺陷,心部HRC38,表面压应力(负值)的绝对值达到400MPa以上。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,任何未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (2)

1.一种高强韧性渗碳空冷掘进工具用钢,其成分重量百分比如下:
C:0.1-0.40%,Si:0.7-1.3%,Mn:1.7-2.4%,Mo:0.1-0.3%,V:0.04-0.2%,Cr:0.70-2.0%,稀土元素Ce、La:0.001-0.02%,余量铁。
2.如权利要求1所述的高强韧性渗碳空冷掘进工具用钢的生产方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)上述配比的材料经冶炼成锭坯经1100℃锻轧成材,再经900℃加热后空冷:1-100℃/min冷速获得贝氏体组织,100-200℃/min冷速获得贝氏体+马氏体组织;经100-300℃回火;
(2)该钢经900-920℃渗碳后在10-200℃/min冷速下常规空冷。
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CN115094336A (zh) * 2022-07-22 2022-09-23 贵州惠沣众一机械制造有限公司 一种抗高温热嵌合金齿钎头用钢及其热处理加工工艺
CN115323313A (zh) * 2022-08-16 2022-11-11 贵州惠沣众一机械制造有限公司 一种高品质低成本的凿岩钎具的生产方法

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CN105018859A (zh) * 2015-07-30 2015-11-04 中煤张家口煤矿机械有限责任公司 一种耐磨贝氏体铸钢及其制备方法
CN105063510A (zh) * 2015-08-11 2015-11-18 东北大学 一种高塑性700MPa级冷轧耐候双相钢及其制备方法

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CN103409689A (zh) * 2013-07-31 2013-11-27 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司 一种稀土处理的铁路辙叉专用贝氏体/马氏体钢
CN105018859A (zh) * 2015-07-30 2015-11-04 中煤张家口煤矿机械有限责任公司 一种耐磨贝氏体铸钢及其制备方法
CN105063510A (zh) * 2015-08-11 2015-11-18 东北大学 一种高塑性700MPa级冷轧耐候双相钢及其制备方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115094336A (zh) * 2022-07-22 2022-09-23 贵州惠沣众一机械制造有限公司 一种抗高温热嵌合金齿钎头用钢及其热处理加工工艺
CN115323313A (zh) * 2022-08-16 2022-11-11 贵州惠沣众一机械制造有限公司 一种高品质低成本的凿岩钎具的生产方法

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