CN105606919A - Simulation closed-loop test method for layered distributed wireless network of intelligent transformer station - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a simulation closed-loop test method for hierarchical distributed wireless networking of intelligent substations, and provides a simulation data processing control machine; the simulation data processing control machine adopts an implicit integral method to obtain the stable operation state of the power system and the time sequence of the fault dynamic process solution, the simulation model of the smart substation is simulated in the time domain, and the simulation data is transmitted to the first-level host connected to the simulation data processing control machine through the wireless network card; the first-level host is connected to the second-level host through a wireless bridge, and the first-level host and The secondary host is used for synchronous time service and data interaction between the simulation data processing control machine and the simulation terminal connected to the secondary host through the wireless bridge; the simulation data processing control machine passes through the preset state sequence, according to receiving the data uploaded by the simulation terminal Simulate the binary input or GOOSE state quantity, switch the corresponding state sequence to control the output data, and realize the closed-loop simulation test.

Description

A closed-loop test method for smart substation hierarchical distributed wireless networking simulation

technical field

The invention relates to system-level control and detection under distributed networking of intelligent substations, in particular to a simulation closed-loop testing method for layered distributed wireless networking of intelligent substations.

Background technique

With the expansion of the scope of smart substation systems and the development of decentralized control, system-level simulation testing has gradually become the development trend of smart substation debugging. The system-level simulation test first needs to synchronize the time among the distributed control nodes. There are generally two different types of applications in which time is used in systems: time-stamped applications and frequency-based applications. The purpose of time synchronization is to accurately transmit the time reference to each control point. The transmission is not difficult, but the difficulty in achieving is the accuracy of the transmission.

In order to realize the clock synchronization between different devices in the system, the current solutions mainly include two categories: wired and wireless. The wired mode is based on standard RJ45 or optical fiber Ethernet, and applies IEEE1588 Precision Time Protocol (PTP). Although the wired method can achieve us-level synchronization accuracy of different device clocks, it requires a lot of wiring before use, which brings inconvenience to large-scale and mobile use; there are currently two wireless methods. The first method uses wireless time synchronization combined with a high-precision constant temperature crystal oscillator mechanism. That is, before each simulation test, one-to-one wireless time pairing between the master and slave clocks is performed, and then the high-precision constant temperature crystal oscillator is used to keep time. This method has low synchronization accuracy and short sustainable time; method 2, each device is equipped with GPS, and the time is served by GPS, the synchronization cost is high, the installation is limited, and the usability is poor.

Wireless transmission provides convenience for large-scale distribution and mobile use. On the basis of meeting high-precision synchronization between different devices, the distributed simulation closed-loop test system based on wireless Ethernet applications is a good choice for system-level simulation testing of smart substations.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a smart substation layered distributed wireless networking simulation closed-loop testing method to overcome the defects in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a method for simulation closed-loop testing of intelligent substation layered distributed wireless networking, providing a simulation data processing control machine; the simulation data processing control machine adopts the implicit integration method to obtain power The time sequence solution of the stable running state of the system and the fault dynamic process, the time domain simulation is performed on the simulation model of the intelligent substation, and the simulation data is transmitted to the first-level host connected to the simulation data processing control machine through the wireless network card; the first-level The host is connected to the secondary host through a wireless bridge, the primary host and the secondary host are used for synchronous timing and the connection between the simulation data processing control machine and the simulation terminal connected to the secondary host via the wireless bridge The data interaction between; the simulation data processing control machine switches the corresponding state sequence to control the output data through the preset state sequence according to the analog binary input or GOOSE state quantity uploaded by the simulation terminal, so as to realize the closed-loop simulation test.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the simulation data processing control machine includes: a graphical modeling unit, a power system simulation unit, an analog waveform display unit, and a test control unit, and the modeling of the intelligent substation simulation platform, Time-domain simulation, simulation result waveform display and test process control; the graphical modeling unit includes a power system equipment model library for completing the modeling of smart substations, direct-connected lines and power supplies; the power system simulation unit is based on the The intelligent substation simulation model established by the graphical modeling unit establishes a differential equation group, determines the dynamic simulation process according to the preset fault object and time sequence, and completes the time domain simulation; the analog quantity waveform display unit displays the time of the analog quantity in the form of a waveform Domain simulation results; the test control unit supports test conditions and timing parameter settings, and completes the test control function.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the number of secondary hosts is set according to the number of substation voltage levels, and the intervals within the same voltage level form a three-level network.

In an embodiment of the present invention, both the first-level host and the second-level host are configured with a first Ethernet port and a second Ethernet port; the first-level host and the second-level host The Ethernet port publishes the IEEE1588PTP protocol message based on the MAC layer, and the corresponding slave machine receives the IEEE1588PTP protocol message, realizes IEEE1588 synchronous operation, and completes the clock synchronization between the corresponding master and slave machines; the first-level master and the second-level master After receiving the message from the corresponding host based on the socket communication TCP/IP protocol through the first Ethernet port, it is forwarded to the corresponding slave through the second Ethernet port, and the message is forwarded to the corresponding slave through the second Ethernet port. Receive the message sent from the corresponding slave, and forward it to the corresponding master through the first Ethernet port, so as to realize data transmission.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the master clocks in the primary host and the secondary host are provided with access rights to prevent illegal access from the outside and enhance anti-interference capabilities.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the emulation terminal adopts a hardware MAC address filtering strategy, and the MAC layer only receives syn, followup and resp messages from the corresponding master clock; the source MAC of the syn message received by the emulation terminal is The address, as the only MAC address allowed to pass through, generates a Hash table, and writes it into the PHY chip address filtering register in the emulation terminal, and the PHY chip performs MAC address filtering.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the simulation terminal includes a transformer simulation terminal and a switch simulation terminal;

The transformer simulation terminal is used to simulate the output of the transformer, wherein the electrical characteristics represented by the output signal are consistent with the real value of the primary side, and the definition of the output signal itself should be consistent with the output definition of the transformer;

The switch simulation terminal is used for simulating switches and simulating smart terminals; when simulating a switch, it receives a GOOSE tripping and closing signal from a subscription protection or measurement and control device, and when a tripping and closing behavior is detected, the corresponding tripping and closing The position signal is issued according to the GOOSE requirements of the simulation data processing control machine; when simulating the intelligent terminal, the received action command is converted into the corresponding DO and opened, and the DI is changed according to the simulation. The data processing control machine distributes GOOSE requirements for release.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: A smart substation layered distributed wireless networking simulation closed-loop test method proposed by the present invention fully satisfies the system under the application of distributed collection and control of electrical quantities in smart substations. Level closed-loop simulation test; adopts a three-level star wireless network architecture, which greatly adapts to the complex electromagnetic environment of smart substations; adopts wireless IEEE1588PTP synchronization, and the clock synchronization accuracy between different devices after synchronization is always maintained <=5us; synchronization frame The message and the data frame message share the same network, which realizes dual-use in one network. In addition, wireless transmission is adopted in the technical solution of the present invention, which provides convenience for large-scale distribution and mobile use; us-level high-precision synchronization can fully meet the requirements of smart substations for synchronous control and data transmission and reception of different devices; multicast communication and software and hardware Message filtering provides favorable conditions for the system support capability, and can be widely used in various electrical quantity simulations and system-level detections of power systems.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of layered distribution of a master-slave star network at all levels in a method for closed-loop simulation of a smart substation layered distributed wireless networking simulation according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of two master-slave clock modes of the same device implemented by a primary host, a secondary host, and an emulation terminal in the present invention.

detailed description

The technical solution of the present invention will be specifically described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The present invention provides a simulated closed-loop test method for hierarchical distributed wireless networking of smart substations. As shown in FIG. 1 , a simulated data processing control machine is provided. In this embodiment, a simulated data processing and control PC is used. Embedded system technology (lower computer) + PC (upper computer) is distributed in a three-level star network. The PC is connected to the first-level host of the system through a wireless network card. The lower computer includes primary and secondary hosts, transformer (including MU) simulation terminals, and switch (including intelligent terminals) simulation terminals. They are connected through wireless bridges, but the devices in the same layer network do not exchange data with each other.

The simulation data processing control machine adopts the implicit integral method to obtain the stable operation state of the power system and the time series solution of the fault dynamic process, performs time domain simulation on the simulation model of the intelligent substation, and transmits the simulation data to the control machine through the wireless network card and the simulation data processing The connected first-level host; the first-level host is connected to the second-level host through a wireless bridge, and the first-level host and the second-level host are used for synchronous timing and simulation data processing between the control machine and the simulation terminal connected to the second-level host through a wireless bridge Data interaction among them; the simulation data processing control machine switches the corresponding state sequence to control the output data through the preset state sequence, according to the analog binary input or GOOSE state quantity uploaded by the simulation terminal, and realizes the closed-loop simulation test.

Further, in this embodiment, implicit solution and explicit solution are two solution methods in ansys. The digital simulation of the electromagnetic transient process is to use the numerical calculation method to simulate the electromagnetic transient process in the power system from a few microseconds to a few seconds. The electromagnetic transient process simulation must consider the distribution parameter characteristics of the transmission line and the frequency characteristics of the parameters, the electromagnetic and electromechanical transient process of the generator, and the nonlinear characteristics of a series of components (arresters, transformers, reactors, etc.), so the electromagnetic transient simulation The data models for these components and systems must be built from algebraic or differential or partial differential equations. The commonly used numerical integration method is the implicit integration method.

Further, in this embodiment, the simulation data processing control machine includes: a graphical modeling unit, a power system simulation unit, an analog waveform display unit, and a test control unit, and the modeling of the intelligent substation simulation platform, the time Domain simulation, simulation result waveform display, and test process control; the graphical modeling unit includes a power system equipment model library, which is used to complete the modeling of smart substations, direct-connected lines, and power supplies; the power system simulation unit is established based on the graphical modeling unit The simulation model of intelligent substation establishes differential equations, determines the dynamic simulation process according to the preset fault object and time sequence, and completes the time domain simulation; the analog waveform display unit displays the time domain simulation results of the analog quantity in the form of waveform; the test control unit supports the test Conditions and timing parameters are set to complete the test control function. Further, the digital simulation software is installed on the PC, which is composed of graphical modeling software, power system simulation software, analog waveform display software and test control software, and completes the simulation platform modeling of smart substations, time-domain simulation, and waveform analysis of simulation results. Display and test process control, display the time when the opening and closing commands of the "smart operation box" detected by the "switch simulator" occur. The functions of each part are as follows:

Graphical modeling software: including power system equipment model library, complete the modeling of smart substations, direct-connected lines, and power sources.

Power system simulation software: establish a differential equation group based on the intelligent substation simulation model established by the "graphical modeling software", determine the dynamic simulation process according to the set fault object and time sequence, and complete the time domain simulation.

Analog waveform display software: Auxiliary analysis software for simulation results. Display the time-domain simulation results of analog quantities in the form of waveforms.

Test control software: supports test conditions and timing parameter settings, and completes test control functions.

When it is detected that each simulation terminal has been synchronized, the current absolute time of the terminal is read, and the start command is sent after a delay of 5S. The test is divided into two types: transient state and steady state. The transient state can realize the extension of the data length through the form of front extension and back extension.

Further, in this embodiment, the number of secondary hosts is set according to the number of substation voltage levels, and the intervals within the same voltage level form a three-level network. The system adopts a three-level star network distribution, the host is a first-level network, and the number of second-level hosts is divided according to the number of substation voltage levels to form a second-level network, and the intervals within the same voltage level form a third-level network. This network architecture is a powerful measure to improve the quality of wireless transmission as much as possible and ensure clock synchronization between different simulation terminals on the basis of fully considering the characteristics of on-site installation of distributed terminals in smart substations.

Further, in this embodiment, the primary and secondary hosts are also the primary and secondary master clocks, which not only undertake the function of synchronous timing, but also are responsible for data interaction between the PC host computer and the emulation terminal. Both the first-level host and the second-level host are equipped with the first Ethernet port and the second Ethernet port; the first-level host and the second-level host use their own crystal oscillator maintenance time to publish IEEE1588PTP protocol messages based on the MAC layer through the first Ethernet port , the corresponding slave receives the IEEE1588PTP protocol message, implements IEEE1588 synchronous operation, and completes the clock synchronization between the corresponding master and slave. After the first-level host and the second-level host receive the message from the corresponding host based on the socket communication TCP/IP protocol through the first Ethernet port, they forward it to the corresponding slave through the second Ethernet port, and send it to the corresponding slave through the second Ethernet port. The port receives the message sent from the corresponding slave, and forwards it to the corresponding master through the first Ethernet port to realize data transmission. The slave machine receives the TCP/IP protocol message, and completes the data question-and-answer interaction between the simulated PC and the simulated terminal. Among them, since the second-level host is the slave of the first-level host and the host of the emulation terminal, after synchronizing with the upper-level host, it issues a synchronization message, and sets the source MAC address in the received delay_req message to The MAC address that is allowed to pass is added to the address filter register through the Hash algorithm, so that the emulation terminal follows the host clock. The master clocks in the first-level host and the second-level host have access rights to prevent illegal access from the outside and enhance anti-interference capabilities.

In this embodiment, the IEEE1588 precision time protocol (PTP) of the MAC layer multicast technology of the primary and secondary master clocks and the slave clocks and the TCP/IP protocol frame based on socket communication are transmitted in real time on a common network, ensuring that the slave clocks follow the master clock throughout the process frequency changes. The application of MAC layer multicast technology makes it only necessary to send syn and followup messages once for each synchronization between the master and all slaves under its jurisdiction, which reduces the time spent on synchronization. The real-time transmission of TCP/IP protocol frames in the common network provides favorable conditions. Because the IEEE1588 Precision Time Protocol (PTP) participates in the whole process, it is guaranteed that the slave clock always follows the frequency change of the master clock. The data of the TCP/IP protocol runs through up and down, but the IEEE1588PTP protocol is only passed between adjacent layers.

Further, in this embodiment, the emulation terminal adopts a hardware MAC address filtering strategy. On the basis of not increasing the CPU burden, the MAC layer only receives syn, followup and resp messages from the corresponding main clock; the emulation terminal will receive The source MAC address of the syn message, as the only MAC address allowed to pass, generates a Hash table, and writes it into the PHY chip address filtering register in the emulation terminal, and the PHY chip performs MAC address filtering.

Further, in this embodiment, the simulation terminal includes a transformer (including MU) simulation terminal and a switch (smart terminal) simulation terminal.

The transformer simulation terminal is used to simulate the output of the transformer, in which the electrical characteristics represented by the output signal are consistent with the real value of the primary side, which is supported by electromagnetic transient simulation; the definition of the output signal itself should be consistent with the output definition of the transformer, This includes the definition of signaling standards and protocol matching.

The switch simulation terminal is used for simulating switches and simulating smart terminals; when simulating a switch, it receives the GOOSE tripping and closing signal from the subscription protection or measurement and control device, and when a tripping and closing behavior is detected, the corresponding tripping and closing position signal Release according to the GOOSE requirements of the simulation data processing control machine; when simulating the intelligent terminal, convert the received action command into the corresponding DO and issue it, and at the same time change the position of the connected DI, and distribute it according to the simulation data processing control machine GOOSE asked for posting.

In this embodiment, the acquisition simulator in the transformer simulation terminal simulates the real output of the transformer. For traditional electromagnetic transformers, since the output is analog, the acquisition simulator needs to use a power amplifier output. The voltage rating corresponds to 57.7V of the power amplifier output voltage. For substations below 220kV, the rated current value corresponds to 5A output by the power amplifier, and for substations above 500kV, the rated current value corresponds to 1A output by the power amplifier. For electronic transformers, the transformer and the merging unit are usually provided by one manufacturer during on-site application. Data transmission is carried out between the two according to a certain communication protocol. Since the power grid company has not standardized a unified standard, the current communication protocols are customized by each manufacturer, and it is difficult to be compatible with each other. In order to make the acquisition simulator adapt to the data interface of the merging units of different manufacturers, the only feasible method is to take into account the protocols of each manufacturer and form a special protocol adaptation unit, which is selected by the software platform on site.

After the emulation terminal is synchronized, obtain the absolute time in the system and the beat consistent with the host. When the simulation PC sends the configuration data, the simulation terminal generates real-time simulation data through interpolation or calculation according to the two forms of transient state and steady state. When a control command is received, the current time is compared with the control start or stop time, and the start/stop is executed in whole seconds.

In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, the first-level host, the second-level host, and the emulation terminal all use the combination of DP83640+FPGA+constant-temperature crystal oscillator to realize that the same device can work in two modes of master-slave clock. Use DP83640 to receive Ethernet data from the wireless bridge, and enable IEEE1588 message recognition technology to implement IEEE1588 Precision Time Protocol (PTP) for timestamping at the PHY layer. The FPGA controls the DP83640 to output the Trigger pulse signal every second, and the FPGA detects the rising edge of the pulse signal in real time. According to the frequency of the connected constant temperature crystal oscillator, the FPGA is conditioned and then frequency-divided to output as the DP83640 working crystal oscillator. The Ethernet data organized by FPGA is output by DP83640. As the controller of DP83640, FPGA configures the working mode of DP83640 during initialization, enables IEEE1588 message identification and automatically adds the function of message sending and arrival time stamp, and judges the rising edge of the pulse in real time, and obtains two pulses by reading the counter driven by the constant temperature crystal oscillator Rising edge interval count. Read the DP83640 time register to obtain the absolute time of the wireless system. As a microprocessor, FPGA takes the source MAC address in the received syn message as the only MAC address allowed to pass through, is responsible for the encoding and decoding service of Ethernet message data, runs the wireless IEEE1588 synchronization algorithm, sets the DP83640 frequency register, and realizes the clock frequency correction. Set the DP83640 time register to achieve master-slave clock phase correction. After judging the synchronization, control the Trigger pulse and absolute time output. After synchronization, once the loss of the synchronization message is detected, the FPGA will switch to the timing logic to maintain the us-level synchronization accuracy of not less than ten minutes. The FPGA recognizes the current working mode by reading the fixed value, so that the same device can work in two modes of master and slave clocks.

The simulation terminal provides the protocol conversion function, and the switch simulation and transformer (including MU) processing methods are as follows.

(1) After each sampling period arrives, the acquisition simulator in the transformer simulation terminal sends a synchronous pulse to the FPGA, instructing the FPGA to send the collector data of a sampling point (or receive DI, send DO), and at the same time communicate with the FPGA on-chip Dual-port RAM for a data exchange.

(2) FPGA on-chip dual-port RAM is divided into RAM area 1 and RAM area 2. Ping-pong operation is adopted. The data interaction of each acquisition simulator is different from the data processing operation of FPGA itself. The RAM area is automatically alternated after the operation is completed.

(3) After receiving the synchronization pulse of the acquisition simulator each time, the FPGA writes all the collector data to be sent at this point into the sending buffer of each collector serially (or writes the DO to be sent into the sending buffer in serial and sends it from the receiving The buffer is serially read into DI), and after all buffer data operations are completed, the FPGA sends the buffer data synchronously and in parallel. The delay between FPGA receiving the synchronization pulse of the peripheral system and sending the data of each collector in parallel is fixed and can be calculated accurately.

The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes made according to the technical solution of the present invention, when the functional effect produced does not exceed the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. an intelligent substation layered distribution type wireless networking emulation closed loop test method, is characterized in that, an emulation is providedData processing and control machine; Described emulated data is processed controller and is adopted implicit integration algorithm to obtain the steady operational status of power systemAnd the sequential solution of fault dynamic process, intelligent substation simulation model is carried out to time-domain-simulation, and emulated data is sent toProcess with described emulated data the one-level main frame that controller is connected by wireless network card; Described one-level main frame by wireless bridge withSecondary main frame is connected, and described one-level main frame and described secondary main frame are processed control for synchronous time service and described emulated dataData interaction between machine and the emulation terminal being connected through wireless bridge and described secondary main frame; Described emulated data is processed and is controlledMachine, by preset state sequence, according to receiving simulation intake or the GOOSE quantity of state uploaded through described emulation terminal, switchesCorresponding state sequence control output data, realize closed loop emulation testing.

2. a kind of intelligent substation layered distribution type wireless networking emulation closed loop test method according to claim 1, itsBe characterised in that, described emulated data is processed controller and is comprised: graphical modeling unit, electric system simulation unit, analog quantity rippleShape display unit and controlling test unit, and by said units complete the modeling of intelligent substation emulation platform, time-domain-simulation,Simulation result waveform shows and process of the test control; Described graphical modeling unit comprises power system device model library, usesIn the modeling that completes intelligent substation, direct-connected circuit and power supply; Described electric system simulation unit is graphically built according to describedThe intelligent substation Building of Simulation Model differential equation group that form unit is set up, determines moving according to default fault object and sequentialState simulation process, completes time-domain-simulation; Described analog quantity waveform display unit is with the time-domain-simulation of waveform mode display simulation amountResult; Described controlling test unit supportive test condition and time sequence parameter setting, complete controlling test function.

3. a kind of intelligent substation layered distribution type wireless networking emulation closed loop test method according to claim 1, itsBe characterised in that, the number of described secondary main frame sets up separately according to transformer substation voltage grade quantity correspondence, and same electric pressureInterior interval forms three-level network.

4. a kind of intelligent substation layered distribution type wireless networking emulation closed loop test method according to claim 1, itsBe characterised in that, described one-level main frame and described secondary main frame all dispose the first ethernet port and the second ethernet sideMouthful; Described one-level main frame and described secondary main frame are issued the IEEE1588 based on MAC layer through described the first ethernet portPTP protocol massages, corresponding slave receives IEEE1588PTP protocol massages, realizes IEEE1588 simultaneously operating, completes correspondenceClock synchronous between slave; Described one-level main frame and described secondary main frame receive and arrive through described the first ethernet portAfter ICP/IP protocol downward message from respective hosts based on socket communication, be transmitted to correspondence through described the second ethernet portSlave, and the literary composition of delivering newspaper on described the second ethernet port receives from corresponding slave, and through described the first ethernet portBe transmitted to respective hosts, realize data transmission.

5. a kind of intelligent substation layered distribution type wireless networking emulation closed loop test method according to claim 4, itsBe characterised in that, the master clock in described one-level main frame and described secondary main frame is provided with access rights, prevents extraneous illegal visitAsk, strengthen antijamming capability.

6. a kind of intelligent substation layered distribution type wireless networking emulation closed loop test method according to claim 1, itsBe characterised in that, described emulation terminal adopts hardware mac address filtering policy, MAC layer only receive from the syn of corresponding master clock,Followup and resp message; Described emulation terminal is by the source MAC of the syn message receiving, logical as unique permissionThe MAC Address of crossing, generates Hash table, and writes PHY chip address filtration register in described emulation terminal, is entered by PHY chipRow mac address filter.

7. a kind of intelligent substation layered distribution type wireless networking emulation closed loop test method according to claim 6, itsBe characterised in that, described emulation terminal comprises transformer emulation terminal and switch emulation terminal;

Described transformer emulation terminal is used for simulating transformer output, wherein, the electrical characteristic that output signal characterizes with onceSide actual value is consistent, and self defining of output signal should be consistent with transformer output definition;

Described switch emulation terminal is for analog switch and simulated intelligence terminal; In the time of analog switch, receive from subscribing to and protectProtect or the GOOSE breaker tripping and closing signal of measure and control device, and in the time breaker tripping and closing behavior having been detected, by corresponding breaker tripping and closing position signallingProcessing controller allocation GOOSE according to described emulated data requires to issue; In the time of simulated intelligence terminal, moving by what receiveBe converted into corresponding DO do instruction and output, simultaneously by the DI displacement of access, process controller according to described emulated data and allotGOOSE requires to issue.