CN105666038B - A kind of preparation method of TiAl-base alloy honeycomb - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of TiAl-base alloy honeycomb Download PDFInfo
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 229910010038 TiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101100008046 Caenorhabditis elegans cut-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种TiAl基合金蜂窝结构的制备方法，涉及一种金属蜂窝结构的制备方法。本发明是为了解决目前制备的蜂窝结构存在大量的缩松等缺陷、工序长、能耗高，成本高，且蜂窝壁存在大量焊缝，工艺稳定性差，而且目前TiAl基合金高温变形抗力大，薄板制备技术难以突破的技术问题。本发明：一、锻造；二、挤压；三、水切割；四、拉制；五、钎焊。在本发明的方法降低了成本，蜂窝单元通过高温拉伸获得，避免了精铸法的大量铸造缺陷和弯折/焊接工艺的大量焊缝，提高了其力学性能和结构稳定性；此外，本发明的蜂窝芯为整体成形，提高了结构的平整性。本发明应用于制备TiAl基合金蜂窝结构。
A method for preparing a TiAl-based alloy honeycomb structure relates to a method for preparing a metal honeycomb structure. The purpose of the present invention is to solve defects such as a large number of shrinkage and porosity in the currently prepared honeycomb structure, long process, high energy consumption, high cost, and a large number of welds in the honeycomb wall, poor process stability, and the high temperature deformation resistance of the current TiAl-based alloy. Technical problems that are difficult to break through in thin plate preparation technology. The present invention: 1. forging; 2. extrusion; 3. water cutting; 4. drawing; 5. brazing. The method of the present invention reduces the cost, and the honeycomb unit is obtained by high-temperature stretching, which avoids a large number of casting defects in the precision casting method and a large number of welds in the bending/welding process, and improves its mechanical properties and structural stability; in addition, the present invention The invented honeycomb core is integrally formed, which improves the flatness of the structure. The invention is applied to prepare TiAl-based alloy honeycomb structure.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种金属蜂窝结构的制备方法。The invention relates to a method for preparing a metal honeycomb structure.
背景技术Background technique
TiAl基合金具有密度小、高温比强度高等优点，作为一种新型轻质高强材料在航空航天领域具有巨大应用潜力。蜂窝结构具有强度高、密度小、隔音隔热等优点，在航空航天领域获得广泛应用。TiAl基合金蜂窝结构对提高飞行器的推重比具有重大意义。现有制备蜂窝结构的工艺主要包括精铸法和芯板弯折/焊接组合工艺。精铸法制备TiAl基合金蜂窝结构存在大量的缩松等缺陷，大大降低了其使用性能；芯板弯折/焊接组合工艺多需要薄板的制备、弯折、焊接等复合工艺，工序长、能耗高，大大提高了其成本，且蜂窝壁存在大量焊缝，工艺稳定性差。目前由于TiAl基合金高温变形抗力大，薄板制备技术难以突破，利用传统的制备工艺难以制备出合格的TiAl基合金蜂窝结构。因此开发一种兼顾高性能、低成本的TiAl基蜂窝结构制备工艺，推动TiAl基合金在飞行器上的应用，是目前的研究重点。TiAl-based alloy has the advantages of low density and high specific strength at high temperature. As a new type of lightweight and high-strength material, it has great application potential in the aerospace field. The honeycomb structure has the advantages of high strength, low density, sound insulation and heat insulation, etc., and has been widely used in the aerospace field. The TiAl-based alloy honeycomb structure is of great significance to improve the thrust-to-weight ratio of the aircraft. Existing processes for preparing honeycomb structures mainly include precision casting and core plate bending/welding combined processes. The TiAl-based alloy honeycomb structure prepared by precision casting has a large number of defects such as shrinkage and porosity, which greatly reduces its performance; the core plate bending/welding combination process often requires composite processes such as thin plate preparation, bending, and welding, and the process is long and energy-efficient. The high consumption greatly increases its cost, and there are a large number of welds in the honeycomb wall, and the process stability is poor. At present, due to the high-temperature deformation resistance of TiAl-based alloys, it is difficult to break through the thin plate preparation technology, and it is difficult to prepare qualified TiAl-based alloy honeycomb structures by using traditional preparation processes. Therefore, it is the current research focus to develop a high-performance and low-cost TiAl-based honeycomb structure preparation process to promote the application of TiAl-based alloys in aircraft.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明是为了解决目前制备的蜂窝结构存在大量的缩松等缺陷、工序长、能耗高，成本高，且蜂窝壁存在大量焊缝，工艺稳定性差，而且目前TiAl基合金高温变形抗力大，薄板制备技术难以突破的技术问题，而提供一种TiAl基合金蜂窝结构的制备方法。The purpose of the present invention is to solve defects such as a large number of shrinkage and porosity in the currently prepared honeycomb structure, long process, high energy consumption, high cost, and a large number of welds in the honeycomb wall, poor process stability, and the high temperature deformation resistance of the current TiAl-based alloy. The technical problem that is difficult to break through in thin plate preparation technology provides a method for preparing a TiAl-based alloy honeycomb structure.
本发明的一种TiAl基合金蜂窝结构的制备方法是按以下步骤进行：The preparation method of a kind of TiAl base alloy honeycomb structure of the present invention is to carry out according to the following steps:
一、锻造：将TiAl基合金坯料电火花切割成圆柱体棒材，放置在真空多功能热压炉中，在真空度为10-3Pa和升温速度为5℃/min～15℃/min的条件下从室温升温至1150℃～1300℃，在真空度为10-3Pa和温度为1150℃～1300℃的条件下保温10min～60min，然后在真空度为10-3Pa、温度为1150℃～1300℃和应变速率为10-1s-1～10-4s-1的条件下进行开坯锻造至总变形量为30％～80％，然后在真空度为10-3Pa的条件下随炉冷却至950℃～1100℃，在真空度为10-3Pa和温度为950℃～1100℃的条件下保温2h～6h，在真空度为10-3Pa的条件下随炉冷却至室温，得到锻造完的TiAl基合金；所述的圆柱体棒材的高和直径比为1:(0.67～1)；1. Forging: Cut the TiAl-based alloy billet into a cylindrical bar by EDM, and place it in a vacuum multifunctional hot-pressing furnace. Raise the temperature from room temperature to 1150°C to 1300°C under the same conditions, keep it warm for 10min to 60min under the conditions of vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa and temperature of 1150°C to 1300°C, and then in vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa and temperature of 1150°C Under the condition of ～1300℃ and strain rate of 10 -1 s -1 ～10 -4 s -1 , carry out blank forging until the total deformation is 30%～80%, and then under the condition of vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa Cool with the furnace to 950°C~1100°C, keep warm for 2h~6h under the condition of vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa and temperature of 950°C~1100°C, and cool down to room temperature with furnace under the condition of vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa , to obtain the forged TiAl-based alloy; the height and diameter ratio of the cylindrical rod is 1: (0.67～1);
二、挤压：将步骤一得到的锻造完的TiAl基合金电火花切割成块体，放置在真空多功能热压炉中，在真空度为10-3Pa和升温速度为10℃/min～15℃/min的条件下从室温升温至1200℃～1350℃，在真空度为10-3Pa和温度为1200℃～1350℃的条件下保温10min～60min，然后在挤压温度为1200℃～1350℃、挤压速率为5mm/min～10mm/min、挤压比为(2～8):1和挤压道次为1～4的条件下进行挤压，挤压完成后在真空度为10-3Pa的条件下随炉冷却至900℃～1150℃，在真空度为10-3Pa和温度为900℃～1150℃的条件下退火2h～6h，在真空度为10-3Pa的条件下随炉冷却至室温，精密抛光得到厚度为5mm～20mm的TiAl基合金板材；2. Extrusion: EDM cut the forged TiAl-based alloy obtained in step 1 into blocks, and place them in a vacuum multifunctional hot-pressing furnace at a vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa and a heating rate of 10°C/min～ Under the condition of 15°C/min, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 1200°C~1350°C, kept at a vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa and a temperature of 1200°C~1350°C for 10min~60min, and then extruded at a temperature of 1200°C~ Extrusion is carried out at 1350°C, the extrusion rate is 5mm/min~10mm/min, the extrusion ratio is (2~8):1, and the extrusion passes are 1~4. After the extrusion is completed, the vacuum degree is Under the condition of 10 -3 Pa, cool with the furnace to 900℃～1150℃, anneal for 2h～6h under the condition of vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa and temperature of 900℃～1150℃, and in the condition of vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa Cool down to room temperature with the furnace under the conditions, and precision polish to obtain a TiAl-based alloy plate with a thickness of 5mm to 20mm;
三、水切割：将步骤二得到的厚度为5mm～20mm的TiAl基合金板材进行水切割，水切割缝宽度为1mm～2mm，切缝长度为5mm～15mm，切缝两端为180°且半径为0.5mm的圆角，然后进行清洗，将清洗完的TiAl基合金板材放在真空烘箱中，在真空度为1Pa～10Pa和温度为60℃的条件下烘干10h，得到水切割完后的TiAl基合金板材；3. Water cutting: Water cutting the TiAl-based alloy plate with a thickness of 5mm to 20mm obtained in step 2. The width of the water cutting slit is 1mm to 2mm, the length of the slit is 5mm to 15mm, and the two ends of the slit are 180° and the radius 0.5mm fillet, and then cleaned, the cleaned TiAl-based alloy plate was placed in a vacuum oven, and dried for 10 hours at a vacuum degree of 1Pa to 10Pa and a temperature of 60°C to obtain the water-cut TiAl-based alloy sheet;
四、拉制：将步骤三得到的水切割完后的TiAl基合金板材放入真空高温多功能热压炉中，在真空度为10-3Pa、拉制温度为950℃～1200℃和拉制速度为0.1mm/min～10mm/min的条件下拉制至总变形量为100％～1000％，得到TiAl基合金蜂窝芯，拉制完成后在真空度为10-3Pa和退火温度为1000℃～1300℃的条件下退火2h～4h，然后在真空度为10-3Pa的条件下随炉冷却至室温，得到TiAl基合金蜂窝芯；4. Drawing: Put the water-cut TiAl-based alloy sheet obtained in step 3 into a vacuum high-temperature multi-functional hot-pressing furnace. Under the condition of the drawing speed of 0.1mm /min～10mm/min, draw until the total deformation is 100%～1000%, and obtain the TiAl-based alloy honeycomb core. Annealing for 2h-4h under the condition of ℃～1300℃, and then cooling down to room temperature with the furnace under the condition of vacuum degree of 10-3 Pa to obtain the TiAl-based alloy honeycomb core;
五、钎焊：将步骤二精密抛光得到厚度为5mm～20mm的TiAl基合金板材电火花切割出2块厚度为1mm～4mm的TiAl基合金板材，然后精密抛光，将抛光后的2块TiAl基合金板材和步骤四得到的TiAl基合金蜂窝芯进行钎焊，得到两侧为TiAl基合金板材、中间为TiAl基合金蜂窝芯的三明治结构；所述的钎焊工艺为：采用TiCuNi系钎料、钎焊温度为900℃～1100℃、钎焊压力为1MPa～5MPa、钎焊保温时间为20min～60min，最后随炉冷却至室温。5. Brazing: Precisely polish the TiAl-based alloy sheet with a thickness of 5mm to 20mm in step 2, and cut two TiAl-based alloy sheets with a thickness of 1mm to 4mm by EDM, and then precisely polish the two TiAl-based alloy sheets after polishing. The alloy plate and the TiAl-based alloy honeycomb core obtained in step 4 are brazed to obtain a sandwich structure with TiAl-based alloy plates on both sides and a TiAl-based alloy honeycomb core in the middle; the brazing process is: using TiCuNi-based solder, The brazing temperature is 900°C-1100°C, the brazing pressure is 1MPa-5MPa, the brazing holding time is 20min-60min, and finally cooled to room temperature with the furnace.
本发明选用TiAl基合金为原料，经过高温锻造退火后，线切割成一定尺寸的TiAl基合金块体，在真空多功能热压炉中进行高温挤压，制得一定尺寸的TiAl基合金厚板，高温退火及机加工后进行水切割制备出TiAl基蜂窝拉伸坯料，在真空多功能热压炉中进行高温拉制成型，退火后制得TiAl基蜂窝芯，在挤压厚板上通过线切割切下TiAl基箔材机加工后与TiAl基蜂窝芯进行高温钎焊连接制得TiAl基合金蜂窝结构。The present invention selects TiAl-based alloys as raw materials, and after high-temperature forging and annealing, wire-cuts them into TiAl-based alloy blocks of a certain size, and performs high-temperature extrusion in a vacuum multifunctional hot-pressing furnace to obtain a TiAl-based alloy thick plate of a certain size. , after high-temperature annealing and machining, the TiAl-based honeycomb stretched billet was prepared by water cutting, which was drawn and formed at a high temperature in a vacuum multifunctional hot-press furnace. After annealing, the TiAl-based honeycomb core was obtained, and passed through The TiAl-based alloy honeycomb structure is obtained by cutting the TiAl-based foil by wire-cutting and machining it with the TiAl-based honeycomb core for high-temperature brazing.
本发明的制备方法解决了现有方法在TiAl基蜂窝结构制备过程中需要薄板制备困难的难题，解决了现有方法蜂窝壁存在大量焊缝导致其力学性能差的难题，且本发明的制备方法具有生产工艺简单、生产效率高、成本低、无需大规模使用TiAl基薄板的优点，制备得到的TiAl基蜂窝结构稳定，缺陷少，可广泛应用于金属材料蜂窝结构的制备。The preparation method of the present invention solves the difficult problem of thin plate preparation in the preparation process of the TiAl-based honeycomb structure in the existing method, and solves the problem of poor mechanical properties caused by the existence of a large number of welds in the honeycomb wall of the existing method, and the preparation method of the present invention The method has the advantages of simple production process, high production efficiency, low cost, and no need for large-scale use of TiAl-based thin plates. The prepared TiAl-based honeycomb structure is stable and has few defects, and can be widely used in the preparation of metal material honeycomb structures.
本发明的有益效果：在本发明的方法中TiAl基合金经过高温锻造和高温挤压后性能得到大幅度提高，通过水切割TiAl基合金厚板，避免了TiAl基合金薄板的轧制，大大降低了成本，蜂窝单元通过高温拉伸获得，避免了精铸法的大量铸造缺陷和弯折/焊接工艺的大量焊缝，本发明的方法大大提高了其力学性能和结构稳定性；此外，本发明的方法制备的蜂窝芯为整体成形，提高了结构的平整性。Beneficial effects of the present invention: In the method of the present invention, the performance of the TiAl-based alloy is greatly improved after high-temperature forging and high-temperature extrusion, and the rolling of the TiAl-based alloy thin plate is avoided by water-cutting the TiAl-based alloy thin plate, which greatly reduces the The cost is reduced, and the honeycomb unit is obtained by high-temperature stretching, avoiding a large number of casting defects in the precision casting method and a large number of welds in the bending/welding process, and the method of the present invention greatly improves its mechanical properties and structural stability; in addition, the present invention The honeycomb core prepared by the method is integrally formed, which improves the flatness of the structure.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明步骤三中水切割完后的TiAl基合金板材的切缝分布示意图；Fig. 1 is the kerf distribution schematic diagram of the TiAl-based alloy plate after water cutting in step 3 of the present invention;
图2为本发明步骤四中TiAl基合金蜂窝芯拉制过程示意图；Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of drawing process of TiAl-based alloy honeycomb core in step 4 of the present invention;
图3为本发明步骤四中制备的TiAl基合金蜂窝芯的示意图；Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the TiAl-based alloy honeycomb core prepared in step 4 of the present invention;
图4为本发明步骤五中钎焊示意图，1为TiAl基合金板材，2为TiAl基合金蜂窝芯。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of brazing in Step 5 of the present invention, 1 is a TiAl-based alloy plate, and 2 is a TiAl-based alloy honeycomb core.
具体实施方式detailed description
具体实施方式一：本实施方式为一种TiAl基合金蜂窝结构的制备方法，具体是按以下步骤进行：Embodiment 1: This embodiment is a method for preparing a TiAl-based alloy honeycomb structure, specifically as follows:
一、锻造：将TiAl基合金坯料电火花切割成圆柱体棒材，放置在真空多功能热压炉中，在真空度为10-3Pa和升温速度为5℃/min～15℃/min的条件下从室温升温至1150℃～1300℃，在真空度为10-3Pa和温度为1150℃～1300℃的条件下保温10min～60min，然后在真空度为10-3Pa、温度为1150℃～1300℃和应变速率为10-1s-1～10-4s-1的条件下进行开坯锻造至总变形量为30％～80％，然后在真空度为10-3Pa的条件下随炉冷却至950℃～1100℃，在真空度为10-3Pa和温度为950℃～1100℃的条件下保温2h～6h，在真空度为10-3Pa的条件下随炉冷却至室温，得到锻造完的TiAl基合金；所述的圆柱体棒材的高和直径比为1:(0.67～1)；1. Forging: Cut the TiAl-based alloy billet into a cylindrical bar by EDM, and place it in a vacuum multifunctional hot-pressing furnace. Raise the temperature from room temperature to 1150°C to 1300°C under the same conditions, keep it warm for 10min to 60min under the conditions of vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa and temperature of 1150°C to 1300°C, and then in vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa and temperature of 1150°C Under the condition of ～1300℃ and strain rate of 10 -1 s -1 ～10 -4 s -1 , carry out blank forging until the total deformation is 30%～80%, and then under the condition of vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa Cool with the furnace to 950°C~1100°C, keep warm for 2h~6h under the condition of vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa and temperature of 950°C~1100°C, and cool down to room temperature with furnace under the condition of vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa , to obtain the forged TiAl-based alloy; the height and diameter ratio of the cylindrical rod is 1: (0.67～1);
二、挤压：将步骤一得到的锻造完的TiAl基合金电火花切割成块体，放置在真空多功能热压炉中，在真空度为10-3Pa和升温速度为10℃/min～15℃/min的条件下从室温升温至1200℃～1350℃，在真空度为10-3Pa和温度为1200℃～1350℃的条件下保温10min～60min，然后在挤压温度为1200℃～1350℃、挤压速率为5mm/min～10mm/min、挤压比为(2～8):1和挤压道次为1～4的条件下进行挤压，挤压完成后在真空度为10-3Pa的条件下随炉冷却至900℃～1150℃，在真空度为10-3Pa和温度为900℃～1150℃的条件下退火2h～6h，在真空度为10-3Pa的条件下随炉冷却至室温，精密抛光得到厚度为5mm～20mm的TiAl基合金板材；2. Extrusion: EDM cut the forged TiAl-based alloy obtained in step 1 into blocks, and place them in a vacuum multifunctional hot-pressing furnace at a vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa and a heating rate of 10°C/min～ Under the condition of 15°C/min, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 1200°C~1350°C, kept at a vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa and a temperature of 1200°C~1350°C for 10min~60min, and then extruded at a temperature of 1200°C~ Extrusion is carried out at 1350°C, the extrusion rate is 5mm/min~10mm/min, the extrusion ratio is (2~8):1, and the extrusion passes are 1~4. After the extrusion is completed, the vacuum degree is Under the condition of 10 -3 Pa, cool with the furnace to 900℃～1150℃, anneal for 2h～6h under the condition of vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa and temperature of 900℃～1150℃, and in the condition of vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa Cool down to room temperature with the furnace under the conditions, and precision polish to obtain a TiAl-based alloy plate with a thickness of 5mm to 20mm;
三、水切割：将步骤二得到的厚度为5mm～20mm的TiAl基合金板材进行水切割， 水切割缝宽度为1mm～2mm，切缝长度为5mm～15mm，切缝两端为180°且半径为0.5mm的圆角，然后进行清洗，将清洗完的TiAl基合金板材放在真空烘箱中，在真空度为1Pa～10Pa和温度为60℃的条件下烘干10h，得到水切割完后的TiAl基合金板材；3. Water cutting: Water cutting the TiAl-based alloy plate with a thickness of 5 mm to 20 mm obtained in step 2. The width of the water cutting slit is 1 mm to 2 mm, the length of the slit is 5 mm to 15 mm, and the two ends of the slit are 180° and the radius 0.5mm fillet, and then cleaned, the cleaned TiAl-based alloy plate was placed in a vacuum oven, and dried for 10 hours at a vacuum degree of 1Pa to 10Pa and a temperature of 60°C to obtain the water-cut TiAl-based alloy sheet;
四、拉制：将步骤三得到的水切割完后的TiAl基合金板材放入真空高温多功能热压炉中，在真空度为10-3Pa、拉制温度为950℃～1200℃和拉制速度为0.1mm/min～10mm/min的条件下拉制至总变形量为100％～1000％，得到TiAl基合金蜂窝芯，拉制完成后在真空度为10-3Pa和退火温度为1000℃～1300℃的条件下退火2h～4h，然后在真空度为10-3Pa的条件下随炉冷却至室温，得到TiAl基合金蜂窝芯；4. Drawing: Put the water-cut TiAl-based alloy sheet obtained in step 3 into a vacuum high-temperature multi-functional hot-pressing furnace. Under the condition of the drawing speed of 0.1mm /min～10mm/min, draw until the total deformation is 100%～1000%, and obtain the TiAl-based alloy honeycomb core. Annealing for 2h-4h under the condition of ℃～1300℃, and then cooling down to room temperature with the furnace under the condition of vacuum degree of 10-3 Pa to obtain the TiAl-based alloy honeycomb core;
五、钎焊：将步骤二精密抛光得到厚度为5mm～20mm的TiAl基合金板材电火花切割出2块厚度为1mm～4mm的TiAl基合金板材，然后精密抛光，将抛光后的2块TiAl基合金板材和步骤四得到的TiAl基合金蜂窝芯进行钎焊，得到两侧为TiAl基合金板材、中间为TiAl基合金蜂窝芯的三明治结构；所述的钎焊工艺为：采用TiCuNi系钎料、钎焊温度为900℃～1100℃、钎焊压力为1MPa～5MPa、钎焊保温时间为20min～60min，最后随炉冷却至室温。5. Brazing: Precisely polish the TiAl-based alloy sheet with a thickness of 5mm to 20mm in step 2, and cut two TiAl-based alloy sheets with a thickness of 1mm to 4mm by EDM, and then precisely polish the two TiAl-based alloy sheets after polishing. The alloy plate and the TiAl-based alloy honeycomb core obtained in step 4 are brazed to obtain a sandwich structure with TiAl-based alloy plates on both sides and a TiAl-based alloy honeycomb core in the middle; the brazing process is: using TiCuNi-based solder, The brazing temperature is 900°C-1100°C, the brazing pressure is 1MPa-5MPa, the brazing holding time is 20min-60min, and finally cooled to room temperature with the furnace.
具体实施方式二：本实施方式与具体实施方式一的不同点是：步骤一所述的圆柱体棒材的高和直径比为1:0.67。其他与具体实施方式一相同。Specific embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment 1 is that the ratio of height to diameter of the cylindrical rod described in step 1 is 1:0.67. Others are the same as the first embodiment.
具体实施方式三：本实施方式与具体实施方式一的不同点是：步骤二所述的挤压比为2:1。其他与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 3: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the extrusion ratio in step 2 is 2:1. Others are the same as the first embodiment.
具体实施方式四：本实施方式与具体实施方式一或二的不同点是：步骤二所述的挤压道次为2。其他与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 4: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 or 2 is that the number of extrusion passes in Step 2 is 2. Others are the same as the first embodiment.
具体实施方式五：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至三的不同点是：步骤五所述的TiCuNi系钎料为钎料Ti15Cu15Ni。其他与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 5: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiments 1 to 3 is that the TiCuNi-based solder described in Step 5 is the solder Ti15Cu15Ni. Others are the same as the first embodiment.
通过以下试验验证本发明的有益效果：Prove the beneficial effect of the present invention by following test:
试验一：本试验为一种TiAl基合金蜂窝结构的制备方法是按以下步骤进行：Test 1: This test is a method for preparing a TiAl-based alloy honeycomb structure according to the following steps:
一、锻造：将TiAl基合金坯料电火花切割成圆柱体棒材，放置在真空多功能热压炉中，在真空度为10-3Pa和升温速度为10℃/min的条件下从室温升温至1250℃，在真空度为10-3Pa和温度为1250℃的条件下保温30min，然后在真空度为10-3Pa、温度为1250℃和应变速率为10-3s-1的条件下进行开坯锻造至总变形量为70％，然后在真空度为10-3Pa的条件下随炉冷却至1100℃，在真空度为10-3Pa和温度为1100℃的条件下保温2h，在真空度为10-3Pa的条件下随炉冷却至室温，得到锻造完的TiAl基合金；所述的圆柱体棒材 的高和直径比为1:0.67；1. Forging: Cut the TiAl-based alloy billet into a cylindrical bar by EDM, place it in a vacuum multifunctional hot-press furnace, and raise the temperature from room temperature under the conditions of a vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa and a heating rate of 10°C/min to 1250°C, hold for 30min under the conditions of vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa and temperature of 1250°C, and then under the conditions of vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa, temperature of 1250°C and strain rate of 10 -3 s -1 Carry out blank forging until the total deformation is 70%, then cool down to 1100°C with the furnace under the condition of vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa, and keep it for 2 hours under the condition of vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa and temperature of 1100°C, Cooling with the furnace to room temperature under the condition of a vacuum of 10 -3 Pa to obtain a forged TiAl-based alloy; the height to diameter ratio of the cylindrical rod is 1:0.67;
二、挤压：将步骤一得到的锻造完的TiAl基合金电火花切割成150mm×40mm×80mm的块体，放置在真空多功能热压炉中，在真空度为10-3Pa和升温速度为10℃/min的条件下从室温升温至1300℃，在真空度为10-3Pa和温度为1300℃的条件下保温60min，然后在挤压温度为1300℃、挤压速率为5mm/min～10mm/min、挤压比为2:1和挤压道次为2的条件下进行挤压，挤压完成后在真空度为10-3Pa的条件下随炉冷却至1000℃，在真空度为10-3Pa和温度为1000℃的条件下退火4h，在真空度为10-3Pa的条件下随炉冷却至室温，精密抛光得到厚度为10mm的TiAl基合金板材；2. Extrusion: EDM cut the forged TiAl-based alloy obtained in step 1 into a block of 150mm×40mm× 80mm , and place it in a vacuum multi-functional hot-press furnace. The temperature is raised from room temperature to 1300°C under the condition of 10°C/min, and the temperature is kept at 10 -3 Pa and 1300°C for 60 minutes, and then the extrusion temperature is 1300°C, and the extrusion speed is 5mm/min ～10mm/min, extrusion ratio 2:1 and extrusion pass 2. After extrusion, it is cooled to 1000℃ with the furnace under the condition of vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa. 10 -3 Pa and 1000°C for 4 hours, cooled to room temperature with the furnace under a vacuum of 10 -3 Pa, and precision polished to obtain a TiAl-based alloy plate with a thickness of 10 mm;
三、水切割：将步骤二得到的厚度为10mm的TiAl基合金板材进行水切割，水切割缝宽度为1mm，切缝长度为6mm，切缝两端为180°且半径为0.5mm的圆角，然后进行清洗，将清洗完的TiAl基合金板材放在真空烘箱中，在真空度为10Pa和温度为60℃的条件下烘干10h，得到水切割完后的TiAl基合金板材；3. Water cutting: Water cutting the TiAl-based alloy plate with a thickness of 10mm obtained in step 2. The width of the water cutting seam is 1mm, the length of the seam is 6mm, and the two ends of the seam are 180° and the radius is 0.5mm. , and then cleaning, placing the cleaned TiAl-based alloy sheet in a vacuum oven, drying for 10 hours at a vacuum degree of 10 Pa and a temperature of 60° C., to obtain a TiAl-based alloy sheet after water cutting;
四、拉制：将步骤三得到的水切割完后的TiAl基合金板材放入真空高温多功能热压炉中，在真空度为10-3Pa、拉制温度为1000℃和拉制速度为2mm/min的条件下拉制至总变形量为300％，得到TiAl基合金蜂窝芯，拉制完成后在真空度为10-3Pa和退火温度为1000℃的条件下退火4h，然后在真空度为10-3Pa的条件下随炉冷却至室温，得到TiAl基合金蜂窝芯；4. Drawing: Put the TiAl-based alloy plate obtained in step 3 into a vacuum high-temperature multi-functional hot-pressing furnace under a vacuum degree of 10 −3 Pa, a drawing temperature of 1000° C. and a drawing speed of Drawn under the condition of 2mm/min to a total deformation of 300%, to obtain a TiAl-based alloy honeycomb core, after drawing, anneal for 4h under the condition of vacuum degree of 10 -3 Pa and annealing temperature of 1000℃, and then in vacuum degree Cool to room temperature with the furnace under the condition of 10 -3 Pa to obtain a TiAl-based alloy honeycomb core;
五、钎焊：将步骤二精密抛光得到厚度为10mm的TiAl基合金板材电火花切割出2块厚度为2mm的TiAl基合金板材，然后精密抛光，将抛光后的2块TiAl基合金板材和步骤四得到的TiAl基合金蜂窝芯进行钎焊，得到两侧为TiAl基合金板材、中间为TiAl基合金蜂窝芯的三明治结构；所述的钎焊工艺为：采用TiCuNi系钎料、钎焊温度为1000℃、钎焊压力为3MPa、钎焊保温时间为30min，最后随炉冷却至室温；所述的TiCuNi系钎料为钎料Ti15Cu15Ni。5. Brazing: Precisely polish the TiAl-based alloy sheet with a thickness of 10mm in step 2. EDM cut 2 TiAl-based alloy sheets with a thickness of 2mm, and then precisely polish them. The polished 2 TiAl-based alloy sheets and the step 4. The obtained TiAl-based alloy honeycomb core is brazed to obtain a sandwich structure in which both sides are TiAl-based alloy plates and the middle is a TiAl-based alloy honeycomb core; the brazing process is: adopt TiCuNi series solder, and the brazing temperature is 1000°C, brazing pressure 3MPa, brazing holding time 30min, and finally cool down to room temperature with the furnace; the TiCuNi-based brazing filler metal is brazing filler metal Ti15Cu15Ni.
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