CN105614103A - Fat powder for early-phase weaned piglets and production method of fat powder - Google Patents
Fat powder for early-phase weaned piglets and production method of fat powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN105614103A CN105614103A CN201511020802.XA CN201511020802A CN105614103A CN 105614103 A CN105614103 A CN 105614103A CN 201511020802 A CN201511020802 A CN 201511020802A CN 105614103 A CN105614103 A CN 105614103A
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides fat powder for early-phase weaned piglets and relates to the field of animal feed. The fat powder is mainly prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 1.8 to 2.4 parts of an emulsifying agent, 45 to 55 parts of grease and 0.01 to 0.14 part of a digestion accelerant. The emulsifying agent comprises phospholipid and/or bile salt. The grease comprises one or more of rice oil, soybean oil, palm oil, lard oil, beef tallow and coconut oil. The digestion accelerant comprises lipase or/and L-carnitine. The fat powder is prepared by emulsifying the grease through the emulsifying agent; meanwhile, the digestion accelerant is added and the problem that the digestive ability of intestinal canals of the piglets is poor can be alleviated; the digestion and absorption on fat by the piglets can be improved, the absorption on nutrients by the piglets is improved and the rapid growth of the piglets is accelerated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of animal feed, specifically, it relates to a kind of fatty powder for early-weaned piglets and making method thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, the further mass-producing of Swine Production, standardization. In order to improve the reproductivity of sow, often piglet is taked early weaning, but, one period after early weaning is a dangerous phase concerning piglet, how to reduce this period piglet diarrhea rate, mortality ratio, thus keeping the health of whole swinery, it is to increase economic benefit, becomes scientific worker's problems faced and challenge.
Piglet growth is grown fast, but digestion organs, developing immune system are immature, and thermoregulation function is imperfect, it is easy to be subject to the impact of external environment. The food source of weanling pig is changed into solid particulate feed from breast milk, piglet easily produces ablactation stress, cause food consumption decline, growth-inhibiting, also can bring out the problems such as the reduction of enteron aisle weight, Villus atrophy, digestive enzyme activity decline, immunity function reduction, intestinal microecology system imbalance simultaneously. The ablactation stress of piglet annoyings vast Swine Production person always, and the ablactation stress how alleviating piglet is a problem being worth thinking.
Nutritious family proposes, it is to increase the energy level of weanling pig daily ration may be alleviated the ablactation stress of piglet, accelerates the growing of piglet, improve production benefit. Fat is most effective energy matter, and its energy is 2.25 times of the energy of carbohydrate and protein. Containing a large amount of fat in grease, fat as energy matter, but also can not only can promote the absorption of liposoluble vitamin, for body provides required lipid acid. There is no generally acknowledged interpolation adiposity at present, therefore, find the fat source that applicable early-weaned piglets enteron aisle digests, and to improve early-weaned piglets be the problem currently solved to the utilization ratio of fat.
Summary of the invention
First object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fatty powder for early-weaned piglets, improve early-weaned piglets to the utilization of fat, the energy supplementing early-weaned piglets is not enough, promotes piglet growth, improves piglet survival ratio, increases the production benefit of pig industry.
2nd object of the present invention is to provide its making method of a kind of above-mentioned fatty powder for early-weaned piglets, to realize the object preparing fatty powder simply, fast.
In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, by the following technical solutions:
For a fatty powder for early-weaned piglets, it is made primarily of following component, by weight,
Emulsifying agent 1.8��2.4 parts, grease 45��55 parts, digestive enhancers 0.01��0.14 part;
Described emulsifying agent comprises phosphatide, and/or bile salt;
Described grease comprises one or more in Rice oil, soybean oil, plam oil, lard, butter, Oleum Cocois;
Described digestive enhancers comprises lipase, or/and L-carnitine.
There is the illness such as serious villus shedding, intestinal mucosa lymphocytosis in the piglet small intestine of getting up early wean, causes the absorption to material object, digestion ability decline, and its food consumption also reduces greatly simultaneously, thus the problem causing piglet nutrition unbalance. And grease is as the food of a kind of high-energy, it is possible to for piglet provides abundant nutrition.
Emulsifier grease also forms drop particulate, expands the contact area between grease and digestive enhancers, thus is beneficial to digestive enhancers and plays a role to improve piglet to the absorption of fat, digestion. In addition, when feeding piglet, emulsifying agent makes fatty powder can form emulsified state, thus forms the height emulsified state of similar sow milk, is beneficial to searching for food of piglet.
Containing digestive enhancers in above-mentioned fatty powder, it is possible to promote the decomposition of grease, so that piglet is to the digestion of grease, absorption, the load of the digestive tube of piglet can be alleviated simultaneously, avoid fragile gi system to be damaged.
Lipase and L-carnitine can make up the defect of intestine of young pigs digestion ability difference. Lipase and other enzyme concerted catalysis are decomposed grease and are generated sugar, it is provided that growth energy. The lipase control digestion of lipid, absorption, reconstruction and lipoprotein metabolism. L-carnitine a kind of impels adipose conversion to be the amino acid of energy, and its main Physiological Function promotes that adipose conversion decomposes.
Preferably, described phosphatide comprises soybean lecithin, and described bile salt comprises Sodium cholic acid.
Soybean lecithin wide material sources, price be low, multiple grease is all had better emulsifying effect, it is possible to promotes that piglet is to the digestion of fat. Soybean lecithin is a kind of polarity fat, and it has more important effect in the Nutrition and Metabolism of animal, immunity etc. Soybean lecithin is except improving piglet to the absorption and digestion of fat, additionally it is possible to for piglet provides multiple beneficial composition, such as, lipid acid, choline etc., have certain promoter action to the immunological competence of piglet simultaneously. Bile salt can promote the emulsification of fat, is beneficial to digestion, the absorption of piglet. In addition, bile acide sodium is physiological function active substance, has anti-infectious function. Structure lipid, the fat tunicle of pathogenic agent are produced decomposition, scavenging(action) by the surfactant property of bile acide sodium, such that it is able to sterilization pathogenic agent, and then avoid intestine of young pigs infection, pathology.
Preferably, also comprise following component: by weight, coating agent 42��55 parts.
Coating agent parcel fatty ingredient, forms micro-powder of microcapsule structure. The fatty powder particle diameter of micro encapsulation is little, more easily mixes with other feeds so that the mixing of feed is more even. Fat is easily oxidized, causes it to go bad, and coating agent then can be isolated from the outside out, thus avoids the problem of its deterioration by oxidation. Coating agent has good hydrophilicity, and after piglet searches for food, fatty powder can dissolve fast in intestine of young pigs, and then digested, absorption.
Preferably, described coating agent comprises carbohydrate, and/or protein, described carbohydrate comprises one or more in lactose, dextrin and distortion starch, and described protein comprises one or more in whey-protein, casein, sodium-caseinate, gelatin, soybean protein and milk-protein.
Carbohydrate can provide, for piglet, the energy enriched. When piglet is not high to the utilization ratio of fat, carbohydrate reduces piglet to the dependence of fat so that it is energy derive is more extensive. The growth metabolism speed of piglet is very fast, and therefore, the consumption of proteinaceous substances is also very fast, utilizes protein can provide protein source for piglet as coating agent, supplements the protein lacked.
A making method for the above-mentioned fatty powder for early-weaned piglets, comprises the following steps:
Steps A, by described grease, described emulsifying agent, described digestive enhancers mixing, emulsification, obtains batch mixing;
Step B, by described batch mixing spraying dry, to obtain final product.
Above-mentioned making method can make fatty powder by mixing, emulsification, spraying dry three steps, and it is short that it has technical process, production efficiency advantages of higher.
Preferably, in described steps A, the method for described mixing is: described grease is heated to 50��60 DEG C, adds described emulsifying agent, described digestive enhancers at such a temperature in described grease.
On the one hand, heat treated promotes solid grease liquefaction, is convenient to mixing, emulsification; On the other hand, heating makes the thermal motion of grease and material molecule to be mixed strengthen, thus improves mobility, makes the intermiscibility between each material and mix degree to be improved. The activity of digestive enhancers is had impact by temperature, and the too high meeting of temperature causes digestive enhancers to be damaged, and then the quality of the product of the final preparation of impact. Being heated within the scope of said temperature by grease, then mix, it is to increase mixing uniformity, digestive enhancers has a higher activity simultaneously.
Preferably, in described steps A, when described emulsification, described batch mixing is mixed with coating agent, wherein, by weight, described grease 45��55 parts, described coating agent 42��55 parts, described coating agent comprises carbohydrate, or/and protein.
Coating agent makes grease and oxygen isolation, avoids grease and oxygen reaction, thus avoids the problem that grease prevents from going bad, is played a protective role by grease.
Preferably, described protein comprises milk-protein, and described carbohydrate comprises lactose.
Lactose and milk-protein can dissolve fast in intestine of young pigs, thus discharge grease, to carry out absorbing and digesting.
Lactose can provide higher energy for piglet, and milk-protein then can provide the multiple composition needed for amino acid and the piglet growth such as calcium, phosphorus. Lactose is easily digested, and for the probiotics in intestine of young pigs provides energy, the lactic acid that metabolism simultaneously produces can regulate the pH value in digestive tube, microecological balance in regulating intestinal canal.
Preferably, the method for described emulsification is: utilize mulser in the speed of 8000��12000r/min emulsified 10��30 minutes.
Mulser efficiently, fast by fully emulsified for each material. Emulsified at above-mentioned rotating speed, the even particle size distribution of the emulsion of formation, emulsification times are reduced.
Preferably, after described emulsification and before described spraying dry, also comprise: utilize high pressure homogenizer homogeneous under 20��50MPa, 60��80 DEG C of conditions.
Homogenization treatment makes material refinement, and material is heated and causes thermal motion to strengthen simultaneously, thus improves and contact with each other between material, mixes more abundant each material particulate and more easily mixes, and the stability of solution system increases. Under above-mentioned pressure effect, the effects such as mutual collision between each material particulate, shearing are stronger, and the particle diameter of material is less. Homogeneous at the temperature disclosed above, it is also possible to play certain germicidal action, avoids being mixed in product bacterium.
Preferably, the described spray-dired method in step B is: described spray-dired inlet temperature is 150��200 DEG C, and described spray-dired air outlet temperature is 70��100 DEG C.
Liquid can be dried and directly obtain powder by spraying dry fast, thus greatly reduces the flow process of follow-up powdered process, reduces difficulty and the preparation time of preparing fatty powder. Dry at the temperature disclosed above, the stability of grease and the degree of drying of material can be ensured.
The useful effect of the present invention:
(1) containing medium chain fatty acid, polyunsaturated fatty acid and saturated fatty acid in fatty powder, in the approximate breast milk of its composition, the composition of lipid acid, can improve piglet to its digestibility.
(2) use of emulsifying agent and digestive enhancers, it is possible to make up the problems such as piglet self pancreatic lipase activity is low, choleresis is not enough, thus improve the absorption to fat.
(3) processed by bag, fatty powder has into advantages such as water and molten, good fluidity, stable in properties, storage are convenient.
Embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention being described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but it will be understood to those of skill in the art that, the following example is only for illustration of the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. Unreceipted concrete condition person in embodiment, conveniently the condition of condition or manufacturers's suggestion carries out. Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, be and can buy, by commercially available, the conventional products obtained.
Embodiment one
Present embodiments provide a kind of fatty powder for early-weaned piglets, comprise following component: by weight,
Emulsifying agent 1.8 parts, grease 45 parts, digestive enhancers 0.01;
Emulsifying agent comprises soybean lecithin;
Grease comprises Rice oil;
Digestive enhancers comprises lipase.
The making method of above-mentioned fatty powder is as follows:
By Rice oil, soybean lecithin and lipase mixing, recycling mulser carries out emulsification 40 minutes under the rotating speed of 5000r/min, obtains emulsion, finally by spraying dry, emulsion is dried, spray-dired inlet temperature is 100 DEG C, and air outlet temperature is 60 DEG C.
Embodiment two
Present embodiments provide a kind of fatty powder for early-weaned piglets, comprise following component: by weight,
Emulsifying agent 2.4 parts, grease 55 parts, digestive enhancers 0.14 part;
Emulsifying agent comprises tween 80;
Grease comprises Oleum Cocois;
Digestive enhancers comprises L-carnitine.
The making method of above-mentioned fatty powder is as follows:
By Oleum Cocois, tween 80 and L-carnitine mixing, then carry out emulsification, obtain emulsion, finally by spraying dry, emulsion is dried.
Embodiment three
Present embodiments provide a kind of fatty powder for early-weaned piglets, comprise following component: by weight,
Emulsifying agent 2 parts, grease 50 parts, digestive enhancers 0.1 part;
Emulsifying agent comprises tween 80 and soybean lecithin;
Grease comprises plam oil, butter;
Digestive enhancers comprises L-carnitine and lipase.
The making method of above-mentioned fatty powder is as follows:
First, the mixing oil that plam oil and butter are formed is heated to 40 DEG C, adds tween 80 and soybean lecithin, lipase and L-carnitine at such a temperature, be then uniformly mixed formation mixed solution.
Secondly, utilize mulser, under the rotating speed of 8000r/min, mixed solution is carried out emulsification 28 minutes, obtain emulsion.
Finally, being dried by emulsion by spraying dry, spray-dired inlet temperature is 150 DEG C, and air outlet temperature is 70 DEG C.
Embodiment four
Present embodiments provide a kind of fatty powder for early-weaned piglets, comprise following component: by weight,
Emulsifying agent 2.2 parts, grease 46 parts, digestive enhancers 0.08 part, coating agent 42 parts;
Emulsifying agent comprises soybean lecithin;
Grease comprises lard;
Digestive enhancers comprises lipase;
Coating agent comprises lactose.
The making method of above-mentioned fatty powder is as follows:
First, lard is heated to 53 DEG C, it is uniformly mixed with soybean lecithin, lipase at such a temperature, obtains mixed solution.
Secondly, lactose is mixed with mixed solution, then with mulser at the rotating speed of 1000r/min emulsified 25 minutes, obtain emulsion.
Finally, being dried by emulsion by spraying dry, spray-dired inlet temperature is 180 DEG C, and air outlet temperature is 120 DEG C.
Embodiment five
Present embodiments provide a kind of fatty powder for early-weaned piglets, comprise following component: by weight,
Emulsifying agent 1.9 parts, grease 47 parts, digestive enhancers 0.06 part, coating agent 50 parts;
Emulsifying agent comprises soybean lecithin and bile acide sodium;
Grease comprises plam oil;
Digestive enhancers comprises lipase, L-carnitine;
Coating agent comprises milk-protein.
The making method of above-mentioned fatty powder is as follows:
First, plam oil is heated to 60 DEG C, mixes with soybean lecithin, bile acide sodium, L-carnitine, lipase at such a temperature, obtain mixed solution.
Secondly, milk-protein is mixed with mixed solution, utilize mulser at the rotating speed of 12000r/min emulsified 30 minutes, obtain emulsion.
Again, by emulsion by high-pressure homogeneous, obtaining homogenizing fluid, homogenization pressure is 20MPa, and homogenizing temperature is 60 DEG C.
Finally, by spraying dry, homogenizing fluid is dried, spray-dired inlet temperature is 200 DEG C, and air outlet temperature is 100 DEG C.
Embodiment six
Present embodiments provide a kind of fatty powder for early-weaned piglets, comprise following component: by weight,
Emulsifying agent 2.1 parts, grease 52 parts, digestive enhancers 0.12 part, coating agent 46 parts;
Emulsifying agent comprises soybean lecithin;
Grease comprises plam oil;
Digestive enhancers comprises lipase;
Coating agent comprises milk-protein.
The making method of above-mentioned fatty powder is as follows:
First, plam oil is heated to 58 DEG C, and then mixes with soybean lecithin, L-carnitine, lipase, obtain mixed solution.
Secondly, milk-protein, lactose are mixed with mixed solution, utilize mulser at the rotating speed of 9600r/min emulsified 28 minutes, obtain emulsion, obtain emulsion.
Again, by emulsion by high-pressure homogeneous, obtaining homogenizing fluid, homogenization pressure is 50MPa, and homogenizing temperature is 80 DEG C.
Finally, by spraying dry, homogenizing fluid is dried, spray-dired inlet temperature is 170 DEG C, and air outlet temperature is 110 DEG C.
Test example 1
Subjects: the wean three way cross piglet 72 (male and female half and half) of resource Asia-Pacific, Beijing Zhong Zhu company limited age on the 28th �� 3, the close 9.3 �� 0.5kg of body weight is as experimental animal.
Test period: 28 days.
Test method: piglet is divided into 3 treatment group at random, each treatment group has 6 repeated test unit, each test cell 4 piglets.
Piglet is carried out feeding by the feed that three treatment group mix with fatty substance and the Basic drawing of identical weight ratio. Wherein, treatment group 1 is the feed 1 that common soybeans oil and Basic drawing mix; Treatment group 2 is the feed 2 that expanded corn powder adsorptive type oil powder and Basic drawing mix; The feed 3 that the fatty powder of grain and the present invention's making mixes is raised based on treatment group 3. The fatty powder that the fatty powder that 6 repeated test unit in treatment group 3 adopt provides for the embodiment of the present invention 5.
Basic drawing needs design with reference to NRC (1998) pig nutrition. The combination of basal feed is as follows: be weight, corn 49%, secondary powder 5.0%, dregs of beans 26%, whey powder 3.0%, imported fish meal 5.0%, glucose 3.0%, compound lard 4.0%, Preblend 5.0%. The digestible energy of basal feed is 14.14MJ/Kg, and be weight, crude protein content is 19.05%, calcium 0.8%, phosphorus 0.5%, methionine(Met) 0.33%, Threonine 0.82%.
Feeding and management
Before test, pig house is carried out thorough disinfection, and clean hopper and tank, piglet is carried out routine immunization (newborn piglet suck the breast before and inject hog cholera lapinised virus freeze-drying seedling age on the 20th) and expelling parasite simultaneously. Test piglet free choice feeding and drinking-water, infrared(ray)lamp heat supply makes temperature in circle remain on (26 �� 3) DEG C.
3 index determinings
Start the same day and the morning of test end in test, in units of each repeated test unit, weigh pig weight on an empty stomach, weigh feed consumption rate simultaneously, calculate average head day weight gain and feed-weight ratio.
Between trial period, every day records diarrhoea piglet head number and time length, and diarrhoea is treated by piglet according to a conventional method. Diarrhea rate=total head number of days �� 100% of diarrhoea piglet head number of days/test pig
4 test-results
Test-results refers to table 2.
The average daily ingestion amount of table 2 each treatment group piglet, average daily gain and feed-weight ratio and diarrhea rate
As seen from the above table, use the fatty powder (treatment group 3) that the embodiment of the present invention 5 provides, than last heavy, the daily ingestion amount and the day weight gain that use common grease (treatment group 1) can increase piglet significantly, increasing degree is respectively 15.8%, 6.0% and 19.8%; And feed-weight ratio and the diarrhea rate of piglet can be reduced significantly, minimizing amplitude is respectively 11.0% and 11.8%. The fatty powder (treatment group 3) using the embodiment of the present invention 5 to provide can increase daily ingestion amount and the day weight gain of piglet significantly than certain analogous products of use (treatment group 2), and increasing degree is respectively 3.9% and 14.8%; And suitable reduction feed-weight ratio and diarrhea rate, minimizing amplitude is respectively 9.5% and 10.6%.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment of doing, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the fatty powder for early-weaned piglets, it is characterised in that, it is made primarily of following component: by weight,
Emulsifying agent 1.8��2.4 parts, grease 45��55 parts, digestive enhancers 0.01��0.14 part;
Described emulsifying agent comprises phosphatide, and/or bile salt;
Described grease comprises one or more in Rice oil, soybean oil, plam oil, lard, butter, Oleum Cocois;
Described digestive enhancers comprises lipase, or/and L-carnitine.
2. the fatty powder for early-weaned piglets according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, described phosphatide comprises soybean lecithin, and described bile salt comprises Sodium cholic acid.
3. the fatty powder for early-weaned piglets according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, also comprise following component: by weight, coating agent 42��55 parts.
4. the fatty powder for early-weaned piglets according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described coating agent comprises carbohydrate, and/or protein, described carbohydrate comprises one or more in lactose, dextrin and distortion starch, and described protein comprises one or more in whey-protein, casein, sodium-caseinate, gelatin, soybean protein and milk-protein.
5. the making method of the fatty powder for early-weaned piglets according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, comprise the following steps:
Steps A, by described grease, described emulsifying agent, described digestive enhancers mixing, emulsification, obtains batch mixing;
Step B, by described batch mixing spraying dry, to obtain final product.
6. the making method of the fatty powder for early-weaned piglets according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, in described steps A, the method for described mixing is: described grease is heated to 50��60 DEG C, adds described emulsifying agent, described digestive enhancers at such a temperature in described grease.
7. the making method of the fatty powder for early-weaned piglets according to claim 5, it is characterised in that, in described steps A, when described emulsification, described batch mixing is mixed with coating agent; Wherein, by weight, described grease 45��55 parts, described coating agent 42��55 parts, described coating agent comprises carbohydrate, or/and protein, it may be preferred that described protein comprises milk-protein, and described carbohydrate comprises lactose.
8. the making method of the fatty powder for early-weaned piglets according to claim 5, it is characterised in that, the method for described emulsification is: utilize mulser in the speed of 8000��12000r/min emulsified 10��30 minutes.
9. the making method of the fatty powder for early-weaned piglets according to claim 5, it is characterised in that, after described emulsification and before described spraying dry, also comprise: utilize high pressure homogenizer homogeneous under 20��50MPa, 60��80 DEG C of conditions.
10. the making method of the fatty powder for early-weaned piglets according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described spray-dired method in step B is: described spray-dired inlet temperature is 150��200 DEG C, and described spray-dired air outlet temperature is 70��100 DEG C.
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