CN105639187A - Feeding promoting agent for sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Feeding promoting agent for sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 241000258129 Strongylocentrotus intermedius Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960002989 glutamic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960002449 glycine Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000143060 Americamysis bahia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 wheat-flour Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 241000257465 Echinoidea Species 0.000 abstract description 20
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 abstract description 7
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000005667 attractant Substances 0.000 description 22
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 20
- 230000031902 chemoattractant activity Effects 0.000 description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000005435 mesosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000512259 Ascophyllum nodosum Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001261506 Undaria pinnatifida Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019605 sweet taste sensations Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000251511 Holothuroidea Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000037208 balanced nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019046 balanced nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002149 gonad Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000697 sensory organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009461 vacuum packaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及水产养殖领域，特别是一种中间球海胆诱食剂，以及该种诱食剂的制备方法。 The invention relates to the field of aquaculture, in particular to a food-attractant for sea urchin medusa and a preparation method of the food-attractant.
背景技术 Background technique
中间球海胆（Strongylocentrotusintermedius）原产于日本北海道和青森县沿海以及俄罗斯的远东等地沿海。与其它海胆相比，中间球海胆的生殖腺色泽好，出成率高、味甜、个体生长速度快。1989年由大连水产学院将其从日本引入，现已成为我国北方重要的经济养殖种类。 Middle ball sea urchin ( Strongylocentrotus intermedius) is native to the coasts of Hokkaido and Aomori Prefecture in Japan and the Far East of Russia. Compared with other sea urchins, the gonads of the mesosphere sea urchin have better color, higher yield, sweet taste, and faster individual growth. It was introduced from Japan by Dalian Fisheries College in 1989 and has become an important economical breeding species in northern my country.
目前，在海胆的养殖过程中，饵料来源主要是海带和裙带菜等大型藻类。随着鲍鱼、海参和海胆养殖产业的发展，海带和裙带菜等大型藻类价格随之攀升，供不应求的问题日益突出。人工配合饲料因具有原料来源广泛、营养均衡、饵料系数高和不含致病菌等优点而在养殖中得到广泛应用。但是，相比于天然饵料，配合饲料的适口性往往不够理想，成为限制配合饲料推广的瓶颈。 At present, in the breeding process of sea urchins, the food sources are mainly macroalgae such as kelp and wakame. With the development of abalone, sea cucumber and sea urchin farming industries, the price of macroalgae such as kelp and wakame has risen, and the problem of short supply has become increasingly prominent. Artificial compound feed has been widely used in farming because of its advantages of wide source of raw materials, balanced nutrition, high feed coefficient and no pathogenic bacteria. However, compared with natural baits, the palatability of compound feeds is often not ideal, which has become a bottleneck restricting the promotion of compound feeds.
诱食剂是指能够改善饲料适口性，增进动物食欲的一种添加剂。诱食剂一般是多种物质的混合物，且随着动物种类、生活环境、生理特点、感觉器官及味道的传播介质不同而有所差异。从现有研究报道看，对鱼虾类诱食剂的开发有较多报道，但有关海胆诱食剂研究未见任何报道。 Food attractant refers to an additive that can improve the palatability of feed and increase the appetite of animals. Food attractants are generally a mixture of various substances, and vary with different animal species, living environments, physiological characteristics, sensory organs, and transmission media of taste. From the existing research reports, there are many reports on the development of fish and shrimp food attractants, but there is no report on the research on sea urchin food attractants.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明是为了解决现有技术所存在的上述不足，提出一种可提高海胆摄食量、缩短摄食时间、增加摄食量、减少饲料损失、降低水体污染、提高饲料利用率的中间球海胆诱食剂，以及该种诱食剂的制备方法。 The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and proposes a food-inducing agent for sea urchin mesospheres that can increase the food intake of sea urchins, shorten the feeding time, increase the food intake, reduce feed loss, reduce water pollution, and improve feed utilization. , and a preparation method of the attractant.
本发明的技术解决方案是：一种中间球海胆诱食剂，其特征在于：所述的诱食剂由以下组分按照质量百分比组成： The technical solution of the present invention is: a mesosphere sea urchin food attractant, characterized in that: said food attractant is composed of the following components according to mass percentage:
虾粉0.1-10% Shrimp powder 0.1-10%
鱿鱼内脏粉0.1-5% Squid offal powder 0.1-5%
谷氨酸0.1-7% Glutamic acid 0.1-7%
甘氨酸0.01-2% Glycine 0.01-2%
酵母提取物1-5% Yeast extract 1-5%
甜菜碱0.1-3% Betaine 0.1-3%
核苷酸0.1-6% Nucleotide 0.1-6%
小麦粉10-30% Wheat flour 10-30%
沸石粉15-50% Zeolite powder 15-50%
微晶纤维素15-40%。 Microcrystalline cellulose 15-40%.
一种如上所述的中间球海胆诱食剂的制备方法，其特征在于：将虾粉、鱿鱼内脏粉、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、酵母提取物、甜菜碱、核苷酸、小麦粉、沸石粉和微晶纤维素分别粉碎并过100-200目，并保证获得的粉末中含水量小于10%，然后将虾粉、鱿鱼内脏粉、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、酵母提取物、甜菜碱和核苷酸的粉末按照添加量由低到高的顺序添加并混合均匀，获得初级混合原料，向初级混合原料中添加小麦粉、沸石粉和微晶纤维素的粉末并混合均匀，获得诱食剂，且上述操作步骤需避光操作。 A preparation method of the above-mentioned sea urchin food attractant is characterized in that: shrimp powder, squid viscera powder, glutamic acid, glycine, yeast extract, betaine, nucleotides, wheat flour, zeolite powder and Microcrystalline cellulose is crushed separately and passed through 100-200 mesh, and the water content in the obtained powder is guaranteed to be less than 10%, and then shrimp powder, squid viscera powder, glutamic acid, glycine, yeast extract, betaine and nucleotide Add the powder according to the order of addition from low to high and mix uniformly to obtain the primary mixed raw material, add wheat flour, zeolite powder and microcrystalline cellulose powder to the primary mixed raw material and mix uniformly to obtain the food attractant, and the above operation The steps need to be protected from light.
本发明同现有技术相比，具有如下优点： Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
本发明所公开的中间球海胆诱食剂，以及该种诱食剂的制备方法，利用正交试验，从数十种单体或复合物中筛选获得诱食效果最强的诱食剂，以达到提高海胆摄食量、缩短摄食时间、增加摄食量、减少饲料损失、降低水体污染、提高饲料利用率的目的。该诱食剂原料来源广泛，供应稳定，无毒无害，价格低廉，配置方法简单，储存方便，含水率低于10%，保质期6个月。本产品在饲料中的添加比重为0.5%，成本几乎忽略不计。它能够显著提高中间球海胆的摄食速率和摄食量，添加0.5%诱食剂能够使海胆对饲料的响应时间缩短3倍以上，摄食量增加1倍以上。此外，本诱食剂还可以降低由于海胆摄食速率缓慢导致的饲料溶蚀率增加的问题，从而可以提高水体质量。因此可以说它具备了多种优点，特别适合于在本领域中推广应用，其市场前景十分广阔。 The food attractant disclosed by the present invention and the preparation method of this kind of food attractant use orthogonal tests to screen and obtain the food attractant with the strongest food attractant effect from dozens of monomers or compounds, so as to The purpose of increasing sea urchin food intake, shortening feeding time, increasing food intake, reducing feed loss, reducing water body pollution and improving feed utilization rate is achieved. The food attractant has a wide range of raw materials, stable supply, non-toxic and harmless, low price, simple configuration method, convenient storage, moisture content of less than 10%, and a shelf life of 6 months. The proportion of this product in the feed is 0.5%, and the cost is almost negligible. It can significantly increase the food intake rate and food intake of the mesosphere sea urchin, adding 0.5% food attractant can shorten the response time of the sea urchin to the feed by more than 3 times, and increase the food intake by more than 1 time. In addition, the feed attractant can also reduce the problem of increased feed erosion rate caused by the slow feeding rate of sea urchins, thereby improving water quality. Therefore it can be said that it has possessed multiple advantages, and is particularly suitable for popularization and application in this field, and its market prospect is very broad.
具体实施方式 detailed description
下面将说明本发明的具体实施方式。 Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
一种中间球海胆诱食剂，由以下组分按照质量百分比组成：0-10%的虾粉，0-5%的鱿鱼内脏粉，0-7%的谷氨酸，0-2%的甘氨酸，1-5%的酵母提取物，0-3%的甜菜碱，0-6%的核苷酸，10-30的小麦粉，15-50%的沸石粉和15-40%的微晶纤维素。 A mesosphere sea urchin food attractant, which is composed of the following components according to mass percentage: 0-10% shrimp powder, 0-5% squid viscera powder, 0-7% glutamic acid, 0-2% glycine , 1-5% yeast extract, 0-3% betaine, 0-6% nucleotides, 10-30 wheat flour, 15-50% zeolite powder and 15-40% microcrystalline cellulose .
一种如上所述的中间球海胆诱食剂的制备方法，按照以下步骤进行：首先将虾粉、鱿鱼内脏粉、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、酵母提取物、甜菜碱、核苷酸、小麦粉、沸石粉和微晶纤维素分别粉碎并过100-200目，同时需要保证获得的粉末中含水量小于10%，然后将虾粉、鱿鱼内脏粉、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、酵母提取物、甜菜碱和核苷酸的粉末按照添加量由低到高的顺序添加并混合均匀，获得初级混合原料，向初级混合原料中添加小麦粉、沸石粉和微晶纤维素的粉末并混合均匀，获得诱食剂，并且在上述混合过程中均需要避光操作。获得的产品用真空包装机在避光条件下包装，并储存与阴凉干燥处。 A preparation method of the above-mentioned sea urchin food attractant is carried out according to the following steps: firstly, shrimp powder, squid viscera powder, glutamic acid, glycine, yeast extract, betaine, nucleotides, wheat flour, zeolite Powder and microcrystalline cellulose are crushed separately and passed through 100-200 meshes, and at the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the water content in the obtained powder is less than 10%, and then shrimp powder, squid viscera powder, glutamic acid, glycine, yeast extract, betaine and Nucleotide powder is added in order of addition from low to high and mixed uniformly to obtain primary mixed raw materials, and powdered wheat flour, zeolite powder and microcrystalline cellulose are added to the primary mixed raw materials and mixed uniformly to obtain a food attractant, And in the above-mentioned mixing process, it is necessary to avoid light operation. The obtained product is packed in a dark condition with a vacuum packaging machine, and stored in a cool and dry place.
该诱食剂呈粉末状，有鱼腥味和甜味，无油脂氧化腐败和发霉变质味道。本产品在饲料中的添加比重为0.5%，能够使海胆对饲料的响应时间缩短3倍以上，摄食量增加1倍以上。使用该饲料养殖的海胆成活率达100%，生长速率为1.1%d-1，饵料系数为1.6。 The food attractant is in powder form, has a fishy and sweet taste, and has no oxidative corruption and mildewy taste. The proportion of this product in the feed is 0.5%, which can shorten the response time of sea urchins to the feed by more than 3 times and increase the food intake by more than 1 time. The survival rate of sea urchins cultured with this feed is 100%, the growth rate is 1.1%d -1 , and the feed coefficient is 1.6.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106173550A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-07 | 大连海洋大学 | Can quickly improve mixed feed of Radix Morinae Bulleyanae body wall nutritional quality and preparation method thereof |
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-
2015
- 2015-12-30 CN CN201511011248.9A patent/CN105639187A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN87104387A (en) * | 1986-06-24 | 1988-01-06 | 日清制油株式会社 | Bait for feeding larvae of crustaceans and shellfish |
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| CN102283140A (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2011-12-21 | 大连水产学院 | Method for cultivating beta-carotene-rich sea urchins |
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| Title |
|---|
| 苏延明等: "用几种饲料原料饲喂中间球海胆稚胆的效果", 《大连水产学院学报》 * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106173550A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-07 | 大连海洋大学 | Can quickly improve mixed feed of Radix Morinae Bulleyanae body wall nutritional quality and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160608 |