CN105722265A - Method and apparatus for heating composite material by microwave in directional radiation manner - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for heating composite material by microwave in directional radiation manner Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000011415 microwave curing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/80—Apparatus for specific applications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/72—Radiators or antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/72—Radiators or antennas
- H05B6/725—Rotatable antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2206/00—Aspects relating to heating by electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields covered by group H05B6/00
- H05B2206/04—Heating using microwaves
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Abstract
一种微波定向辐射加热复合材料的方法和装置，采用一个或多个可调整辐射方向、辐射面积和辐射功率的定向微波天线，加热固化复合材料的不同区域。由微波天线（7）发射的微波经椭圆面反射板（6）反射实现对微波的定向辐射；通过微波天线（7）在滑动机构（3）内的移动调整其在椭圆面反射板（6）轴线上焦点附近的位置，实现对辐射区域面积的控制；通过转动万向波导（1）调整微波的辐射方向；通过调整万向波导（1）端口的入射功率调节微波在复合材料（8）上的辐射功率。本发明可以实现辐射面积连续可调、辐射方向任意变化、辐射功率实时调节的复合材料微波固化定向辐射。
A method and device for heating composite materials by microwave directional radiation, using one or more directional microwave antennas that can adjust the radiation direction, radiation area and radiation power, to heat and cure different regions of the composite material. The microwave emitted by the microwave antenna (7) is reflected by the elliptical reflector (6) to realize the directional radiation of the microwave; the movement of the microwave antenna (7) in the sliding mechanism (3) adjusts its position on the elliptical reflector (6) The position near the focal point on the axis realizes the control of the area of the radiation area; the radiation direction of the microwave is adjusted by rotating the universal waveguide (1); the microwave is adjusted on the composite material (8) by adjusting the incident power of the port of the universal waveguide (1) radiation power. The invention can realize the composite material microwave solidified directional radiation with continuously adjustable radiation area, arbitrary change of radiation direction and real-time adjustment of radiation power.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种微波加热技术，尤其是一种微波定向加热复合材料的技术，具体地说是一种微波定向辐射加热复合材料的方法及装置。 The invention relates to a microwave heating technology, in particular to a microwave directional heating composite material technology, in particular to a microwave directional radiation heating composite material method and device.
背景技术 Background technique
众所周知，微波加热固化技术是以低频电磁波穿透复合材料，在材料内部将微波能转换成热能，对复合材料里外进行均匀加热的技术。此工艺方法具有速度快、能耗低和热惯性小等一系列优点，可以快速、高效、均匀加热固化复合材料零件。 As we all know, microwave heating and curing technology is a technology that penetrates composite materials with low-frequency electromagnetic waves, converts microwave energy into heat energy inside the material, and uniformly heats the inside and outside of the composite material. This process method has a series of advantages such as fast speed, low energy consumption and small thermal inertia, and can quickly, efficiently and uniformly heat and cure composite parts.
在现有的复合材料微波固化装置中，多采用磁控管作为微波发生装置，辐射出的微波经波导管传输至加热腔体内部，对放置在腔体内部的复合材料进行介电加热。但该微波固化技术存在微波功率分布不均匀、功率不能定向调整等问题，而现有的功率控制技术多是通过磁控管的开关来调节腔体内部的整体微波功率，针对不均匀的微波功率不能定向调整，既不能满足被加热物体均匀加热的要求，也无法对被加热物体进行局部选择加热。 In the existing microwave curing devices for composite materials, magnetrons are often used as microwave generators, and the radiated microwaves are transmitted to the inside of the heating cavity through waveguides, and the composite materials placed inside the cavity are dielectrically heated. However, this microwave curing technology has problems such as uneven distribution of microwave power and directional adjustment of power, and the existing power control technology mostly uses the switch of the magnetron to adjust the overall microwave power inside the cavity. It cannot be directional adjusted, neither can meet the requirement of uniform heating of the object to be heated, nor can it carry out local selective heating of the object to be heated.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是针对现有的微波加热装置存在的微波功率分布不均匀、功率不能定向调整及不能实现局部加热的问题，发明一种辐射面积连续可调、辐射方向任意变化、辐射功率实时调节的微波定向辐射加热复合材料的方法，同时提供相应的装置。 The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of uneven distribution of microwave power, inability to directional adjustment of power and inability to achieve local heating in existing microwave heating devices, and to invent a method with continuously adjustable radiation area, arbitrary change in radiation direction, and real-time adjustment of radiation power. A method for heating composite materials by directional microwave radiation, and a corresponding device is provided at the same time.
本发明的技术方案之一是： One of technical solutions of the present invention is:
一种微波定向辐射加热复合材料的方法，其特征在于将待加热固化的复合材料置于一个能实时调整辐射方向、辐射面积和辐射功率的定向微波天线的下部，在微波固化过程中通过实时调整辐射方向、辐射面积和辐射功率来实现复合材料的均匀加热固化。 A method for heating composite materials by microwave directional radiation, characterized in that the composite material to be heated and cured is placed under a directional microwave antenna capable of real-time adjustment of radiation direction, radiation area and radiation power, and is adjusted in real time during microwave curing. Radiation direction, radiation area and radiation power to achieve uniform heating and curing of composite materials.
所述的定向微波天线辐射的微波功率可变，微波天线的辐射方向能通过旋转微波天线发生变化，辐射区域面积能通过调整微波天线在椭圆面反射板焦点附近的位置实现。 The microwave power radiated by the directional microwave antenna is variable, the radiation direction of the microwave antenna can be changed by rotating the microwave antenna, and the radiation area can be realized by adjusting the position of the microwave antenna near the focus of the elliptical reflector.
所述的定向微波天线能与相应微波频率对应的激励腔体配合工作，在所述的激励腔体的主辐射方向上设置有多个整齐排列、相互之间间距为微波半波长整数倍的定向微波天线，各个微波天线具有独立的微波辐射源。 The directional microwave antenna can work in cooperation with the excitation cavity corresponding to the corresponding microwave frequency. In the main radiation direction of the excitation cavity, there are a plurality of directional antennas arranged neatly and the distance between them is an integer multiple of microwave half wavelength. Each microwave antenna has an independent microwave radiation source.
本发明的技术方案之二是： The second technical scheme of the present invention is:
一种复合材料微波定向辐射加热的装置，其特征在于它包括安装在加热腔体内部的安装面4上的椭圆面微波反射板6，微波天线7安装在椭圆面微波反射板6的长轴轴线上且位置可调，以实现微波加热面积的调整，微波天线7通过天线接头2与万向波导1相连，万向波导1与微波发生源相连；万向波导1能带动微波天线7及其椭圆面微波反射板6在安装面4上作同步的各向自由转动以实现对不同区域的微波加热。 A device for microwave directional radiation heating of composite materials is characterized in that it includes an elliptical microwave reflection plate 6 installed on the installation surface 4 inside the heating cavity, and a microwave antenna 7 is installed on the long axis of the elliptical microwave reflection plate 6 and the position can be adjusted to realize the adjustment of the microwave heating area. The microwave antenna 7 is connected with the universal waveguide 1 through the antenna joint 2, and the universal waveguide 1 is connected with the microwave generating source; the universal waveguide 1 can drive the microwave antenna 7 and its elliptical The surface microwave reflection plate 6 is free to rotate synchronously in each direction on the installation surface 4 to realize microwave heating to different areas.
所述的椭圆面反射板6连接有滑动机构3，微波天线7能在滑动机构3的带动下在椭圆面反射板6轴线上自由移动。 The elliptical reflecting plate 6 is connected with a sliding mechanism 3 , and the microwave antenna 7 can move freely on the axis of the elliptical reflecting plate 6 driven by the sliding mechanism 3 .
所述的微波天线7在椭圆面反射板6长轴上的移动距离为0.01-0.05米。 The moving distance of the microwave antenna 7 on the long axis of the elliptical reflector 6 is 0.01-0.05 meters.
所述的微波发生源的功率可调，它安装在封闭的金属腔体内部或外部，所述的安装面4上设有防止微波外泄的金属软膜5。 The power of the microwave generating source is adjustable, and it is installed inside or outside a closed metal cavity, and a metal soft film 5 is provided on the installation surface 4 to prevent microwave leakage.
本发明的有益效果： Beneficial effects of the present invention:
本发明的复合材料微波固化定向辐射控制方法及装置实现了微波天线发射的微波经椭圆面反射板反射实现对微波的定向辐射，调整微波天线在椭圆面反射板轴线上的位置控制辐射区域的面积，转动万向波导调整微波辐射的方向，调节万向波导端口的入射功率控制微波辐射的功率。采用复合材料微波固化定向辐射控制技术不仅可以对复合材料进行局部选择加热，而且可以定向调整不均匀的微波功率，实现对复合材料的均匀加热。 The composite material microwave curing directional radiation control method and device of the present invention realize the directional radiation of the microwave emitted by the microwave antenna through the reflection of the elliptical reflector plate, and adjust the position of the microwave antenna on the axis of the elliptical reflector plate to control the area of the radiation area , rotate the universal waveguide to adjust the direction of microwave radiation, and adjust the incident power of the universal waveguide port to control the power of microwave radiation. The composite material microwave curing directional radiation control technology can not only carry out local selective heating of the composite material, but also can directional adjust the uneven microwave power to achieve uniform heating of the composite material.
本发明提出的复合材料微波固化定向辐射控制方法及装置，可以实现辐射面积连续可调、辐射方向任意变化、辐射功率实时调节的复合材料微波固化定向辐射。 The composite material microwave curing directional radiation control method and device proposed by the present invention can realize the composite material microwave curing directional radiation with continuously adjustable radiation area, arbitrary change of radiation direction and real-time adjustment of radiation power.
本发明基于椭圆面对微波的反射特点，实现复合材料微波固化的定向辐射控制，相比于现有的微波固化及其功率控制技术，定向辐射控制具有辐射面积连续可调、辐射方向任意变化、辐射功率实时调节的优点。采用微波固化定向辐射控制技术不仅可以对被加热物体进行局部选择加热，而且可以定向调整不均匀的微波功率，实现对复合材料的均匀加热。 Based on the microwave reflection characteristics of the elliptical surface, the invention realizes the directional radiation control of microwave curing of composite materials. Compared with the existing microwave curing and its power control technology, the directional radiation control has the advantages of continuously adjustable radiation area, arbitrary change of radiation direction, The advantage of real-time adjustment of radiation power. The microwave curing directional radiation control technology can not only selectively heat the object to be heated locally, but also adjust the uneven microwave power directionally to achieve uniform heating of the composite material.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明的复合材料微波固化定向辐射控制装置示意图 Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the composite material microwave curing directional radiation control device of the present invention
图中：1为万向波导、2为天线接头、3为滑动机构、4为安装面、5为金属软膜、6为椭圆面微波反射板、7为微波天线、8为复合材料。 In the figure: 1 is the universal waveguide, 2 is the antenna joint, 3 is the sliding mechanism, 4 is the installation surface, 5 is the metal soft film, 6 is the elliptical microwave reflector, 7 is the microwave antenna, 8 is the composite material.
具体实施方式 detailed description
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。 The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
实施例一。 Embodiment one.
如图1所示。 As shown in Figure 1.
一种微波定向辐射加热复合材料的方法，首先将待加热固化的复合材料置于一个能实时调整辐射方向、辐射面积和辐射功率的如图1所示的定向辐射装置（微波天线）的下部，该定向辐射装置包括安装在加热腔体内部的安装面4上的椭圆面微波反射板6，微波天线7安装在椭圆面微波反射板6的长轴轴线上且位置可调，以实现微波加热面积的调整，微波天线7通过天线接头2与万向波导1相连，万向波导1与微波发生源相连；万向波导1能带动微波天线7及其椭圆面微波反射板6在安装面4上作同步的各向自由转动以实现对不同区域的微波加热。在微波固化过程中通过实时调整辐射方向、辐射面积和辐射功率（通过调整微波源的发射功率来实现）来实现复合材料的均匀加热固化。所述的定向微波天线辐射的微波功率可变，微波天线的辐射方向能通过旋转微波天线发生变化，辐射区域面积能通过调整微波天线在椭圆面反射板焦点附近的位置实现。所述的定向微波天线能与相应微波频率对应的激励腔体配合工作，在所述的激励腔体的主辐射方向上设置有多个整齐排列、相互之间间距为微波半波长整数倍的定向微波天线，各个微波天线具有独立的微波辐射源。在复合材料微波固化过程中，采用8个可调整辐射方向、辐射面积和辐射功率的定向微波天线，加热固化复合材料的不同区域。 A method for heating composite materials by microwave directional radiation. Firstly, the composite material to be heated and cured is placed in the lower part of a directional radiation device (microwave antenna) as shown in Figure 1, which can adjust the radiation direction, radiation area and radiation power in real time. The directional radiation device includes an elliptical microwave reflector 6 installed on the mounting surface 4 inside the heating cavity, and the microwave antenna 7 is installed on the long axis of the elliptical microwave reflector 6 and its position is adjustable to realize microwave heating area adjustment, the microwave antenna 7 is connected to the universal waveguide 1 through the antenna connector 2, and the universal waveguide 1 is connected to the microwave generating source; the universal waveguide 1 can drive the microwave antenna 7 and its elliptical microwave reflector 6 to form Synchronous free rotation in each direction to achieve microwave heating of different areas. During the microwave curing process, the uniform heating and curing of composite materials can be realized by adjusting the radiation direction, radiation area and radiation power in real time (realized by adjusting the emission power of the microwave source). The microwave power radiated by the directional microwave antenna is variable, the radiation direction of the microwave antenna can be changed by rotating the microwave antenna, and the radiation area can be realized by adjusting the position of the microwave antenna near the focus of the elliptical reflector. The directional microwave antenna can work in cooperation with the excitation cavity corresponding to the corresponding microwave frequency. In the main radiation direction of the excitation cavity, there are a plurality of directional antennas arranged neatly and the distance between them is an integer multiple of microwave half wavelength. Each microwave antenna has an independent microwave radiation source. During the microwave curing process of the composite material, 8 directional microwave antennas with adjustable radiation direction, radiation area and radiation power are used to heat and cure different areas of the composite material.
所述的定向微波天线辐射的功率在0~1.5kW变化，微波天线的辐射方向通过旋转微波天线发生变化，微波天线与安装面法线间的最大夹角为70°。微波天线可在椭圆面反射板焦点前后0.03m（也可在0.01-0.05范围内选择移动距离）范围内移动。 The radiated power of the directional microwave antenna varies from 0 to 1.5kW, the radiation direction of the microwave antenna changes by rotating the microwave antenna, and the maximum angle between the microwave antenna and the normal line of the installation surface is 70°. The microwave antenna can move within 0.03m before and after the focal point of the elliptical reflector (the moving distance can also be selected within the range of 0.01-0.05).
所述的定向微波天线工作在2.45GHz并与2.45GHz八边形谐振腔体配合工作。腔体中上下两面分别设置4个整齐排列的定向微波天线，相互之间间距为1倍波长（0.122m）。 The directional microwave antenna works at 2.45GHz and cooperates with the 2.45GHz octagonal resonant cavity. Four neatly arranged directional microwave antennas are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the cavity, and the distance between them is 1 times the wavelength (0.122m).
实施例二。 Embodiment two.
一种复合材料微波定向辐射加热的装置，它包括安装在加热腔体内部的安装面4上的椭圆面微波反射板6，微波天线7安装在椭圆面微波反射板6的长轴轴线上且位置可调，以实现微波加热面积的调整，微波天线7通过天线接头2与万向波导1相连，万向波导1与微波发生源相连；万向波导1能带动微波天线7及其椭圆面微波反射板6在安装面4上作同步的各向自由转动以实现对不同区域的微波加热。所述的椭圆面反射板6连接有滑动机构3，微波天线7能在滑动机构3（可采用手动或电动机构实现微波天线7的移动，电动机构可采用丝杆螺母或蜗轮蜗杆机构实现）的带动下在椭圆面反射板6轴线上自由移动（移动距离为0.01-0.05米）。所述的微波发生源的功率可调，它安装在封闭的金属腔体内部或外部，所述的安装面4上设有防止微波外泄的金属软膜5。椭圆面反射板6的开口直径为0.15m。微波天线与安装面法线间的最大夹角为70°。整个装置安装在加热腔体内部的安装面4上，安装孔的直径为0.1m，采用铝膜（即金属软膜5）密封。该定向辐射加热装置的辐射功率可连续或不连续变化；可通过旋转定向微波天线实现不同方向的辐射加热；辐射面积大小可通过改变微波天线7在椭圆面反射板6焦点附近的位置调整；所述的定向微波天线经微波接头2连接至万向波导1，微波天线7可在滑动机构3内自由移动调整其在椭圆面反射板6中心轴线上的位置。 A device for microwave directional radiation heating of composite materials, which includes an elliptical microwave reflection plate 6 installed on the installation surface 4 inside the heating cavity, and the microwave antenna 7 is installed on the long axis of the elliptical microwave reflection plate 6 and the position Adjustable to realize the adjustment of the microwave heating area, the microwave antenna 7 is connected to the universal waveguide 1 through the antenna joint 2, and the universal waveguide 1 is connected to the microwave source; the universal waveguide 1 can drive the microwave antenna 7 and its elliptical microwave reflection The plate 6 freely rotates synchronously in each direction on the installation surface 4 to realize microwave heating to different areas. The elliptical reflecting plate 6 is connected with a sliding mechanism 3, and the microwave antenna 7 can be moved between the sliding mechanism 3 (manual or electric mechanism can be used to realize the movement of the microwave antenna 7, and the electric mechanism can be realized by a screw nut or a worm gear mechanism). Driven to move freely on the 6-axis of the elliptical reflector (the moving distance is 0.01-0.05 meters). The power of the microwave generating source is adjustable, and it is installed inside or outside a closed metal cavity, and a metal soft film 5 is provided on the installation surface 4 to prevent microwave leakage. The opening diameter of the elliptical reflection plate 6 is 0.15m. The maximum angle between the microwave antenna and the normal of the mounting surface is 70°. The whole device is installed on the installation surface 4 inside the heating chamber, the diameter of the installation hole is 0.1m, and it is sealed with an aluminum film (namely the metal soft film 5). The radiation power of the directional radiation heating device can be changed continuously or discontinuously; radiation heating in different directions can be realized by rotating the directional microwave antenna; the size of the radiation area can be adjusted by changing the position of the microwave antenna 7 near the focal point of the elliptical reflector 6; The above-mentioned directional microwave antenna is connected to the universal waveguide 1 through the microwave connector 2, and the microwave antenna 7 can move freely in the sliding mechanism 3 to adjust its position on the central axis of the elliptical reflector 6.
本发明未涉及部分均与现有技术相同或可采用现有技术加以实现。 The parts not involved in the present invention are the same as the prior art or can be realized by adopting the prior art.
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