CN105605143A - Dual-mode vacuum adjustable semi-active hydraulic suspension - Google Patents
Dual-mode vacuum adjustable semi-active hydraulic suspension Download PDFInfo
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- CN105605143A CN105605143A CN201610100000.8A CN201610100000A CN105605143A CN 105605143 A CN105605143 A CN 105605143A CN 201610100000 A CN201610100000 A CN 201610100000A CN 105605143 A CN105605143 A CN 105605143A
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/34—Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/36—Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combined Devices Of Dampers And Springs (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种双模式真空可调式半主动液压悬置,包括顶端开口的壳体、设置并封堵于壳体顶端开口处的橡胶主簧、设置在橡胶主簧上的加强块、与加强块固定连接的上连接螺栓和设置于壳体内侧底部的橡胶底膜,所述壳体内侧靠近顶部的位置设置有橡胶顶膜,所述橡胶主簧与橡胶顶膜之间形成空气腔,所述橡胶顶膜与橡胶底膜之间形成密闭且充满乙二醇液体的腔室,所述腔室内设置有将腔室分为上室体与下室体的隔板,所述隔板内设置有连通上室体与下室体的惯性通道,还包括设置在壳体外且通过气流通道与空气腔连通的真空阀。该悬置,具有结构简单、稳定性好、能耗低及隔振效果好的优点。
The invention discloses a dual-mode vacuum adjustable semi-active hydraulic mount, which comprises a casing with an open top, a rubber main spring arranged and blocked at the top opening of the casing, a reinforcing block arranged on the rubber main spring, and The upper connecting bolts fixedly connected to the reinforcing block and the rubber bottom film arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the housing, the inner side of the housing near the top is provided with a rubber top film, an air cavity is formed between the rubber main spring and the rubber top film, A chamber that is airtight and filled with ethylene glycol liquid is formed between the rubber top film and the rubber bottom film. A partition that divides the chamber into an upper chamber body and a lower chamber body is arranged in the chamber. There is an inertia passage connecting the upper chamber body and the lower chamber body, and a vacuum valve arranged outside the casing and communicating with the air cavity through the airflow passage. The mount has the advantages of simple structure, good stability, low energy consumption and good vibration isolation effect.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及隔振装置,具体涉及一种双模式真空可调式半主动液压悬置。The invention relates to a vibration isolation device, in particular to a double-mode vacuum adjustable semi-active hydraulic mount.
背景技术Background technique
随着人们对汽车舒适性能所要求的越来越高的要求,汽车的NVH(Noise,VibrationandHarshness)性能受到了广泛的关注。为提高汽车的减振降噪性能,半主动悬置技术正在逐步应用于中高级轿车和SUV上。半主动悬置主要可分为结构参数调节式和性能参数调节式两大类。常见的电流变和磁流变悬置都属于性能参数调节式半主动悬置,这种悬置由于液体性能不稳定,成本高,未得到广泛应用。而结构参数调节式半主动悬置由于其成本相对较低,且稳定性好,宽频带隔振性能优良而得到广泛应用。With people's higher and higher requirements for the comfort performance of automobiles, the NVH (Noise, Vibration and Harshness) performance of automobiles has received extensive attention. In order to improve the vibration and noise reduction performance of automobiles, semi-active suspension technology is being gradually applied to mid-to-high-end cars and SUVs. Semi-active mounts can be mainly divided into two categories: structure parameter adjustment type and performance parameter adjustment type. Common electrorheological and magnetorheological mounts are semi-active mounts with adjustable performance parameters, which have not been widely used due to unstable liquid performance and high cost. The structural parameter adjustable semi-active mount has been widely used because of its relatively low cost, good stability, and excellent broadband vibration isolation performance.
结构参数调节式半主动悬置是在原有液压悬置的基础上,通过增加可调节结构参数的装置,实现两个或多个模式的可切换,从而实现悬置动特性的改变。液压悬置中的液体通过惯性通道等节流装置在上下液室来回震荡运动,从而实现振动能量的衰减。节流装置中液柱的无阻尼共振频率可表示为:其中,K1为上液室体积刚度(N/m5),A为节流通道截面积(m2),l为节流通道长度(m),ρ为液体密度(kg/m3)。由此可见,液压悬置的可调参数有四个,电流变和磁流变悬置是通过改变液体密度实现悬置的性能改变,而结构参数控制式半主动悬置可以通过调节惯性通道参数(A和l)或上液室体体积刚度实现。Structural parameter adjustable semi-active mount is based on the original hydraulic mount, by adding a device with adjustable structural parameters, two or more modes can be switched, so as to realize the change of the dynamic characteristics of the mount. The liquid in the hydraulic mount oscillates back and forth in the upper and lower liquid chambers through inertial passages and other throttling devices, so as to attenuate the vibration energy. The undamped resonance frequency of the liquid column in the throttling device can be expressed as: Among them, K 1 is the volume stiffness of the upper liquid chamber (N/m5), A is the cross-sectional area of the throttle channel (m2), l is the length of the throttle channel (m), and ρ is the liquid density (kg/m3). It can be seen that there are four adjustable parameters of the hydraulic mount. The electrorheological and magnetorheological mounts change the performance of the mount by changing the liquid density, while the semi-active mount controlled by structural parameters can adjust the parameters of the inertial channel (A and l) or upper body bulk stiffness achieved.
调节上液室体积刚度以实现悬置性能的调节是较易实现的一种方式,目前调节上液室体体积刚度的方式存在调节范围有限、成本较高、稳定性较差及耗能较大等弊端。Adjusting the volume stiffness of the upper liquid chamber to achieve the adjustment of the suspension performance is an easier way to achieve. The current method of adjusting the volume stiffness of the upper liquid chamber has a limited adjustment range, high cost, poor stability and high energy consumption. and other disadvantages.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此,本发明的目的是提供一种双模式真空可调式半主动液压悬置,使其具有结构简单、稳定性好、能耗低及隔振效果好的优点。In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a dual-mode vacuum adjustable semi-active hydraulic mount, which has the advantages of simple structure, good stability, low energy consumption and good vibration isolation effect.
本发明通过以下技术手段解决上述问题:一种双模式真空可调式半主动液压悬置,包括顶端开口的壳体、设置并封堵于壳体顶端开口处的橡胶主簧、设置在橡胶主簧上的加强块、与加强块固定连接的上连接螺栓和设置于壳体内侧底部的橡胶底膜,所述壳体包括通过螺栓连接的上壳体和下壳体,所述壳体内侧靠近顶部的位置设置有橡胶顶膜,所述橡胶主簧与橡胶顶膜之间形成空气腔,所述橡胶顶膜与橡胶底膜之间形成密闭且充满乙二醇液体的腔室,所述腔室内设置有将腔室分为上室体与下室体的隔板,所述隔板内设置有连通上室体与下室体的惯性通道,还包括设置在壳体外且通过气流通道与空气腔连通的真空阀。The present invention solves the above problems through the following technical means: a dual-mode vacuum adjustable semi-active hydraulic mount, which includes a shell with an open top, a rubber main spring set and blocked at the top opening of the shell, and a rubber main spring set at the top opening of the shell. The upper reinforcing block, the upper connecting bolts fixedly connected with the reinforcing block and the rubber bottom film arranged on the inner bottom of the housing, the housing includes an upper housing and a lower housing connected by bolts, and the inner side of the housing is close to the top A rubber top film is provided at the position, an air cavity is formed between the rubber main spring and the rubber top film, and a closed chamber filled with ethylene glycol liquid is formed between the rubber top film and the rubber bottom film. There is a partition that divides the chamber into an upper chamber body and a lower chamber body. The partition board is provided with an inertial passage connecting the upper chamber body and the lower chamber body. Connected vacuum valve.
进一步,所述隔板包括上板体与下板体,所述隔板中部开有凹槽,凹槽内放置带有节流孔的解耦盘,上板体和下板体上均开设了与节流孔位置相错的惯性通道。Further, the baffle includes an upper plate and a lower plate, a groove is opened in the middle of the baffle, and a decoupling disc with a throttling hole is placed in the groove, and the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with Inertia channel offset from orifice location.
进一步,所述真空阀与发动机的进气歧管连通。Further, the vacuum valve communicates with the intake manifold of the engine.
进一步,所述上壳体和下壳体的内侧面各设有一个台阶面,所述上板体将橡胶顶膜的两端压紧在上壳体的台阶面上,所述下板体将橡胶底膜的两端压紧在下壳体的台阶面上。Further, the inner surfaces of the upper shell and the lower shell are each provided with a stepped surface, and the upper plate presses the two ends of the rubber top film against the stepped surface of the upper shell, and the lower plate presses The two ends of the rubber base film are pressed against the stepped surface of the lower casing.
进一步,所述上壳体与下壳体、上壳体与上板体及下壳体与下板体的配合面上均设置有密封圈。Further, sealing rings are provided on the mating surfaces of the upper case and the lower case, the upper case and the upper plate, and the lower case and the lower plate.
进一步,所述下壳体上设置有排气孔。Further, the lower casing is provided with vent holes.
进一步,所述下壳体上设置有下连接螺栓。Further, the lower casing is provided with lower connecting bolts.
进一步,所述气流通道沿竖直方向贯穿加强块及橡胶主簧。Further, the air flow channel runs through the reinforcing block and the rubber main spring along the vertical direction.
本发明的有益效果:Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1)本发明的悬置装置,具有结构简单、紧凑、可靠性高、稳定性好、能耗低的优点,同时,通过真空阀调节空气腔内的真空度,进而改变橡胶主簧与上室体的接触状态,最终实现悬置动特性的改变,已达到调整输出阻尼力及刚度的目的,有效拓宽了隔振频率范围、提升了隔振效果。1) The suspension device of the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, compactness, high reliability, good stability, and low energy consumption. Finally, the dynamic characteristics of the suspension can be changed, and the purpose of adjusting the output damping force and stiffness has been achieved, which effectively broadens the vibration isolation frequency range and improves the vibration isolation effect.
2)空气腔的真空度通过真空阀调控,真空阀是利用发动机的进气歧管产生的负压,不需要附加电磁阀等耗能装置,这些结构设计都进一步降低了能耗。2) The vacuum degree of the air cavity is regulated by the vacuum valve, which uses the negative pressure generated by the intake manifold of the engine, and does not require additional energy-consuming devices such as solenoid valves. These structural designs further reduce energy consumption.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步描述。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
图1为本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下将结合附图对本发明进行详细说明。如图1所示,本发明的双模式真空可调式半主动液压悬置,包括顶端开口的壳体、设置并封堵于壳体顶端开口处的橡胶主簧2、设置在橡胶主簧上的加强块3、与加强块固定连接的上连接螺栓4和设置于壳体内侧底部的橡胶底膜5,所述壳体包括通过螺栓连接的上壳体1a和下壳体1b,橡胶主簧与上壳体及橡胶主簧与加强块之间均通过流化工艺固定,所述加强块、上壳体及下壳体均由铝合金制成,所述下壳体上设置有下连接螺栓17,上、下连接螺栓的设置提高了安装的便利性,所述壳体内侧靠近顶部的位置设置有橡胶顶膜6,所述橡胶主簧与橡胶顶膜之间形成空气腔7,所述橡胶顶膜与橡胶底膜之间形成密闭且充满乙二醇液体的腔室,所述腔室内设置有将腔室分为上室体8a与下室体8b的隔板,所示隔板包括上板体9a与下板体9b,所述上壳体和下壳体的内侧面各设有一个台阶面,所述上板体将橡胶顶膜的两端压紧在上壳体的台阶面上,所述下板体将橡胶底膜的两端压紧在下壳体的台阶面上,所述下壳体上设置有排气孔16,排气孔连通壳体外部及由橡胶底膜及下壳体内腔围成的区域,以便平衡气压,使橡胶底膜可以自由变形,所述隔板内设置有连通上室体与下室体的惯性通道10,还包括设置在壳体外且通过气流通道11与空气腔连通的真空阀12,具体的,所述气流通道沿竖直方向贯穿加强块及橡胶主簧,这样便于安装,所述真空阀与发动机的进气歧管连通,通过发动机电控单元进行控制,由进气歧管使真空阀产生负压,通过真空阀调控空气腔内的真空度,有利于降低能耗。该结构的悬置装置,具有结构简单、紧凑、可靠性高、稳定性好、能耗低的优点,使用过程中,发动机振动通过上、下连接螺栓传递至悬置,同时,通过真空阀调节空气腔内的真空度,进而改变橡胶主簧与上室体的接触状态,最终实现悬置动特性的改变,已达到调整输出阻尼力及刚度的目的,有效拓宽了隔振频率范围、提升了隔振效果。具体的,根据振动强度,真空阀调控空气腔内的真空度,使空气腔收缩或膨胀,进而改变橡胶主簧与上室体之间的间隙,从而调节橡胶主簧的激励传递至上室体的程度,举例来说,当汽车发动机处于怠速工况或者汽车处于中高速巡航工况时,汽车发动机电控单元控制真空阀,使之关闭,橡胶主簧的激励无法直接传递到上室体,此时悬置具有小刚度小阻尼特性,可有效抑制发动机怠速抖动或衰减高频空腔空鸣噪声,提高汽车的舒适性;当汽车处于启动工况,急加速工况或通过不平路面等冲击工况时,汽车发动机电控单元控制真空阀,使之开启,橡胶主簧的激励可直接传递至上室体,此时悬置具有大刚度大阻尼特性,可可靠衰减振动,抑制过大的位移,防止发动机突破限位,从而保证支撑的有效。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. As shown in Figure 1, the dual-mode vacuum adjustable semi-active hydraulic mount of the present invention includes a shell with an open top, a rubber main spring 2 arranged and blocked at the top opening of the shell, and a rubber main spring 2 arranged on the rubber main spring. The reinforcement block 3, the upper connecting bolt 4 fixedly connected with the reinforcement block and the rubber base film 5 arranged at the inner bottom of the casing, the casing includes an upper casing 1a and a lower casing 1b connected by bolts, and the rubber main spring and The upper shell, the rubber main spring and the reinforcing block are all fixed by a fluidization process. The reinforcing block, the upper shell and the lower shell are all made of aluminum alloy, and the lower shell is provided with a lower connecting bolt 17 , the setting of the upper and lower connecting bolts improves the convenience of installation, and the inside of the housing near the top is provided with a rubber top film 6, an air cavity 7 is formed between the rubber main spring and the rubber top film, and the rubber A chamber that is airtight and filled with ethylene glycol liquid is formed between the top film and the rubber bottom film, and a partition that divides the chamber into an upper chamber body 8a and a lower chamber body 8b is arranged in the chamber, and the partition board shown includes an upper Plate body 9a and lower plate body 9b, the inner surfaces of the upper shell and the lower shell are respectively provided with a stepped surface, and the upper plate presses the two ends of the rubber top film on the stepped surface of the upper shell , the lower plate body presses the two ends of the rubber bottom film on the step surface of the lower casing, and the lower casing is provided with a vent hole 16, and the vent hole communicates with the outside of the casing and is formed by the rubber bottom film and the lower casing. The area surrounded by the inner cavity of the housing is used to balance the air pressure so that the rubber bottom film can be deformed freely. The inertial passage 10 connecting the upper chamber body and the lower chamber body is arranged in the partition, and it also includes an air passage arranged outside the housing and passing through the airflow passage. 11 Vacuum valve 12 communicating with the air cavity. Specifically, the air flow channel runs through the reinforcement block and the rubber main spring in the vertical direction, which is convenient for installation. The vacuum valve communicates with the intake manifold of the engine, and is electronically controlled by the engine Controlled by the unit, the vacuum valve generates negative pressure through the intake manifold, and the vacuum degree in the air cavity is regulated by the vacuum valve, which is beneficial to reduce energy consumption. The suspension device of this structure has the advantages of simple structure, compactness, high reliability, good stability, and low energy consumption. During use, the vibration of the engine is transmitted to the suspension through the upper and lower connecting bolts. The vacuum degree in the air cavity changes the contact state between the rubber main spring and the upper chamber body, and finally realizes the change of the dynamic characteristics of the suspension, which has achieved the purpose of adjusting the output damping force and stiffness, effectively widening the vibration isolation frequency range and improving vibration isolation effect. Specifically, according to the vibration intensity, the vacuum valve regulates the degree of vacuum in the air chamber, causing the air chamber to shrink or expand, thereby changing the gap between the rubber main spring and the upper chamber body, thereby adjusting the excitation of the rubber main spring to the upper chamber body. For example, when the automobile engine is in the idling condition or the automobile is in the medium-high speed cruising condition, the electronic control unit of the automobile engine controls the vacuum valve to close it, and the excitation of the rubber main spring cannot be directly transmitted to the upper chamber. The suspension has small stiffness and small damping characteristics, which can effectively suppress engine idling vibration or attenuate high-frequency cavity noise, and improve the comfort of the car; Under normal circumstances, the electronic control unit of the automobile engine controls the vacuum valve to open, and the excitation of the rubber main spring can be directly transmitted to the upper chamber body. At this time, the mount has large stiffness and large damping characteristics, which can reliably attenuate vibration and suppress excessive displacement. Prevent the engine from breaking through the limit, so as to ensure the effectiveness of the support.
上述隔板中部开有凹槽,凹槽内放置带有节流孔13的解耦盘14,上板体和下板体上均开设了与节流孔位置相错的惯性通道。当低频振动时,发动机振幅大,解耦盘停留在凹槽内,关闭了解耦盘的节流孔和惯性通道,有利于悬置输出较大阻尼;当高频振动时,发动机振幅小,解耦盘在凹槽内振动,惯性通道和节流孔打开,缓解悬置高频硬化现象,有效的拓宽了悬置隔振频率范围。There is a groove in the middle of the above-mentioned partition, and a decoupling disc 14 with an orifice 13 is placed in the groove, and an inertia channel that is staggered with the position of the orifice is opened on the upper plate and the lower plate. When vibrating at low frequency, the amplitude of the engine is large, and the decoupling disc stays in the groove, closing the throttle hole and inertial channel of the decoupling disc, which is beneficial to the greater damping of the suspension output; when vibrating at high frequency, the amplitude of the engine is small, The decoupling plate vibrates in the groove, the inertia channel and the orifice are opened, alleviating the high-frequency hardening of the mount, and effectively widening the vibration isolation frequency range of the mount.
上述上壳体与下壳体、上壳体与上板体及下壳体与下板体的配合面上均设置有密封圈15。能提高密封效果,避免了漏液现象。Sealing rings 15 are provided on the mating surfaces of the upper shell and the lower shell, the upper shell and the upper plate, and the lower shell and the lower plate. It can improve the sealing effect and avoid the phenomenon of liquid leakage.
最后说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the claims of the present invention.
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CN109737203A (en) * | 2019-02-11 | 2019-05-10 | 天津市航沃特机械制造有限公司 | A kind of turntable sealing device |
CN110360262A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-10-22 | 宁波雷奥自动化设备有限公司 | A kind of liquid filling packaging mechanism and liquid filling packaging method assembling hydraulic mount |
CN113446347A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-09-28 | 安徽誉林汽车部件有限公司 | Hydraulic suspension of automobile engine |
CN113446347B (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2024-05-14 | 安徽誉林汽车部件有限公司 | Hydraulic suspension of automobile engine |
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