CN105674278B - A kind of refuse burner of high combustion efficiency - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a garbage burning furnace with high combustion efficiency. Household garbage is filled into the furnace cavity of the combustion furnace from the top, and air is sent into the furnace cavity from the bottom, so that the garbage is burned upward from the bottom, and waste residue is discharged from the slag discharge outlet at the bottom. The final exhaust gas from the combustion of garbage is discharged from the lower part of the furnace cavity after being fully burned, so that the temperature in the furnace cavity gradually decreases from bottom to top. Through the waste combustion equipment with high-efficiency gas circulation in the optimized design above, the annular cooling chamber outside the furnace body can effectively cool down the lower furnace body. , to prevent cold air from entering the furnace cavity to affect the temperature in the furnace cavity and affect the combustion efficiency in the furnace cavity. The treatment temperature greatly improves the combustion efficiency in the furnace cavity. On the other hand, the exhaust gas is discharged after being cooled in the cooling chamber, which is convenient for subsequent exhaust gas treatment.

Description

A garbage incinerator with high combustion efficiency

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to a garbage incinerator with high combustion efficiency.

Background technique

In recent years, with the improvement of people's living standards, the generation of municipal solid waste has increased rapidly, and the stock of waste accumulation over the years has been huge. It is usually disposed of by landfill, causing waste to erode a large amount of land. The incineration method can maximize the effective treatment of domestic waste and occupy the least land resources. However, if the incineration tail gas is discharged directly without treatment, it will cause serious air pollution. In the existing waste treatment technology, pyrolysis and gasification are the main methods. However, due to the poor air permeability of the waste in the furnace, the burning speed is slow, and it is difficult to fully burn, which affects the efficiency of waste treatment. Therefore, it needs to be improved urgently. How to clean up domestic garbage efficiently, at low cost and without pollution has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes a garbage incinerator with high combustion efficiency.

A garbage incineration furnace with high combustion efficiency proposed by the present invention has a furnace cavity for burning garbage inside. The top of the furnace cavity is provided with a garbage inlet and the bottom is provided with a slagging outlet. It is characterized in that it includes: an upper furnace body , lower furnace body, air intake device, exhaust gas treatment device;

The outer periphery of the upper furnace wall is provided with a peripheral wall, and a first cooling cavity is formed between the peripheral wall and the upper furnace wall. The first cooling cavity is provided with a first air inlet, a first air outlet, and an exhaust gas treatment device. communicate with the first air outlet of the first cooling cavity through a pipeline, a cooling pipeline is provided in the first cooling cavity, and the cooling pipeline is filled with a cooling medium;

The outer wall of the lower part of the furnace includes a first lower enclosure and a second lower enclosure, the second lower enclosure is sleeved outside the first lower enclosure, and a second cooling space is formed between the first lower enclosure and the second lower enclosure cavity, the second cooling cavity is filled with cooling medium, the lower furnace body is provided with an annular baffle plate, an exhaust gas channel is formed between the annular baffle plate and the first lower coaming plate, and a fourth exhaust gas channel is provided on the exhaust gas channel an air inlet and a fourth air outlet, the fourth air inlet communicates with the lower part of the furnace cavity, and the fourth air outlet communicates with the first air inlet;

The air intake device includes an air preheating pipe, an air guide pipe, an air distribution pipe, and a blower. The air preheating pipe is coiled around the outer periphery of the first cooling cavity. The inlet of the air preheating pipe is connected to the blower, and the air distribution pipe is located at the bottom of the furnace chamber. The air distribution pipe is provided with a plurality of air holes, the air air pipe is located in the furnace cavity, and the two ends of the air air pipe are respectively connected with the outlet of the air preheating pipe and the inlet of the air distribution pipe.

Preferably, a plurality of air distribution pipes are arranged at the bottom of the furnace chamber, and the air ducts include a main air section and a plurality of branch air sections, the inlet of the main air section communicates with the outlet of the air preheating pipe, and the plurality of branch air section along the The extension direction of the main air section is distributed and communicated with the main air section, and the outlet of each branch air section is connected with the inlet of an air distribution pipe.

Preferably, a plurality of air distribution pipes are located in the same horizontal plane and arranged in parallel at equal intervals.

Preferably, a plurality of air ducts are arranged vertically in the furnace cavity, and the distance between any two adjacent air ducts is equal.

Preferably, the air distribution pipe is located under the annular baffle.

Preferably, the air preheating pipe is spirally wound outside the furnace wall of the lower furnace body to form a peripheral wall.

Preferably, the top end of the annular baffle is connected to the furnace wall of the upper furnace body.

In the garbage burning furnace with high combustion efficiency proposed in the present invention, domestic garbage is filled into the furnace cavity of the combustion furnace from the top, and air is sent into the furnace cavity from the bottom, so that the garbage is burned upward from the bottom, and the waste slag generated by combustion is discharged from the bottom. The slag is discharged from the outlet, and the final tail gas of garbage combustion is discharged from the lower part of the furnace chamber after being fully burned, so that the temperature in the furnace chamber gradually decreases from bottom to top. Through the waste combustion equipment with high-efficiency gas circulation in the optimized design above, the annular cooling chamber outside the furnace body can effectively cool down the lower furnace body. , to prevent cold air from entering the furnace cavity to affect the temperature in the furnace cavity and affect the combustion efficiency in the furnace cavity. The treatment temperature greatly improves the combustion efficiency in the furnace cavity. On the other hand, the exhaust gas is discharged after being cooled in the cooling chamber, which is convenient for subsequent exhaust gas treatment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a garbage incinerator with high combustion efficiency proposed by the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a garbage incinerator with high combustion efficiency proposed by the present invention.

With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of garbage incineration furnace with high combustion efficiency proposed by the present invention has a furnace cavity for burning garbage inside, the top of the furnace cavity is provided with a garbage inlet and the bottom is provided with a slagging outlet, it is characterized in that it includes : upper furnace body 1, lower furnace body 2, air intake device, tail gas treatment device 4;

The outer periphery of the furnace wall of the upper furnace body 1 is provided with a peripheral wall, and a first cooling cavity is formed between the peripheral wall and the furnace wall of the upper furnace body 1. The first cooling cavity is provided with a first air inlet and a first gas outlet, and the exhaust gas The processing device 4 communicates with the first air outlet of the first cooling cavity through a pipeline, and a cooling pipeline 5 is arranged in the first cooling cavity, and the cooling pipeline 5 is filled with a cooling medium;

The outer wall of the lower furnace body 2 includes a first lower enclosure 21 and a second lower enclosure 22, the second lower enclosure 22 is sleeved outside the first lower enclosure 21, the first lower enclosure 21 and the second lower enclosure 22 A second cooling cavity is formed between them, the second cooling cavity is filled with cooling medium, the lower furnace body 2 is provided with an annular baffle plate 6, and the top end of the annular baffle plate 6 is connected to the furnace wall of the upper furnace body 1. An exhaust gas channel is formed between the annular baffle plate 6 and the first lower coaming plate 21, and a fourth air inlet and a fourth air outlet are arranged on the exhaust gas channel, the fourth air inlet communicates with the lower part of the furnace chamber, and the fourth The air outlet communicates with the first air inlet;

The air intake device includes an air preheating pipe 31, an air guide pipe 32, a plurality of air distribution pipes 33, and a blower 34. The air preheating pipe 31 is spirally wound on the outer periphery of the first cooling cavity, and the inlet of the air preheating pipe 31 is connected with the blower. 34, the air duct 32 includes a main air section and a plurality of branch air sections, the inlet of the main air section communicates with the outlet of the air preheating pipe 31, and the plurality of branch air sections are distributed along the extension direction of the main air section and are all connected to the main air section. The gas section is connected, and the outlet of each branch air-guiding section communicates with the inlet of an air distribution pipe 33. The air distribution pipe 33 is located at the bottom of the furnace cavity. Below the annular baffle plate 6, the air distribution pipe 33 is provided with a plurality of air holes.

In the specific working process of the garbage burning furnace with high combustion efficiency in this embodiment, domestic garbage is filled into the furnace cavity from the top, and air is passed into the furnace cavity from the bottom, so that the garbage in the furnace cavity is burned upward from the bottom. The slag discharge outlet discharges the solid waste from the bottom of the furnace cavity, so that the combustion layer of the garbage in the furnace cavity remains in place; during the combustion process, the air is preheated on the periphery of the furnace cavity, and then enters the furnace cavity to prevent cold air Directly entering the furnace chamber will cause a sudden drop in temperature in the furnace chamber, which will affect the combustion efficiency of the garbage in the furnace chamber and ensure the combustion-supporting effect. In addition, the exhaust gas in the furnace chamber is discharged from the combustion layer at the lower part of the furnace chamber to ensure that the exhaust gas is fully burned, and the exhaust gas passes through the upper part of the furnace chamber. The cooling cavity of the furnace body is discharged after pre-cooling, which is convenient for the subsequent tail gas treatment steps.

In this embodiment, in the proposed garbage incineration furnace with high combustion efficiency, domestic garbage is filled into the furnace cavity of the combustion furnace from the top, and air is sent into the furnace cavity from the bottom, so that the garbage is burned from the bottom upwards, and the waste slag produced by combustion is discharged from the The slag discharge outlet at the bottom is discharged, and the final tail gas of garbage combustion is discharged from the lower part of the furnace chamber after being fully burned, so that the temperature in the furnace chamber gradually decreases from bottom to top. Through the waste combustion equipment with high-efficiency gas circulation in the optimized design above, the annular cooling chamber outside the furnace body can effectively cool down the lower furnace body. , to prevent cold air from entering the furnace cavity to affect the temperature in the furnace cavity and affect the combustion efficiency in the furnace cavity. The treatment temperature greatly improves the combustion efficiency in the furnace cavity. On the other hand, the exhaust gas is discharged after being cooled in the cooling chamber, which is convenient for subsequent exhaust gas treatment.

In a specific embodiment, by optimizing the design of the air intake pipe of the air intake device, the air is evenly distributed from the bottom of the furnace cavity to the combustion layer, and the garbage is burned more evenly and fully in the combustion layer; in addition, the branch of the air duct The air-guiding section is vertically arranged in the furnace cavity, so that when the air flows from the air preheating pipe to the air distribution pipe, the secondary preheating is carried out in the furnace cavity to ensure a higher heat utilization rate and more complete combustion in the furnace cavity. , the branch gas-guiding section is vertically placed in the garbage heap, which can prevent the garbage from piling up during the combustion process, and further improve the efficiency of garbage combustion.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any person familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention Any equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concepts thereof shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of refuse burner of high combustion efficiency, its internal furnace chamber having for incineration firing, the furnace chamber top are provided with Garbage inlet and bottom export provided with deslagging, it is characterised in that including：Upper furnace body（1）, lower volume（2）, air inlet dress Put, exhaust gas processing device（4）；

Upper furnace body（1）Furnace wall periphery is provided with peripheral wall, peripheral wall and upper furnace body（1）It is empty that the first cooling is formed between furnace wall Chamber, the first cooling cavity are provided with the first air inlet, the first gas outlet, exhaust gas processing device（4）Pass through pipeline and described first The first gas outlet connection of cavity is cooled down, cooling pipe is provided with the first cooling cavity（5）, cooling pipe（5）Interior filling There is cooling medium；

Lower volume（2）Outer wall includes first time coaming plate（21）With second time coaming plate（22）, second time coaming plate（22）It is set in Coaming plate once（21）Outside, first time coaming plate（21）With second time coaming plate（22）Between formed second cooling cavity, described second Cooling medium, lower volume are filled with cooling cavity（2）It is interior to be provided with ring baffle（6）, the ring baffle（6）With under first Coaming plate（21）Between form exhaust gas channel, the exhaust gas channel is provided with the 4th air inlet and the 4th gas outlet, the 4th air inlet Connected with the furnace chamber bottom, the 4th gas outlet connects with the first air inlet；

Air inlet device includes economizer bank（31）, air airway tube（32）, air gas distribution pipe（33）, air blower（34）, Economizer bank（31）It is coiled in the first cooling cavity periphery, economizer bank（31）Import and air blower（34）Connection, it is empty Gas gas distribution pipe（33）Positioned at furnace cavity bottom, air gas distribution pipe（33）It is provided with multiple stomatas, air airway tube（32）Positioned at furnace chamber It is interior, air airway tube（32）Both ends respectively with economizer bank（31）Outlet and air gas distribution pipe（33）Inlet communication；

Air gas distribution pipe（33）Positioned at ring baffle（6）Lower section；Ring baffle（6）Top and upper furnace body（1）Furnace wall connects.

2. the refuse burner of high combustion efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the furnace cavity bottom sets more Individual air gas distribution pipe（33）, air airway tube（32）Including main air-guide section and multiple air-guide sections, import and the sky of main air-guide section Gas economizer bank（31）Outlet, multiple air-guide sections are distributed along main air-guide section bearing of trend and connected with main air-guide section, often The outlet of individual branch air-guide section and an air gas distribution pipe（33）Inlet communication.

3. the refuse burner of high combustion efficiency according to claim 2, it is characterised in that multiple air gas distribution pipes（33） It is located in the same horizontal plane and be arranged in parallel at equal intervals.

4. the refuse burner of high combustion efficiency according to claim 2, it is characterised in that multiple air-guide sections are in furnace chamber Inside it is vertically arranged and two air airway tubes of arbitrary neighborhood（32）Between distance it is equal.

5. the refuse burner of high combustion efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that economizer bank（31）Under Portion's body of heater（2）Furnace wall external helicoid coils to form peripheral wall.