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CN105726109A - 胫骨髁间隆突骨折记忆合金加压固定针 - Google Patents

胫骨髁间隆突骨折记忆合金加压固定针 Download PDF

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CN105726109A
CN105726109A CN201610257493.6A CN201610257493A CN105726109A CN 105726109 A CN105726109 A CN 105726109A CN 201610257493 A CN201610257493 A CN 201610257493A CN 105726109 A CN105726109 A CN 105726109A
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fixing pin
memory alloy
tibial
pin
fractures
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王京生
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/683—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin comprising bone transfixation elements, e.g. bolt with a distal cooperating element such as a nut
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/685—Elements to be fitted on the end of screws or wires, e.g. protective caps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B2017/00831—Material properties
    • A61B2017/00867—Material properties shape memory effect
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B2017/564—Methods for bone or joint treatment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B2017/681—Alignment, compression, or distraction mechanisms

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种胫骨髁间隆突骨折记忆合金加压固定针，包括针体，所述针体为记忆合金，前端为弯钩，尾部设有螺纹，与加压螺母配合连接；所述加压螺母体部为管状，带有内螺纹，尾端为膨大状；弯钩在冰水浸泡后可将弯钩变直，恢复常温后弯钩自动回复钩状。本发明适用于所有胫骨髁间隆突骨折，不论骨折块大小及粉碎程度，可以在关节镜监视下微创操，每根固定针只需一条胫骨骨隧道，手术操作方便快捷，缩短手术时间，本固定属于刚性固定，骨折固定牢固，可以早期功能锻炼，胫骨骨道细，创伤小，同时适用于骨骺未闭合的青少年胫骨髁间隆突骨折。

Description

胫骨髁间隆突骨折记忆合金加压固定针
技术领域
本发明属于医疗器械技术领域，具体地说涉及一种对胫骨髁间隆突骨折关节镜下微创复位固定的记忆合金加压固定针。
背景技术
胫骨髁间隆突骨折是前交叉韧带在胫骨髁间附着止点处的撕脱性骨折,随着运动创伤和交通事故的不断增多,目前该类骨折的发生率呈不断增高的趋势。由于髁间隆突是交叉韧带的附着点,不正确的治疗会导致日后膝关节不稳,并可继发关节内主要结构损伤,严重影响膝关节功能。随着膝关节镜技术的逐渐成熟、普及，微创治疗胫骨髁间隆突撕脱骨折已成为发展趋复位。目前对胫骨髁间隆突骨折进行固定的器械主要有空心螺钉，可吸收钉，钢丝，可吸收线，Ethibond线及钛缆。空心螺钉及可吸收钉固定仅适用于骨快较大且完整患者，且由于股骨阻挡，空心钉及可吸收钉在拧入时只能由前上方向后下方拧入，螺钉拧入方向与骨折块夹角较小，膝关节活动时前交叉韧带对螺钉的牵拉方向与螺钉拧入方形为90度左右，剪切力较大，容易造成螺钉松动引起固定失败，且螺钉拧入方向朝向腘窝，有损伤腘窝内血管神经风险。可吸收螺钉强度不够，术后需较长时间制动。钢丝固定符合张力带原则，但细钢丝强度较小，且容易造成组织切割；粗钢丝强度好，但刚度大，柔韧性差，手术操作难度增加。Ethibond线属于软性固定，在关节活动时容易出现固定线延长而使固定失效；钛缆固定强度高，柔韧性好，但钛缆的柔韧性使其在穿过前交叉韧带时操作比较困难，且钛缆固定也属于捆扎固定，可能出现组织切割，所有捆扎固定均需在胫骨钻2条以上骨隧道，增加创伤。
发明内容
本发明为了解决上述问题而提供了一种胫骨髁间隆突骨折记忆合金加压固定针。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：胫骨髁间隆突骨折记忆合金加压固定针，包括针体，所述针体为记忆合金，前端为弯钩，在冰水浸泡后可将弯钩变直，通过胫骨及胫骨髁间隆突骨折块骨道插入关节并恢复常温后弯钩自动回复钩状，钩住胫骨髁间隆突骨折块，尾部设有螺纹，与加压螺母配合连接；所述加压螺母体部为管状，带有内螺纹，尾端为膨大状。旋转螺母可缩短螺帽与记忆合金钩之间的距离从而产生骨折加压。
本发明的有益效果是：本实发明适用于所有胫骨髁间隆突骨折，不论骨折块大小及粉碎程度，可以在关节镜监视下微创操，每根固定针只需一条胫骨骨隧道，手术操作方便快捷，缩短手术时间，本固定属于刚性固定，骨折固定牢固，可以早期功能锻炼，胫骨骨道细，创伤小，同时适用于骨骺未闭合的青少年胫骨髁间隆突骨折。
附图说明
图1为本发明针体的结构示意图；
图2为本发明加压螺母的结构示意图；
图3为本发明的结构示意图；
图4为本发明在冰盐水浸泡后用折弯钳伸直的示意图；
图5为本发明应用时的示意图。
零件说明：1、针体，2、弯钩，3、螺纹，4、加压螺母。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解与实施，下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述：胫骨髁间隆突骨折记忆合金加压固定针，包括针体1，针体1为记忆合金材质，前端为弯钩2，尾部设有螺纹3，与加压螺母4配合连接，加压螺母4体部为管状，带有内螺纹，尾端为膨大状，便于阻挡螺母进入骨隧道。
加压固定针由记忆合金制作，有刚性锐利尖端弯钩2，弯钩2在常温下为钩状，冰水浸泡后可用器械将其伸直，复温后因金属记忆作用重新变成钩状，从而钩住骨折块，固定针的尾部有螺纹，加压螺母旋转时通过改变螺帽与针钩之间的距离对骨折块进行加压固定。加压螺母尾端膨大，在加压过程中起阻挡作用，体部为带螺纹套管，其螺纹与固定针尾部螺纹配合。
关节镜下证实胫骨髁间隆突骨折并移位后，清理骨折断端软组织及血块，用探钩将骨折复位，克氏针临时固定，将ACL导向器出口端安放在胫骨髁间隆突骨折块正中的记忆合金针出针点，调整ACL导向器角度使胫骨隧道方向与前交叉韧带方向基本平行，用普通克氏针在胫骨结节内侧向胫骨髁间隆突骨折处钻孔，建立胫骨骨隧道，用空心钻将骨道近侧半扩大。将记忆合金针放入冰盐水，用折弯器将针体前端的弯钩2伸直。拔出克氏针，测定骨道长度，插入相应长度记忆合金针，直到记忆合金针弯曲处进入关节腔，向关节腔内灌注37℃热盐水，使记忆合金针前端的弯钩恢复原状，向远侧牵拉记忆合金钩，使前端弯钩钩住胫骨髁间隆突骨折块，旋转记忆合金针尾端加压螺帽逐渐加压，直到骨折稳定，剪去螺帽外侧记忆合金针过长部分，拔出骨折块临时固定克氏针，完成骨折固定，如骨折仍不稳定，可用相同方法打入第2根或第3根记忆合金针。骨折愈合后，可在关节镜监视下向关节内灌注冰盐水，用折弯器将记忆合金针的弯钩伸直，从螺帽固定端直接拔出记忆合金针。

Claims (3)

1.胫骨髁间隆突骨折记忆合金加压固定针，包括针体（1），其特征在于所述针体（1）为记忆合金，前端为弯钩（2），尾部设有螺纹（3），与加压螺母（4）配合连接。
2.如权利要求1所述的胫骨髁间隆突骨折记忆合金加压固定针，其特征在于所述加压螺母（4）体部为管状，带有内螺纹，尾端为膨大状。
3.如权利要求1所述的胫骨髁间隆突骨折记忆合金加压固定针，其特征在于所述弯钩（2）在冰水浸泡后可将弯钩变直，恢复常温后弯钩（2）自动回复钩状。
CN201610257493.6A 2016-04-25 2016-04-25 胫骨髁间隆突骨折记忆合金加压固定针 Pending CN105726109A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106963520A (zh) * 2017-04-13 2017-07-21 安徽省立医院 髋臼外杯
CN114681030A (zh) * 2022-03-02 2022-07-01 武汉嘉一三维技术应用有限公司 一种后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱性骨折固定装置及使用方法

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CN2164263Y (zh) * 1993-07-09 1994-05-11 中国人民解放军第二二四医院 内外踝记忆持续加压接骨器
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US20090275946A1 (en) * 2008-05-05 2009-11-05 Duncan Scott F M Intramedullary Fixation Device for Small Bone Fractures
CN201920890U (zh) * 2011-01-10 2011-08-10 张建林 一种骨科手术用带尾帽长钩型螺钉
CN203677222U (zh) * 2014-01-17 2014-07-02 王京生 一种关节镜下胫骨髁间隆突骨折固定装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0619982A2 (en) * 1993-03-12 1994-10-19 Mitek Surgical Products, Inc Surgical anchor
CN2164263Y (zh) * 1993-07-09 1994-05-11 中国人民解放军第二二四医院 内外踝记忆持续加压接骨器
CN201036563Y (zh) * 2006-03-30 2008-03-19 杨洪武 动态加压交锁髓内钉
US20090275946A1 (en) * 2008-05-05 2009-11-05 Duncan Scott F M Intramedullary Fixation Device for Small Bone Fractures
CN201920890U (zh) * 2011-01-10 2011-08-10 张建林 一种骨科手术用带尾帽长钩型螺钉
CN203677222U (zh) * 2014-01-17 2014-07-02 王京生 一种关节镜下胫骨髁间隆突骨折固定装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106963520A (zh) * 2017-04-13 2017-07-21 安徽省立医院 髋臼外杯
CN114681030A (zh) * 2022-03-02 2022-07-01 武汉嘉一三维技术应用有限公司 一种后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱性骨折固定装置及使用方法

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