CN105707114A - Pesticide composition used for preventing and controlling Drosophila suzukii and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticide preparations, particularly relates to a pesticide composition used for preventing and controlling Drosophila suzukii, and further discloses a preparation method of the pesticide composition.The pesticide composition is formed by compounding bifenthrin and azadirachtin which are used as raw material pesticide, the advantages of the two types of pesticide are brought into full play and supplement each other, the advantages that azadirachtin is short in residue longevity and bifenthrin is rapid in effect are brought into play, the disadvantage that bifenthrin does not have systemic translocation is overcome, and the unexpected synergism is achieved after the two types of pesticide are compounded for use compared with the effects achieved when the raw material pesticide is independently used.The Drosophila suzukii prevention and control effect of the pesticide composition is remarkable, the number of pesticide spraying times is decreased, resistance is delayed, the service life of the new species is prolonged, the effects of reducing cost and environment pollution are achieved, the prevention and control effect of the compound pesticide composition is good, the prevention and control effect on Drosophila suzukii can reach 97% or above, and cost and environment pollution are reduced.

Description

A kind of pesticide composition for preventing and treating spotted winged fruit flies and its preparation method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticide preparations, in particular relates to a pesticide composition for preventing and treating spotted winged fruit flies, and further discloses a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Drosophilasuzukii, also known as Cherry Drosophila and Drosophila Suzuki, belongs to the order Diptera, the suborder Annuli, the family Drosophilidae, the genus Drosophila, and the subgenus Drosophila. Drosophila spotted wing is a common pest faced by many orchard crops. Drosophila spotted wing is harmful to the planting of various berries and stone fruits such as blueberries, blackberries, cherries, strawberries, plums, peaches, grapes, figs, kiwis and pears. have greater hazards.

Drosophila spotted wing first appeared in Japan and China, and has recently invaded other countries. Because the ovipositor of Drosophila spotted wing is jagged and has a certain hardness, it can easily pierce the fruit peel and lay eggs inside the intact fruit , the only visible damage on the surface is only tiny spawning marks. After the eggs hatch, the larvae will eat and eat, causing the fruit to completely soften, brown and even rot, which greatly reduces the yield and quality of the fruit. cause greater harm. Since 2012, survey data have shown that many cherry planting areas in China have been severely harmed by fruit flies. If the orchard management is not strengthened and timely preventive measures are taken, the damage rate of cherries in the orchards of mid-late maturing cherries will reach 95%.

At present, the main control method for such pests in our country is mainly chemical pesticide control, but with the continuous increase and innovation of the types of pesticides, due to the lack of understanding of pesticides and unreasonable mix and match, people began to abuse them in large quantities. Insecticides not only fail to achieve good economic benefits, but also cause environmental pollution and increase the resistance of pests, and some even seriously harm their natural enemies. In addition, since the spotted wing Drosophila begins to harm the fruit when the fruit of the orchard crops is about to mature, and this time period generally coincides with the fruit picking period, so the choice of the type and dosage of pesticides to be sprayed also needs to be very cautious. Therefore, for the control of spotted wing Drosophila, the research on pesticides is of great significance.

Contents of the invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pesticide composition that can effectively control Drosophila spotted wing, and further disclose its preparation method and use.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the pesticide composition for preventing and treating Drosophila spotted wing according to the present invention, said composition includes bifenthrin and azadirachtin, the mass ratio of said bifenthrin and azadirachtin 0.4-1.75:1.

Preferably, the mass ratio of bifenthrin to azadirachtin is 0.8-1.6:1.

The invention also discloses the use of the composition for preparing pesticide preparations for preventing and treating spotted winged fruit flies.

The invention also discloses a pesticide preparation for preventing and treating the spotted winged fruit fly. The pesticide preparation uses the pesticide composition as a raw material and adds conventional auxiliary materials to make a conventional pesticide dosage form.

Further, the pesticide formulation includes the following preparation components based on its total mass:

More preferably, the pesticide preparation includes the following preparation components in terms of its total mass:

The hypertonic agent is transdermal.

The emulsifier is Nongru 500 and/or Nongru 2201.

The solvent is acetone or N,N-dimethylformamide.

The invention also discloses a method for preparing the pesticide preparation for preventing and treating Drosophila spotted wing, taking a selected amount of the bifenthrin, adding part of the solvent to mix and stir, and adding a selected amount of emulsified The agent continues to stir until the bifenthrin is completely dissolved; then add the selected amount of the azadirachtin and stir until the azadirachtin is completely dissolved, add the selected amount of the hypertonic agent, and add the remainder The solvent is stirred to obtain a uniform and transparent solution.

The invention also discloses a method for preventing and treating the spotted winged fruit fly, which includes the step of spraying the pesticide preparation on crops.

The pesticide composition for preventing and treating Drosophila spotted wing according to the present invention is compounded with bifenthrin and azadirachtin as the original drug, wherein bifenthrin belongs to broad-spectrum, high-efficiency quick-acting pyrethroids Insecticide, no systemic and fumigation activity, mainly contact and stomach poisoning, inhibits the conduction of insect nerve axons, has the effect of avoiding, knocking down and poisoning insects, has a wide insecticidal spectrum and high activity , rapid drug effect, can control a variety of pests on fruit trees, vegetables, and food crops. At the same time, as the third generation of pyrethroids, it has the characteristics of slow development of pest resistance, but its effect on Drosophila spotted wing The control effect is poor; and azadirachtin, as a broad-spectrum, high-efficiency plant-derived pesticide, mainly disrupts the balance of insect endocrine hormones, affects metabolism, disrupts normal growth and development, and directly or indirectly destroys the chemoreceptors of insect mouthparts. It produces an antifeedant effect, and through the action of midgut digestive enzymes, the nutrient conversion of food is insufficient, which affects the growth and development of insects, but the control effect of it alone on Drosophila spotted wing is relatively general. The pesticide composition of the present invention fully utilizes the complementary advantages of the above two primary pesticides, not only taking advantage of the short residual period of azadirachtin and good quick-acting properties of bifenthrin, but also overcoming the fact that bifenthrin has no systemic absorption. Compared with the single effect of the two original drugs, there is an unexpected synergistic effect after compound use, which has a significant effect on the control of Drosophila spotted wing, reduces the number of spraying, delays resistance, and prolongs the life of new varieties. Life expectancy, cost reduction and environmental pollution. The compound pesticide preparation has a good control effect, and the control effect on Drosophila spotted wing can reach more than 97%, and the cost and environmental pollution are reduced.

In the pesticide preparation of the present invention, the usage amount of the two is fully preferred, and the usage amount of the bifenthrin is 2%-16%, which overcomes the fact that the residual effect of the prepared compound pesticide preparation is too high because the content is too high. If the content is too low, it will lead to the problem that the prepared compound pesticide preparation cannot achieve a good control effect. The consumption of azadirachtin is 2.5%-20%, which overcomes the high cost of the prepared compound pesticide caused by the high ratio of azadirachtin; The problem of better control effect.

In the pesticide preparation of the present invention, the emulsifier can be selected from the commercially available Nongru 500 and/or 2201, and the dosage is 5%-20%, and the emulsion of the prepared pesticide preparation is relatively stable. And described hyperosmotic agent selects transdermal for use, consumption is 3%-10%, and transdermal reduces the diffusion resistance of medicine or active additive in stratum corneum, plays very strong permeation promoting effect, guarantees that it finally makes Insecticidal effect of compound pesticides.

The compound pesticide for preventing and treating Drosophila spotted wing described in the present invention adopts bifenthrin and azadirachtin as main components, and is equipped with selected emulsifiers and hyperosmotic agents to achieve complementary advantages. Complementary effects, the drug effect is significantly improved, the number of spraying is reduced, the cost and environmental pollution are reduced, and the control effect on spotted winged fruit flies is obviously better than most products on the market today.

detailed description

The original drug of bifenthrin described in the following examples and experimental examples of the present invention is provided by Zhongnong United Pesticide Co., Ltd.; the original drug of azadirachtin is provided by Shandong Xinnongji Pesticide Chemical Co., Ltd.; Sensitive populations were reared in the entomology room of the Plant Protection Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The breeding temperature was 25.0±1.0°C, the relative humidity was maintained at 70±5%, and the photoperiod was 16L:8D; the adult Drosophila spotted wing was selected as the standard test insect.

Example 1

The pesticide preparation 100kg that is used for preventing and treating Drosophila spotted wing described in the present embodiment, by weight percentage, its raw material is composed of: bifenthrin former medicine 2%, azadirachtin former medicine 5%, transdermalin 4%, pesticide Emulsifier 22015%, N,N-dimethylformamide solvent balance.

The preparation method of the pesticide preparation described in this example is: add part of the solvent to bifenthrin, stir for 30-60 minutes, then add the emulsifier 2201 to it while stirring; Then add azadirachtin, stir until the azadirachtin dissolves, then add transdermal, add the remaining amount of solvent, and stir to obtain a uniform and transparent solution that is the target pesticide preparation.

The pesticide preparation prepared above was used for the control of Drosophila spotted wing by referring to the improved Petri dish coating method of NY/T1154.8-2007 filter paper coating method, and the mortality rate of Drosophila spotted wing reached 91.63%.

Example 2

The pesticide preparation 100kg that is used for preventing and treating Drosophila spotted wing described in the present embodiment, by weight percentage, its raw material consists of: bifenthrin former medicine 4%, azadirachtin former medicine 10%, transdermalin 6%, pesticide Emulsifier 220110%, N, N-dimethylformamide solvent balance.

The preparation method of the pesticide formulation described in this example is the same as that in Example 1.

The pesticide preparation prepared above was used for the control of Drosophila spotted wing by referring to the improved Petri dish coating method of NY/T1154.8-2007 filter paper coating method, and the mortality rate of Drosophila spotted wing reached 93.12%.

Example 3

The pesticide preparation 100kg that is used for preventing and treating Drosophila spotted wing described in the present embodiment, by weight percentage, its raw material is made up of: the former medicine of bifenthrin 8%, the former medicine of azadirachtin 12%, transdermal 5%, pesticide Emulsifier 220115%, N, N-dimethylformamide solvent balance.

The preparation method of the pesticide formulation described in this example is the same as that in Example 1.

The pesticide preparation prepared above was used for the control of Drosophila spotted wing by referring to the improved Petri dish coating method of NY/T1154.8-2007 filter paper coating method, and the mortality rate of Drosophila spotted wing reached 94.75%.

Example 4

The pesticide preparation 100kg that is used for preventing and treating Drosophila spotted wing described in the present embodiment, by weight percentage, its raw material is made up of: the former medicine of bifenthrin 12%, the former medicine of azadirachtin 15%, transdermal 8%, pesticide Emulsifier 220112%, N, N-dimethylformamide solvent balance.

The preparation method of the pesticide formulation described in this example is the same as that in Example 1.

The pesticide preparation prepared above was used for the control of Drosophila spotted wing by referring to the improved Petri dish coating method of filter paper coating method in NY/T1154.8-2007, and the mortality rate of Drosophila spotted wing reached 95.61%.

Example 5

The pesticide preparation 100kg that is used for preventing and treating Drosophila spotted wing described in the present embodiment, by weight percentage, its raw material consists of: bifenthrin former medicine 14%, azadirachtin former medicine 8%, transdermal 3%, pesticide Emulsifier 220116%, N, N-dimethylformamide solvent balance.

The preparation method of the pesticide preparation described in this example is the same as that in Example 1.

The pesticide preparation prepared above was used for the control of Drosophila spotted wing by referring to the improved Petri dish coating method of NY/T1154.8-2007 filter paper coating method, and the mortality rate of Drosophila spotted wing reached 96.23%.

Example 6

The pesticide preparation 100kg that is used for preventing and treating Drosophila spotted wing described in the present embodiment, by weight percentage, its raw material is made up of: the former medicine of bifenthrin 10%, the former medicine of azadirachtin 20%, transdermal 10%, pesticide Emulsifier 220120%, N, N-dimethylformamide solvent balance.

The preparation method of the pesticide formulation described in this example is the same as that in Example 1.

The pesticide preparation prepared above was used for the control of Drosophila spotted wing by referring to the improved Petri dish coating method of NY/T1154.8-2007 filter paper coating method, and the mortality rate of Drosophila spotted wing reached 92.72%.

Example 7

The pesticide preparation 100kg that is used for preventing and treating Drosophila spotted wing described in the present embodiment, by weight percentage, its raw material consists of: bifenthrin 16%, azadirachtin 2.5%, transdermalin 10%, pesticide emulsifier 500-20% , the balance of N,N-dimethylformamide solvent.

The preparation method of the pesticide formulation described in this example is the same as that in Example 1.

Comparative example 1

The pesticide preparation described in this comparative example uses bifenthrin alone as the original drug to prepare the pesticide 100kg, by weight percentage, its raw material consists of: bifenthrin 15%, transdermalin 5%, pesticide emulsifier 220110%, The balance of N,N-dimethylformamide solvent.

The preparation method of the pesticide preparation described in this example is as follows: add part of the solvent to bifenthrin, and stir for 30-60 minutes; The uniform and transparent solution is the target compound pesticide.

The pesticide preparation prepared above was used for the control of Drosophila spotted wing by referring to the improved Petri dish coating method of filter paper coating method in NY/T1154.8-2007, and the mortality rate of Drosophila spotted wing was 57.65%.

Comparative example 2

The pesticide preparation described in this comparative example uses azadirachtin alone as the original drug to prepare 100kg of the pesticide, and by weight percentage, its raw material consists of: azadirachtin 18%, transdermalin 5%, pesticide emulsifier 220110%, N, N-dimethylformamide solvent balance.

The preparation method of the pesticide preparation described in this example is: add part of the solvent to the azadirachtin, and stir for 30-60 minutes; then add an emulsifier and a hypertonic agent while stirring, add the remaining amount of solvent, and stir evenly The transparent solution is the target compound pesticide.

The pesticide preparation prepared above was used for the control of Drosophila spotted wing by referring to the improved Petri dish coating method of filter paper coating method in NY/T1154.8-2007, and the mortality rate of Drosophila spotted wing was 66.71%.

Through the data of above-mentioned embodiment and comparative example, adopt two kinds of pesticides as main component among the present invention, be equipped with emulsifying agent and hyperosmotic agent, have reached complementary advantages, the effect of complementing each other, the control effect of Drosophila spotted wing obviously improves.

Experimental example

1. Ratio experiment of bifenthrin and azadirachtin

Since bifenthrin and azadirachtin are the main active ingredients of the compound pesticide, after the present invention mixes bifenthrin and azadirachtin according to different proportions to prepare the compound pesticide, refer to NY/T1154.8- In 2007, the petri dish drug film method improved by the filter paper drug film method was used to treat the test insects.

Dilute the test agent to 7 concentrations, spread a piece of filter paper on the bottom of a 10cm-diameter petri dish, absorb 0.4mL of the drug solution to be tested at the corresponding mass concentration that has been prepared, and drop it on the surface of the filter paper to make it just completely wet. Then apple slices with a size of about 2cm×2cm×5mm were soaked in different concentrations of the drug solution to be tested for 1 min, then taken out, and placed in a petri dish covered with filter paper treated with the same drug solution. The worms starved for 2 hours were anesthetized with CO ₂ gas for 5 seconds, and then moved into petri dishes. Each concentration treated 30 heads, repeated 4 times, and clear water was used as control. Cultivate in a light incubator with a temperature of 25.0±1.0°C, a relative humidity of 70±5%, and a photoperiod of 16L:8D. Check the death of the test insects at 24h and 48h after the treatment, record the total number of insects and the number of dead insects respectively, and calculate the mortality rate, LC ₅₀ and co-toxicity coefficient. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1 Effects of different proportioning agents

potion 24h LC ₅₀ value (mg/L) 24h co-toxicity coefficient 48h LC ₅₀ value (mg/L) 48h co-toxicity coefficient Bifenthrin 2.95 1.85 Azadirachtin 4.18 2.27 Bifenthrin: Azadirachtin (1:10) 7.56 55.58 5.79 43.28 Bifenthrin: Azadirachtin (1:5) 5.93 95.48 3.69 75.19 Bifenthrin: Azadirachtin (2:5) 4.87 78.65 2.87 64.35 Bifenthrin:Azadirachtin (4:5) 2.68 158.42 1.21 168.34 Bifenthrin: Azadirachtin (8:5) 2.87 135.91 1.47 125.87 Bifenthrin: Azadirachtin (16:5) 5.16 100.58 3.52 89.52 Bifenthrin:Azadirachtin (32:5) 6.54 75.64 4.86 57.61

It can be seen from the above table 1 that when the ratio of bifenthrin and azadirachtin is 0.8-1.6:1, the co-toxicity coefficient of the obtained pesticide composition is 125.87-168.34, and the mixing effect is the most ideal.

2. Insecticidal effect of single agent and compound pesticide

The purpose of this experimental example is to study the difference in the field efficacy test of the original pesticide single agent and the compound agent in the control of Drosophila spotted wing with and without hyperosmotic agent.

Mix the compound pesticide preparation prepared in the above example with water according to the volume ratio of 1:6000-8000 to make a liquid for field application, and spray the cherry trees and the ground evenly throughout the field, and every ^50m2 The amount of the compounded pesticide preparation is 0.45mL-0.75mL. According to the activity characteristics of Drosophila larvae mainly in the weeds around the trees after pupation, when spraying pesticides, focus on the weeds on the surface of the field.

The test was carried out in the cherry orchard of the Provincial Fruit Institute Experimental Base in Taishan City, Shandong Province. The test treatments were respectively 10% bifenthrin (plus hyperosmotic agent) per mu dosage of 50ml, 10% bifenthrin original drug single dosage of 50ml per mu, 15% azadirachtin (plus hyperosmotic agent) dosage per mu 50ml, 15% azadirachtin original drug single dosage dosage 50ml per mu, the compound pesticide preparation obtained in Example 4 the dosage per mu 10ml, the compound pesticide preparation obtained in Example 5 Mu dosage 10ml.

Taking clear water spraying as blank control, a total of 9 parallel treatment experiments, each treatment repeated 3 times, a total of 27 plots, each with an area of 30m ² , and the plots were randomly arranged in blocks. The medical device is a backpack-type Singapore Linong sprayer, and the water consumption per mu of land is 50Kg. 3d, 5d, and 7d after spraying, investigate the number of surviving insects and calculate the corrected control effect. The experimental results are recorded in Table 2 below.

Control effect (%) = (the number of live insects in the blank control area - the number of live insects in the treatment area) / the number of live insects in the blank control area × 100.

Table 2 Statistical results of field trials of single and compound pesticides to control Drosophila spotted wing

Note: *The corrected control effect in the table is analyzed by variance after arcsine transformation, and multiple comparisons are carried out by Duncan's new multiple range method. Those with the same letter in the same column have no significant difference at the 0.05 level.

As can be seen from the above test results: the control effect of 10% bifenthrin (adding hyperosmotic agent) after 3-7 days is 74.51%-87.61%, which is significantly higher than the control effect without adding hypertonic agent 57.81%-77.58% The control effect of 3-7d after 15% azadirachtin (adding hypertonic agent) is at 81.29%-85.76%, which is significantly higher than the control effect 58.64%-75.62% without hypertonicity; and in the embodiment of the present invention 4 The control effect of the prepared compound pesticide preparation (adding hypertonic agent) 3-7d after the drug is 91.58%-94.67%, which is significantly higher than the control effect 75.67%-79.64% without adding hypertonic agent; and prepared in Example 5 of the present invention The control effect of the compound pesticide preparation (with hypertonic agent) 3-7 days after application is 94.68%-97.28%, which is significantly higher than that without hypertonic agent 84.08%-89.75%. The control effect of the compound pesticide preparation of the present invention after 7 days of medication is much higher than that of using bifenthrin or azadirachtin alone in the prior art. The control effect of the pesticide preparation was 97.28% 7 days after application, and the control effect was the best.

Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clear description, rather than limiting the implementation. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or changes in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or changes derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A pesticide composition for preventing and treating Drosophila spotted wing, characterized in that, said composition comprises bifenthrin and azadirachtin, and the mass ratio of said bifenthrin and azadirachtin is 0.4- 1.75:1. 2. The pesticide composition for controlling Drosophila spotted wing according to claim 1, characterized in that the mass ratio of bifenthrin and azadirachtin is 0.8-1.6:1. 3. the composition described in claim 1 or 2 is used for the preparation of the purposes of the pesticide formulation of preventing and treating Drosophila spotted wing. 4. A pesticide preparation for preventing and treating Drosophila spotted wing, characterized in that, the pesticide preparation uses the pesticide composition according to claim 1 or 2 as a raw material, and adds conventional auxiliary materials to make a conventional pesticide dosage form. 5. The pesticide formulation according to claim 4, characterized in that, in terms of the gross mass of the pesticide formulation, the following preparation components are included: Bifenthrin 2-16wt%; Azadirachtin 2.5-20wt%; Hypertonic agent 3-10wt%; Emulsifier 5-20wt%; Solvent balance. 6. The pesticide formulation according to claim 5, characterized in that, the hypertonic agent is transdermal. 7. The pesticide formulation according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the emulsifier is Nongru 500 and/or Nongru 2201. 8. The pesticide formulation according to any one of claims 5-7, wherein the solvent is acetone or N,N-dimethylformamide. 9. A method for preparing any one of claims 5-8 for preventing and controlling the pesticide preparation of Drosophila spotted wing, characterized in that: take the bifenthrin of a selected amount, and add part of the solvent mixture Stir evenly, while adding a selected amount of emulsifier and continue to stir until the bifenthrin is completely dissolved; then add the selected amount of the azadirachtin and stir, and add the selected amount of the hypertonic agent, and add the remaining amount of the solvent, and stir to obtain a uniform and transparent solution. 10. A method for controlling Drosophila spotted wing, characterized in that it comprises the step of spraying the pesticide formulation according to any one of claims 5-8 to crops.