CN105618773B - A kind of gas atomization device being used to prepare 3D printing metal powder - Google Patents
A kind of gas atomization device being used to prepare 3D printing metal powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN105618773B CN105618773B CN201610162837.5A CN201610162837A CN105618773B CN 105618773 B CN105618773 B CN 105618773B CN 201610162837 A CN201610162837 A CN 201610162837A CN 105618773 B CN105618773 B CN 105618773B
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 69
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;titanium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ti] UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012387 aerosolization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002663 nebulization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000619 316 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
本发明为金属粉末制备技术与应用领域中的一种制备3D打印金属粉末的气雾化装置，该气雾化装置包括上端盖、穿过上端盖轴心位置的导流管、固连于上端盖且对称于导流管设置的气腔室；所述的气腔室由内向外设置三层可拆卸气体储存腔，各气体储存腔分别固连紧耦合雾化喷嘴、层流雾化喷嘴、超声雾化喷嘴；上端盖对称于轴线分别开有三个进气口，且连通各气体储存腔的腔室，本发明的通过在喷嘴结构中加入三层雾化结构，通过升降导流管，组装喷嘴来实现不同级数之间的转换和组合，发挥各种雾化技术的优势，同时补足单一雾化技术中存在的问题，提高气雾化的稳定性，实现高性能粉末的制备，并且改善雾化效果和出粉成品率，实现成品粉末粒径的可控可调。
The invention is a gas atomization device for preparing 3D printing metal powder in the field of metal powder preparation technology and application. The gas atomization device comprises an upper end cover, a guide tube passing through the axial center of the upper end cover, and a cover and symmetrical to the air chamber arranged on the guide pipe; the air chamber is provided with three layers of detachable gas storage chambers from the inside to the outside, and each gas storage chamber is respectively fastened and coupled to the atomizing nozzle, laminar atomizing nozzle, Ultrasonic atomizing nozzle; the upper end cover has three air inlets symmetrically about the axis, and is connected to the chambers of each gas storage cavity. The present invention adds a three-layer atomization structure to the nozzle structure, and assembles through the lifting guide tube. Nozzles are used to realize the conversion and combination between different stages, give full play to the advantages of various atomization technologies, and at the same time make up for the problems existing in a single atomization technology, improve the stability of gas atomization, realize the preparation of high-performance powder, and improve The atomization effect and the powder output yield can realize the controllable and adjustable particle size of the finished powder.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal powder preparation technique and application field, in particular to one kind is used to prepare 3D printing metal powder
The gas atomization device at end.
Background technique
Close coupling atomization technique is the atomization technique that a kind of pair of confined type nozzle structure is transformed.Due to its air stream outlet
Distance to liquid stream reaches most short, thus improves the efficiency of transmission of gas kinetic energy.This technology is at present by most of atomizations
Equipment uses.The advantages of atomized powder is that attritive powder recovery rate is high, and partial size is small, and (average particle size of such as ferroalloy powder reaches (10
~20 μm), narrow particle size distribution, cooling velocity is high, is conducive to the production of rapid condensation alloy or amorphous powdered alloy.The disadvantage is that
When atomization air pressure increases to certain value, catheter exit will generate positive pressure, can be carried out atomization process not.
Laminar flow atomization technique improves conventional nozzle, and improved atomizer nebulization efficiency is high, powder size
Narrowly distributing, cooling velocity is up to 106~107K/s.Under the atomizing pressure of 2.0MPa, with Ar or N2For medium atomization copper, aluminium,
316L stainless steel etc., powder mean particle sizes reach 10 μm.And gas consumption is low, remarkable in economical benefits, and is suitable for most
The production of number metal powder.The disadvantage is that technical controlling difficulty is big, atomization process is unstable, and yield is small, and (metal quality flow rate is small
In 1kg/min), it is unfavorable for industrialized production.
Ultrasonic close coupling atomization technique is to carry out structure optimization to close coupling circular seam type nozzle, keeps the muzzle velocity of air-flow super
The velocity of sound is crossed, and increases the mass flowrate of metal.When being atomized the metal such as stainless steel of high surface energy, powder mean particle sizes are reachable
20 μm or so, the standard deviation of powder is minimum can be down to 1.5 μm.The cooling velocity for substantially increasing powder of the technology, can
To produce the powder of rapid cooling or amorphous knot.
Application number 201410030935.4 discloses a kind of three-level atomising device, but the device is after double atomization,
Since the cooling rate under high pressure gas of molten drop is exceedingly fast, rotation crushing device is added other than nozzle, makes the device
The uniformity and higher sphericity that not can guarantee particle diameter distribution, are not able to satisfy requirement of the 3D printing to powder characteristics.
Currently, main problem existing for domestic alloy powder manufacturing equipment concentrates on molten drop nebulization efficiency, spheroidization
Low and oxidation, mobility are poor etc., comprising: 1. prepare the stability (being mingled with quantity, homogeneity of ingredients) of powdered ingredients；②
The stability (nodularization degree, mobility) of equipment atomizing effect；3. equipment goes out powder yield problem (narrow granularity section powder product rate
It is low) etc..Therefore it is required for low oxygen content, fine grain powder etc., it is still necessary to carry out grinding for fine grain powder aerosolization powder equipment
Study carefully work.
Summary of the invention
, the situations such as ball-type degree low, particle diameter distribution uneven thick for the domestic metal powder partial size for being suitable for 3D printing, this
A kind of gas atomization device for being designed to provide metal powder for being used to prepare 3D printing of invention.
The present invention is a kind of technical solution of gas atomization device for being used to prepare 3D printing metal powder are as follows:
The gas atomization device include upper end cover, across upper end cover shaft core position diversion pipe, be fixed on upper end cover and symmetrical
In the gas chamber of diversion pipe setting；
Three layers of dismountable gas storage chamber, respectively first gas storage chamber, the second gas are arranged in gas chamber from inside to outside
Body storage chamber, third gas storage chamber；
First gas storage chamber, second gas storage chamber, third gas storage chamber are both connected to upper end cover；First gas storage
It deposits chamber, second gas storage chamber, third gas storage chamber and close coupling atomizer, laminar flow atomizer, ultrasonic mist is respectively fixedly connected
Change nozzle；
Upper end cover is symmetrical with axis and has three air inlets, and the air inlet corresponds to each gas storage chamber and sets
It sets, and is connected to the chamber of each gas storage chamber.
Preferably, gas storage chamber is used with upper end cover and is threadedly coupled.
Preferably, the ultrasonic atomizing nozzle is using cyclic annular Laval configuration, Laval configuration contraction section connection the
The chamber of three gas storage chambers.
Preferably, the jet apex angle range of ultrasonic atomizing nozzle is 30 ° -50 °.
The present invention compares compared with the existing technology, has the advantages that below significant: 1, the present invention is by nozzle arrangements
Three layers of atomization structure of middle addition improve atomizing effect and out powder yield rate, realize the controllable of finished product powder diameter.2, pass through
The position of up and down adjustment diversion pipe, and assemble different nozzles, it can be achieved that the mode of ultrasonic close coupling, ultrasonic laminar flow selects, it can
For different metal powder, realizes the complex optimum of efficiency, energy conservation, stability, play the advantage of various atomization techniques, mend simultaneously
The problem of foot single atomization technique, improve the stability of aerosolization.It 3, can be with by the three-level Design of Screw Thread of upper end cover
It realizes the replacement of nozzle simplicity, facilitates maintenance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be removed first gas storage chamber, second gas storage chamber and with its laminar flow atomizer that is connected, ultrasonic mist
Change structural schematic diagram when close-coupled nozzle is used alone in nozzle.
Fig. 2 is to have removed second gas storage chamber and with after its laminar flow atomizer that is connected, used close coupling ultrasound group
Structural schematic diagram when conjunction.
Fig. 3 be removed first gas storage chamber and with after its close-coupled nozzle that is connected, using laminar flow ultrasound combine when
Structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is first gas storage chamber, close coupling atomization spray is respectively fixedly connected in second gas storage chamber, third gas storage chamber
Mouth, laminar flow atomizer, the complete installation diagram of ultrasonic atomizing nozzle.
Fig. 5 is laminar flow nozzle atomizer and water conservancy diversion pipe end partial schematic diagram.
Wherein, 1- screw thread；2- air inlet；3- first gas storage chamber；4- second gas storage chamber；The storage of 5- third gas
Chamber；6- laminar flow atomizer；7- Laval configuration.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is a kind of gas atomization device for being used to prepare 3D printing metal powder, which includes upper end
Lid, across upper end cover shaft core position diversion pipe, be fixed on upper end cover and be symmetrical with diversion pipe setting gas chamber；
Three layers are arranged from inside to outside and removable unloads gas storage chamber, respectively first gas storage chamber 3, the second gas for gas chamber
Body storage chamber 4, third gas storage chamber 5；
First gas storage chamber 3, second gas storage chamber 4, third gas storage chamber 5 are both connected to upper end cover；First gas
Body storage chamber, second gas storage chamber, third gas storage chamber are respectively fixedly connected close coupling atomizer, laminar flow atomizer 6, surpass
Sound atomizer；
Upper end cover is symmetrical with axis and has three air inlets 2, and air inlet 2 is arranged corresponding to each gas storage chamber, and
It is connected to the chamber of each gas storage chamber.
It can also be connected using using screw thread 1 between gas storage chamber and upper end cover.
Ultrasonic atomizing nozzle is connected to third gas storage chamber 5 using cyclic annular Laval configuration 7, the Laval configuration contraction section
Chamber.
The jet apex angle range of ultrasonic atomizing nozzle is 30 ° -50 °.
Device work is to be passed through inert gas, the pollution of other elements in oxidation or air can be prevented, to improve
The purity of metal powder.And gas kinetic energy can be dramatically increased by preheating before being passed through nozzle, realizes and increases air velocity
Purpose.Wherein, the pressure limit that close coupling atomizer is passed through argon gas is 2-5MPa, and laminar flow atomizer is passed through the pressure of argon gas
Power range is 1-2MPa, and the pressure limit that ultrasonic atomizing nozzle is passed through argon gas is 2-5MPa.
Embodiment 1
Remove second gas storage chamber 4, third gas storage chamber 5 and the laminar flow atomizer connected with it, ultrasonic mist
Change nozzle.Close coupling atomizer is only selected, titanium-aluminium alloy powder is prepared.The aerosol device specific work process is as follows:
(1) close coupling atomizer (as shown in Figure 1) is installed on upper end cover, adjustment diversion pipe stretches out atomizing gun length and is
3.5mm。
(2) titanium-aluminium alloy category test block is put into Efco-Northrup furnace, is heated to melting completely under protection of argon gas.
(3) it is 4Mpa that adjustment close-coupled nozzle, which leads to argon pressure,.
(4) argon gas valve is opened, argon gas is made to be passed into first gas storage chamber 3 by air inlet, after of short duration compression, warp
It is sprayed by close-coupled nozzle.When the titanium-aluminium alloy liquid of melting is flowed out by flow-guiding mouth, the argon gas that is projected from close-coupled nozzle
It is broken into droplet.Cooled and solidified is fallen in spray chamber under subsequent droplet into powder.Wherein spray chamber first vacuumizes, then leads to
Entering argon gas makes to be atomized room pressure 800Pa.
(5) titanium-aluminium alloy powder is finally made, oxygen content is less than 500ppm, and particle diameter distribution is between 30-60 μm, partial size point
Cloth is narrow and sphericity is high.
Embodiment 2
It has removed second gas storage chamber 4 and with after its laminar flow atomizer 6 that is connected, has been sprayed using close coupling ultrasonic atomizatio
Mouth prepares titanium-aluminium alloy powder.
(1) close coupling atomizer and ultrasonic atomizing nozzle (as shown in Figure 2), ultrasonic atomizing nozzle are installed on upper end cover
Jet apex angle is 40 °, and it is 3.5mm that adjustment diversion pipe, which stretches out atomizing gun length,.
(2) titanium-aluminium alloy category test block is put into Efco-Northrup furnace, is heated to melting completely under protection of argon gas.
(3) it is 3Mpa that close-coupled nozzle, which leads to argon pressure, and it is 3Mpa that ultrasonic nozzle, which leads to argon pressure,.
(4) argon gas valve is opened, argon gas is made to be passed into close coupling atomizer and ultrasonic atomizatio by respective air inlet respectively
The gas chamber of nozzle sprays after of short duration compression via at circular air hole at different levels.Molten metal liquid or alloy are by leading
Flow tube reaches at close-coupled nozzle.First order atomization is apart from close-coupled nozzle exit, by the mist with HI high impact momentum
Change air-flow and be dispersed as umbrella shape, while under the action of ultrasonic atomizatio air-flow, being broken by second ring-shaped ultrasonic air-flow smaller
Drop.Cooled and solidified is fallen in spray chamber under subsequent droplet into powder.Wherein spray chamber first vacuumizes, then is passed through argon gas
Make to be atomized room pressure 800Pa.
(5) titanium-aluminium alloy powder is finally made, oxygen content is less than 500ppm, and partial size is less than between 20-40 μm, particle diameter distribution
Narrow and sphericity is high.
Embodiment 3
Removed first gas storage chamber 3 and with after its close-coupled nozzle that is connected, using laminar flow ultrasonic atomizing nozzle 6,
Prepare titanium-aluminium alloy powder.
(1) laminar flow atomizer and ultrasonic atomizing nozzle (as shown in Figure 3), ultrasonic atomizing nozzle spray are installed on upper end cover
Penetrating apex angle is 35 °, and adjustment diversion pipe lower edge and laminar flow atomizer end coincide.
(2) titanium-aluminium alloy category test block is put into Efco-Northrup furnace, is heated to melting completely under protection of argon gas.
(3) it is 2Mpa that laminar flow nozzle, which leads to argon pressure, and it is 3Mpa that ultrasonic nozzle, which leads to argon pressure,.
(4) argon gas valve is opened, argon gas is made to be passed into close coupling atomizer and ultrasonic atomizatio by respective air inlet respectively
The gas chamber of nozzle.The stomata shape and water conservancy diversion pipe end of laminar flow nozzle part are tangent (such as Fig. 5) in the nozzle of laminar flow atomization, so that
In liquid stream when passing through nozzle, liquid flow path direction is consistent with airflow direction, and when liquid stream and air-flow by nozzle when spraying, pressure is obtained
To release, so that external pressure becomes smaller suddenly, liquid stream is fragmented into minimum drop.The air-flow of ultrasonic atomizing nozzle focuses simultaneously
Point drop and has not enough time to solidify, the biggish drop of partial size can be made further to refine at this time below laminar flow atomizer.Its
Middle spray chamber first vacuumizes, then be passed through argon gas make be atomized room pressure 800Pa.
(5) last titanium-aluminium alloy powder obtained, oxygen content are less than 500ppm, and partial size is less than between 10-30 μm, partial size point
Cloth is narrow and sphericity is high.
Claims (5)
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| CN201610162837.5A CN105618773B (en) | 2016-03-21 | 2016-03-21 | A kind of gas atomization device being used to prepare 3D printing metal powder |
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| CN201610162837.5A CN105618773B (en) | 2016-03-21 | 2016-03-21 | A kind of gas atomization device being used to prepare 3D printing metal powder |
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| CN106378461B (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2019-01-29 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of two-nozzle atomization device and method preparing 3D printing globular metallic powder |
| CN106735268A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-31 | 南通金源智能技术有限公司 | Preparation method for reducing the 3D printing metal powder material of hollow powder |
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| CN108941585A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-12-07 | 绵阳西磁科技有限公司 | The preparation method of 3D printing and soft magnetism patch integrated component submicron metal |
| JP6982015B2 (en) * | 2019-02-04 | 2021-12-17 | 三菱パワー株式会社 | Metal powder manufacturing equipment and its gas injector |
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| CN105618773A (en) | 2016-06-01 |
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