CN105708856B - It is a kind of to be used to prevent pharmaceutical composition and its preparation of the chicken coccidiasis containing attapulgite - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating chicken coccidiosis, which consists of the following components: 50% zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay, 50% diclazuril; the zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay consists of the following The method is prepared: add attapulgite clay 100g/L to the solution containing zinc ions and chromium ions, react for 4 hours under the condition of shaking in a water bath at 55°C, wash with deionized water for 3 times, dry to constant weight in a drying oven at 105°C, and grind , passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay. The pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating coccidiosis in chickens provided by the invention can effectively reduce the amount of chicken blood in feces, reduce the excretion of fecal oocysts, slow down the decline in weight gain caused by coccidia infection, and can reduce the impact of chicken coccidia on the intestinal tract of chickens. Injury, enhance the resistance of the intestinal mucosa, has a good effect on the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in chickens, and can also reduce the use of anti-coccidiosis chemical drugs, reduce drug residues and reduce the occurrence of drug resistance problems.

Description

A pharmaceutical composition containing attapulgite for preventing and treating chicken coccidiosis and its preparation

technical field

The invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating chicken coccidiosis and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a pharmaceutical combination of zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay and diclazuril that can effectively prevent and treat chicken coccidiosis, belonging to feed Additive field.

Background technique

Chicken coccidiosis is a common chicken parasitic disease, often showing an outbreak trend. Chicken coccidia mainly parasitize in the intestinal tract of chicks, causing intestinal hemorrhage and necrosis, and the weight gain and egg production of chicks after the infection is cured are also significantly affected, which brings serious economic losses to the chicken industry. According to the life history and transmission characteristics of chicken coccidiosis, the ideas of preventing and controlling chicken coccidiosis are mainly two aspects: inhibiting insecticides in vivo and in vitro and enhancing host resistance. At present, the means of preventing and treating chicken coccidiosis mainly include inoculation of coccidiosis vaccine and two aspects of using chemical anticoccidiosis drugs. Due to the complex life history of coccidia, the antigen composition and immunogenicity of each developmental stage of coccidia are different, and the protective antigens of each stage are also different, coupled with the problems of clinical practicability, the application of coccidia vaccines is limited . Therefore, the commonly used clinical methods are mainly to use chemical anticoccidiostats. However, the frequent use and excessive long-term use of anticoccidiostats, the emergence of drug-resistant strains, and the safety problems of animal-derived food caused by drug residues make the prevention and treatment of chickens difficult. Coccidia face new challenges.

Attapulgite clay (also known as attapulgite clay, palygorskite clay) is a hydrous magnesium-rich aluminum silicate clay mineral, rich in various macro and trace elements required for animal growth, and because of its special physical and chemical structure, it is Metal cations, various pathogenic bacteria and toxins have strong adsorption capacity. Utilizing its adsorption capacity, a certain amount of loaded zinc and chromium ions can be prepared into zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay. Zinc can promote the metabolism, immunity, bone development and digestive tract epithelium of chicks. Chromium is indispensable in reducing stress, enhancing body immunity, and promoting weight gain. Its metabolites have adsorption capacity, reduce intestinal mucosal damage caused by coccidia parasites, and can also enhance the body's anti-infection ability and body immunity. It can be used as a feed additive to prevent zinc and chromium deficiency, and improve the weight gain and production of chickens. egg rate.

The invention patent application with the application number 201510756025.9 discloses "A Drug for the Treatment of Chicken Coccidiosis and Its Preparation Method". 2.5 parts, 1.5-2.5 parts of Burnet extract, 1.5-2.5 parts of Imperata imperina extract, 1.0-1.5 parts of Bupleurum extract and 500 parts of attapulgite. The invention patent application with application number 201510879131.6 discloses "a pharmaceutical composition for treating chicken coccidiosis and its preparation method". The pharmaceutical composition is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: Ivermella 0.25-2.5 parts of Su, 2.5-25 parts of Changshan extract, 15-25 parts of Astragalus extract, 15-25 parts of black plum extract, 10-15 parts of Agrimony extract, 500 parts of purified attapulgite; and provided other Preparation. The invention patent application with the application number 201310405592.0 discloses "A Chinese and Western Medicine Preparation for the Treatment of Chicken Coccidiosis and Its Preparation Method". 60 parts, 20-40 parts of burnet, 20-40 parts of angelica, 10-20 parts of licorice, make a clear ointment, and then add diclazuril according to the mass ratio of clear ointment: diclazuril 5-10:1 , mix well to obtain a mixture, add sucrose powder and β-cyclodextrin to the mixture according to the ratio of mixture: sucrose powder, β-cyclodextrin mass ratio 1:3:1, mix well, and dry to obtain.

In the prior art, there is no pharmaceutical composition with better and more comprehensive effects on chicken coccidiosis and less side effects.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition for preventing chicken coccidiosis in view of the problems of poor effect, wide drug resistance and drug residues of the current clinical anticoccidiostats. Adding zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay and diclazuril to the feed has a good effect on preventing the occurrence of chicken coccidiosis, and can effectively reduce the secondary outbreak of chicken coccidiosis. In the prevention and control of coccidiosis in chickens, it is superior to the original soil and the use of the anticoccidial drug diclazuril alone, which can effectively reduce the amount of chicken blood in the stool, reduce the excretion of fecal oocysts, slow down the decline in weight gain caused by infection with coccidiosis, and can alleviate The damage caused by chicken coccidia to the intestines of chickens enhances the resistance of the intestinal mucosa. At the same time, it can also reduce the use of anticoccidial chemical drugs, reduce drug residues and reduce the occurrence of drug resistance problems.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating chicken coccidiosis is characterized in that it consists of the following components: 50% zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay, 50% diclazuril.

The zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay is prepared by the following method: 100 g/L of attapulgite clay is added to a solution containing zinc ions and chromium ions, reacted for 4 hours in a water bath at 55° C., and washed with deionized water for 3 times , dried in a drying oven at 105°C to constant weight, ground, and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay.

The zinc ion is a soluble zinc salt, preferably zinc chloride.

The chromium ion is a soluble chromium salt, preferably chromium trichloride.

The zinc ion concentration is preferably 1 mol/L, and the chromium ion concentration is preferably 0.05 mol/L.

The zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay can effectively prevent chicken coccidiosis, and the addition amount per kilogram of feed is 5-10g.

The present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned pharmaceutical composition in the preparation of medicines or feed for preventing and treating coccidiosis in chickens. Adding 20 g of the pharmaceutical composition per kilogram of feed can effectively reduce the incidence of coccidiosis, improve production performance, and prevent and treat chicken coccidiosis. .

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating coccidiosis in chickens provided by the invention can effectively reduce the amount of chicken blood in feces, reduce the excretion of fecal oocysts, slow down the decline in weight gain caused by coccidia infection, and can reduce the impact of chicken coccidia on the intestinal tract of chickens. damage, enhance the resistance of the intestinal mucosa, and have a better effect on the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in chickens, and the effect is better than that of using zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay alone or using the anticoccidial chemical drug diclazuril alone. At the same time, it can also reduce the use of anticoccidial chemical drugs, reduce drug residues and reduce the occurrence of drug resistance problems.

Description of drawings

Figure 1: The line graph of the number of bloody feces in chickens and the age of chickens.

Detailed ways

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the advantages and characteristics of the present invention will become clearer along with the description. However, these examples are only exemplary and do not constitute any limitation to the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the details and forms of the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these modifications and replacements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The methods, ingredients and dosages involved in the following examples are conventional methods known to those skilled in the art unless otherwise specified.

The experimental supplies used in the following embodiments include:

Attapulgite clay (Liyoubao, batch number: SLT20130712) was purchased from Jiangsu Shenliite Mining Co., Ltd.; 1-day-old AA broiler chickens used in the experiment were purchased from Nanjing Tangquan Chicken Farm; Insect laboratory); McMaster egg counting board (Beijing Jipteng Biotechnology Co., Ltd., A0008 type); microscope (NiKon, MODELSE type); zinc chloride and chromium trichloride were routinely analyzed by Nanjing Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Pure reagents. Microwave digestion instrument (Milestone, Italy, ETHOS T); inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (OPTIMA2100DV, PerkinElmer, USA).

Embodiment 1: Preparation of zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay

Add 100 g of attapulgite clay to 1 L of a solution containing zinc chloride (1 mol/L) and chromium trichloride (0.05 mol/L), react for 4 h at 55 °C under water bath shaking conditions, wash with deionized water 3 times, 105 Dry in a drying oven at ℃ to constant weight, grind, and pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay. Weigh 0.1g of zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay, add 7mL of 65%-68% concentrated nitric acid, 3mL of 36%-38% concentrated hydrochloric acid, and 3mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide. Microwave digestion in microwave digestion apparatus for 30min. All the digested solution after digestion was transferred to a 25mL volumetric flask, and the volume was adjusted to 25mL with ultrapure water. The inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer was used for detection, and single-element zinc and chromium standard solutions were configured to draw a standard curve. At the same time, the sample digestion solution was measured, and the zinc and chromium ion contents in the chromium-loaded attapulgite were calculated to be 19.43mg/g and 18.19mg/g, respectively.

Embodiment 2: the preparation of the pharmaceutical composition of preventing and treating chicken coccidiosis

The pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating chicken coccidiosis comprises attapulgite clay loaded with zinc and chromium and the anticoccidial drug diclazuril, which are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1.

Embodiment 3: the preventive effect of zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay on chicken coccidiosis

In large-scale chicken farms, when the chickens were 12 days old, 600 chickens were randomly selected, divided into 4 groups, 150 chickens in each group, and each group was separately caged and fed. The first group: add 5g of zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay per kilogram of feed; the second group: add 10g of zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay per kilogram of feed; the third group: add 15g of zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay per kilogram of feed ; The fourth group (blank group): normal feed. Observe the mental state of the chickens in each group every day, and count whether there is blood in the stool. If there is blood in the stool, use the saturated saline flotation method to check whether you can see coccidia oocysts. If there are coccidia oocysts, it can be confirmed as coccidia infection .

According to the observation results, the onset of chickens began at the age of 15 days, and a small amount of blood in the stool was observed, and coccidia oocysts could be detected. There was no significant difference between the groups, and the blood in the stool stopped until the age of 30 days. But the flock of chickens fell ill for the second time at the age of 37 days (as shown in Figure 1), and the number of bloody stools in the blank group for the second time was the largest, and the disease was the most serious. Feed added zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay group, the number of bloody stools is less, the spirit is better, and the higher the dose, the more obvious the effect. It shows that the zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay has preventive effect on chicken coccidiosis, and the preventive effect on secondary disease is more obvious. In the high-dose group, 15g of zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay was added to the feed, and the number of secondary onset bloody stools was the least, and the cycle of bloody stool was also the shortest, and the bloody stool stopped five days earlier than that of the blank group.

Embodiment 4: the therapeutic effect of the pharmaceutical composition of preventing and treating chicken coccidiosis to chicken coccidiosis

The chicks were conventionally raised until they were 10 days old, weighed one by one, divided into 7 groups, 30 in each group, and fed corresponding feeds according to the groups. Group A: blank group; Group B: add 20 g of the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating chicken coccidiosis of the present invention loaded with zinc and chromium in every kilogram of feed; Group C: add 10 g of the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating chicken coccidiosis of the present invention in every kilogram of feed Loaded with zinc and chromium; D group: add 10g of zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay prepared by the present invention in every kilogram of feed; E group: add 5g of zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay prepared by the present invention in every kilogram of feed; F group: every kilogram of feed Add 15g of diclazuril in the medium; G group: positive control group (infection without administration group). Each chick in the 14-day-old experimental group and the positive control group was fed with 5×10 ⁴ chicken coccidia oocysts with a dropper. The chicks in the blank group were reared separately and fed with 1 mL of 0.8% normal saline through a dropper. On the 8th day after infection, the experimental chickens were weighed, 15 experimental chickens were killed, and the cecum and contents were taken for autopsy, and the lesions were scored, and then the homogenate was weighed and digested, and the oocysts were collected. Combined with the number of fecal oocysts, the oocysts were calculated According to the relative weight gain rate, survival rate, lesion value and oocyst value, the anticoccidial index (ACI) was calculated. After 8 days of infection, they were fed with normal feed until they were 30 days old and weighed.

ACI = (relative weight gain rate + survival rate) - (lesion value + oocyst value).

Relative weight gain: take the average weight gain of each chicken in the blank group as 100% during the test, and calculate the average weight gain percentage of each chicken in other groups, that is, the relative weight gain (%)=the average weight gain of the test group /Average weight gain of blank group×100%.

Survival rate: take the survival rate of the blank group as 100%, and calculate the survival rate of the test chickens in other groups, that is, the survival rate (%)=the number of surviving chickens in the group/the total number of chickens in the group×100%.

Lesion value: average lesion score × 10, the scoring standard is shown in Table 1.

Oocyst value: add the number of oocysts obtained from cecal homogenate digestion after necropsy to the number of oocysts in the feces of the group on the 5th to 8th day, and calculate the average number of oocysts per chicken in each group, and the ratio of oocysts (% )=the number of oocysts in the test group/the number of oocysts in the infection and non-administration group×100%.

Table 1: Evaluation criteria for lesion scoring

Table 2: Comparison table of oocyst ratio and oocyst value

Anticoccidial index (ACI) below 120 is ineffective anticoccidial; between 120-160 is low-effective anticoccidial; between 160-180 is medium-effective anticoccidial; above 180 is highly effective anticoccidial medicine.

Table 3: ACI results of each group

The anti-coccidial index ACI value of each group of present embodiment is as shown in table 3, and F group anti-coccidial index ACI value is lower than 160, is low-efficiency anticoccidial drug, shows that the coccidiostat oocyst used in this experiment has been on the ground. Clazuril produced drug resistance; the ACI value of group D was higher than that of group E, indicating that the effect of high-dose zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay was better than that of low-dose group; the ACI value of group B was higher than that of group E. Value is higher than C group anti-coccidiosis index ACI value, shows that the pharmaceutical composition effect of high dose prevention and treatment chicken coccidiosis is better than low dose group; Value, C group anticoccidial index ACI value is higher than E group, F group anticoccidial index ACI value, explain the pharmaceutical composition effect of preventing and treating chicken coccidiosis due to using zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay alone and using anticoccidiostat alone Chemical drugs, the simultaneous use of the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating coccidiosis in chickens reduces the consumption of anti-coccidiosis chemical drugs used alone.

Table 4: Average body weight, average weight gain and weight gain rate at 30 days

The average body weight, average weight gain and weight gain rate of all chickens raised to 1 month old are shown in Table 4, and the average weight gain of group A and group G is significantly different (P<0.05), indicating that they are infected with Eimeria tenella Afterwards, even if death does not occur, it will seriously affect the subsequent growth and development. There is a correlation between the difference in the weight gain rate of each group and the effects of various medications. Group B uses a high-dose pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating coccidiosis in chickens, and the anti-coccidiosis effect is the best, making the subsequent weight gain better than other groups. The blank group was the closest, indicating that the chickens in group B recovered better after being infected with Eimeria tenella.

In summary, adding a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating chicken coccidiosis in the feed can effectively reduce the amount of chicken blood in stool, reduce the excretion of fecal oocysts, slow down the decline in weight gain caused by infection with coccidiosis, and reduce the impact of chicken coccidiosis on chicken intestines. The damage caused by the intestinal tract, enhance the resistance of the intestinal mucosa, and have a good effect on the prevention and treatment of chicken coccidiosis. The effect is better than that of zinc-chromium-loaded attapulgite clay or diclazuril, an anticoccidial chemical drug, alone. At the same time, it can also reduce the use of anticoccidial chemical drugs, reduce drug residues and reduce the occurrence of drug resistance problems.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of pharmaceutical composition for preventing chicken coccidiasis, it is characterised in that consist of the following compositions：50% load zinc chrome is recessed Convex stick clay, 50% diclazuril；

The load zinc chrome attapulgite clay is prepared by following methods：Containing zinc ion, chromium ion solution in concave convex rod is added Clay 100g/L reacts 4h under 55 DEG C of water-bath oscillating conditions, and deionized water is washed 3 times, is dried to perseverance in 105 DEG C of drying boxes Weight, grinding cross 200 mesh and sieve to obtain load zinc chrome attapulgite clay.

2. a kind of pharmaceutical composition for preventing chicken coccidiasis as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the zinc ion For zinc chloride.

3. a kind of pharmaceutical composition for preventing chicken coccidiasis as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the chromium ion For chromium trichloride.

4. a kind of pharmaceutical composition for preventing chicken coccidiasis as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the zinc from A concentration of 1mol/L of son, the chromium ion concentration are 0.05mol/L.

5. purposes of any described pharmaceutical compositions of claim 1-4 in preparing prevention chicken coccidiasis drug or feed.

6. purposes as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that add 20g described pharmaceutical compositions in per kilogram of feed.

7. a kind of preparation method for preventing the pharmaceutical composition of chicken coccidiasis, 1mol/L containing zinc ion, chromium ion Attapulgite clay 100g/L is added in the solution of 0.05mol/L, under 55 DEG C of water-bath oscillating conditions, reacts 4h, deionization washing It washs 3 times, is dried in 105 DEG C of drying boxes to constant weight, grinding, cross 200 mesh and sieve to obtain load zinc chrome attapulgite clay, carry zinc chrome concave convex rod Clay and anticoccidial drug diclazuril are according to 1:1 mass ratio is uniformly mixed up to described pharmaceutical composition.