A kind of planthopper field catches harvester and using method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of planthopper field and catch harvester and using method thereof.
Background technology
Planthopper, belong to Insecta Homoptera (Homoptera) Delphacidae (Delphacidae), being the important pests in Oryza sativa L. grain-production, the planthopper of Oryza sativa L. of causing harm is mainly brown paddy plant hopper (Nilaparvatalugens), white backed planthopper (Sogatellafurcifera) and small brown rice planthopper (Laodelphaxstriatellus).Especially when brown paddy plant hopper and white backed planthopper great outburst, often result in Oryza sativa L. and step on circle, cause the Oryza glutinosa underproduction, planthopper also can propagate Rice Virus, and in a word, planthopper is extremely serious at China's occurring and damage, often result in heavy economic losses, be one of significant threat of producing of China Oryza sativa L. grain security.In recent years, along with the factors such as global climate and environment changes, China's tradition rice cropping and cropping system also there occurs huge transformation, the continuous popularization and application of high yield and high quality new rice variety, the composite factors such as the chemicals such as agriculture chemical come into operation in a large number, the occurring and damage of planthopper and infestation regularity are also constantly changing, planthopper occurring and damage is in constantly increasing the weight of trend, the outburst frequency of planthopper, occurring and damage area, the indexs such as field population number all constantly record high, research of agricultural science and the great attention of grain-production department need to be caused, reinforcement monitoring and early warning need to be continued through, take effective prevention in time and control technical measures, guarantee the safety of China's Oryza sativa L. grain-production.
How planthopper continuous and effective being controlled is the important tasks of science of all plant protection scientific workers, this needs constantly strengthen scientific research and observe and predict early warning work, and these research-on-researches all be unable to do without desk research and field field investigation, such as, carrying out prediction, field efficiency test is evaluated, in the research process such as indoor biological determination of activity, a large amount of planthoppers need to be gathered from field investigation and seizure, owing to the feature of planthopper is small, breeding is fast, adult has wing to fly, nymph is good at jumping, the difficulty that field observation and seizure gather planthopper is big, in addition, it is all at autumn in summer high temperature season occurring and damage due to planthopper, field gathers and the working strength of investigation planthopper is also very big.The national standard of planthopper field Censes Methods is to adopt ocular estimate, the feature of kind jumping and the difference of artificial range estimation can be flown due to planthopper, often there is huge error in the test data investigated, cannot accurately reflecting field practical situation, the science of survey data and accuracy also cannot be effectively ensured;The traditional seizure acquisition method of planthopper utilizes porcelain dish, clap net, the instruments such as pest sucking device, these methods have common shortcoming, it is exactly that working procedure is loaded down with trivial details, inefficiency, and workload and labor intensity are big, currently also there are some Patent designs with handle strainer as planthopper sampling instrument, planthopper is allowed to fall within the rice field water surface by rice clump of flapping, then pick up planthopper with strainer and shift in loading container, the method there is also obvious deficiency, cannot realize normally picking up planthopper when water depth in rice field is inadequate, and, the dense collection of rice in rice field, the spacing distance of rice clump is little, operation easier is big, in addition, in rice field, the water surface often has a large amount of Herba Spirodelae and weeds etc., this technical operation difficulty is made to strengthen further.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of simple in construction, easy to use, it is possible to the planthopper field catching planthopper fast and effectively catches harvester and using method thereof.
To achieve these goals, one technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of planthopper field catches harvester, including the cone for directly catching planthopper from rice plant, described pyramidal upper end is fixed with curved handle, described pyramidal lower end is fixed with the cylindrical container for holding planthopper, upper end, described pyramidal side offers the arc notch for putting into rice plant, and described pyramidal upper end is extended with the curved baffle for importing in cone by planthopper.
Further, being provided with the filter screen of circle between described cone and cylindrical container, the diameter of the filter opening of described filter screen is 0.5-5mm.
Further, the height dimension of described curved baffle is 5-10cm, and described curved baffle is arranged at the both sides of curved handle, and described curved baffle is positioned at the offside of arc notch.
Further, described pyramidal height dimension is 10-20cm, and the internal diameter on described pyramidal top is 10-20cm, and the internal diameter of described pyramidal bottom is 2-6cm.
Further, the width dimensions of described arc notch is 4-8cm, and the height dimension of described arc notch is 4-8cm.
Further, the top of described cylindrical container is provided with opening, the internal diameter of described opening is 2-6cm, described opening is spirally connected or is socketed with sealing square, the circular gauze being provided centrally with for keeping cylindrical container inner air flow of described sealing square, the diameter in the yarn hole of described gauze is 0.1-0.15mm, and described cylindrical container is dismountable to be spirally connected or is socketed in pyramidal bottom.
Further, described curved baffle, cone and cylindrical container are made by transparent plastic, and described curved handle is made up of plastics or metal material.
A kind of planthopper field catches the using method of harvester, comprises the following steps:
(1) as when field planthopper population quantity is carried out the use of non-precision researching tool, hand-held curved handle, by the arc notch of the cone side side against rice clump base portion, pat rice clump, the planthopper on rice clump is made to fall in cone, filter screen makes planthopper rest in cone, is parked in the planthopper quantity bottom cone by eye estimate;
(2) when field planthopper population quantity is carried out accurately investigation or a large amount of seizure collection full growing stage planthopper instrument use by conduct, at cone lower connecting tube body container, hand-held curved handle, by the arc notch of the cone side side against rice clump base portion, pat rice clump, the planthopper on rice clump is made to fall in cone, and make planthopper pass through in filter screen entrance cylindrical container, then from cone, take off sealing square on cylindrical container bonnet, take back the quantity of indoor accurately numeration investigation planthopper or transfer in other container;
(3) when catching collection planthopper nymph instrument use as field, hand-held curved handle, by the arc notch of the cone side side against rice clump base portion, pat rice clump, the planthopper on rice clump is made to fall in cone, and make the planthopper nymph of required collection be entered in cylindrical container by filter screen, from cone, then take off sealing square on cylindrical container bonnet, take back laboratory or transfer in other container.
Further, in step (1), the aperture of the filter opening of described filter screen is less than 0.5mm, and in step (2), the aperture of the filter opening of described filter screen is 5cm, and in step (3), described filter screen includes several can only hold the filter opening that a planthopper nymph passes through.
Compared with prior art, the invention have the advantages that making is simple, easy to use, quickly and efficiently field planthopper population can be investigated, the seizure collection of quantity statistics and test insecticide, carry out the researchs such as bioassay for indoor and provide the test insecticide of abundance, significantly reduce labor intensity, improve research work efficiency, and be effectively increased reliability and the degree of accuracy of science investigation and test data.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the organigram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the organigram of cylindrical container;
Fig. 3 is the use view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Labelling in figure: 1-curved handle, 2-curved baffle, 3-cone, 301-arc notch, 4-filter screen, 5-cylindrical container, 501-seals square, 6-rice plant, 7-planthopper.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to allow the features described above of the present invention and advantage become apparent, special embodiment below, and coordinate accompanying drawing, it is described in detail below.
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ 3, a kind of planthopper field catches harvester, including the cone 3 for directly catching planthopper from rice plant, the upper end of described cone 3 is fixed with curved handle 1, the lower end of described cone 3 is fixed with the cylindrical container 5 for holding planthopper, the upper end, side of described cone 3 offers the arc notch 301 for putting into rice plant, and the upper end of described cone 3 is extended with the curved baffle 2 for being imported by planthopper in cone 3.
In the present embodiment, being provided with the filter screen 4 of circle between described cone 3 and cylindrical container 5, the diameter of the filter opening of described filter screen 4 is 0.5-5mm.
In the present embodiment, the height dimension of described curved baffle 2 is 5-10cm, described curved baffle 2 is arranged at the both sides of curved handle 1, described curved baffle 2 is positioned at the offside of arc notch 301, the planthopper descended slowly and lightly to flap-wise when patting rice clump can be kept off in cone 3 by curved baffle 2 effectively, quantity that planthopper run away or fall into rice field is greatly decreased, when improving the accuracy of survey data further and be used for gathering planthopper as test insecticide, it is possible to quickly catch and collect substantial amounts of planthopper.
In the present embodiment, the height dimension of described cone 3 is 10-20cm, and the internal diameter on the top of described cone 3 is 10-20cm, and the internal diameter of the bottom of described cone 3 is 2-6cm.
In the present embodiment, the width dimensions of described arc notch 301 is 4-8cm, and the height dimension of described arc notch 301 is 4-8cm.
In the present embodiment, the top of described cylindrical container 5 is provided with opening, the internal diameter of described opening is 2-6cm, described opening is spirally connected or is socketed with sealing square 501, the circular gauze being provided centrally with for keeping cylindrical container 5 inner air flow of described sealing square 501, the diameter in the yarn hole of described gauze is 0.1-0.15mm, the dismountable bottom being spirally connected or be socketed in cone 3 of described cylindrical container 5.
In the present embodiment, described curved baffle 2, cone 3 and cylindrical container 5 are made by transparent plastic, and described curved handle 1 is made up of plastics or metal material.
A kind of planthopper field catches the using method of harvester, comprises the following steps:
(1) as when field planthopper population quantity is carried out the use of non-precision researching tool, hand-held curved handle 1, by the arc notch 301 of cone 3 side against the side of rice clump base portion, pat rice clump, the planthopper on rice clump is made to fall in cone 3, filter screen 4 makes planthopper rest in cone 3, is parked in the planthopper quantity bottom cone 3 by eye estimate;
(2) when field planthopper population quantity is carried out accurately investigation or a large amount of seizure collection full growing stage planthopper instrument use by conduct, at cone 3 lower connecting tube body container 5, hand-held curved handle 1, by the arc notch 301 of cone 3 side against the side of rice clump base portion, pat rice clump, the planthopper on rice clump is made to fall in cone 3, and make planthopper pass through filter screen 4 to enter in cylindrical container 5, then from cone 3, take off sealing square 501 on cylindrical container 5 bonnet, take back the quantity of indoor accurately numeration investigation planthopper or transfer in other container;
(3) when catching collection planthopper nymph instrument use as field, hand-held curved handle 1, by the arc notch 301 of cone 3 side against the side of rice clump base portion, pat rice clump, the planthopper on rice clump is made to fall in cone 3, and make the planthopper nymph of required collection enter in cylindrical container 5 by filter screen 4, from cone 3, then take off sealing square 501 on cylindrical container 5 bonnet, take back laboratory or transfer in other container.
In the present embodiment, in step (1), the aperture of the filter opening of described filter screen 4 is less than 0.5mm, in step (2), the aperture of the filter opening of described filter screen 4 is 5cm, and in step (3), described filter screen 4 includes several can only hold the filter opening that a planthopper nymph passes through.
In the present embodiment, this installation cost is low, it is simple, easy to use to make, and the curved handle 1 of setting, curved baffle 2, cone 3 compact siro spinning technology become a firm entirety, it is simple to the seizure collection of planthopper is implemented in field operation;The side of cone 3 is provided with arc notch 301, when its effect is can to catch collection planthopper in field, arc notch 301 is tightly entangled rice clump, then pass through beating rice clump base portion, planthopper is made to fall in cone 3, decrease the quantity that planthopper runs away or falls into rice field, reduce conventional survey and adopt gross visualization numeration to fly at the methods such as water surface planthopper quantity and there is the defects such as huge personal error, the accuracy of survey data is greatly improved;During for gathering planthopper as test insecticide, it is possible to quickly catch and collect substantial amounts of planthopper, field of significantly reducing over gathers labor intensity and the work efficiency of planthopper method;And the planthopper descended slowly and lightly when patting rice clump can be kept off in cone 3 by curved baffle 2, reduce planthopper further and fall into the quantity in rice field, reduce further conventional survey adopts gross visualization numeration to fly at the methods such as water surface planthopper quantity and there is the defects such as huge personal error, improves the accuracy of survey data further;The aperture of the filter opening of filter screen 4 is 0.5-5mm, when field planthopper population quantity carries out non-precision investigation, can adopt the filter screen 4 of small-bore filter opening less than 0.5mm, it is ensured that the planthopper falling into cone 3 is all parked on filter screen 4, it is simple to estimate planthopper quantity;When field planthopper population quantity being carried out the planthopper of accurately investigation or a large amount of seizure full growing stage of collection, it is possible to adopt the filter screen 4 of the filter opening of 5mm, it is ensured that the planthopper falling into cone 3 falls in cylindrical container 5 all through filter screen 4;When needing to catch the planthopper nymph gathering different worm size in age from field, it is possible to by adjusting the size of the filter opening of filter screen 4, it is possible to the planthopper making test required is fallen in cylindrical container 5 by filter screen 4.This outer leaching net 4 can also effectively stop the foreign material such as weeds or other large-scale insecticide to fall in cylindrical container 5;Cylindrical container 5 and cone 3 adopt the socket of dismountable spigot-and-socket or screw connection structure, it is simple to quick-replaceable container, in order to more efficiently capture and collect substantial amounts of planthopper;Cylindrical container 5 is provided with sealing square 501, sealing square 501 and cylindrical container 5 adopt the socket of dismountable spigot-and-socket or screw connection structure, it is possible to prevent seizure to gather the planthopper dropped in cylindrical container 5 to run away, as test insecticide in being convenient for accurate metering or being carried to laboratory, the central authorities of sealing square 501 are provided with gauze, the pore size 0.1-0.15mm of gauze, make the planthopper being contained in container can be normally ventilated, it is ensured that to take back the survival rate of planthopper examination worm in laboratory.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equalizations done according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to the covering scope of the present invention.