CN105589438A - Intelligent mobile communication base station energy management system - Google Patents
Intelligent mobile communication base station energy management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105589438A CN105589438A CN201510403728.3A CN201510403728A CN105589438A CN 105589438 A CN105589438 A CN 105589438A CN 201510403728 A CN201510403728 A CN 201510403728A CN 105589438 A CN105589438 A CN 105589438A
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Abstract
An intelligent mobile communication base station energy management system belongs to the technical field of communication equipment, and is characterized in that: an interactive terminal is connected with a base station subsystem through an Ethernet interface, a TCP/IP communication protocol between the interactive terminal and the base station subsystem is achieved through an Ethernet, the interactive terminal manages and monitors equipment inside a base station through an Ethernet interface, the equipment inside the base station collects hardware information, software information and actual function module inside the base station through a base station transceiver and uploads the information to the interactive terminal through the Ethernet interface, and the base station transceiver further collects and reports working conditions and alarm information of other unit modules inside the base station automatically; and a hardware transceiver automatically reports test results of hardware module single board function tests inside the base station, wireless channel loop tests and the like. The intelligent mobile communication base station energy management system has the beneficial effects that: the system solves the problem that energy use condition of the communication base station is not mastered, thus effective energy saving measures cannot be taken to solve the problem; the environment condition of the communication base station is not mastered, the problems that a fault point cannot be positioned timely and accurately, the fault can only be handled by sending people to the site and a lot of manpower cost is wasted once the communication base station fails are solved; and the problems of energy conservation and emission reduction are solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to communication equipment technical field.
Background technology
Intelligence is copied the intelligent energy conservation such as kilowatt-hour meter, voltage detecting, environmental parameter monitor, equipment alarm system system at presentSystem uses or is blank in mobile communication equipment station. These technology or system utilize operator's wireless technology as channel, pass throughThe intelligent electric meter of development, in gathering electric flux, transmits again machine room running status, the equipment of all kinds of converged communications base station and accusesAlarming information and electric energy also transmit, by main website energy management system by point, time, sky, the moon, season statistical analysis, electric energy, voltage makeBy situation, and payment on time, reducing energy consumption is carried out in the base station high to consuming energy, voltage change is large; To extracting environmental parameter monitor numberAccording to, can be by data processing, the base station that exceeds standard can show warning automatically; Utilize communication appliance fault Check System interface message, canWhether normally know on-site terminal transmission and transmission channel, grasp in time equipment operation condition, failure judgement point, reduces manually rowThe workload of looking into and fault handling time, thus fault processed in time, for guarantee mobile communication base station energy resource system andEach application system safe and stable operation is significant.
Some subject matters that system exists at present:
Communication base station
1, work under bad environment, the place that equipment is installed is stuffy, dispels the heat bad, causes equipment job insecurity, and the time is longerJust cause equipment damage.
2, power issue, particularly outdoor website, major part be all in suburb, outlying mountain area, power pole is undesired, simultaneouslySupply voltage shakiness. If there is power failure, easily damage superior equipment, not only fault to be got rid of, will power in additionSituation awareness is clear, otherwise hidden danger do not remove, and fault is continuous.
3, some base station imbalance of three-phase voltage, causes load uneven, cause the frequent trip protection of base station Switching Power Supply andAir-conditioning overvoltage protection. Part base station power factor is lower, and harmonic pollution is more serious.
4, base station is in running, and because single-phase equipment is many, three-phase current deviation is large.
5, centralized management mobile communication equipment station, lacks intelligent management technological means effectively.
System management side
1, communication base station energy service condition is not grasped, can not be taked conservation measures effectively
2, communication base station ambient conditions is not grasped, can not be taked accurate measure to improve
3, communication equipment alarm is known not in time, can not rush to repair in time, affects communication quality
4, energy part manageability is poor; After once communication station goes wrong, cannot promptly and accurately locate trouble point, only generalThe in-situ processing of sending someone, expends a large amount of costs of labor.
5, energy-saving and emission-reduction, are rationally used the energy to realize.
6, the standardization of terminal and uniformity are poor, can not the management of formation scale.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: a kind of intelligent mobile communication base station energy management system is provided, and it is with communication base station intelligenceMeter reading terminal and main website analytical system software are core, coordinate and carry out communication base station energy-conserving, in conjunction with existing in mobile communication base stationEnvironmental monitoring, communication equipment warning information, comprehensive management of mobile telecommunication base station, intelligent management successful. Solve energySource control confusion, monitoring, alarm, without management, have realized the intelligent management of mobile communication base station.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Interactive terminal is connected with base station sub-system by Ethernet interface, between interactive terminal and base station sub-system, passes through etherThe ICP/IP protocol communication that net is realized, assists base station sub-system management to control other subsystems and module, collects warning information; CarryFor the fundamental clock of other subsystems and module; Provide and the communicating by letter of Operation and Maintenance; Signaling is processed and resource management; Interactive terminalWith crossing several mouthfuls of Ethernets, the equipment in base station is managed and monitored, base station equipment is by hard in base station transceiver gathering stationPart information, software information, be uploaded to interactive terminal with actual functional capability module etc. by Ethernet interface, base station transceiver is also to baseIn standing, the working condition of other unit modules and warning message are collected and active reporting; Hardware transceiver is to hardware module in base stationThe test results such as Board Functional Test, Board Function Test and the survey of wireless channel loop are carried out active reporting.
Interactive terminal is connected with the RS485 of electric energy meter by serial ports conversion chip simulation RS485 interface, gathers in base stationEntirety electricity consumption situation, realizes power monitoring, load management and line loss analyzing etc.
Power information collection and control function in base station, the power information that electric energy meter gathers and abnormality are far away by GPRSJourney uploads to main station system.
Due to unmanned in base station, in base station, also have a set of power-equipment and environment centralized supervision system, and alternately eventuallyEnd be absolutely necessary for remote monitoring and the control of this system, monitoring system by interactive terminal by the fortune of system and equipmentRow state, record and processing monitor data, detection failure is uploaded main station system in time. Realize power supply, air-conditioning centralized maintenance andOptimum management, improves the reliability of electric power system and the security of communication equipment. Interactive terminal is by expansion interface and base stationTemperature sensor, Smoke Sensor, humidity sensor, vibrating sensor and the equipment of door status sensor composition be connected. AdoptThe warning information of each equipment of collection inside of base station. The warning information of collection site environment monitoring equipment. Collection site environmental monitoringThe partial status of equipment. Fan control function, according to the rotating speed of temperature controlled fan in frame. The control function of air-conditioning, according toThe temperature contrast of base station internal environment temperature and setting by interactive terminal by the infrared air-conditioner temperature of adjusting. Smog sensing in base stationDevice and temperature sensor produce the interactive terminal of reporting to the police simultaneously and control electric energy meter on-load switch, and all devices in base station is stoppedElectric treatment, does not start stand-by power supply.
Between base station equipment and equipment or must be by various interface according to interface protocol between equipment and subsystemCarry out transfer of data. Also to meet interface protocol and just can carry out information exchange equally between interactive terminal and base station equipment.
Monitored signal is divided into analog signal and data signal, and signal send, changes three processes through sensing, change,Convert eventually the data signal in computer to.
Interactive terminal gathers and control function all will carry out information with GPRS interface communication mode and host computer main station systemMutual with control, interactive terminal can be set to real-time online with main station system communication modes and function is waken two kinds of modes up.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: solve communication base station energy service condition is not grasped, can not take effectively to saveCan measure solve; Communication base station ambient conditions is not grasped, can not be taked accurate measure to improve; Solve communication equipment alarm too lateShi Zhixiao, can not rush to repair in time, affects communication quality; Solve energy part manageability poor; Once communication station goes wrongAfter, cannot promptly and accurately locate trouble point, the in-situ processing of generally can only sending someone, expends a large amount of costs of labor; Solve energy-conservation subtractingRow, rationally uses the energy to realize.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is GPRS multifunction interactive terminal system block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is GPRS multifunction interactive terminal hardware structured flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the internal frame diagram of PXA270 of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is GPRS module hardware circuit diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is ethernet module theory diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is FLASH memory circuitry of the present invention and SDRAM memory circuitry;
Fig. 7 is USB hardware interface circuit figure of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is jtag interface circuit diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is power circuit diagram of the present invention;
Figure 10 is general frame block diagram of the present invention;
Figure 11 is main task program flow diagram of the present invention;
Figure 12 is main task block diagram of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the vital task block diagram in main task;
Figure 14 is the system variable initialization process block diagram in main task;
Figure 15 is GPRS link maintenance flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further:
1.GPRS multifunction interactive terminal system
1.1 system block diagram
GPRS multifunction interactive terminal system block diagram 1.2 block diagram functions as shown in Figure 1
1.2.1 main website host computer
Main website master system comprises operating system and database two parts, in order to ensure the Real-Time Monitoring to service data, onPosition machine system data passes through GPRS communication function active upload to system by multifunction interactive terminal, or is led to by operating personnelCross master system relevant information is read in interactive terminal. In host computer main station system, divide associated maintenance by regionPersonnel also store its communication modes, run into failure problems and automatically send fault message in attendant by master system, also canWith manual operation.
1.2.2GPRS multifunction interactive terminal
GPRS multifunction interactive terminal is the combination based on the GPRS communication technology, information gathering, monitoring and control technology, and he willGPRS communication module and information gathering, monitoring combine with control section, form and have wireless communication function, fault messageAcquisition function, monitoring and control function, active reporting function, GPRS remote upgrade function, information storage function, LCD show meritThe device of energy, USB field upgrade function. GPRS multifunction interactive terminal mainly monitored by fault message and control and GPRS wirelessCommunication module two parts compositions, the combination of real-time data acquisition and monitor control system, realized system monitoring, failure response andSystem real time execution function.
1.2.3 electric energy meter
Electronic electric energy meter provides electric power monitoring and Electro-metering for whole base station equipment, and he is to the interference on power line and useElectricity information gathering, settle accounts, freeze, the function such as anomalous event all can realize active reporting function, in metering, electric energy meter hasForward active energy, reverse active energy function of measuring, can store its data, and it is meritorious that combination can be set accordingly. Can measureThe operational factors such as total and real-time active power, power factor, voltage, electric current (containing zero line), frequency. Electric energy meter has liquid crystal displayFunction, and there is relevant indicator lamp information, the fault message that liquid crystal display occurs some electric energy meters self should show in timeBe shown in above liquid crystal display.
For ensureing the reliable and stable of electric energy meter, the problem that electric energy meter self is occurred is carried out logout storage, electric energyThe error message of table energy active reporting is in the interactive terminal in base station, so that attendant can carry out on-site maintenance in time.
1.2.4 base station equipment information
Base station is mainly the nucleus equipment for placing computer system or communication network, for guarantee equipment normally moves, and machineRoom is equipped with many corollary equipments, and these corollary equipments must be monitored for 24 hours, and any abnormal conditions all must obtain in timeEffectively process. Otherwise, the normal work to each system in machine room is brought to serious harm, consequence is hardly imaginable. In order to protectThe normal operation of card equipment, promotes network index, and this just needs our attendant to carry out regularly these base stations or be irregularMaintenance. So GPRS multifunction interactive terminal has played vital effect to the monitoring of each equipment in base station, a sideHe can monitor face base station equipment in real time; He can reduce maintenance cost on the other hand, transmits accurately in base station eachIndividual machine operation.
This function is mainly to have base station equipment that facility information is transferred to interactive terminal, can be also interactive terminal activeTariff metering apparatus information, discovering device fault in time storage, and trigger GPRS function and carry out active reporting, at master system pairThis interactive terminal edits with the sequence number of base station, and has responsible attendant in master system to notify dimension with note formProtecting certain base station of personnel breaks down.
1.2.5 base station internal environment monitoring
Interactive terminal need to possess the function with the information such as other equipment interaction parameter, state and control command, builds openCommunication construction forms the equipment of a plug and play, makes between each equipment, can carry out in base station the communication of networking. UnifiedTechnical standard can make to realize between all sensors, intelligent electronic device and application system seamless link, i.e. letterBreath can be shared completely asking of all devices and system, realizes equipment and equipment, equipment and system, system and systemBetween the function of interactive operation. This needs the data standard of interactive terminal to have the uniformity of the whole network, in TOCOM total communication systemUnder structure, the data protocol of interactive terminal should have opening.
Interactive terminal need gather the data such as a large amount of device status data and client's metering, and the feature of these data is dataAmount is large, and collection point disperses, high to requirement of real-time, and data need be shared by multiple departments and system. Intelligent grid is total to dataWhat enjoy employing is the digital communication network based on open standard, i.e. IP-based real-time Data Transmission mode. It is based on open markAccurate data network communication, provides protocol converter, can compatible existing equipment, and multichannel shares, and improves the utilization rate of passage, moreBe applicable to a large amount of device status data and the collection of continuous data. Adopt IP-based real-time Data Transmission, background system is logicalCross the mode of calling and can directly obtain data, be conducive to realize sharing of data.
On interactive terminal, information gathering and monitoring modular are that this equipment is in order to facilitate staff to do aspect base station maintenanceTechnical innovation, first he carry out information gathering and monitoring by calculator room equipment in Abis agreement and base station, by someSensor carries out real-time sampling, processes and uploads site environment, in inner each position mounting temperature sensor of machine room, humiditySensor and Smoke Sensor etc. carry out Real-Time Monitoring and carry out active reporting temperature, humidity and smog etc. If alternately eventuallyTermination receives that the temperature of enviromental monitoring equipment transmission is higher or lower than limiting temperature, by interactive terminal by infared startup air-conditioning pairIn base station, temperature regulates, and as interactive terminal receives smoke signal, interactive terminal sends power down process to all devices,And active reporting is to main station system.
2.GPRS multifunction interactive terminal hardware structure
In base station, capital equipment is made up of four parts such as base station control and management, base station transceiver, power supply, wireless devices. And baseThe function of station owner's equipment is to communicate by wireless air interface (Um) and travelling carriage (MS), realizes base station transceiver (BTS)And wireless transmission and relevant control between travelling carriage (MS), interactive terminal is connected with base station main equipment by Abis agreement, associationHelp base station controller to complete management and the interface management of Radio Resource. Interactive terminal has Ethernet interface processing, base station equallyOperation and Maintenance, clock synchronous and generation, inside and outside alarm collection and processing control and management function, also have main backup functionality.
2.1 hardware block diagram
GPRS multifunction interactive terminal hardware structure chart as shown in Figure 2.
This interactive terminal is based on high-performance PXA270 processor, with the internal memory of 64M, and operation application journey that can be smoothOrder. The various interface providing and expansion interface can be given full play to function and the scalability of PXA270.
This product is to adopt under Linux embedded system development platform to develop. This platform has been realized IntelThe interface of all supports of PXA270. There are serial ports, touch screen circuitry, LCD display circuit, GPRS interface, power interface, JTAT to connectMouth, SDRAM circuit, FLASH circuit, expansion interface, Ethernet interface, USB master-slave controller etc.
2.1.1 interactive terminal and each interface major function thereof are introduced
Interactive terminal manages and monitors the equipment in base station with crossing several mouthfuls of Ethernets, and concrete function is as follows:
Base station transceiver equipment control: the composition of collecting hardware information, software information, actual functional capability module in base station.
Base station transceiver monitoring management: monitor each unit module working condition, collect and report and alarm information.
Base station transceiver test and management: hardware module Board Functional Test, Board Function Test, wireless channel go-and-return test.
TRM remote reset.
Equipment alarm collection in base station: the warning information that gathers each equipment of inside of base station. Collection site environmental monitoring is establishedStandby warning information. The partial status of collection site environment monitoring equipment. Fan control function, according to temperature control wind in frameThe rotating speed of fan.
Power information collection and control function in base station, electric energy meter carries out communication by RS485 interface and interactive terminal, hands overThe power information that terminal produces electric energy meter mutually and abnormality are by the long-range main station system that uploads to of GPRS.
Between base station equipment and equipment or must be by various interface according to interface protocol between equipment and subsystemCarry out transfer of data. Also to meet interface protocol and just can carry out information exchange equally between interactive terminal and base station equipment. BaseIn standing, each equipment interface is generally Abis interface.
Abis interface is the communication interface of base station transceiver and interactive terminal, its support the service that provides of oriented user,Support the control of base station radio equipment and the distribution of wireless frequency.
Due to unmanned in base station, in base station, also have a set of power-equipment and environment centralized supervision system, and alternately eventuallyEnd be absolutely necessary for remote monitoring and the control of this system, monitoring system by interactive terminal by the fortune of system and equipmentRow state, record and processing monitor data, detection failure is uploaded main station system in time. Realize power supply, air-conditioning centralized maintenance andOptimum management, improves the reliability of electric power system and the security of communication equipment.
Monitored signal is divided into analog signal and data signal, send, changes three processes through sensing, change, converts toData signal in computer.
2.1.2Abis interface introduction
The ground floor of Abis interface is transport layer (or physical layer), by 2.048Mbit/s or the 64kbit/sPCM number of standardWord transmission link carrys out transmission information.
The second layer of Abis interface is data link layer, and base station transceiver and interactive terminal adopt LAPD agreement, LAPD associationView is the communications protocol of a point-to-multipoint.
The 3rd layer of Abis interface is application layer, main control and management to base station and the distribution of Radio Resource, the bag be responsible forDraw together control and management layer BTSM and RR layer to base station transceiver.
2.1.3 each interface of interactive terminal briefly introduces
LCD interface accesses LCD liquid crystal display by bus, for interactive terminal provides good human-computer interaction interface, and LCD liquid crystalShow that device can show the electrical quantity of interactive terminal and failure logging intuitively, bring a lot of convenience to user, on LCD screenThe man-machine interaction that is incorporated as of touch screen keyboard brings convenience, and not only can carry out by button the switching of display frame, Er QieweiAmendment parameter value is provided convenience.
GPRS interface makes the data that this interactive terminal gathers by downlink communication realize in active by GPRS wireless networkThe function of report, makes base station internal information can promptly and accurately notify attendant, ensures base station stable operation.
JTAT interface is Linux debugging and procedure simulation interface, and this interface can also carry out program field upgrade function.
Power interface circuit, for interactive terminal provides stable electric power system, is the power producer of whole system, power acquisitionGet independent design, for ensureing interactive terminal stable performance, not affected by the heat of power generation.
SDRAM and Flash circuit function are the data storages of interactive terminal, and SDRAM is synchronous DRAM, withStep refers to Memory need of work synchronised clock, and the inner transmission of order and the transmission of data are all taking it as benchmark; Be dynamicallyRefer to that storage array need to constantly refresh to ensure that data do not lose; Refer to that at random data are not that linearity is stored successively, but fromCarry out reading and writing data by assigned address. But because data in SDRAM after power-off can be lost, so increase Flash storage coreSheet, has ensured the stability of product service data.
Expansion interface, because the base station equipment that mate this interactive terminal is more, so expansion interface part is for meetingThe stable communication of each equipment and interactive terminal in base station, and consider that inside of base station has some equipment to exist after technology innovationTake other communication mode, so carried out expansion interface operation, ensure the compatibility of product.
Ethernet interface, what in base station, capital equipment adopted is Ethernet interface, so designed independence on interactive terminalEthernet interface carried out spare interface for base station equipment, ensure the reliability of its communication.
USB master-slave controller is USB interface reserved on interactive terminal, and one of them is used by data conversion storage, anotherIndividual USB interface, by interactive terminal upgrading is used, also can carry out webcam driver and carry out whole monitoring in base station simultaneously.
Because the warning information in base station is to be identified by existing equipment in base station, thus some sensors, as: vibrationSensor, door status sensor, Smoke Sensor, temperature sensor etc. First after carrying out signal processing, base station equipment forwardsGive interactive terminal, then communicated by interactive terminal and main website.
2.2 hardware module functional analyses
2.2.1ARM microprocessor (PXA270)
Interactive terminal micro controller module adopts the PXA270 of Intel, and it has possessed ARMVST architecture, can be divided into six gradesPipeline processes, adopts the Cache structure of instruction and data separating, average power consumption 750mW, with all ARM core in binary system generationCompatible in code, interior band high speed 32x16MAC, reserved DSP coprocessor interface. Dominant frequency, up to 520MHz, can be moved embeddedLinux or WinCE operating system, the multiple calculation task of parallel processing. PXA270 processor provides the disposal ability of technical grade,Have abundant peripheral interface, it has comprised the up-to-date chip treatment technology of Intel, is specially adapted to answering of embedded systemWith.
PXA270 is that Intel first item contains Intel wireless MMX technology, high-performance and low-power consumption and general the locating of instructionReason device, supports flexible and powerful image and audio frequency to accelerate. Its memory interface provides multiple external data interface flexibly,SRAM on the sheet of 64KB is provided, can be used for programming or store data, lcd controller is supported 800 or 600 pixels. PXA270SpeedStep technology can intelligence switch idle, standby and the deep layer three kinds of low power consumpting states of the H people of sleeping, the carrying of voltage management performanceThe high weak phenomenon of smart machine ubiquity battery flying power of can alleviating to a certain extent, this scheme can ensureIn the situation of CPU power supply, reduce to greatest extent the power consumption of equipment.
As shown in Figure 3, its Main Resources is as follows for the internal structure block diagram of PXA270:
(1) LCD display interface: ARM8018 supports LVDS interface; ARM8019 supports rgb interface;
(2) VGA display interface: can connect common computer display;
(3) COBBAIF: AC97 COBBAIF;
(4) touch screen interface: support 4 wire resistive touch screens;
(5) communication interface: RS232 baud rate is up to 921.6Kbps;
(6) industry and standard RS485 interface;
(7) IIC high-speed interface, keyboard interface;
(8) USBHOST and USBClient baud rate reach 12Mbps;
(9) 10M/100M Ethernet, adaptive internet interface, an extended wireless network interface card;
(10) JTAG debugging interface;
(11) pcmcia interface (can expand wire/wireless networking interface etc.);
2.2.2GPRS module
Between GPRS module and microprocessor, communicate by serial port, traffic rate can reach the soonest
115200b/s. Communication protocol between module and controller is AT Command Set, and wherein most of order is to meet agreement " ATcommandsetforGSMMobileEquipment(ME)(GSM07.07version6.4.0Release1997) ", are AT orders of Wavecom oneself definition but also there are some. Except serial ports send (TX), serial ports receive (RX) itBetween microcontroller and GPRS module, also have some hardware handshaking signals, as DTR, CTS, DCD etc. outward.
The side of having M660+ is the GPRS industry of a extra small encapsulation of Shenzhen You Fang company productionWirelessModule, can provideThe functions such as the voice of high-quality, note, data service, are widely used in various industry and civil area, inside modulesIntegrated ICP/IP protocol stack, has two communication links, the accurate TTL communication port of a road sign, the AT command set of simplifying is logicalCross that AT order realizes the parameter setting of module and data send. M660+ is connected by the serial port of a Transistor-Transistor Logic level with CPU.
Module operating voltage is 3.5V～4.3V(recommendation 3.9V), not 5V. Module at ordinary times operating current is less, butBe at module registered network or in particular cases some other, electric current may reach 1.8A moment, if Power supply abilityDeficiency, voltage instantaneous declines serious, may cause module operation irregularity, there is no signal, cannot receive and dispatch the situations such as note. SuggestionAdopt the switching power source chip power supply of large electric current, as LM2596DC-DC modular converter; For mobile unit, adopt one3.7V lithium ion battery just can meet the demands; Should near GPRS module for power supply end, increase large capacitor filtering in addition. WinkBetween the average operating current < of electric current Max1.8A 300mA standby current 1.5mA. This module is used 3.3V level serial ports, highLevel is 3.3V, is not 5V, for single-chip microcomputer or the TTL serial ports of 5V level, for ensureing reliable operation, is unlikely to burn out chip.
2.2.3 ethernet module
Mixed-media network modules mixed-media in interactive terminal for compatible communication company base station equipment designed, due to inside of base station someEquipment and master system carry out, in information interactive process, in this device detection procedure, breaking down, and have alarm signal instruction, andAlarm signal is delivered to block (DBU), then send interactive terminal by block to by ethernet module, by mutual endEnd is stored and is uploaded, and the design adopts DM9000A ethernet controller to carry out communication. Fig. 5 is a mixed-media network modules mixed-media principleBlock diagram.
DM9000A is the 10/100M fast Ethernet controller that DAVICOM company produces, that this device has is able to programme,The features such as CRC check, Low-Power CMOS design, small size are the good selections of embedded ethernet network interface. DM9000A'sChip selection signal connects with fpga chip ISPMACH4128V.
DM9000A realizes the function of Ethernet media access layer (MAC) and physical layer (PHY), comprises MAC FrameAssembling/fractionation and transmitting-receiving, Address Recognition, CRC coding/verification, MLT-3 encoder, receive noise suppressed, output pulse becomesShape, overtime re-transmission, the complete test of link, signal polarity detection and correction etc.
DM9000A can be connected with the bus mode of 8bit or 16bit with microprocessor, and can be as required with single work or completeThe operation of duplex isotype. In the time that system powers on, processor by bus configuration DM9000A internal network control register (NCR),Interrupt registers (ISR) etc., complete the initialization of DM9000A.
Subsequently, DM9000A enters data transmit-receive wait state. In the time that processor will send Frame to Ethernet, first willData are packaged into UDP or IP packet, and ensure that the data of 8bit or the byte-by-byte DM9000A of sending to of 16bit bus send slowIn depositing, then the information such as data length are filled in the corresponding registers of DM9000A, send subsequently enable command.The data of buffer memory and Frame information are carried out MAC framing by DM90000A, and send.
2.2.4 memory module
There is 64KB data storage PXA270 inside, and the parameter after power down in interactive terminal and some fault record data will be lostLose, in hardware design, configure 2 SDRAM chips, form the SDRAM modular unit of the 64MB of 32 highway widthsThe FLASH memory 28F128 of HY5W5A60L and 2 16Mx16 positions.
Because the uplink communication of interactive terminal and main website should meet " power consumer power information acquisition system communication protocol ",Need to store class data (real time data), two class data (curve data, statistics) and three class data (things that stipulations requirePart), particularly curve data requires the data volume of storage large, therefore should adopt jumbo Flash memory.
Store two classes and three class data, ferroelectric memory is due to can be unconfined erasable, thus be used for storage need throughNormal real time data and the parameters upgrading. The interface of memory and CPU is SPI interface.
2.2.5 expansion interface
PXA270 expansion interface part can configure each equipment existing communication mode in base station voluntarily according to interactive terminal, by softPart does corresponding interface routine according to different communication modes, ensures to carry out between each equipment and interactive terminal good informationTransmission and control function.
Interactive terminal descender can be realized mould with communication interfaces such as 232 serial ports, infrared communication mouth, RS485, TCP/IPThis locality of piece parameter arranges and safeguards, wherein 232 serial ports can be realized the monitoring to GPRS module status, can by 485 serial portsCopy reading meets the data of " power consumer power information acquisition system communication protocol "; Can be in base station by tcp/ip communication interfaceSome equipment carry out interactive communication.
2.2.6USB master-slave controller
System upgrade and data backup can be carried out by USB interface in interactive terminal. No matter be system upgrade or data backup,Usb bus agreement is changeless, and USB interface operation can be summed up as the transmission of three kinds of bags. Any operation is all from masterEquipment starts, and main equipment sends one with the sequential sequencing in advance and describes action type, direction, peripheral hardware address and endpoint numberThe bag of (this will explain in following part), we are referred to as token packet (TokenPacket). Then in token, specifyData sender send a packet or point out that it does not have data to transmit. And the destination of data generally will be with oneIndividual confirmation bag (HandshakePacket) responds, to show that whether transmission is successful.
2.2.7JTAG emulated port
JTAG is a kind of international standard test protocol, is mainly used in chip internal test and system is carried out to emulation, debugging. At presentThe device of most of more complicated is all supported JTAG agreement, as ARM, DSP, FPGA device etc.
The jtag interface of standard is 5 lines: TMS, TCK, TDI, TDO, nTRST, while being respectively test pattern selection, testClock, test data input, test data output and test reset signal.
Jtag test allows multiple devices to be cascaded by jtag interface, forms a JTAG chain, can realize respectivelyIndividual device is tested respectively. Jtag interface is also usually used in realizing ISP(In-SystemProgrammable in-system programming) function,As FLASH device programmed etc.
By jtag interface, can conduct interviews to all parts of chip internal, because of but develop debugging embedded systemThe succinct means efficiently of one. At present jtag interface be connected with two kinds of standards, i.e. 14 needle interfaces and 20 needle interfaces.
Jtag circuit on interactive terminal system is illustrated in fig. 8 shown below
2.2.8LCD show
2.4 cun of TFT-LCD color screens are selected in interactive terminal, and it is the very color LCD module of TFT of a high image quality, has rich and variedInterface, programming convenient, be easy to the superperformances such as expansion, built-in special driving and control chip (SPFD5408), and selfIntegrated display buffer, without outside display buffer. 2.4 inches of display floaters of Via Color TFT-LCD display module are divided into cloth and240x320 pixel, and the TFT-LCD of inside modules drives control: sign the built-in demonstration number corresponding with these pixels of sheetAccording to RAM (abbreviation video memory). In module, each pixel needs the data (2 byte length) of 16 to represent the RGB color letter of this pointBreath, so the built-in video memory of module has the space of 240x320x16bit. The demonstration operation of module is very easy, needs to changeWhen the color of some pixels, only need to operate the video memory of corresponding 2 bytes of this point. And for the ease ofIndex operation, all video memory addresses are divided into X-axis address (XAddress) and Y-axis address (YAddress) by module, respectivelyScope that can addressing is XAddress=0-239, YAddress=0-319, and XAddress and YAddress intersect correspondingA video memory unit (2byte), as long as while indexing so some X, Y-axis address, and grasps the register of this addressDo, just can operate pixel corresponding on TFT-LCD display. When module is operated, be actually rightThe control that SPFD5408 is correlated with.
2.2.9 power module
Power circuit, for whole system provides energy, is the basis of whole system work, has extremely important status. Power supply systemThe quality that system is processed, will directly have influence on stability, the reliability etc. of whole system. The design of multi-power system, power supply pointJoin, the design etc. of power supply in printed board design, be all to consider.
ARM embedded system is generally multi-power system, and I/O mouth operating voltage is 3.3V, kernel be 2.5V (asS3C44B0), 1.8V (as S3C2410), 1.25V (as PXA255) or 1V (as PXA270), likely also need to use 5V orThe voltage of 12V, the design of multi-power system is the feature of ARM embedded system power circuit design. ARM embedded system is generalDigital power and analog power should be powered respectively. And adopt the smaller LDO power supply mode of ripple to power.
MAX1586 is the power management IC through optimizing, and is particularly useful for IntelXscale micro processor device, itIntegrated 7 tunnel high-performance, low operating current power supply, and detection and management function. Voltage-stablizer output comprises 3 voltage-dropping type DC-DC output, 3 linear voltage-stablizers and a normal switch power supply output. Each DC-DC converter can carry out independently ON/OFF control,Low battery voltages and the ready output of battery failure detection, reset and power supply, reserce cell input and 2 line serial line interfaces.
Its functional block diagram is as shown in Figure 9:
Wherein IN is main power source input, and BKBT is back-up source input, and MR is hand-reset input, and nRESET is the output that resets,VCC_FAULT is the ready output of power supply, and nBATT_FAULT is battery failure or without battery instruction output, SYS_EN is output V1With the gauge tap of V2, PWR_EN is the gauge tap of output V3-V6, and V7 is normally open. V1 provides the 3.3V electricity of I/O mouthSource, maximum current 1.3A; V2 provides the 2.5V power supply of memory, maximum current 0.9A; V3 provides kernel 0.8V to 1.3V power supply,Maximum current 0.9A, power supply amplitude can regulate by 2 line serial line interfaces; V4 provides the 1.3V power supply of PLL circuit; It is inner that V5 providesThe 1.1V power supply of SRAM; V6 provides the power supply of USIM interface; V7 can be set to follow the voltage of V1 or backup battery.
3 Software for Designs
3.1 general frames:
The multitask design of Software for Design based on Linux embedded OS, overall architecture is as Figure 10.
The Software for Design of interactive terminal must be considered the hardware such as processing speed, memory resource size of system processorCondition. Interactive terminal Software for Design moves in embedded Linux system platform, and it makes full use of the moneys such as Linux real-time kernelSource advantage. The processor that electric energy meter adopts is the PXA270 with ARMl0 kernel, memory device: K9F1208NANDFLASHMemory, two K4S561232 memories provide enough large data space, electric energy meter for the powerful disposal ability of CPUCan load embedded OS and carry out on its basis Software for Design. Built-in Linux operating system is with micro-kernel systemStructural design, multiple functional linux kernel only has some about several million. In diverse network file system is placed in modular formThe upper strata of core, driver and other file can load in the time that system is moved, and these advantages are the embedded of structure customizationSystem kernel provides the building method of high modularization. Linux obtains so huge achievement in embedded system market,Be undivided with the good characteristic of itself, its superiority have following some.
(1) open source of Linux allows anyone to obtain and revises the source code of Linux. Not only greatly reduceThe cost of exploitation, and can improve the efficiency of development, and can in Linux community, obtain support, developerNeed to send out mail a can obtain author's support.
(2) Linux can support multiple hardwares platform, and Linux can support the processors such as ARM, x86, PowerPC, MIPSArchitecture, and be transplanted to multiple hardwares platform. Linux adopts a unified framework to manage hardware,Change and upper layer application that while is transplanted to another hardware platform from a hardware platform are irrelevant.
(3) linux kernel can be reduced, and core design is very exquisite, and it is divided into five major parts: process scheduling, process are asked logicalLetter, memory management, Virtual File System and network interface. The module machine of its kernel uniqueness, developer can be real according to demandTime ground is reduced certain module in kernel, and the (SuSE) Linux OS of opening source code provides to greatest extent for User ExploitationFreely, the resource that it takies still less, is moved more stablely, and speed is faster.
(4) Linux is the operating system that first realizes ICP/IP protocol stack, and its inner core is very in network facetComplete, and the Ethernet to ten megabits, hundred megabits and dry megabit is provided, also have wireless network, token ring (Tokenring)The even support of satellite of power l optical fiber.
3.2 software module realization flows
Software adopts modularized design, and each task comprises different functional modules, and due to system, to comprise module more, at thisProvide the GPRS link maintenance module flow chart in main task module flow chart and up task.
3.2.1 main task flow process
Main task program circuit as shown in figure 11.
Main task flow chart as shown in figure 12.
Vital task block diagram in main task is as shown in Figure 13, Figure 14.
3.2.2GPRS link maintenance flow process
Link maintenance module in up task comprises: GPRS network logs in, Link State detects and heartbeat maintenance etc., whereinGPRS network landing program flow process as shown in figure 15.
After GPRS communication link is set up, if for a long time without transfer of data, GPRS network connects and will be disconnected, soMust send out in a certain time interval a heartbeat frame to main website, confirm that rear explanation Link State is replied by main website normal. Different productThe AT command set difference of board GPRS module, the instruction set of the GPRS module of therefore must being familiarly correlated with before programming, to realize chainThe foundation on road and maintenance.
Claims (7)
1. an intelligent mobile communication base station energy management system, is characterized in that: interactive terminal is by Ethernet interface and base stationSubsystem is connected, and base station is assisted in the ICP/IP protocol communication realizing by Ethernet between interactive terminal and base station sub-systemOther subsystems of management subsystem control and module, collect warning information; The fundamental clock of other subsystems and module is provided; CarryConfession is communicated by letter with Operation and Maintenance; Signaling is processed and resource management; Interactive terminal is entered the equipment in base station with crossing several mouthfuls of EthernetsLine pipe reason and monitoring, base station equipment by hardware information in base station transceiver gathering station, software information, with actual functional capability moduleBe uploaded to interactive terminal by Ethernet interface, base station transceiver is the working condition to other unit modules in base station and warning alsoInformation active reporting; Hardware transceiver is to surveys such as hardware module Board Functional Test, Board Function Test in base station and the surveys of wireless channel loopTest result carries out active reporting.
2. a kind of intelligent mobile communication as claimed in claim 1 base station energy management system, is characterized in that: interactive terminal is passed throughSerial ports conversion chip simulation RS485 interface is connected with the RS485 of electric energy meter, gathers overall electricity consumption situation in base station, realizes and usingElectricity monitoring, load management and line loss analyzing.
3. a kind of intelligent mobile communication as claimed in claim 1 base station energy management system, is characterized in that: in base station, use telecommunicationsBreath gathers and controls function, and the power information of electric energy meter collection and abnormality are by the long-range main station system that uploads to of GPRS.
4. a kind of intelligent mobile communication as claimed in claim 1 base station energy management system, is characterized in that: monitoring system is passed throughMonitor data is recorded and processed in interactive terminal, by the running status of system and equipment,, and detection failure is uploaded main station system in time.
5. a kind of intelligent mobile communication as claimed in claim 1 base station energy management system, is characterized in that: interactive terminal is passed throughTemperature sensor, Smoke Sensor, humidity sensor, vibrating sensor and door status sensor composition in expansion interface and base stationEquipment be connected, gather the warning information of inside of base station each equipment; The warning information of collection site environment monitoring equipment; AdoptThe partial status of collection site environment watch-dog.
6. a kind of intelligent mobile communication as claimed in claim 1 base station energy management system, is characterized in that: base station equipment withBetween equipment or between equipment and subsystem, must carry out transfer of data, interactive terminal according to interface protocol by various interfaceAnd also to meet interface protocol and just can carry out information exchange equally between base station equipment.
7. a kind of intelligent mobile communication as claimed in claim 1 base station energy management system, is characterized in that: interactive terminal gathersAnd control function and all will carry out information interaction and control with GPRS interface communication mode and host computer main station system, interactive terminal existsCan be set to real-time online with main station system communication modes and function is waken two kinds of modes up.
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| CN109765819A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-05-17 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of FPGA and its interface conversion circuit |
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