CN1055905C - 晶化玻璃微珠及其生产工艺 - Google Patents
晶化玻璃微珠及其生产工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000011806 microball Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 13
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEUACKUBDLVUAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[Ca] Chemical compound [Na].[Ca] VEUACKUBDLVUAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003484 crystal nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012770 industrial material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013081 microcrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 wear resistance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C10/00—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
- C03C10/0036—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing SiO2, Al2O3 and a divalent metal oxide as main constituents
- C03C10/0045—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing SiO2, Al2O3 and a divalent metal oxide as main constituents containing SiO2, Al2O3 and MgO as main constituents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C12/00—Powdered glass; Bead compositions
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种玻璃微珠及其生产工艺,本发明采用含有晶核的玻璃利用普通玻璃微珠的成珠工艺成珠,再将成珠的微珠进行核化、结晶处理,即制得高强、耐磨及化学稳定性好的晶化玻璃微珠,其成珠温度为850~1550℃,烧结时间<60分钟,核化、结晶温度为350~1350℃,晶化时间<60分钟。
Description
本发明涉及一种玻璃微珠。
玻璃微珠是近年来国内外发展较快的新型工业材料。它广泛应用于化工、纺织、轻工、电子、矿山、煤炭、交通、航运、精密机械加工等工业部门。
目前作为研磨介质、填充剂及喷丸抛光使用玻璃微珠均以普通钠钙系玻璃为原料,粒径一般在45μm~6mm之间。仅就研磨介质用玻璃微珠而言,主要应用于轻工、化工、电子等行业中染料、涂料、油墨、油漆、着色剂、药品、食品、造纸等诸类产品生产中作为研磨介质使用。但是面对一些对研磨介质的化学稳定性、耐磨性要求更高、更严格的行业,如电子行业、药品食品、造纸等行业,则普通钠钙玻璃微珠就显得不满足求了。化工部曾组织《研磨介质》调研,调研结果指出,仅作为染料、涂料工业的主要研磨介质——玻璃微珠,国内产品普通存在着强度较低,耐磨能力较差等缺点,并在不同程度上影响化工产品的质量。因此,高强度、高耐磨的玻璃微珠,已成为应用研磨介质的工业部门的迫切要求。目前,这些行业中有的应用氧化铝球,氧化锆球及玛瑙球作为研磨介质。但是氧化铝球由于受其成型工艺的限制,粒径不能太小,只能在φ10mm以上。而氧化锆球作为一种高级的研磨介质,其理化性能指标相对很高,但其成本相当昂贵,限制了其广泛的应用。因此研制一种新型、低成本高性能的研磨介质用玻璃微珠是十分必要的。
国内在提高研磨介质用玻璃微珠的强度,耐磨性等方面,曾进行过玻璃微珠钢化增强的研究,用钢化的方法,改善普通钠钙系玻璃微珠的理化性能,但效果不理想。
微晶玻璃是一种以普通玻璃组分为基础,加入晶核剂,经熔融冷却,并在一定温度下经过核化,结晶处理后,具有微晶体和均匀分布的残余玻璃相的复合材料。它具有许多特殊的功能,如质地致密、无气孔、不透气、不透水、机械强度比一般的玻璃、陶瓷都高得多,抗冲击强度约是普通玻璃的8倍,抗压强度约是普通玻璃的2倍,耐磨性化学稳定性,电性能等均优于普通玻璃。以往微晶玻璃的应用大都作为板材、管材、轴承,机械部件,器皿等使用,目前,尚未见国外对晶化微珠方面研究的报导。
本发明的目的在于发明一种晶化玻璃微珠及其生产工艺,以使得该微珠作为研磨介质、填充剂及喷丸抛光使用时,具有很好的耐磨性、机械强度和化学稳定性。
本发明采用含有晶核的玻璃为原料,利用普通玻璃微珠的成珠工艺成珠,再将成珠后的微珠进行核化、结晶处理制成本发明所述的高强、耐磨晶化玻璃微珠。
附图为本发明所述生产工艺的流程图。
本发明所述的晶化玻璃微珠可由化学原料或矿物料制得,该晶化微珠所用原料的化学组成为:SiO2 37~84%,Al2O3 2.5~38%,CaO 4~58%,MgO 2~65%,Fe2O3 0.1~36%,FeO 0.1~28%,K2O 0.2~10%,Na2O 0.3~9%,MnO 0.1~5%,TiO2 0.03~10%,ZrO2 0~11%, Cr2O3 1.3~14%,F 0~6%, S-2 0~5%,P2O5 0~5%,CuO 0~6%,Li2O0~25%,ZnS 0~6%
以上百分比均为重量百分比。
如附图所示,将制珠所用玻璃破碎、清洗、干燥、粉磨、筛分、制成<φ8mm颗粒料,将该料投入成球炉中成球,成球温度800~1550℃,成球时间<60分钟,制成的微珠粒径为45μm~6mm,将成球后的微珠放入晶化炉中晶化,核化结晶温度为350~1350℃,晶化时间<60分钟,再冷却至40~80℃出炉,即制得所述晶化微珠,其晶体含量为30~98%。其性能见表1。表1
实例一
性 能 | 指 标 |
容重(g/cm3) | 2.5~3.0 |
粒径 | 45μm~6mm |
显微硬度(MPa) | 60~80 |
抗折强度(MPa) | 60~130 |
莫氏硬度(级) | 6~8 |
耐酸性 (HCl 0.5mol/L,失重%) | 0.01 |
耐碱性 (NaOH 1mol/L,失重%) | 0.01 |
磨损率 (%) | <1 |
取化学组成如下所述的玻璃制取本发明所述微珠:化学组成:SiO2 49%, Al2O3 15.3%,CaO 7.1%,MgO 8.6%,
FeO 11.5%,Fe2O3 2.5% RO 6%。
(注:RO为金属氧化物)
将上述化学组成之玻璃破碎至14~18目(标准筛)清洗、烘干与隔离剂(石墨等)混合,投入1240℃成球炉(井式电炉)中,烧结20分钟,成球后进入晶化炉(马弗炉)中晶化,晶化温度为870℃,晶化时间为20分钟,制得的φ0.6~1.0mm晶化微珠成球率达85%以上,体积结晶率达60%以上,性能满足前表1要求。实例二
取与上例相同的玻璃破碎至18~20目,清洗、烘干后在1230℃的成球炉中烧结15分钟,成球后进入晶化炉,晶化温度600℃,晶化时间为15分钟,再冷却至40~60℃出炉制得晶化微珠,制得的微珠直径φ0.4~0.8mm,成球率达85%以上,体积结晶率>60%,性能满足前表1要求。本发明所述的晶化玻璃微珠具有机械强度高,耐磨损,化学稳定性好的优点。可作为研磨介质,填充剂及喷丸抛光使用,广泛应用于轻工、化工、纺织、电子、矿山、煤炭、精密机械加工等工业部门。
Claims (2)
1.一种晶化玻璃微珠,其特征在于:以含晶核的玻璃或矿物原料制成其化学成分为:SiO2 49%,Al2O3 15.3%,CaO 7.1%,MgO 8.6%,Fe2O3+FeO 14%,RO 6%,所述微珠粒径为0.4~1.0mm,晶体含量为>60%。
2.一种权利要求1所述晶化玻璃微珠的生产工艺,其特征在于:利用普通玻璃微珠的成球工艺成球,成球温度1230℃~1240℃,烧结时间15~20分钟,成球后的微珠投入晶化炉中晶化,核化结晶温度为600~870℃,晶化时间15~20分钟,再冷却至40~60℃出炉,即制得所述的晶化玻璃微珠。
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CN1055905C true CN1055905C (zh) | 2000-08-30 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN1071721C (zh) * | 1997-09-18 | 2001-09-26 | 中国科学院感光化学研究所 | 高折射率透明陶瓷微珠及制造方法和用途 |
NL1017444C2 (nl) * | 2001-02-26 | 2002-08-27 | Ceramtrade Hk Ltd | Driedimensionaal voorwerp omhuld door glas. |
CN101781083B (zh) * | 2009-12-21 | 2011-12-28 | 浙江通达机械有限公司 | 憎水空心玻璃微珠制备方法和所制备的憎水空心玻璃微珠 |
CN101857355B (zh) * | 2010-06-02 | 2012-09-05 | 天台精工西力玻璃珠有限公司 | 一种用于固化高放射性核废料的玻璃珠的生产方法 |
CN103265170B (zh) * | 2013-05-06 | 2016-06-29 | 朱晓明 | 一种工业研磨球及其制作工艺 |
CN114014536B (zh) * | 2021-10-20 | 2023-07-07 | 杭州乾智坤达新材料科技有限公司 | 一种增强型高圆度玻璃抛/喷丸的制备方法、产品及其应用 |
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JPS59174540A (ja) * | 1983-03-24 | 1984-10-03 | Toshiba Glass Co Ltd | 耐摩耗性ガラスビ−ズ |
US4615987A (en) * | 1985-04-15 | 1986-10-07 | Corning Glass Works | Reinforcement of alkaline earth aluminosilicate glass-ceramics |
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JPS59174540A (ja) * | 1983-03-24 | 1984-10-03 | Toshiba Glass Co Ltd | 耐摩耗性ガラスビ−ズ |
US4615987A (en) * | 1985-04-15 | 1986-10-07 | Corning Glass Works | Reinforcement of alkaline earth aluminosilicate glass-ceramics |
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