CN105645683A - Structural-filler-reinforced rural domestic and catering wastewater treatment plant and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rural life and catering wastewater treatment device and method thereof reinforced by structural fillers. The device includes a degreasing tank, an anaerobic tank, anoxic tank, an aerobic tank, an aerobic reflux tank and a sedimentation tank connected in sequence, the degreasing tank is provided with a water inlet, and a suspended oil-absorbing filler is arranged in the degreasing tank; The above-mentioned anaerobic pool, anoxic pool, and aerobic pool are respectively provided with biological fillers; diversion pipes are arranged between the degreasing pool and the anaerobic pool, and between the anoxic pool and the aerobic pool; wherein the aerobic return pool An aeration head is provided on the aeration branch pipe, and a water raising pipe is arranged above the aeration head, and the side wall of the water raising pipe body is connected with the anoxic tank through a return pipe, and the sewage backflow is realized through the air lift backflow method; the present invention adopts an integrated The advanced treatment process has the advantages of simple construction and low investment, and at the same time has a high treatment capacity, which can achieve more than 75% of total nitrogen, more than 65% of total phosphorus removal and more than 90% of COD degradation, very suitable for rural areas Decentralized treatment of domestic sewage.

Description

Rural life and catering wastewater treatment device and method reinforced by structural packing

technical field

The invention relates to sewage treatment equipment, in particular to a rural life and catering wastewater treatment device and method thereof reinforced by structural fillers.

Background technique

In recent years, with the rapid improvement of the economy and residents' living standards in rural areas of our country, the discharge of rural sewage has continued to increase. Most rural areas are generally far away from urban sewage pipe networks, and the discharged sewage is directly discharged into adjacent water bodies after being treated in septic tanks. The water environment has been polluted, especially nitrogen and phosphorus pollution has seriously caused eutrophication of the water body.

At present, rural domestic sewage treatment technologies include: land treatment system, artificial wetland sewage treatment system, biological contact oxidation tank, ecological pond sewage treatment system, soil infiltration sewage treatment system and other technologies, which have the disadvantages of large area occupation, inconvenient maintenance, and winter Problems such as poor operation effect have seriously affected the effect of rural environmental improvement.

Among the existing rural domestic sewage treatment technologies, the integrated sewage treatment device has the advantages of small footprint, high degree of automation, convenient management, and short construction period, but there are still many problems in this technology at present. The main problem is that the installation of the degreasing tank will affect the subsequent carbon-nitrogen ratio and thus affect the removal effect, so that the integrated device does not have a special degreasing tank for the characteristics of more oil pollution in rural domestic sewage, and the COD removal effect is not ideal; Moreover, the efficiency of biological treatment is low, especially the removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus is very low, and nitrogen and phosphorus pollution is the main cause of water eutrophication.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a structural filler-intensified rural living and catering wastewater treatment device and method thereof in order to solve the above problems. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

A rural life and catering wastewater treatment device reinforced by structural fillers, including a degreasing pond, anaerobic pond, anoxic pond, aerobic pond, aerobic reflux pond and sedimentation pond connected in sequence, and the degreasing pond is provided with an advanced Suspended oil-absorbing fillers are provided in the degreasing pool; biological fillers are respectively provided in the anaerobic pool, anoxic pool, and aerobic pool; There is a diversion pipe, and the aerobic tank and the aerobic return tank are equipped with an aeration main pipe and an aeration branch pipe, wherein the aeration branch pipe in the aerobic return tank is provided with an aeration head, and the aeration head is installed above the aeration head. The side wall of the water pipe and the lifting pipe body is connected to the anoxic tank through the return pipe, and the sewage backflow is realized by air lift and backflow; the top of the aerobic tank and the aerobic return tank is equipped with an air outlet; a water outlet is connected to the upper right of the sedimentation tank.

As a preference, the bottom of the lifting pipe is above the aeration head through the expansion mask; the aerobic reflux tank and the sedimentation tank are fed through the upper part, but the lower part of the partition between the two tanks is suspended so that the bottom of the two is connected, and the sedimentation A sloping plate is set at the bottom of the tank, and the lowest position of the sloping plate is near the suspended part of the lower part of the partition, so that the settled sludge enters the expansion port at the bottom of the lifting pipe through the lower part of the partition, so that part of the sludge can be separated without additional sludge return pipes and sludge In the case of the reflux pump, the method of ventilation and reflux returns to the anoxic tank through the water pipe and the return pipe, which not only avoids the reflux pump and saves energy, but also strengthens the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus removal and increases the sewage treatment efficiency of the device.

As a preference, the biological fillers in the anaerobic tank, anoxic tank and aerobic tank are bamboo fillers, polyurethane fillers and foamed glass respectively. The bamboo filler is in the shape of a bamboo ball, which is easy to form a biofilm, and can better remove organic matter and some nitrogen and phosphorus in the water, and is conducive to the release of phosphorus by phosphorus-accumulating bacteria; the foamed glass has the advantages of large porosity and is not easy to agglomerate, and can better adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus. There is a synergistic effect among the three fillers of bamboo filler, polyurethane filler and foamed glass, which can greatly improve the removal rate of COD and nitrogen and phosphorus.

Preferably, the suspended oil-absorbing filler is a combined filler of foamed glass and composite microbial agent. Suspended oil-absorbing fillers can degrade oily macromolecular organic matter into small molecular organic matter, which does not affect the subsequent carbon-nitrogen ratio and reduces the pollutant load in subsequent links.

Further, the composite microbial agent is composed of 10% to 30% of Pseudomonas cepacia, 10% to 30% of Micrococcus, 10% to 20% of Bacillus licheniformis, 10% to 20% % of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 10% to 20% of Penicillium expanses, and 10% to 20% of Yarrowia lipolytica to form a composite microbial agent, and foam glass is used as a carrier to put the compound microbial agent In the culture solution, the film was hanged, so as to obtain the combined filler. The main problem of the existing rural domestic and catering wastewater is that the installation of the degreasing tank will affect the subsequent carbon-nitrogen ratio and thus affect the removal effect, so that there is no special degreasing in the integrated device for the characteristics of more oil pollution in rural domestic sewage The removal effect of COD is not ideal; and the efficiency of biological treatment is low, especially the removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus is very low, and nitrogen and phosphorus pollution is the main cause of water eutrophication. However, the degreasing pool in the present invention does not directly remove the grease, but uses the synergistic effect of the composite microbial agent attached to the suspended oil-absorbing filler to degrade a large amount of oily organic macromolecules into small molecular organic matter. Therefore, after this treatment, the pollutant load in subsequent links can be reduced without affecting the subsequent carbon-nitrogen ratio, and the degradability can be improved.

Based on the above device, the present invention also discloses a rural life and catering wastewater treatment process using the device, the steps are as follows:

1) Rural domestic sewage enters the integrated device through natural flow. First, it enters the degreasing tank from the upper end through the water inlet. The hydraulic retention time is about 3 to 5 hours. Organic-like macromolecules are degraded into small-molecular organics, reducing the pollutant load in subsequent links without affecting the subsequent carbon-nitrogen ratio;

2) The treated wastewater enters the anaerobic tank through an inclined guide pipe with a slope of about 60 degrees, and the hydraulic retention time is 1 to 3 hours. The organic matter and some nitrogen and phosphorus in the water are conducive to the release of phosphorus by the phosphorus-accumulating bacteria; then the sewage enters the anoxic pool from the lower end of the anaerobic pool, and the hydraulic retention time is about 2 to 5 hours. The organic matter in the sewage is further removed in the anoxic pool. Realize denitrification; the effluent from the anoxic pool flows into the aerobic pool from the lower end, and the hydraulic retention time is about 6-10 hours. The aerobic pool is equipped with foam glass, which can further absorb nitrogen and phosphorus; after that, the sewage enters the aerobic reflux pool for nitrification reaction After the sewage and sludge are aerated, they enter the lifting pipe and the return pipe to return to the anoxic tank for denitrification reaction through the air lift and return method. The aeration rate is 1.2L/min, and the design return ratio is 2.5:1;

3) The final treated sewage enters the sedimentation tank from the upper end, and the hydraulic retention time is about 2 to 5 hours. The settled sludge enters the expansion port at the bottom of the lift pipe through the lower part of the partition, and enters the lift pipe and The return pipe returns to the anoxic tank to realize the return of sludge; the supernatant after precipitation is discharged from the water outlet.

The present invention adopts an integrated treatment process in the overall layout, which has the advantages of simple construction and low investment, and at the same time has a high treatment capacity, which can realize more than 75% of total nitrogen, more than 65% of total phosphorus removal and 90% Above COD degradation. During the treatment process, the system realizes the return of muddy water through air lift and return flow, avoiding the need to set return pipes and return pumps, so that the system only needs to provide micro power, has the advantages of low processing and operation costs, simple and convenient operation, etc., and is very suitable for rural areas Decentralized treatment of domestic sewage.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a rural life and catering wastewater treatment device reinforced by structural packing;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the aeration main pipe and the aeration branch pipe of the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

As shown in Figure 1, a rural life and catering wastewater treatment device strengthened by structural packing includes degreasing pool 3, anaerobic pool 4, anoxic pool 6, aerobic pool 7, aerobic return pool 8 and A sedimentation tank 9, the degreasing tank is provided with a water inlet 1, and the degreasing tank 3 is provided with a suspended oil-absorbing filler 2; the anaerobic tank 4, the anoxic tank 6, and the aerobic tank 7 are respectively provided with biological fillers 5 ; Between the degreasing pool 3 and the anaerobic pool 4 and between the anoxic pool 6 and the aerobic pool 7, a guide tube 17 is provided, and the aerobic pool 7 and the aerobic return pool 8 are all provided with a communication The aeration main pipe 12 and the aeration branch pipe 16, wherein the aeration branch pipe 16 in the aerobic reflux tank 8 is provided with an aeration head 10, and the aeration pipe 11 is arranged above the aeration head 10, and the side wall of the pipe body of the aeration pipe 11 passes through the backflow The pipe 13 is connected with the anoxic tank 6, and the sewage reflux is realized by air lift and reflux; the top of the aerobic tank 7 and the aerobic reflux tank 8 is provided with an air outlet 18;

The bottom of the water raising pipe 11 is above the aeration head 10 through the expansion mask; the water enters between the aerobic reflux tank 8 and the sedimentation tank 9 through the upper part, but the lower part of the partition plate 15 between the two tanks is suspended to make the bottom of the two connected, and the sedimentation A sloping plate is arranged at the bottom of the pool 9, and the lowest position of the sloping plate is near the suspended part of the lower part of the dividing plate 15, so that the settled sludge enters the expansion port at the bottom of the lifting pipe 11 through the lower part of the dividing plate 15.

The biological fillers 5 in the anaerobic tank 4, the anoxic tank 6 and the aerobic tank 7 are bamboo fillers, polyurethane fillers and foamed glass respectively. The preparation method of the foamed glass is as follows: uniformly mix the raw materials of the powder batch to obtain the powder batch; put the batch into the mold, and fire according to the following firing temperature: at 10-15°C/min The heating rate is raised to 400-500°C, and the temperature is kept for 20-30min; then the temperature is raised to 1000-1100°C at a heating rate of 10-15°C/min, and the temperature is kept for 10-20min; then the temperature is lowered to 20-25°C/min 850-900°C, and finally cooled naturally to normal temperature to obtain the water-treated suspended filler, that is, foamed glass.

Among them, the raw material components and mass parts of powder batch materials are divided into two schemes:

Option One:

Glass powder: 16-20 parts;

Marble powder: 1-3 parts;

Option II:

Glass powder: 16-20 parts;

Marble powder: 1-3 parts;

Zeolite powder: 2-4 parts;

Among them, glass powder, marble powder and zeolite powder are all powders with a mesh size of 200 or more.

Suspended oil-absorbing filler 2 is a combined filler of the above-mentioned foamed glass and composite microbial agent. The composite microbial bacterial agent is composed of 10% to 30% of Pseudomonas cepacia, 10% to 30% of Micrococcus, 10% to 20% of Bacillus licheniformis, 10% to 20% of Amylobacter bacillus, 10% to 20% of Penicillium expansica, and 10% to 20% of Yarrowia lipolytica are compounded to form a compound microbial bacterial agent. The preparation method of the composite filler is as follows: the foamed glass is used as a carrier, and put into the culture solution containing the composite microbial bacterial agent to form a film, so as to obtain the composite filler.

A process for treating rural life and catering wastewater using the device, the steps are as follows:

1) Rural domestic sewage enters the integrated device through natural flow, and first enters the degreasing pool 3 from the upper end through the water inlet 1, and the hydraulic retention time is about 3 to 5 hours. Degrade a large amount of oily organic macromolecules into small molecular organics, and reduce the pollutant load in subsequent links without affecting the subsequent carbon-to-nitrogen ratio;

2) The treated wastewater enters the anaerobic pool 4 through the inclined guide pipe 17 with a slope of about 60 degrees, and the hydraulic retention time is 1 to 3 hours. Filler, removes organic matter and part of nitrogen and phosphorus in water and is conducive to the release of phosphorus by phosphorus-accumulating bacteria; then the sewage enters the anoxic pool 6 from the lower end of the anaerobic pool 4, and the hydraulic retention time is about 2 to 5 hours. The organic matter is further removed while denitrification is realized; the effluent from the anoxic pool 6 flows into the aerobic pool 7 from the lower end, and the hydraulic retention time is about 6-10 hours. The aerobic pool 7 is equipped with foam glass, which can further absorb nitrogen and phosphorus; The sewage enters the aerobic reflux tank 8, and the sewage and sludge after the nitrification reaction enter the water lift pipe 11 and the reflux pipe 13 under aeration to return to the anoxic pool 6 for denitrification reaction, and the aeration rate is 1.2 L/min, the design reflux ratio is 2.5:1;

3) The final treated sewage enters the sedimentation tank 9 from the upper end, and the hydraulic retention time is about 2 to 5 hours. The settled sludge enters the expansion port at the bottom of the lifting pipe 11 through the lower part of the partition plate 15, and enters by means of air lift and reflux under aeration. The pumping pipe 11 and the return pipe 13 return to the anoxic tank 6 to realize the return of the sludge; the supernatant after sedimentation is discharged from the water outlet 14 .

Example

In this embodiment, the rural life and catering wastewater treatment device strengthened by structural packing adopts the device shown in Figures 1-2, including degreasing pool 3, anaerobic pool 4, anoxic pool 6, and aerobic pool 7 connected in sequence , aerobic reflux tank 8, and sedimentation tank 9 are designed to treat 4t of wastewater per day, which can meet the domestic sewage treatment requirements of 12-15 rural households, and the total hydraulic retention time HRT is 14-28h. Among them, the total device is 2m long, 1m wide, and 1.05m high. The hydraulic retention time HRT of oil removal pool 3, anaerobic pool 4, anoxic pool 6, aerobic pool 7, and sedimentation pool 9 are 3~5h, 1~3h, respectively. 2～5h, 6～10h, 2～5h; the degreasing tank 3 is provided with a water inlet 1 connected to the sewage source, and the water inlet 1 is a circular pipe with a diameter of 5cm; the degreasing tank 3 is provided with a suspended oil-absorbing filler 2. The filler is a combined filler of foamed glass and composite microbial agent. The lift pipe 11 has a diameter of 8cm, a buried depth of 80cm, a design lifting height of 5cm, an aeration rate of 1.2L/min, and a design reflux ratio of about 2.5:1. The bottom of the sedimentation tank 9 is designed with a slope of 30 degrees, and part of the settled sludge can flow back into the anoxic tank 6; a water outlet 14 with a diameter of 5 cm is connected to the upper right of the sedimentation tank 9 .

Rural domestic sewage enters the integrated device through natural flow, and first enters the oil removal tank 3 from the upper end through the water inlet 1. With the help of the suspended oil-absorbing filler 2, a large amount of oily organic matter is degraded into small molecular organic matter, which does not affect the subsequent carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, and reduce the subsequent link pollutant load; then the treated waste water enters the anaerobic tank 4 through the inclined guide pipe 17 with a slope of about 60 degrees, and the bamboo filler is set in the anaerobic tank 4, and the bamboo filler An anaerobic microbial film is hung, which can better remove organic matter and part of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water and is conducive to the release of phosphorus by phosphorus-accumulating bacteria; then the sewage enters the anoxic pool 6 from the lower end to mix with the backflow sewage of the gas strip, and the anoxic pool 6 is added with active Sludge and biological filler to realize denitrification reaction; the effluent from the anoxic tank 6 flows from the lower end into the aerobic tank 7 for degradation and nitrification of organic matter, and aerobic activated sludge and biological filler are added to the aerobic tank 7 to realize contact oxidation Afterwards, the sewage enters the aerobic reflux pool 8, and the nitrified sewage and part of the sludge enter the water lift pipe 11 under aeration and return to the anoxic pool 6 for denitrification reaction by means of air lift and reflux, so that the reflux sewage and gas are more Good separation; the final treated sewage is settled through the sedimentation tank 9 and then discharged from the water outlet 14, which can achieve 75% of total nitrogen, 65% of total phosphorus removal and 90% of COD degradation.

The above is only a preferred example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention, equivalent changes and modifications, all belong to the present invention within the scope of the technical program.

Claims (6)

1. A rural living and catering waste water treatment device reinforced by structural packing, characterized in that: it comprises degreasing pond (3), anaerobic pond (4), anoxic pond (6), aerobic pond (7) connected successively ), an aerobic reflux tank (8) and a sedimentation tank (9), the degreasing tank is provided with a water inlet (1), and the degreasing tank (3) is provided with a suspended oil-absorbing filler (2); the anaerobic tank (4), the anoxic pool (6), and the aerobic pool (7) are respectively provided with biological fillers (5); between the degreasing pool (3) and the anaerobic pool (4) and the anoxic pool (6) A draft pipe (17) is provided between the aerobic pool (7) and an aeration main pipe (12) and an aeration branch pipe ( 16), wherein the aeration branch pipe (16) in the aerobic reflux tank (8) is provided with an aeration head (10), the aeration head (10) is provided with a water lift pipe (11), and the water lift pipe (11) body The side wall is connected to the anoxic pool (6) through the return pipe (13), and the sewage backflow is realized by air lift and backflow; the top of the aerobic pool (7) and the aerobic backflow pool (8) is provided with an air outlet (18); A water outlet (14) is connected to the top right of the settling tank (9). 2. according to claim 1, the rural life and catering waste water treatment device strengthened by structural packing, is characterized in that: the bottom of the described lifting pipe (11) is above the aeration head (10) through the expansion mask; the aerobic backflow pool ( 8) and the sedimentation tank (9) enter water through the upper part, but the lower part of the partition (15) between the two tanks is suspended to connect the bottom of the two, and the bottom of the sedimentation tank (9) is equipped with a sloping plate, and the sloping plate is the lowest The position is near the suspended part of the lower part of the dividing plate (15), so that the settled sludge enters the expansion port at the bottom of the lifting pipe (11) through the lower part of the dividing plate (15). 3. The rural life and catering wastewater treatment device strengthened by structural packing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the biological The fillers (5) are bamboo fillers, polyurethane fillers and foamed glass respectively. 4. The rural living and catering wastewater treatment device strengthened by structural fillers according to claim 1, characterized in that: the suspended oil-absorbing filler (2) is a combined filler of foamed glass and composite microbial agent. 5. According to claim 4, the rural life and catering wastewater treatment device reinforced by structural fillers is characterized in that: the composite microbial agent is composed of 10% to 30% Pseudomonas cepacia, 10% ～30% Micrococcus, 10%～20% Bacillus licheniformis, 10%～20% Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 10%～20% Penicillium expanses, 10%～20% Yarrowia lipolytica Composite to form a composite microbial agent, using foamed glass as a carrier, put it into the culture solution containing the composite microbial agent for film formation, so as to obtain the composite filler. 6. A rural life and catering wastewater treatment process utilizing the device described in claim 1, characterized in that, the steps are as follows: 1) Rural domestic sewage enters the integrated device through natural flow, and first enters the oil removal tank (3) through the water inlet (1) from the upper end. The hydraulic retention time is about 3 to 5 hours. Under the action of complex microbial agents, a large amount of oily organic macromolecules are degraded into small molecular organics, and the pollutant load in subsequent links is reduced without affecting the subsequent carbon-nitrogen ratio; 2) The treated wastewater enters the anaerobic pool (4) through the inclined guide pipe (17) with a slope of about 60 degrees, and the hydraulic retention time is 1 to 3 hours. The bamboo filler of the aerobic microbial film removes organic matter and part of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water and facilitates the release of phosphorus by phosphorus-accumulating bacteria; after that, the sewage enters the anoxic tank (6) from the lower end of the anaerobic tank (4), and the hydraulic retention time is about 2 to 5 hours In the anoxic pool (6), the organic matter in the sewage is further removed while denitrification is realized; the effluent from the anoxic pool (6) flows into the aerobic pool (7) from the lower end, and the hydraulic retention time is about 6-10h, which is good. Foam glass is set in the oxygen tank (7), which can further absorb nitrogen and phosphorus; then the sewage enters the aerobic reflux tank (8), and the sewage and sludge after the nitrification reaction enter the water pumping pipe (11 ) and the return pipe (13) return to the anoxic tank (6) for denitrification reaction, the aeration rate is 1.2L/min, and the design return ratio is 2.5:1; 3) The final treated sewage enters the sedimentation tank (9) from the upper end, and the hydraulic retention time is about 2 to 5 hours. The settled sludge enters the expansion port at the bottom of the lifting pipe (11) through the lower part of the partition (15), and is discharged under aeration. Enter the water lift pipe (11) and the return pipe (13) to return to the anoxic tank (6) through air stripping and returning to realize the return of the sludge; the supernatant after sedimentation is discharged from the water outlet (14).