Background technology
Oily sludge is the inevitable outcome of steel rolling processing procedure, and its volume accounts for and processes the 0.3%~1% of sewage volume, and the handling of mud accounts for the 8%~25% of whole water handling。Along with the raising of enterprises' production capacity, water consumption increases, and the discharge capacity of mud also increases accordingly。The feature of oily sludge be moisture content compared with high, volume big, be easily generated stench, because containing brown iron oxide grain, proportion is bigger, and be in granular form, hardness is high, abrasion is big, oil content up to 10%~20%, viscosity is high, be easily formed " greasy filth group ", is a kind of iron and steel enterprise iron content solid waste of being difficult to process。
Blast furnace gas mud is the raw material dust and high-temperature region intense reaction that carry out in blast furnace ironmaking process along with blast furnace gas and the product that obtains through wet dust removal of the microgranule that produces。Blast furnace gas mud is as the side-product of steel and iron industry, and its main component is oxide and the carbon of ferrum, and namely from the Iron Ore Powder of furnace roof blowout and coke powder, full ferrum iron content is probably about 30%, and carbon content is about 20%。Simultaneously because containing a certain amount of non-ferrous metal in the iron ore of part blast furnace use, some lower boiling non-ferrous metals enter blast furnace gas after volatilizing in blast furnace, are finally enriched with in gas mud in the form of the oxide。There is presently no a kind of effective low cost process method and can effectively process blast furnace dust。
By consulting literatures: (1) Ji Zhenxing have in the middle of 2005 " Second China National metallurgy water saving, sewage disposal technology seminar " upper paper being entitled as " research of steel rolling oil-containing turbid circulating water comprehensive treatment technique " announced " concentration of hydraulic mixture 40% of certain steel rolling mill; oil content is up to 11~13; by being pumped into three-phase decanter machine dehydration; continuous feed; solid, oily, water three-phase is continuously separated; aqueous phase contains only the oil of 0.05%~0.1% and the solid matter of 0.3%~0.4% after dehydration, sedimentation tank can be sent into and return turbid circulating water system。In oil phase, oil content reaches 97%, recycles。The moisture content of mud cake is only 14%~16% and minimal amount of oil (~3.0%) mainly brown iron oxide, recycles as high-grade Iron concentrate。" content statement;(2) Liao Hongqiang, Qian Kai, Zhao Minge et al. 2006 " Second China National Baosteel Annual Conference " upper announce be entitled as in " Shoudu Iron and Steel Co develop a circular economy engineering practice and strategic thinking " literary composition and have " the steel rolling oil-sludge treatment technology of Shoudu Iron and Steel Co independent development; the processing of steel rolling greasy filth solid waste is separated into moisture, oil point and three kinds of products of brown iron oxide, and realizes its harmless treatment and recycling。" content statement。(3) there is the content statement of " after (blast furnace dust etc.) solid waste makes consumption increase; Metallurgical Properties of Sinter worsens serious; and then have influence on blast furnace; blast furnace shows as overall permeability of stock column and is deteriorated, and full blast level reduces " in the middle of paper being entitled as " Shoudu Iron and Steel Co moves steel blast furnace sinter with addition of solid waste practice summary " that Wang Weiping, Zhang Haibin announce in the middle of " the 13rd the big blast furnace ironmaking Annual Conference collection of thesis in the whole nation "。(4) Xu Haichuan, have in the middle of all and quick et al. papers being entitled as " through engineering approaches and production practices thereof that rotary hearth furnace processes steel mill's solid waste technique " delivered on " iron and steel " magazine of the third phase in 2012 " steel mill's zinc-containing dust due in blast furnace iron-making process cannot efficient recovery, cause the huge wasting of resources and environmental pollution。The U.S. and Japan and other countries adopt rotary hearth furnace process to process the iron dust containing of steel mill's solid waste especially zincy lead, have proven to successful technique at present。" content statement。
Known according to above content statement: (1) processes the main technique of steel rolling greasy filth at present is adopt plant equipment to carry out dehydration deoiling treatment。But do not state the Land use systems of follow-up greasy filth。(2) the current maximally effective technique of blast furnace dust is to adopt rotary hearth furnace process to process, but the investment of the technological equipment of rotary hearth furnace is higher, processes this type of zinc-containing dust of blast furnace dust relatively costly。
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the autoreduction of a kind of steel rolling oily sludge and blast furnace dust and utilize technique, it is possible to the oil price in gas ash and steel rolling greasy filth is worth maximized utilization, reclaim harmful element, no longer environment is worked the mischief。
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the autoreduction of a kind of steel rolling oily sludge and blast furnace dust utilizes technique, and the buying granularity limestone powder roping less than 2mm is stand-by to pelletizing production line, and pelletizing production line adopts pair rolls cold pressing ball machine production line;Simultaneously by stand-by to pelletizing production line to steel rolling greasy filth and blast furnace dust roping;Limestone powder, blast furnace dust and steel rolling greasy filth, add common vertical mixer according to the ratio that mass percent is 10:75:15 of three and be stirred mixing;After stirring, it being pressed on pair rolls cold pressing ball machine the pelletizing that diameter is 30~50mm, roping is stand-by to converter lines;In converter tapping process, described pelletizing is added together along with slag slag ladle, or to equipped with adding described pelletizing in the slag ladle of liquid steel slag from top, the pelletizing of addition and the mass ratio of slag are 1:10;After pelletizing adds, slag ladle stands 60 ± 20min, and then slag carries out processing according to normal hot vexed slag technique;After the vexed Slag treatment of heat, slag carries out the iron-bearing material after selecting ferrum can directly for pelletizing plant, sintering plant, and tailings recommends construction of road and bridge field or cement industry uses。
Present invention process is to utilize steel rolling oily sludge and blast furnace dust both solid wastes, adding portion functional material, synthetically produced self-reductivity pelletizing, join in the slag ladle equipped with liquid converter oxidisability slag, the high temperature utilizing slag and the more feature of the oxide contained, make the two react, then slag adopts hot vexed slag technique to process, slag after process is through magnetic separation, reclaim iron-bearing material therein, it is applied to ironmaking or steel-making, tailings is applied to repair the roads or manufacture of cement, realize the reasonable recovery of gas ash and the valuable element in greasy filth, tailings can be innoxious and be used。Wherein the composition of certain factory's liquid converter oxidizing slag is shown in following table:
The know-why of the present invention is based on following fundamental cause and mechanism:
(1) blast furnace dust is powder waste, pulverous gas ash is difficult to join in the middle of the slag ladle containing converter liquid steel slag, by its pelletizing or agglomeration, join in converter slag ladle, C in the middle of gas ash is the non-conductor of heat, affect the reaction of gas ash and slag and the subsequent treatment of slag。
(2) oil in steel rolling greasy filth is also the non-conductor of a kind of heat, greasy filth is joined in converter liquid steel slag, or joining in converter liquid steel slag after pelletizing, the greasy filth of steel rolling all can not participate in reaction, the subsequent treatment of this utilization affecting steel rolling greasy filth equally and slag at short notice。
(3) temperature of converter liquid oxidatively slag is at 1400~1750 DEG C, the heat of converter oxidizing slag, the oil in the carbon contained in the middle of blast furnace dust and steel rolling greasy filth is passed in heat, they all can react by the ferrum oxide middle with gas ash and greasy filth, it also is able to react with the ferrum oxide of converter oxidizing slag centre, manganese oxide, generate physics ferrum, be deposited on tank bottoms and be recycled。Wherein carbon is shown in following table with the reaction condition of ferrum oxide:
(4) oxide of alkali metal oxide in the middle of gas ash and zinc, the condition that itself and carbon react is shown in following table:
(5) result of study that what By consulting literatures (5) Zhou Guangyu published between the 8th (2011) China Steel nd Annual Meeting is concentrated be entitled as " metallurgical breeze and the research of ion dust mud contaning pellet binder " announces shows, oil is also a kind of binding agent。Oil in steel rolling greasy filth is a kind of acidulous material, is also the binder material of a kind of iron content pelletizing。
Inventor is according to above process characteristic, use steel rolling greasy filth as binding agent, bonding limestone powder and blast furnace dust, ball press is suppressed into the pelletizing of 30~50mm, while liquid steel slag is poured out in converter, join in slag ladle, can also to equipped with in the slag ladle of liquid steel slag, pelletizing is added from slag ladle top, after adding pelletizing, limestone in pelletizing first decomposes, pelletizing fragmentation is promoted to become little granule one by one, directly react with liquid steel slag, can also react with little intragranular ferrum oxide, avoid pelletizing because of carbon containing, heat is caused quickly to transmit, promote that pelletizing participates in the short slab of reaction。Reaction equation and the principle of the present invention are as follows:
CaCO3+QHeat→CaO+CO2↑ (1)
2Fe2O3(s)+3C (s)+QHeat=4Fe(s)+3CO2(g) (2)
FeO+Fe2O3+CnHmOr+QHeat→Fe(s)+CO2(g)↑+H2O(g)↑(3)
FeO+C→Fe+CO2(g)↑ (4)
MnO+C→Mn+CO2(g)↑ (5)
2ZnO(s)+C(S)=2Zn(g)+CO2(g)↑ (6)
The gas CO of generation is decomposed after reaction (1) decomposes21. effusion, play: promote pelletizing fragmentation to become little granule, quickly participate in reduction reaction;2.: CO2, in the process of effusion, stirs liquid steel slag, adds the contact area of the little granule of pelletizing and liquid steel slag, improve response speed;3.: owing to this reaction is the endothermic reaction, it is possible to effectively reduce the temperature of converter liquid steel slag, be conducive to the vexed residues processing technique of heat of slag。
Reaction (2) produces autoreduction for the ferrum oxide that the carbon in the middle of gas ash and gas ash are middle and reacts, and the same gas produced contributes to expanding reaction interface。
Reaction (3) is reacted for the autoreduction occurred with the ferrum oxide in greasy filth after the oil-breaking in the middle of greasy filth。
The carbon that reaction (4) (5) decomposites for gas ash and greasy filth reacts with the ferrum oxide of slag centre, manganese oxide, the favourable potential value that make use of carbon, contributes to reclaiming the ferrum element in the middle of slag。
Reaction (6) is the autoreduction the occurred reaction of the ZnO in the middle of gas ash, but adopt this technique, after pelletizing fragmentation, ferrum oxide and manganese oxide that carbonaceous material is maximum with slag component intermediate amounts react, and reduce the probability of the ZnO autoreduction occurred reaction, and most zinc oxide has been stayed inside slag, oxidation by air again after the Zn gasification being reduced on a small quantity, entering inside the dedusting ash of hot vexed slag, the raw material being taken as cement is used, or proposes zinc process after enrichment。
60 ± 20min after pelletizing adds liquid steel slag, slag processes according to normal hot vexed slag technique, and after process, magnetic separation ferrum element therein is used for making steel or smelting iron, and tailings is applied to cement industry or highway industry, is used。
Beneficial effects of the present invention: through the PROCESS FOR TREATMENT of the present invention, in steel rolling greasy filth, the carbon of most oil and gas ash centre is taken as reducing agent use, become metallic iron, it is deposited in bottom slag ladle, achieve the value maximization of valuable element in both solid wastes, and do not affect follow-up normal process and the utilization of slag。The present invention utilizes the slag processing equipment of iron and steel enterprise, does not increase any investment and all can realize, and cost is low, it does not have the risk of contaminated environment。