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CN1057092C - Preparation of Anranofin - Google Patents

Preparation of Anranofin Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1057092C
CN1057092C CN97119444A CN97119444A CN1057092C CN 1057092 C CN1057092 C CN 1057092C CN 97119444 A CN97119444 A CN 97119444A CN 97119444 A CN97119444 A CN 97119444A CN 1057092 C CN1057092 C CN 1057092C
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liquid
auranofin
water
methanol
room temperature
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CN1216305A (en
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熊嘉聪
张晓梅
朱鹰
卢军
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Kunming Institute of Precious Metals
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Kunming Institute of Precious Metals
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Abstract

一种金诺芬的制备方法,以2-S-(2,3,4,6-四-O-乙酰基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-2-硫代异脲氢溴酸盐(I),一氯(三乙基膦)合金(IV)和碳酸钾(II)为原料,其特征是:先将(I)的甲醇-水溶液与(IV)的甲醇溶液混合,在0~5℃搅拌下向混合溶液中滴加(II)的水溶液,反应60~90分钟,再于室温下反应30~40分钟,所得晶体金诺芬,再经甲醇-水溶液重结晶提纯得金诺芬纯品,本发明方法用于制备抗类风湿口服金药物-金诺芬。A preparation method of auranofin, using 2-S-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-thioisourea hydrobromide (I), monochloro (triethylphosphine) alloy (IV) and potassium carbonate (II) are raw materials, it is characterized in that: first the methanol-water solution of (I) is mixed with the methanol solution of (IV), at 0~ Add the aqueous solution of (II) dropwise to the mixed solution under stirring at 5°C, react for 60 to 90 minutes, and then react at room temperature for 30 to 40 minutes to obtain crystal auranofin, which is then purified by methanol-water solution recrystallization to obtain auranofin Pure product, the method of the present invention is used to prepare anti-rheumatoid oral gold medicine-auranofin.

Description

The preparation method of auranofin
The present invention relates to the preparation method of gold compound, particularly gold compound (2,3,4, the preparation method of (triethyl phosphine) alloy of 6-four-O-ethanoyl-1-sulfo--β-D-glucopyranosyl-S), this compound claims auranofin (Auranofin) again.
Gold salt has the resisting rheumatoid disease activity and is used for the treatment of the rheumatoid arthritis history of existing decades as goldinjection, as sodium aurothiomalate (Myocrisin) and aurothioglucose (Solganol) etc.Use by influence because toxic side effect is big for this type of non-enteron aisle gold medicine
The organophosphite ligand compound auranofin of gold is the oral golden medicine of a kind of novel resisting rheumatoid disease (US3635945), compare with goldinjection, it has safe in utilization, convenient and toxic side effect features of smaller, and be used for clinically, become the oral prescription drug of a new generation treatment rheumatoid arthritis.
In the whole bag of tricks of preparation auranofin, the disclosed method of US 3635945 (1972.1.18) is a kind of by top-priority method.This method is with 2-S-(2; 3; 4; 6-four-O-ethanoyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-sulfo-isourea halogen acid salt (I) is a raw material, through the solution-treated of alkali metals carbonate (II), generates intermediate (2 earlier; 3; 4,6-four-O-ethanoyl-β-D-Glucopyranose) derivative (III), react with a halogen (triethyl phosphine) alloy (IV) again; obtain auranofin; product productive rate 90% (J.Med.Chem., 1972,15; 1095); in building-up process, make solvent with ethanol, temperature of reaction-20~-10 ℃.It is brief that this method has flow process, the characteristics that the product productive rate is higher, and raw material (I) chemical stability is good, makes easily,
Therefore, has higher Practical significance.But, this method is in (I) and intermediate formation reaction (II), the process of its hydrolysis reaction can't be judged, the intermediate that is generated (III) is extremely unstable again, generate the back if the untimely reaction that generates auranofin, in alkali solution, multiple unmanageable side reaction will take place, cause the productive rate of product to reduce.Product is difficult for purifying; And this method operational condition is harsh, carries out below requiring to be reflected at low temperature-10 ℃, solvent for use ethanol is to raw material (I), (IV) and the solubleness of auranofin less, be difficult to guarantee to be reflected in the liquid phase of homogeneous and carry out, influence the stable of auranofin productive rate, also bring difficulty to operation; Simultaneously, this method does not relate to the purification of auranofin, has reduced its Practical significance to a certain extent.
US 4125710 (1978.11.14) discloses the another kind of method for preparing auranofin.This method with a kind of general formula is:
Figure C9711944400041
Compound (in the formula M be a kind of stable positively charged ion from basic metal, ammonium, lead, silver or copper positively charged ion, selected or (wherein Ac is an acetyl)), with a kind of general formula be:
(Et 3P) 2The compound reaction (X is a kind of stable negatively charged ion of selecting from halogenide, nitrate, thiocyanate-, perchlorate, tetrafluoride boron or trifluoroacetate in the formula) of AuX is reflected in methyl alcohol or the ethanol and carries out, about 0 ℃ of temperature of reaction or room temperature.But, the gold complex [(Et that this method will be formed with two triethyl phosphines in building-up process 3P) 2AuX, cost is higher; And, with the highest ability 42% of auranofin productive rate of this method acquisition.
Its method of preparation method that US 4125711 also discloses a kind of auranofin is to make 1-β-D-sulfo--2,3,4, and 6-four-O-ethanoyl Glucopyranose and a kind of general formula are:
(C 2H 5) 3The compound reaction of PAuS-R, R is the alkyl of 1~8 carbon in the formula, phenyl or Et 3PAuS-; Being reflected at a kind of organic solvent for example carries out in the chloroform.Yet, this method finally will under-23 ℃ in 3: 5 methanol aqueous solution recrystallization obtain auranofin, after perhaps purifying earlier, carry out twice recrystallization with methanol-water again and obtain auranofin, its productive rate only 55% with column chromatography.
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that prior art exists, a kind of improved auranofin preparation method is provided,, improve the purity of product, and make to be reflected under the relatively mild condition and carry out, thereby reduce preparation cost to improve the productive rate of auranofin.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: (1) changes the raw material interpolation order of 2-S-(2,3,4,6-four-O-ethanoyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-sulfo-isourea hydrobromate (I), a chlorine (triethyl phosphine) alloy (IV) and salt of wormwood (II); (2) methyl alcohol replaces ethanol, does reaction solvent with methanol-water; (3) improve temperature of reaction, make to be reflected under the mild conditions that taps into 0~20 ℃ of room temperature and carry out; (4) auranofin that makes is purified at the room temperature recrystallization.
The inventive method comprises that a chlorine (triethyl phosphine) alloy (IV) and salt of wormwood (II) are raw material, it is characterized in that synthesis procedure is as follows with 2-S-(2,3,4,6-four-O-ethanoyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-sulfo-isourea hydrobromate (I):
A. (I) is dissolved in methyl alcohol: water=1.5~2: in the solution of 1 (volume ratio), obtain A liquid;
B. (IV) is dissolved in the methyl alcohol, obtains B liquid;
C. (II) is soluble in water, obtain C liquid;
D.A liquid mixes with B liquid, is cooled to 0~5 ℃, under 0~5 ℃ of stirring to mixed solution and dripping C liquid, add C liquid, reacted 90~100 minutes, and continued reaction 30~40 minutes again under room temperature, heating in water bath is to the solid dissolving that generates, filter, adding distil water to precipitation occurs in the filtrate, and cooling is filtered, leach thing methyl alcohol: the solution washing of water=0.4: 1 (volume ratio), room temperature vacuum-drying get white auranofin crystal.
Resulting auranofin crystal is carried out methanol-water solution weight crystallization and purification again under room temperature, vacuum-drying gets pure product.
In aforesaid method, input starting raw material should satisfy the measuring requirement of chemical reaction, under the principle of not wasting, by near waiting mole or suitably excessive (I), (II) for well; Institute's solubilizing agent should guarantee that the starting raw material that drops into dissolves fully, under the principle of not wasting, and can be suitably excessive.
Compare with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1, improve the temperature of building-up reactions, reaction can be carried out under near the mild conditions of room temperature, operated the simple and easy little energy that expends, with low cost.
2, the productive rate height of auranofin product, the auranofin product productive rate that obtains with the inventive method is not less than 94.0%, and the product yield that recrystallization is purified is not less than 89.5%.
3, flow process is short, and the time of consumption is few.
4, the reliable easily row of recrystallization method of purification.
Therefore, in known each preparation method, the present invention has very high Practical significance.
Embodiment 1
Get 5.0 gram (10.3mmol) 2-S-(2,3,4,6-four-O-ethanoyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-sulfo-isourea hydrobromates (I) and be dissolved in 15ml water and the 30ml methanol solution, obtain A liquid; 3.4 gram (9.7mmol) chlorine (triethyl phosphine) alloy (IV) is dissolved in the 50ml methyl alcohol, obtains B liquid; 1.6 gram (11.6mmol) salt of wormwood (II) is dissolved in the 15ml water, obtains C liquid.
A liquid mixes with B liquid, is cooled to 0~5 ℃, in this temperature range, in mixed liquid, drip C liquid, add C liquid, continue reaction 60 minutes, continue reaction 30 minutes again under room temperature, heating in water bath filters to the solid dissolving that generates, adding distil water to precipitation occurs in the filtrate, cooling is filtered, and leach thing methyl alcohol: the solution washing of water=0.4: 1 (volume ratio) leaches thing, room temperature vacuum-drying gets white crystal product 6.2 grams, productive rate 94.0%.Through the methanol-water recrystallization, room temperature vacuum-drying gets pure product 5.5 grams of auranofin, recrystallization product yield 89.5% to products therefrom under room temperature.
After tested, 113~114.5 ℃ of the fusing points of the pure product of gained auranofin, [α] D 20=-59.01 (1% methyl alcohol); Ultimate analysis (weight %) measured value (calculated value): C35.33 (35.40), H5.06 (5.06), S5.01 (4.73), Au 28.95 (29.02); UV: λ Shoulder=220, ε 220=2900 (95% methyl alcohol); IR:(cm -1); KBr pressed disc method: ν CH3(2956,2884), ν CH2(2922,2855), ν C=O(1746), δ CH2(1450), δ CH3(1370), ν C-O-C(1230), ν C-O-C(1090,1052,1032), pyranose ring vibration (910), ρ CH2(770), ν P-C(738,604); Valelinum Liquidum pressed disc method: ν P-Au(380), ν S-Au(270).
Embodiment 2
Get 44.0 gram (0.090mol) 2-S-(2,3,4,6-four-O-ethanoyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-sulfo-isourea hydrobromates (I) and be dissolved in 120ml water and the 234ml methanol solution, obtain A liquid; 30.0 gram (0.086mol) chlorine (triethyl phosphine) alloy (IV) is dissolved in the 400ml methyl alcohol, obtains B liquid; 14.0 gram (0.101mol) salt of wormwood (II) is dissolved in the 115ml water, obtains C liquid.
A liquid mixes with B liquid, is cooled in 0~5 ℃ of scope, drips C liquid in mixed liquid, add C liquid, continue reaction 90 minutes, under room temperature, continue reaction 40 minutes again, heating in water bath is to the solid dissolving that generates, filter, adding distil water to precipitation occurs in the filtrate, cooling, filter, leach thing methyl alcohol: the solution washing of water=0.4: 1 (volume ratio) leaches thing, and room temperature vacuum-drying gets white crystal product 55.2 grams, productive rate 95.0%.Through the methanol-water recrystallization, room temperature vacuum-drying gets pure product 49.6 grams of auranofin, recrystallization product yield 90.0% to products therefrom under room temperature.
After tested, 112~114 ℃ of the fusing points of the pure product of gained auranofin, [α] D 20=-54.40 (1% methyl alcohol); Ultimate analysis (weight %) measured value (calculated value): C 35.32 (35.40), H 5.09 (5.06), S4.68 (4.73), Au29.25 (29.02); UV: λ Shoulder=220, ε 220=5900 (95% methyl alcohol); IR:(cm -1), KBr pressed disc method: ν CH3(2954,2878), ν CH2(2930,2854), ν C=O(1748), δ CH2(1450), δ CH3(1372), ν C-O-C(1233), ν C-O-C(1092,1052,1033), pyranose ring vibration (910), ρ CH2(771), ν P-C(738,604); Valelinum Liquidum pressed disc method: ν P-Au(380), ν S-Au(270).

Claims (2)

1、一种金诺芬的制备方法,包括以2-S-(2,3,4,6-四-O-乙酰基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-2-硫代异脲氢溴酸盐(I),一氯(三乙基膦)合金(IV)和碳酸钾(II)为原料,其特征是合成工序如下:1. A preparation method of auranofin, comprising 2-S-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-thioisourea hydrogen Bromate (I), a chlorine (triethylphosphine) alloy (IV) and salt of wormwood (II) are raw materials, and it is characterized in that the synthetic procedure is as follows: A.将(I)溶于甲醇∶水=1.5~2∶1(体积比)的溶液中,得到A液;A. (I) is dissolved in the solution of methanol: water=1.5~2:1 (volume ratio), obtains A liquid; B.将(IV)溶于甲醇中,得到B液;B. Dissolving (IV) in methanol to obtain liquid B; C.将(II)溶于水中,得到C液;C. Dissolving (II) in water to obtain liquid C; D.A液与B液混合,冷却至0~5℃,在0~5℃搅拌下向混合溶液中滴加C液,加完C液,反应90~100分钟,再于室温下继续反应30~40分钟,水浴加热至生成的固体溶解,过滤,滤液中加蒸馏水至沉淀出现,冷却,过滤,滤出物用甲醇∶水=0.4∶1(体积比)的溶液洗涤,室温真空干燥得白色金诺芬晶体。D. Mix liquid A and liquid B, cool to 0-5°C, add liquid C dropwise to the mixed solution under stirring at 0-5°C, after adding liquid C, react for 90-100 minutes, then continue to react at room temperature for 30-40 minutes Minutes, heated in a water bath to dissolve the solids generated, filtered, added distilled water to the filtrate until the precipitate appeared, cooled, filtered, the filtrate was washed with a solution of methanol: water = 0.4: 1 (volume ratio), and vacuum-dried at room temperature to obtain white Jinuo Fen crystals. 2、根据权利要求1的方法,其特征是对由权利要求1得到的金诺芬晶体再于室温下进行甲醇-水重结晶提纯,真空干燥得纯品。2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the auranofin crystals obtained in claim 1 are purified by methanol-water recrystallization at room temperature, and dried in vacuum to obtain a pure product.
CN97119444A 1997-10-31 1997-10-31 Preparation of Anranofin Expired - Fee Related CN1057092C (en)

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CN105418696B (en) * 2014-09-10 2018-09-21 华中科技大学 A kind of synthetic method of glycosyl mercaptan and Anranofin

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3635945A (en) * 1969-10-28 1972-01-18 Smith Kline French Lab Trialkylphosphinegold complexes of 1-beta-d-glucopyranosides
US4115642A (en) * 1977-06-30 1978-09-19 Smithkline Corporation Method for preparing auranofin
US4125711A (en) * 1977-06-30 1978-11-14 Smithkline Corporation Process for preparing auranofin
US4131732A (en) * 1977-04-21 1978-12-26 Smithkline Corporation Method for preparing auranofin
US4200738A (en) * 1977-04-21 1980-04-29 Smithkline Corporation Method for preparing auranofin

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3635945A (en) * 1969-10-28 1972-01-18 Smith Kline French Lab Trialkylphosphinegold complexes of 1-beta-d-glucopyranosides
US4131732A (en) * 1977-04-21 1978-12-26 Smithkline Corporation Method for preparing auranofin
US4200738A (en) * 1977-04-21 1980-04-29 Smithkline Corporation Method for preparing auranofin
US4115642A (en) * 1977-06-30 1978-09-19 Smithkline Corporation Method for preparing auranofin
US4125711A (en) * 1977-06-30 1978-11-14 Smithkline Corporation Process for preparing auranofin

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