CN105644749A - Ship propulsion mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a ship propulsion mechanism, which comprises a propeller and a rudder. A propeller cap is arranged on the propeller hub. A rudder ball is arranged at a position opposite to the propeller cap. The two sides of the rudder ball in the horizontal direction are provided with The propeller cap includes a propeller cap shell and a fin plate, a rotating shaft is connected to the fin plate, and the rotating shaft is connected to the fin deflection mechanism, a fixing plate is provided on the mounting end of the propeller cap, Position slot, the fin deflection mechanism includes a deflection rod, one end of the deflection rod is connected to the rotating shaft, and the other end is provided with an inertia ball fitted in the limit slot, and there is also a return spring. The present invention effectively solves the problem that the hub vortex elimination effect of the ship propulsion mechanism in the prior art is poor and cannot adapt to various propeller speeds. The structure of the present invention can effectively reduce the hub vortex within a certain propeller speed range and improve The propulsion efficiency of the propeller has high practical value.

Description

a ship propulsion mechanism

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of ship manufacturing, in particular to a ship propulsion mechanism capable of improving propulsion efficiency.

Background technique

Ships in the prior art are usually driven by propellers, and the propulsion generated by the rotation of the propellers installed at the lower part of the stern makes the ships move. However, when the propeller rotates, a strong hub vortex will be generated behind the propeller hub, causing cavitation tendency behind the hub, and the hub vortex will reduce the efficiency of the ship propeller and cause vibration and noise at the propeller. In order to solve this problem and improve the propulsion efficiency of the propeller, some people use counter-rotating propellers to reduce the hub vortex, and some people add fins to the propeller hub cap to reduce the hub vortex, disperse and reduce the concentrated on the hub cap Hub vortex cavitation. The publication date is March 25, 2015, and the patent document with the publication number CN104443333A discloses a rudder ball type counter-rotating propeller, including a main propeller, a rudder body, a rudder ball installed on the rudder body, and a rudder ball installed on the rudder ball. Auxiliary propeller; the rudder ball is an elliptical revolving body, installed in front of the rudder body, facing the center of the main propeller shaft, and the diameter of the rudder ball is 0.8 to 1.5 times the diameter of the small end face of the main propeller hub; the auxiliary propeller Located on the rudder ball, the diameter is 0.2 to 0.5 times the diameter of the main propeller. It is driven by a built-in small integrated motor and rotates in the opposite direction to the main propeller. The number of blades is the same as the main propeller or the number of main propeller blades is ±1. The structure has remarkable energy-saving effect, and has the advantages of the rudder ball and the counter-rotating propeller, which can increase the overall propulsion efficiency of the ship by 3% to 8%. When the ship needs to turn and control the rudder, the thrust generated by the auxiliary propeller is beneficial to the ship's steering, which can reduce the turning radius of the ship and improve the maneuverability. However, this structure needs to increase the power device in the rudder, which is not only costly, but also the structure of the rudder is too complicated. The publication date is June 11, 2014, and the patent document with the publication number CN103857589A discloses a propeller cap with fins, including fins located at the periphery of the propeller cap of the ship, and a fin formed at the end of each fin. The end plate at the center, thereby reducing the cavitation of the hub vortex and reducing the cavitation of the rudder. In addition, the fins can bring about auxiliary propulsion in addition to the propulsion of the propeller, thereby further improving the propulsion efficiency. However, the fins on the hub cap of this patent are fixed on the hub cap, and this fixed fin generally only has a good hub eddy current elimination effect at a certain stable speed. When the speed of the propeller changes greatly , the hub eddy current elimination effect of this fixed structure fin will be significantly reduced, so that it cannot maximize its role in reducing the hub eddy current.

Contents of the invention

The present invention solves the problem that the prior art ship propulsion mechanism has poor hub vortex elimination effect and cannot adapt to various propeller speeds, and provides a ship propulsion mechanism that can effectively reduce the hub vortex within a certain propeller speed range .

The specific technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is that a ship propulsion mechanism includes a propeller and a rudder, the propeller includes a propeller hub and a propeller blade, the propeller hub is provided with a propeller hub cap, and the propeller and the rudder The opposite position of the hub cap is provided with a rudder ball, and the two sides of the rudder ball in the horizontal direction are provided with booster wings. The diameter of the mounting end of the spinner cap shell is equal to the diameter of the propeller hub. The fins are connected with a rotating shaft, and the fins are connected with the fin deflection mechanism arranged in the propeller cap shell through the rotating shaft. The propeller cap The mounting end of the fin is provided with a fixed plate, and the fixed plate is provided with a limit groove. The deflection mechanism of the fin plate includes a deflection rod. One end of the deflection rod is connected to the rotating shaft through a transmission mechanism. The other end of the deflection rod is provided with an inertia ball. The inertia ball is slidably fitted in the limit slot, and a return spring is provided between the deflection rod and the hub cap shell. When the propeller rotates, the inertia ball slides in the limit slot under the action of inertial force, and the inertia ball The rotation of the rotating shaft is driven by the deflection rod and the transmission mechanism, and the rotation of the rotating shaft drives the deflection of the fins.

The fin plate of the propeller hub cap of the present invention is provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected with a deflection mechanism. When the rotation speed of the propeller is different, the deflection mechanism can provide different deflection angles, so that the helix angle of the fin plate can be adjusted automatically according to the rotation speed of the propeller. Adjustment, thereby solving the problem that the fixed fin plate on the propeller cap of the prior art cannot adjust the deflection angle according to the rotating speed of the propeller, thus affecting the effect of hub eddy current elimination at different propeller speeds, and improving the propulsion efficiency of the propeller; and the plate also has a similar propeller Therefore, the propulsion efficiency of the ship's propulsion mechanism can be further increased. On the other hand, the present invention is provided with the rudder ball at the relative position of the rudder and the propeller cap, the two sides of the rudder ball in the horizontal direction are provided with booster wings, the rudder ball and the booster wings on both sides can reduce the eddy current, and have obvious Thrust enhancement, thereby improving the propulsion efficiency of the ship's propulsion mechanism.

Preferably, the diameter of the rudder ball is 1 to 2 times the maximum diameter of the spinner cap shell, and the rear portion of the rudder ball gradually shrinks to form a conical structure. The booster wings are two pieces, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rudder ball On the side, the height of the booster wing is 30% to 50% of the diameter of the rudder ball, and the length of the booster wing is 1 to 2 times the diameter of the rudder ball.

Preferably, the transmission mechanism is a gear transmission mechanism, the connecting end of the deflection rod and the rotating shaft is provided with a driving gear, the axle of the driving gear is arranged on the propeller hub cap shell, and the rotating shaft is provided with a driven gear meshing with the driving gear, and the deflection rod It is connected with the rotating shaft through the driving gear and the driven gear. Since the rotating shaft of the fin is generally set at the end of the fin close to the fixed plate, and when the propeller has a high rotational speed, in order to better eliminate the hub vortex, the fin needs to have a larger helix angle, so the gear transmission mechanism is adopted. The transmission principle of the reverse rotation of two meshing gears can realize the conversion of the deflection direction between the deflection rod and the fin plate, and achieve the purpose of increasing the helix angle of the fin plate when the propeller speed increases. On the other hand, the gear transmission mechanism can also adjust the relationship between the deflection angle of the deflection rod and the deflection angle of the fin plate through the transmission ratio of the gear, so as to achieve the best hub eddy current elimination effect.

Preferably, the driving gear is a sector gear, one side of the sector gear is provided with a horizontal shaft perpendicular to the wheel shaft, and the deflection rod is hinged on the horizontal shaft. The deflection rod and the driving gear are hinged through the horizontal axis, which can allow the displacement of the deflection rod in the radial direction of the hub cap, that is, the shape of the limit groove of the inertia ball has more options, so that it can be mounted on the fixed plate according to different propeller working conditions. Different inertia ball limit slots are designed so that there are different correspondences between the fin helix angle and the propeller speed, so as to achieve the best hub vortex elimination effect.

Preferably, the limiting groove is a straight groove, and the center line of the limiting groove and the line between the two ends of the limiting groove and the rotation center of the fixing plate form a right triangle or an obtuse triangle. The deflection rod of the limiting slot in the form of a right triangle only rotates in a plane perpendicular to the rotating shaft, and the structure is relatively simple.

Preferably, the limiting groove is a straight groove, and the center line of the limiting groove and the line between the two ends of the limiting groove and the rotation center of the fixing plate form an obtuse triangle. The rotation surface of the deflection rod of the obtuse triangle-shaped limiting groove is inclined to the rotating shaft. Since the starting point of the inertia ball is closer to the rotation center of the propeller hub and the limiting groove is close to the radial setting, compared with the aforementioned limiting groove, the speed change of the propeller The resulting change in the helix angle of the fin is relatively small, and it is more suitable for use under the working condition of a large change in the propeller speed.

Preferably, the number of fins is the same as the number of blades of the propeller, and the end of the fin near the propeller is located in the middle of the bases of two adjacent propeller blades.

Preferably, the maximum width of the fin is 20% to 30% of the maximum diameter of the spinner cap shell, the maximum length of the fin is 60% to 80% of the axial length of the spinner cap, and the outer edge of the fin is provided with a cross section It is a circular side strip, and the diameter of the side strip is 2 to 4 times the thickness of the fin plate. The setting of the side bars can increase the pressure difference between the front and rear sides of the fin, which is beneficial to improve the propulsion efficiency. Here, the maximum width of the fin refers to the maximum value of the radial part of a single fin above the hub cap shell. The axial length of the cap refers to the maximum length of the spinner cap in the axial direction.

Preferably, when the propeller rotates, the maximum turning diameter of the fin is 20% to 30% of the maximum turning diameter of the blade.

Preferably, a hub cap mounting hole is provided on the fixing plate, a sealing gasket is provided between the hub cap and the hub, and a sealing ring is provided between the hub cap shell and the rotating shaft. The sealing structure is used to prevent water from entering the hub cap, thereby affecting the sliding of the inertial ball.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that it effectively solves the problem that the ship propulsion mechanism of the prior art has poor hub eddy current elimination effect and cannot adapt to various propeller speeds. The ship propulsion mechanism of the present invention is within a certain propeller speed range Both can effectively reduce the hub vortex, improve the propulsion efficiency of the propeller, and have high practical value.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of ship propulsion mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of propeller;

Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation of propeller cap of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a kind of partial structure schematic diagram of rudder plate of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a partial structural sectional view of the spinner cap of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a partial structural sectional view of the spinner cap of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a spinner cap of the present invention;

Figure 8 is another cross-sectional view of the spinner cap of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a fin plate of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Propeller hub cap shell, 2. Fin plate, 3. Rotating shaft, 4. Fixed plate, 5. Limit slot, 6. Deflection rod, 7. Inertia ball, 8. Return spring, 9. Driving gear , 10. Axle, 11. Driven gear, 12. Transverse shaft, 13. Side bar, 14. Hub cap mounting hole, 15. Gasket, 16. Seal ring, 17. Blade, 18. Hub, 19 .rudder, 20. rudder ball, 21. booster wing.

detailed description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

In embodiment 1 shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, 1. a kind of ship propulsion mechanism, comprises propeller and rudder, and described propeller comprises propeller hub 18 and 4 blades 17, is provided with on propeller hub There is a paddle cap, the diameter of the installation end of the paddle cap shell is equal to the diameter of the paddle hub, and the relative position of the rudder 19 and the paddle cap is provided with a rudder ball 20, and the diameter of the rudder ball is the largest of the paddle cap shell. 1.2 times the diameter, the rear portion of the rudder ball shrinks gradually to form a conical structure, two booster wings 21 are arranged on both sides of the rudder ball in the horizontal direction, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rudder ball, and the height of the booster wings is 40% of the diameter, the length of the booster wing is 1.2 times the diameter of the rudder ball (see Figure 4).

The hubcap includes a hubcap shell 1 with a closed structure and fins 2 arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the shell. The number of fins is the same as the number of blades of the propeller, and the end of the fins near the propeller is located at the same Adjacent to the middle of the two blade bases, the maximum width of the fin is 24% of the maximum diameter of the spinner cap shell, the maximum length of the fin is 70% of the axial length of the spinner cap, and the maximum length of the fin when the propeller rotates The turning diameter is 24% of the maximum turning diameter of the blade.

The fin is connected with a rotating shaft 3, and the fin is connected with the fin deflection mechanism arranged in the hub cap shell through the rotating shaft, the mounting end of the propeller cap is provided with a fixed plate 4, and the fixed plate is provided with a limiting groove 5 , the limiting groove is a straight groove, the center line of the limiting groove and the line between the two ends of the limiting groove and the rotation center of the fixed plate form a right triangle (see Figure 7), and the fixed plate also has a propeller cap installation hole 14. A sealing gasket 15 is provided between the propeller cap and the propeller hub, and a sealing ring 16 is provided between the propeller cap shell and the rotating shaft. The fin deflection mechanism includes a deflection rod 6, one end of the deflection rod is connected to the rotating shaft through a transmission mechanism, and the other end of the deflection rod is provided with an inertia ball 7 (see Figure 5), and the inertia ball is slidably adapted to the limit In the position slot, there is also a return spring 8 between the deflection rod and the propeller hub cap shell. When the propeller rotates, the inertia ball slides in the limit slot under the action of inertial force, and the inertia ball drives the rotating shaft through the deflection rod and the transmission mechanism. Rotate, the rotation of the rotating shaft drives the deflection of the fin plate. The transmission mechanism is a gear transmission mechanism. The connecting end of the deflection rod and the rotating shaft is provided with a driving gear 9. The driving gear is a sector gear (see Figure 6). One side of the sector gear is provided with a horizontal shaft 12 perpendicular to the wheel shaft. On the horizontal axis, the wheel shaft 10 of the driving gear is arranged on the propeller cap shell, and the driven gear 11 meshing with the driving gear is arranged on the rotating shaft, and the deflection rod is connected with the rotating shaft through the driving gear and the driven gear.

Example 2

The limiting slots in Example 2 are five straight slots, the center line of the limiting slot and the line between the two ends of the limiting slot and the rotation center of the fixed plate form an obtuse triangle (see Figure 8), and the outer edge of the fin plate is provided with The cross-section is a circular side bar 13 (see Fig. 9), the diameter of the side bar is 3 times of the thickness of the fin plate, and the rest are the same as in Embodiment 1.

The fin plate of the propeller hub cap of the present invention is provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected with a deflection mechanism. When the rotation speed of the propeller is different, the deflection mechanism can provide different deflection angles, so that the helix angle of the fin plate can be adjusted automatically according to the rotation speed of the propeller. Adjustment, thereby solving the problem that the fixed fin plate on the propeller cap of the prior art cannot adjust the deflection angle according to the rotating speed of the propeller, thus affecting the effect of hub eddy current elimination at different propeller speeds, and improving the propulsion efficiency of the propeller; and the plate also has a similar propeller Therefore, the propulsion efficiency of the ship's propulsion mechanism can be further increased. On the other hand, the present invention is provided with the rudder ball at the relative position of the rudder and the propeller cap, the two sides of the rudder ball in the horizontal direction are provided with booster wings, the rudder ball and the booster wings on both sides can reduce the eddy current, and have obvious Thrust enhancement, thereby improving the propulsion efficiency of the ship's propulsion mechanism.

In addition to the above-mentioned embodiments, within the scope disclosed in the claims and description of the present invention, the technical features or technical data of the present invention can be re-selected and combined to form new implementations. These implementations of the present invention that have not been described in detail The method can be easily realized by those skilled in the art without creative work, so these implementations that are not described in detail should also be regarded as specific examples of the present invention and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a Ship Propeling mechanism, including propeller and rudder for ship, it is characterized in that, described propeller includes propeller hub (18) and blade (17), propeller hub is provided with propeller hub cap, the position that described rudder for ship (19) is relative with propeller hub cap is provided with rudder ball (20), the both sides of rudder ball horizontal direction are provided with the boosting wing (21), propeller hub cap housing (1) that described propeller hub cap includes enclosed construction and the fin keel (2) being arranged on described housing outer peripheral face, the installation end diameter of propeller hub cap housing and the equal diameters of propeller hub, described fin keel is connected to rotating shaft (3), fin keel is connected with the fin keel deflection mechanism being arranged in propeller hub cap housing by rotating shaft, the installation end of propeller hub cap is provided with fixing plate (4), fixing plate is provided with stopper slot (5), described fin keel deflection mechanism includes deflecting bar (6), one end of deflecting bar is connected with rotating shaft by drive mechanism, the other end of deflecting bar is provided with an inertia ball (7), described inertia ball fits in stopper slot slidably, back-moving spring (8) it is additionally provided with between deflecting bar and propeller hub cap housing, during propeller rotational, inertia ball slides under the effect of inertia force in stopper slot, inertia ball passes through deflecting bar, drive mechanism drives axis of rotation, axis of rotation drives fin keel deflection.

2. Ship Propeling mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the diameter of described rudder ball is 1 to 2 times of propeller hub cap housing maximum gauge, the rear portion of rudder ball gradually tapers up formation pyramidal structure, the described boosting wing is two pieces, being symmetricly set on the both sides of rudder ball, the height of the boosting wing is the 30% to 50% of rudder bulb diameter, and the length degree of the boosting wing is 1 to 2 times of rudder bulb diameter.

3. Ship Propeling mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described drive mechanism is gear drive, the link of deflecting bar and rotating shaft is provided with driving gear (9), the wheel shaft (10) of driving gear is arranged on propeller hub cap housing, rotating shaft is provided with the driven gear (11) engaged with driving gear, and deflecting bar is connected with rotating shaft by driving gear, driven gear.

4. Ship Propeling mechanism according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described driving gear is sector gear, and the side of sector gear is provided with the transverse axis (12) vertical with wheel shaft, and deflecting bar is hinged on transverse axis.

5. Ship Propeling mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described stopper slot is straight trough, the line form right angle triangle between the centrage of stopper slot and stopper slot two ends and fixing plate center of rotation.

6. Ship Propeling mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described stopper slot is straight trough, and the line between the centrage of stopper slot and stopper slot two ends and fixing plate center of rotation constitutes obtuse triangle.

7. Ship Propeling mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the quantity of described fin keel is identical with the blade quantity of propeller, and fin keel is positioned at the centre position of adjacent two blade base portions near one end of propeller.

8. Ship Propeling mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the Breadth Maximum of described fin keel is the 20% to 30% of propeller hub cap housing maximum gauge, the greatest length of fin keel is the 60% to 80% of propeller hub cap axial length, fin keel outer is provided with the edge strip (13) that cross section is circle, and the diameter of edge strip is 2 to 4 times of fin keel thickness.

9. the Ship Propeling mechanism according to any one of claim 1-8, is characterized in that, during propeller rotational, the maximum rotating diameter of fin keel is the 20% to 30% of blade maximum rotating diameter.

10. the Ship Propeling mechanism according to any one of claim 1-8, is characterized in that, fixing plate is provided with propeller hub cap installing hole (14), is provided with sealing gasket (15), is provided with sealing ring (16) between propeller hub cap housing and rotating shaft between propeller hub cap and propeller hub.