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CN105589384B - A kind of multi-channel digital amount input/output unit based on FPGA - Google Patents

A kind of multi-channel digital amount input/output unit based on FPGA Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105589384B
CN105589384B CN201610050640.2A CN201610050640A CN105589384B CN 105589384 B CN105589384 B CN 105589384B CN 201610050640 A CN201610050640 A CN 201610050640A CN 105589384 B CN105589384 B CN 105589384B
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fpga
input
output
signal
unit
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CN105589384A (en
Inventor
王伟
张明帅
雷满生
方鹏
郭旭
梁彦锋
代少飞
周卫成
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Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co Ltd
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Zhuzhou CSR Times Electric Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0423Input/output
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20Pc systems
    • G05B2219/21Pc I-O input output
    • G05B2219/21085Define type of I-O, analog, digital, pulse

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
  • Programmable Controllers (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of multi-channel digital amount input/output unit based on FPGA, including multichannel input/output module and FPGA control modules, multichannel input/output module is connect with multiple I/O interfaces of FPGA in FPGA control modules, multichannel input/output module acquires the digital quantity input signal of multiplexer channel, FPGA control modules receive digital quantity input signal by FPGA from each I/O interface, and control through digital quantity signal needed for the output of multichannel input/output module;The present invention have the function of it is simple and compact for structure, required it is at low cost, can support big data quantity I/O communication, realize the digital quantity input and output of multichannel and wide-range voltage grade and occupy the advantage that communication resources are few, communication speed is high.

Description

A kind of multi-channel digital amount input/output unit based on FPGA
Technical field
The present invention relates to digital quantity input and output technical field more particularly to a kind of bases suitable for big data quantity I/O communication In the multi-channel digital amount input/output unit of FPGA.
Background technology
The embeded processor for being normally based on microcontroller or other sequence execution for digital quantity input and output at present is real It is existing, that is, it needs that input module and output module is arranged, by microcontroller as the embedded of processor or configuration sequence execution Device is managed, processor is handled after acquiring digital quantity signal from input module, is exported digital quantity signal from output module, is realized number Word amount input/output function.But when using above-mentioned digital quantity I/O mode, due to microcontroller or other embeded processors I/O pin limited amount, only the I/O communication of big data quantity can not then be expired suitable for the I/O communication of small data quantity Sufficient demand;And in order to adapt to big data quantity I/O communication, it is typically multiple input output module to be combined application, then lead at present The control that bus communication realizes each module is crossed, such mode realizes complexity, and occupancy communication resources are more, simultaneously because what sequence executed Processor can only receive data, processing data and configuration IO outputs, scan round I/O state, send I/O state information in order Deng, thus there is also the low problems of IO communication speeds for above-mentioned digital quantity I/O mode.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that:For technical problem of the existing technology, the present invention provides one It is kind simple in structure, required it is at low cost, can support big data quantity I/O communication function, realize multichannel and wide-range voltage grade Digital quantity input and output and occupy that communication resources are few, the high multi-channel digital amount input and output dress based on FPGA of communication speed It sets.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution proposed by the present invention is:
A kind of multi-channel digital amount input/output unit based on FPGA, including multichannel input/output module and FPGA Control module, the multichannel input/output module is connect with multiple I/O interfaces of FPGA in the FPGA control modules, described Multichannel input/output module acquires the digital quantity input signal of multiplexer channel, and the FPGA control modules are by FPGA from each I/O interface receives the digital quantity input signal, and controls and export required digital quantity letter by the multichannel input/output module Number.
As a further improvement on the present invention:The multichannel input/output module includes that multichannel is defeated for acquiring digital quantity Enter signal and is converted to the input signal processing unit of voltage signal, multichannel for providing multiple voltage grade digital quantity signal work Output signal selection unit for output signal and the I/O interface unit with multichannel I/O interface, the input signal processing are single First, output signal selection unit one end is respectively connect with the I/O interface unit, and the other end is respectively controlled with the FPGA Molding block connects.
As a further improvement on the present invention:The output signal selection unit includes a plurality of switch branch being connected in parallel Road, every switching branches access a kind of digital quantity signal of voltage class, and switching branches are controlled by the FPGA described in each item The control of molding block is closed, disconnects to export the digital quantity signal of corresponding voltage grade.
As a further improvement on the present invention:The switching branches include the relay being connected with each other and relay driving Unit, the relay drive unit connect the FPGA control modules;The relay drive unit includes sequentially connected Current-limiting resistance, control switching tube and fly-wheel diode, the parallel connection of coil of the fly-wheel diode and the relay.
As a further improvement on the present invention:The input signal processing unit includes access switch and voltage conversion Unit, the access switch control access digital quantity input signal, is converted to required voltage through the voltage conversion subunit and believes Number output;The voltage conversion subunit includes sequentially connected resistor voltage divider circuit, optical coupling isolation circuit and power amplification Circuit.
As a further improvement on the present invention:FPGA is configured with the signal acquisition being connected with each other in the FPGA control modules Unit and logic decoding unit, the signal gathering unit acquire the voltage signal of the input signal processing unit output, Through the logic decoding unit into after row decoding, exporting the decoded signal of corresponding one of which voltage class digital quantity signal to institute State output signal selection unit.
As a further improvement on the present invention:The multichannel input/output module further includes communications interface unit, described Communications interface unit is connect with multiple communication interfaces of FPGA in the FPGA control modules.
As a further improvement on the present invention:The FPGA control modules include connect with the communications interface unit with Too net communication unit, the ethernet communication unit include the ethernet mac controller of PHY chip and configuration in FPGA, The PHY chip is connect with the ethernet mac controller.
As a further improvement on the present invention:The multichannel input/output module further includes being used to indicate each channel input The signal designation unit of output state, the signal designation unit are connect with the FPGA control modules.
As a further improvement on the present invention:The multichannel input/output module is arranged on first circuit board, described FPGA control modules are arranged on the second circuit board, and the second circuit board is mounted on the first circuit board.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
1)The present invention is based on the multi-channel digital amount input/output units of FPGA, will be more based on the parallel processing manner of FPGA Channel input/output function, FPGA control functions are disposed in multichannel input/output module, FPGA control modules, by FPGA control modules receive the digital quantity input signal of multiplexer channel from multichannel input/output module, while it is defeated to control multichannel Enter digital quantity signal needed for output module output, realizes digital quantity input/output function, big data quantity can be supported based on FPGA I/O communication function, so as to meet big data quantity I/O communication demand realize multi-channel digital amount input and output, receive simultaneously Data and transmission data can be carried out at the same time, and realized the parallel processing that data transmit-receive, IO configure, taken up less resources and improve system Rate and safety;
2)The present invention is based on the multi-channel digital amount input/output unit of FPGA, further input signal processing unit passes through The digital quantity input signal that I/O interface unit can acquire multichannel simultaneously carries out voltage conversion, realizes multi-path, wide scope Digital data acquisition, while output signal selection unit can provide the multiple voltage grade number of multi-path by I/O interface unit Signal output is measured, the application demand to different output signals in big data quantity test is met;
3)The present invention is based on the multi-channel digital amount input/output unit of FPGA, output signal selection unit further comprises The a plurality of switching branches being connected in parallel, every switching branches access a kind of digital quantity signal of voltage class, each switching branches It is closed, disconnected by the control of FPGA control modules, the digital quantity signal needed for output can be controlled, while convenient for configuration, extension institute The output signal needed;
4)The present invention is based on the multi-channel digital amount input/output unit of FPGA, multichannel input/output module is further gone back Including communications interface unit, communication interface is by going to FPGA control modules in communications interface unit so that FPGA can with it is outer Portion is communicated, can be in the I O function of driving multichannel based on FPGA controls, while easily realizing mass communication interface Setting;
5)The present invention is based on the multi-channel digital amount input/output unit of FPGA, further multichannel input/output module is set It sets on first circuit board, FPGA control modules are arranged on the second circuit board, and second circuit board is mounted on first circuit board, Driving plate is arranged apart with the control panel with core control function and drawer-type structure is constituted by the way of lamination, improves The maintainability of device.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of multi-channel digital amount input/output unit of the present embodiment based on FPGA.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic diagram that the present embodiment realizes multi-channel digital amount input and output.
Fig. 3 is the particular circuit configurations schematic diagram of the present embodiment input signal processing unit and output signal selection unit.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the present embodiment relay drive unit.
Fig. 5 is the principle schematic diagram of FPGA in the present embodiment FPGA control modules.
Fig. 6 is the specific arrangement principle schematic of the present embodiment multi-channel digital amount input/output unit.
Marginal data:1, multichannel input/output module;11, input signal processing unit;111, voltage conversion subunit; 12, output signal selection unit;13, I/O interface unit;14, communications interface unit;2, FPGA control modules;15, power supply is converted Unit;16, signal designation unit.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific preferred embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not therefore and It limits the scope of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, multi-channel digital amount input/output unit of the present embodiment based on FPGA includes multichannel input Output module 1 and FPGA control modules 2, multiple IO of FPGA connect in multichannel input/output module 1 and FPGA control modules 2 Mouth connection, multichannel input/output module 1 acquire the digital quantity input signal of multiplexer channel, and FPGA control modules 2 pass through FPGA Digital quantity input signal is received from each I/O interface, and controls and required digital quantity letter is exported by multichannel input/output module 1 Number.FPGA(Field-Programmable Gate Array, field programmable gate array)IO with big data quantity (Input Output, input and output)Interface, the sequence for being different from microcontroller and other embeded processors execute working method, FPGA is parallel processing manner, and multiple modules such as inside configurable communication module, control module are parallel operation, the present embodiment base In the parallel processing manner of FPGA, by by multichannel input/output function, that FPGA control functions are disposed on multichannel is defeated Enter in output module 1, FPGA control modules 2, communication, data parsing and logic control function realized by FPGA control modules 2, It controls multichannel input/output module 1 and executes digital quantity input and output, to support the IO of big data quantity logical based on FPGA Telecommunication function, disclosure satisfy that big data quantity I/O communication demand realize multi-channel digital amount input/output function, while receive data and Transmission data can be carried out at the same time, and realized the parallel processing that data transmit-receive, IO configure, taken up less resources and improve the rate of system And safety.
In the present embodiment, multichannel input/output module 1 includes multichannel for acquiring digital quantity input signal and being converted to The input signal processing unit 11 of voltage signal, multichannel are used to provide multiple voltage grade digital quantity signal as output signal Output signal selection unit 12 and I/O interface unit 13 with multichannel I/O interface, input signal processing unit 11, output letter One end of number selecting unit 12 is respectively connect with I/O interface unit 13, and the other end is respectively connect with FPGA control modules 2.It is defeated The digital quantity input signal progress voltage turn of multichannel can be acquired by I/O interface unit 13 simultaneously by entering signal processing unit 11 Change, realize multi-path, wide scope digital data acquisition, while output signal selection unit 12 can be carried by I/O interface unit 13 For the multiple voltage grade digital quantity signal output of multi-path, meets in big data quantity test and need are applied to different output signals It asks.
The present embodiment multichannel input/output module 1 is connect especially by I/O interface unit 13 with external equipment, input letter Number processing unit 11 acquires the Multipath digital quantity input signal of external equipment from I/O interface unit 13, and is converted to 3.3V voltages letter It is exported to FPGA control modules 2 after number;Output signal selection unit 12 receives the control signal of FPGA control modules 2, and control is defeated Go out required voltage class output signal, is exported to external equipment by I/O interface unit 13.The present embodiment I/O interface unit 13 has Body includes 50 road I/O interfaces(TP1-TP50), it is correspondingly arranged 50 tunnel input signal processing units 11 and output signal selection unit 12, the input and output of 50 road IO can be realized in conjunction with FPGA control modules 2;50 road I/O interfaces are specifically real by 2 25 core connectors Now with the connection of external equipment connector.
In the present embodiment, output signal selection unit 12 includes a plurality of switching branches being connected in parallel, every switching branches Access a kind of digital quantity signal of voltage class, each switching branches are closed by the control of FPGA control modules 2, disconnect to export pair Answer the digital quantity signal of voltage class.Switching branches, convenience pair can be arranged in output signal selection unit 12 according to actual demand Output signal is configured, is extended, as shown in figure 3, per road output signal selection unit 12, specifically setting corresponds to the present embodiment The switching branches of tetra- kinds of voltage class of 100V, 50V, 24V and GND(The branch of corresponding U2B~U5B switches), by being closed not The digital quantity signal of same switching branches, that is, exportable different voltages grade(DC100V, DC50V, DC24V or GND)As output Signal is exported to the target I/O interface TP1 in interface unit 3.
As shown in Figure 3,4, the present embodiment switching branches include the relay being connected with each other(U2B~U5B)And relay Driving unit, relay drive unit connect FPGA control modules 2, and relay drive unit receives the control of FPGA control modules 2 Signal processed controls the actuation of relay.By taking the corresponding relay drive unit of U5B relays as an example, as shown in figure 4, relay Driving unit specifically includes sequentially connected current-limiting resistance R19, control switching tube V12 and fly-wheel diode V7, two pole of afterflow The coil U5A of pipe V7 and relay U5B is connected in parallel, and control switching tube V12 is specially triode, the collection of control switching tube V12 Electrode is connect with the coil of relay U5B, fly-wheel diode V7 respectively;Relay drive unit is connected by TEST1_5 pins The I/O interface of FPGA, when the I/O interface of FPGA exports the control signal of high level, relay U5B actions so that relay U5B It is closed, to export corresponding GND_100 signals to target I/O interface TP1.The present embodiment repeat circuit specifically uses PA1a- The contact through-current capacity of 5V relays, PA1a-5V relays can reach 5A, disclosure satisfy that test output requires.
As shown in figure 3, the present embodiment input signal processing unit 11 includes access switch U1B and voltage conversion subunit 111, it is defeated to be converted to required voltage signal through voltage conversion subunit 111 for access switch U1B control access digital quantity input signals Go out.Voltage conversion subunit 111 specifically includes sequentially connected resistor voltage divider circuit, optical coupling isolation circuit and signal condition electricity Road, wherein resistor voltage divider circuit are made of resistance R1, R3 and R4, and optical coupling isolation circuit uses HCPL optical coupling isolators, signal Modulate circuit includes NOT gate D1.It accesses switch U1B and is closed and the digital quantity of target interface TP1 can input in access interface unit 3 Signal, successively will after resistor voltage divider circuit, optical coupling isolation circuit and signal conditioning circuit by voltage conversion subunit 111 Input signal is converted to voltage signal TEST1_6, FPGA collection voltages signal TEST1_6 processing again.The present embodiment is above-mentioned Structure can detect the input signal of DC24V ~ DC150V ranges, realize the digital quantity input and output of wide scope.
The voltage that the present embodiment output signal selection unit 12 is exported controls relay by FPGA and realizes, passes through difference Relay(U2B~U5B)Action can control output signal selection unit 12 to export different grades of voltage(DC100V、 DC50V, DC24V or GND), and an actuating of relay, Duo Gedong can only be driven simultaneously in every road output signal selection unit 12 Work can then cause short circuit.As shown in figure 5, FPGA is configured with the signal acquisition being connected with each other in the present embodiment FPGA control modules 2 Unit and logic decoding unit, signal gathering unit acquires the voltage signal of 11 output of input signal processing unit, through logic Decoding unit is into after row decoding, exporting the decoded signal of corresponding one of which voltage class digital quantity signal to output signal selection Unit 12.Logic decoding unit is configured in the control terminal of 12 repeat circuit of output signal selection unit so that be not required to by FPGA The external additional decoder etc. that accesses is wanted to can guarantee the actuating of relay there are one every road output signal selection units 12.
In the present embodiment, multichannel input/output module 1 further includes communications interface unit 14, communications interface unit 14 with Multiple communication interfaces connection of FPGA, communication interface are controlled by going to FPGA in communications interface unit 14 in FPGA control modules 2 Molding block 2 so that FPGA can be with outside(Such as host computer or other input/output units)It is communicated.It can be carried based on FPGA For a large amount of communication interface, thus the present embodiment can be while convenient in the I O function of driving multichannel based on FPGA controls Realize the setting of mass communication interface.
The present embodiment communications interface unit 14 specifically includes Ethernet interface and RS485 bus interface, wherein Ethernet Interface specifically uses RJ45 connectors, RS485 bus interface specifically to be connect with aerial lug using DB9 connectors, Ethernet Interface and RS485 interfaces are relayed to FPGA control modules 2 by multichannel input/output module 1 again.As shown in Figure 1,5, this reality It includes the ethernet communication unit being connect with communications interface unit 14 to apply a FPGA control modules 2, and ethernet communication unit includes The ethernet mac of PHY chip and configuration in FPGA(Media Access Control, media intervene control layer)Control Device, PHY(Physical layer)Chip is connect with ethernet mac controller, i.e., the configuration realization ethernet mac controller inside FPGA, It is realized and external Netcom's news in addition in conjunction with the PHY chip of external connection.Real-time height may be implemented based on ethernet communication mode The information exchange of speed greatly improves speed and efficiency and the extension convenient for module of test, to improve the logical of system Speed and online performance are interrogated, and the mode of the present embodiment combination FPGA and PHY chip can make required peripheral circuit few.This Embodiment FPGA specifically use ALTERA companies ep4ce40f23c8n type FPGA, by call FPGA in Ethernet IP kernel come It builds ethernet mac controller and realizes that mac-layer protocol, ICP/IP protocol stack are also configured inside FPGA and realized, PHY chip then has Body selects DP83640 type PHY chips.The present embodiment RS485 modules are configurable to as redundant module in Ethernet failure Selection uses.
In the present embodiment, multichannel input/output module 1 further includes the power conversion unit being connect with FPGA control modules 2 15, it is converted and provided to FPGA control modules 2 for carrying out input power.The present embodiment multichannel input/output module 1 is logical Cross power interface access DC24V power supplys and output signal power supply(DC100/DC50/DC24V), provided by output signal power supply defeated Go out 12 different brackets voltage signal of signal behavior unit, to drive external equipment;Power conversion unit 15 accesses DC24V power supplys, It is supplied to FPGA control modules 2 after being converted to 5V power supplys.
In the present embodiment, multichannel input/output module 1 further includes being used to indicate the signal of each channel input/output state Indicating unit 16, signal designation unit 16 are connect with FPGA control modules 2, and signal designation unit 16 may be additionally configured to instruction device The information such as working condition, communication state.
In the present embodiment, multichannel input/output module 1 is arranged on first circuit board, and the setting of FPGA control modules 2 exists On second circuit board, second circuit board is mounted on first circuit board, to be constituted drawer-type structure using lamination mounting means.By First circuit board is as IO driving plates, second circuit board as IO control panels, driving plate and the control with core control function Plate is arranged apart and by the way of lamination, improves the maintainability of device.As shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment input and output fill It is 1U to set specific design height, and lamination mode, IO control panels is used to be mounted on IO driving plates between IO driving plates and IO control panels Top, wherein front panel are disposed with signal lamp, and rear panel is arranged as electric interfaces.
Above-mentioned only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention in any form.Although of the invention Disclosed above with preferred embodiment, however, it is not intended to limit the invention.Therefore, every without departing from technical solution of the present invention Content, technical spirit any simple modifications, equivalents, and modifications made to the above embodiment, should all fall according to the present invention In the range of technical solution of the present invention protection.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of multi-channel digital amount input/output unit based on FPGA, it is characterised in that including multichannel input/output module (1)And FPGA control modules(2), the multichannel input/output module(1)With the FPGA control modules(2)Middle FPGA's Multiple I/O interface connections, the multichannel input/output module(1)Acquire the digital quantity input signal of multiplexer channel, the FPGA Control module(2)The digital quantity input signal is received from each I/O interface by FPGA, and is controlled defeated by the multichannel Enter output module(1)Digital quantity signal needed for output;
The multichannel input/output module(1)Including multichannel for acquiring digital quantity input signal and being converted to voltage signal Input signal processing unit(11), multichannel is for providing output signal of the multiple voltage grade digital quantity signal as output signal Selecting unit(12)And the I/O interface unit with multichannel I/O interface(13), the input signal processing unit(11), output Signal behavior unit(12)One end respectively with the I/O interface unit(13)Connection, the other end are respectively controlled with the FPGA Molding block(2)Connection.
2. the multi-channel digital amount input/output unit according to claim 1 based on FPGA, it is characterised in that:It is described defeated Go out signal behavior unit(12)Including a plurality of switching branches being connected in parallel, every switching branches access a kind of voltage class Digital quantity signal, switching branches described in each item are by the FPGA control modules(2)Control is closed, disconnects to export corresponding voltage The digital quantity signal of grade.
3. the multi-channel digital amount input/output unit according to claim 2 based on FPGA, it is characterised in that:It is described to open It includes the relay and relay drive unit being connected with each other to close branch, and the relay drive unit connects the FPGA controls Molding block(2);The relay drive unit includes sequentially connected current-limiting resistance, controls switching tube and fly-wheel diode, The parallel connection of coil of the fly-wheel diode and the relay.
4. the multi-channel digital amount input/output unit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 based on FPGA, it is characterised in that: The input signal processing unit(11)Including access switch and voltage conversion subunit(111), the access switch control Digital quantity input signal is accessed, through the voltage conversion subunit(111)Be converted to required voltage signal output;The voltage turns Change subelement(111)Including sequentially connected resistor voltage divider circuit, optical coupling isolation circuit and signal conditioning circuit.
5. the multi-channel digital amount input/output unit according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 based on FPGA, it is characterised in that: The FPGA control modules(2)Middle FPGA is configured with the signal gathering unit and logic decoding unit that are connected with each other, the letter Number collecting unit acquires the input signal processing unit(11)The voltage signal of output is translated through the logic decoding unit After code, the decoded signal of corresponding one of which voltage class digital quantity signal is exported to the output signal selection unit(12).
6. the multi-channel digital amount input/output unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3 based on FPGA, special Sign is:The multichannel input/output module(1)It further include communications interface unit(14), the communications interface unit(14)With The FPGA control modules(2)Multiple communication interfaces of middle FPGA connect.
7. the multi-channel digital amount input/output unit according to claim 6 based on FPGA, it is characterised in that:It is described FPGA control modules(2)Further include and the communications interface unit(14)The ethernet communication unit of connection, the ether Netcom News unit includes the ethernet mac controller of PHY chip and configuration in FPGA, the PHY chip and the ethernet mac Controller connects.
8. the multi-channel digital amount input/output unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3 based on FPGA, special Sign is:The multichannel input/output module(1)It further include the signal designation list for being used to indicate each channel input/output state Member(16), the signal designation unit(16)With the FPGA control modules(2)Connection.
9. the multi-channel digital amount input/output unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3 based on FPGA, special Sign is:The multichannel input/output module(1)It is arranged on first circuit board, the FPGA control modules(2)Setting exists On second circuit board, the second circuit board is mounted on the first circuit board.
CN201610050640.2A 2016-01-26 2016-01-26 A kind of multi-channel digital amount input/output unit based on FPGA Active CN105589384B (en)

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