CN105639191A - Feed additive for protecting intestinal health of hybrid snakehead fish and preparation method of feed additive - Google Patents
Feed additive for protecting intestinal health of hybrid snakehead fish and preparation method of feed additive Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 title abstract description 30
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Abstract
本发明公开一种保护杂交鳢肠道健康的饲料添加剂及其制备方法；所述饲料添加剂以重量份计，包括如下组分：25~35份载铜蒙脱石、20~30份甘露寡糖、15~20份地衣芽孢杆菌、10~15份谷氨酰胺二肽、7~12份三丁酸甘油酯、5~10份牛至精油和4~8份酵母核酸；所述制备方法将上述原料中的固体原料粉碎并过120~140目筛后，与三丁酸甘油酯和牛至精油混合均匀，使混合物的变异系数≤5%，制得。本发明饲料添加剂能够促进杂交鳢肠道生长发育，保证肠道结构和功能正常，优化杂交鳢的肠道菌群，保证肠道微生态环境正常，提高杂交鳢对营养物质的消化吸收能力。The invention discloses a feed additive for protecting the intestinal health of hybrid snakeheads and a preparation method thereof; the feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of copper-loaded montmorillonite, 20-30 parts of mannan oligosaccharide , 15~20 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 10~15 parts of glutamine dipeptide, 7~12 parts of tributyrin, 5~10 parts of oregano essential oil and 4~8 parts of yeast nucleic acid; The solid raw material in the raw material is crushed and passed through a 120-140 mesh sieve, and then mixed evenly with tributyrin and oregano essential oil so that the coefficient of variation of the mixture is ≤5%. The feed additive of the invention can promote the growth and development of the intestinal tract of the hybrid snakehead, ensure the normal structure and function of the intestine, optimize the intestinal flora of the hybrid snakehead, ensure the normal intestinal micro-ecological environment, and improve the digestion and absorption ability of the hybrid snakehead to nutrients.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于动物饲料添加剂技术领域，具体涉及一种保护杂交鳢肠道健康的饲料添加剂及其制备方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of animal feed additives, and in particular relates to a feed additive for protecting the intestinal health of hybrid snakeheads and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
肠道健康是机体健康的重要保证，是鱼类消化吸收营养物质的主要场所；同时肠道也是鱼类最大的黏膜免疫器官和和最脆弱的免疫屏障，它是机体抵御异物的第一道防线。因此，肠道健康是鱼类健康养殖的关键，肠道通常是鱼类疾病感染的主要途径之一；肠道健康下降，不仅导致机体健康下降，还降低营养物质消化吸收率，大量未消化营养物质排入水体，引起水环境“健康”下降，进而降低鱼体健康水平。Intestinal health is an important guarantee for the health of the body, and it is the main place for fish to digest and absorb nutrients; at the same time, the intestine is also the largest mucosal immune organ and the weakest immune barrier of fish, and it is the first line of defense for the body against foreign substances . Therefore, intestinal health is the key to healthy fish farming. The intestinal tract is usually one of the main routes of fish disease infection; the decline in intestinal health not only leads to a decline in the health of the body, but also reduces the rate of digestion and absorption of nutrients, and a large amount of undigested nutrients Substances are discharged into the water body, causing the "health" of the water environment to decline, which in turn reduces the health level of fish.
杂交鳢因其肉质鲜美、营养丰富，且具有滋补调养的药用价值，而成为我国发展快速的淡水经济养殖品种。我国乌鳢年产量在20万吨左右，产值达60亿元。近年来，由于杂交鳢养殖效益下降，致使其饲料中植物蛋白源的大量使用，导致杂交鳢肠道氧化损伤和结构破坏；加之杂交鳢营养生理、人工饲料配制技术、加工工艺以及投喂技术研究资料的缺乏，且目前杂交鳢为高密度精养模式，甚至还拌喂鲜杂鱼，这些因素都会危及或损伤杂交鳢肠道的健康，进而影响其生长发育，制约其产业可持续的健康发展。进而如何保护养殖条件下杂交鳢肠道健康，则是提高其养殖效益的一个重要途径；因此开发一种能够有效保护或调节养殖鱼类肠道健康的饲料添加剂是提高养殖鱼类利用人工配合饲料的一个重要环节。The hybrid snakehead has become a fast-growing freshwater economic breeding species in my country because of its delicious meat, rich nutrition, and medicinal value of nourishing and recuperating. The annual output of snakehead in my country is about 200,000 tons, with an output value of 6 billion yuan. In recent years, due to the decline in the breeding efficiency of hybrid snakeheads, a large number of plant protein sources in their feed have been used, resulting in oxidative damage and structural damage to the intestinal tract of hybrid snakeheads; coupled with the research on nutrition and physiology of hybrid snakeheads, artificial feed preparation technology, processing technology and feeding technology The lack of data, and the current high-density intensive breeding mode of hybrid snakeheads, and even mixed feeding of fresh trash fish, these factors will endanger or damage the health of the hybrid snakehead intestines, which will affect its growth and development, and restrict the sustainable and healthy development of its industry . Furthermore, how to protect the intestinal health of hybrid snakeheads under aquaculture conditions is an important way to improve their breeding benefits; therefore, developing a feed additive that can effectively protect or regulate the intestinal health of aquaculture fish is an important way to improve the utilization of artificial compound feed by aquaculture fish. an important part of.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术存在的上述不足，本发明所要解决的技术问题是：怎样提供一种保护杂交鳢肠道健康的饲料添加剂及其制备方法，使制得的饲料添加剂能保证杂交鳢肠道的健康，促进肠道对营养物质的消化吸收，重要保护杂交鳢机体的肠道免疫防御功能。Aiming at the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: how to provide a feed additive for protecting the intestinal health of the hybrid snakehead and its preparation method, so that the prepared feed additive can ensure the health of the intestinal tract of the hybrid snakehead , promote intestinal digestion and absorption of nutrients, and protect the intestinal immune defense function of the hybrid snakehead body.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种保护杂交鳢肠道健康的饲料添加剂，以重量份计，包括如下组分：25~35份载铜蒙脱石、20~30份甘露寡糖、15~20份地衣芽孢杆菌、10~15份谷氨酰胺二肽、7~12份三丁酸甘油酯、5~10份牛至精油和4~8份酵母核酸。In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a feed additive for protecting the intestinal health of hybrid snakeheads, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of copper-loaded montmorillonite, 20-30 parts of manna Oligosaccharides, 15-20 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 10-15 parts of glutamine dipeptide, 7-12 parts of tributyrin, 5-10 parts of oregano essential oil and 4-8 parts of yeast nucleic acid.
上述保护杂交鳢肠道健康的饲料添加剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：The preparation method of the above-mentioned feed additive for protecting the intestinal health of hybrid snakeheads comprises the following steps:
1）称取上述重量份的组分原料；1) Weigh the component raw materials in the above parts by weight;
2）将步骤1）称取的载铜蒙脱石、甘露聚糖、地衣芽孢杆菌、谷氨酰胺二肽和酵母核酸分别进行粉碎，并过120~140目筛；2) Separately pulverize the copper-loaded montmorillonite, mannan, Bacillus licheniformis, glutamine dipeptide and yeast nucleic acid weighed in step 1), and pass through a 120-140 mesh sieve;
3）将步骤2）粉碎后的载铜蒙脱石、甘露聚糖、地衣芽孢杆菌、谷氨酰胺二肽和酵母核酸添加入步骤1）称取的三丁酸甘油酯和牛至精油中，混合均匀，使混合后的混合物变异系数≤5%，得到所述保护杂交鳢肠道健康的饲料添加剂。3) Add the pulverized copper-loaded montmorillonite, mannan, Bacillus licheniformis, glutamine dipeptide and yeast nucleic acid in step 2) to the tributyrin and oregano essential oil weighed in step 1), and mix homogeneous, so that the coefficient of variation of the mixed mixture is less than or equal to 5%, and the feed additive for protecting the intestinal health of hybrid snakeheads is obtained.
本发明保护杂交鳢肠道健康的饲料添加剂可以作为杂交鳢饲料添加剂使用，添加量为饲料质量的0.15~0.30%。The feed additive for protecting the intestinal health of hybrid snakeheads according to the invention can be used as feed additives for hybrid snakeheads, and the added amount is 0.15-0.30% of the feed mass.
相比现有技术，本发明具有如下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1、本发明保护杂交鳢肠道健康的饲料添加剂能促进杂交鳢肠道生长发育，保证肠道结构和功能正常，经试验验证采用本发明饲料添加剂饲喂杂交鳢，杂交鳢的肠道粘膜皱襞个数和皱襞高度显著高于对照组和商业饲料组；不仅如此，本发明饲料添加剂还能够优化杂交鳢的肠道菌群，保证肠道微生态环境正常，经试验验证饲喂本发明饲料添加剂的杂交鳢肠道大肠杆菌和假单胞菌属显著减少。1. The feed additive for protecting the intestinal health of hybrid snakeheads of the present invention can promote the growth and development of the intestines of hybrid snakeheads, and ensure the normal structure and function of the intestines. It has been verified by experiments that the feed additive of the present invention is used to feed hybrid snakeheads, and the intestinal mucosal folds of hybrid snakeheads The number and fold height were significantly higher than those of the control group and the commercial feed group; not only that, but the feed additive of the present invention can also optimize the intestinal flora of the hybrid snakehead to ensure the normal micro-ecological environment of the intestinal tract, and the feed additive of the present invention was verified by experiments coli and Pseudomonas species in hybrid snakeheads were significantly reduced.
2、本发明饲料添加剂还能提高杂交鳢对营养物质的消化吸收能力和免疫能力，经试验验证饲喂本发明饲料添加剂后，杂交鳢的肠体指数、肠蛋白、肠道和肠细胞抗氧化酶活性、肠道和肝脏消化酶活性都有了明显提高。2. The feed additive of the present invention can also improve the digestion and absorption ability and immunity of hybrid snakeheads to nutrients. It has been verified by experiments that after feeding the feed additive of the present invention, the intestinal body index, intestinal protein, intestinal tract and enterocytes of hybrid snakeheads can resist oxidation. Enzyme activity, intestinal and liver digestive enzyme activities were significantly improved.
3、使用本发明饲料添加剂可以降低氮磷排出量，保证养殖水环境的正常，维持水环境在健康状态，进而可以促进养殖杂交鳢达到健康水平。3. The use of the feed additive of the present invention can reduce the discharge of nitrogen and phosphorus, ensure the normality of the aquaculture water environment, maintain the water environment in a healthy state, and then promote the aquaculture hybrid snakehead to reach a healthy level.
4、本发明饲料添加剂所使用的原料来源稳定、价格低廉；且本发明制备方法相对更加简便易操作，适用于工业化大生产，因而具有良好的市场前景。4. The source of raw materials used in the feed additive of the present invention is stable and low in price; and the preparation method of the present invention is relatively simpler and easier to operate, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production, thus having a good market prospect.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。本实施案例在以本发明技术为前提下进行实施，现给出详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程，来说明本发明具有创造性，但本发明的保护范围不限于以下的实施例。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. This implementation case is carried out on the premise of the technology of the present invention, and the detailed implementation and specific operation process are now given to illustrate the inventiveness of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
实施例1Example 1
一种保护杂交鳢肠道健康的饲料添加剂，包括如下成分：载铜蒙脱石25kg、甘露寡糖25kg、地衣芽孢杆菌18kg、谷氨酰胺二肽12kg、酵母核酸5kg、三丁酸甘油酯9kg和牛至精油6kg。A feed additive for protecting the intestinal health of hybrid snakeheads, comprising the following ingredients: 25kg of copper-loaded montmorillonite, 25kg of mannan oligosaccharides, 18kg of Bacillus licheniformis, 12kg of glutamine dipeptide, 5kg of yeast nucleic acid, and 9kg of tributyrin And oregano essential oil 6kg.
上述保护杂交鳢肠道健康的饲料添加剂的制备方法，将载铜蒙脱石25kg、甘露寡糖25kg、地衣芽孢杆菌18kg、谷氨酰胺二肽12kg和酵母核酸5kg分别进行粉碎，粉碎后将各原料过120目筛，将粉碎过筛后的各原料与三丁酸甘油酯9kg和牛至精油6kg混合均匀，使混合后的混合物的变异系数≤5%，得到所述保护杂交鳢肠道健康的饲料添加剂。The preparation method of the above-mentioned feed additive for protecting the intestinal health of hybrid snakeheads is to pulverize 25kg of copper-loaded montmorillonite, 25kg of mannan oligosaccharides, 18kg of Bacillus licheniformis, 12kg of glutamine dipeptide and 5kg of yeast nucleic acid respectively, and after pulverization, each The raw materials are passed through a 120-mesh sieve, and the crushed and sieved raw materials are uniformly mixed with 9 kg of tributyrin and 6 kg of oregano essential oil, so that the coefficient of variation of the mixed mixture is ≤ 5%, and the formula for protecting the intestinal health of hybrid snakeheads is obtained. Feed additives.
在全国不同区域三处试验场室内循环养殖系统中进行杂交鳢的养殖，鱼的初重分别为：16.8±0.67g、35.3±1.42g和52.3±2.35g。对照组用的饲料中均不添加本发明的保护杂交鳢肠道健康的饲料添加剂；同时以一种商业饲料（等蛋白水平）作为商业饲料组，每个对照组下设4个重复；试验组所用饲料中均添加0.15%（质量百分数）的本发明产品，同样每个试验组下设4个重复。经过70天的饲养实验后，结果显示试验组中杂交鳢的肠道粘膜皱襞个数、皱襞高度、粘膜皱襞高/肌层厚度以及单位长度肠道粘膜面积均显著高于对照组和商业饲料组，而肠道大肠杆菌和假单胞菌属显著减少；肠体指数提高18～42%；肠蛋白含量提高15～59%；肠道和肠细胞抗氧化酶活性提高7～26%；肠道和肝脏消化酶活性提高14～35%。The hybrid snakeheads were cultured in the indoor recirculation culture system of three experimental sites in different regions of the country. The initial weights of the fish were: 16.8±0.67g, 35.3±1.42g and 52.3±2.35g. The feed additive for protecting the intestinal health of hybrid snakeheads of the present invention was not added to the feed used in the control group; at the same time, a commercial feed (equal protein level) was used as the commercial feed group, and each control group had 4 repetitions; the test group 0.15% (mass percentage) of the product of the present invention was added to all feeds, and 4 repetitions were set up under each test group. After a 70-day feeding experiment, the results showed that the number of intestinal mucosal folds, fold height, mucosal fold height/muscle layer thickness, and intestinal mucosal area per unit length of the hybrid snakehead in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group and the commercial feed group , while intestinal Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas were significantly reduced; intestinal body index increased by 18-42%; intestinal protein content increased by 15-59%; intestinal and intestinal cell antioxidant enzyme activity increased by 7-26%; And liver digestive enzyme activity increased by 14 to 35%.
实施例2Example 2
一种保护杂交鳢肠道健康的饲料添加剂，包括如下成分：载铜蒙脱石35kg、甘露寡糖20kg、地衣芽孢杆菌15kg、谷氨酰胺二肽10kg、酵母核酸6kg、三丁酸甘油酯10kg和牛至精油5kg。A feed additive for protecting the intestinal health of hybrid snakeheads, comprising the following ingredients: 35kg of copper-loaded montmorillonite, 20kg of mannan oligosaccharides, 15kg of Bacillus licheniformis, 10kg of glutamine dipeptide, 6kg of yeast nucleic acid, and 10kg of tributyrin And oregano essential oil 5kg.
上述保护杂交鳢肠道健康的饲料添加剂的制备方法，将载铜蒙脱石35kg、甘露寡糖20kg、地衣芽孢杆菌15kg、谷氨酰胺二肽10kg和酵母核酸6kg分别进行粉碎，粉碎后将各原料过140目筛，将粉碎过筛后的各原料与三丁酸甘油酯10kg和牛至精油5kg混合均匀，使混合后的混合物的变异系数≤5%，得到所述保护杂交鳢肠道健康的饲料添加剂。The preparation method of the above-mentioned feed additive for protecting the intestinal health of the hybrid snakehead includes pulverizing 35 kg of copper-loaded montmorillonite, 20 kg of mannan oligosaccharides, 15 kg of Bacillus licheniformis, 10 kg of glutamine dipeptide and 6 kg of yeast nucleic acid, and after pulverizing, each The raw materials are passed through a 140-mesh sieve, and the crushed and sieved raw materials are uniformly mixed with 10 kg of tributyrin and 5 kg of oregano essential oil, so that the coefficient of variation of the mixed mixture is ≤ 5%, and the formula for protecting the intestinal health of hybrid snakeheads is obtained. Feed additives.
在全国不同区域三处进行大田养殖试验，三处鱼（初重25.6±1.65g）的养殖实验以及对照组的实验均分别在4口塘进行，每口塘的平均面积均为12亩。对照组用的饲料中均不添加本发明的保护杂交鳢肠道健康的饲料添加剂；同时以一种商业饲料（等蛋白水平）作为商业饲料组；实验组的饲料中添加0.25%（质量百分数）的本发明产品。经过60天的饲养实验后，结果显示实验组中杂交鳢的肠道粘膜皱襞个数和皱襞高度显著高于对照组和商业饲料组，而肠道大肠杆菌和假单胞菌属显著减少。肠体指数提高21～39%，肠道抗氧化酶活性提高11～32%，且显著提高消化酶活性。Field breeding experiments were carried out in three places in different regions of the country. The breeding experiments of fish (initial weight 25.6±1.65g) in the three places and the experiment of the control group were carried out in 4 ponds respectively, and the average area of each pond was 12 mu. The feed additive for protecting the intestinal health of hybrid snakeheads of the present invention was not added to the feed used in the control group; at the same time, a commercial feed (equal protein level) was used as the commercial feed group; 0.25% (mass percentage) was added to the feed of the experimental group product of the present invention. After a 60-day feeding experiment, the results showed that the number and height of intestinal mucosal folds in the hybrid snakehead in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group and the commercial feed group, while intestinal Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas were significantly reduced. The intestinal body index increased by 21-39%, the intestinal antioxidant enzyme activity increased by 11-32%, and the digestive enzyme activity was significantly improved.
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the claims of the present invention.
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Effective date of registration: 20200326 Address after: 528222 New Industrial Development Zone, Nanhai District, Nanhai District, Guangdong, Foshan Patentee after: GUANGDONG TONGWEI FEED Co.,Ltd. Address before: 400715 Chongqing Road, Beibei District No. 2 Co-patentee before: TONGWEI Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: SOUTHWEST University |