CN105582866B - Method and production line for rapidly preparing aerogel through radio frequency radiation - Google Patents
Method and production line for rapidly preparing aerogel through radio frequency radiation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105582866B CN105582866B CN201610129198.2A CN201610129198A CN105582866B CN 105582866 B CN105582866 B CN 105582866B CN 201610129198 A CN201610129198 A CN 201610129198A CN 105582866 B CN105582866 B CN 105582866B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a production line for quickly preparing aerogel by radio frequency radiation. The aerogel production line comprises a main machine for quickly preparing aerogel by radio frequency radiation, a raw and auxiliary material system, an inert gas system, a heat supply system, a recovery system and a three-waste treatment system. The radio frequency radiation rapid aerogel preparation host comprises a sol-gel working section, an aging working section, a replacement modification working section and a drying working section, wherein the host is provided with a radio frequency generator, a monitoring device and an automatic control device, the host is provided with a liner which is communicated from front to back, a track is arranged in the liner and used for conveying materials, and the liner is provided with a channel which can be communicated with other systems outside the host or closed. The invention can continuously produce products in various forms such as aerogel powder, aerogel particles, aerogel felts, aerogel plates, aerogel cloths, aerogel films and the like, has extremely high production efficiency and automation degree, and can powerfully promote the aerogel industry to step into production automation, scale and intellectualization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method and a production line of aerogel, in particular to a method and a production line for quickly preparing aerogel by radio frequency radiation.
Background
Aerogel is a novel nano porous material, and has the unique properties of ultralow thermal conductivity, low density, low dielectric constant, low refractive index, high specific surface area, high insulation, high light transmittance and the like, so that the aerogel shows many miraculous characteristics in the fields of thermal, optical, electrical, chemical, acoustical and the like, and is called as a miraculous material for changing the world.
The current aerogel production technology mainly comprises a supercritical drying production technology and a normal-pressure drying production technology, although the production process is continuously improved and perfected and the production efficiency is continuously improved after more than 10 years of development, no matter whether domestic or foreign enterprises basically produce the aerogel in an intermittent semi-automatic mode, no enterprises can realize continuous full-automatic production in the industry. The first reason is that a supercritical high-pressure extraction kettle is needed in supercritical drying production, a drying kettle is also needed in an atmospheric drying production process, products such as an aerogel felt and an aerogel plate cannot be conveyed through a pipeline, a kettle cover must be opened, and materials are hoisted by a crane; secondly, the working section time of the traditional aerogel production process is longer, particularly the aging working section and the modification working section are often as long as 10 hours or even days, which brings great obstruction to the connection of the working sections. Therefore, the current aerogel production enterprises mainly improve the production efficiency of the whole aerogel by adjusting the number combination of equipment in each production section and optimizing the connection of each section, thereby reducing the cost.
The semi-automatic production mode of intermittent type formula not only hinders the promotion of production efficiency, because the workshop section links up the link many, and the site operation workman is many, still is unfavorable for product quality's control, cost of labor's control, and the incident that easily reveals or equipment trouble causes because of personnel's maloperation or organic matters such as ethanol threatens the guarantee of site personnel's life safety in the production process.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a brand-new aerogel rapid production line technology and a preparation method.
Disclosure of Invention
A production line for rapidly preparing aerogel by radio frequency radiation comprises a host machine for rapidly preparing aerogel by radio frequency radiation, a raw and auxiliary material system, an inert gas system, a heat supply system, a recovery system and a three-waste treatment system. The host machine for quickly preparing the aerogel through the radio frequency radiation comprises a sol-gel working section, an aging working section, a replacement modification working section and a drying working section, wherein the front end and the rear end of the host machine are respectively provided with a material discharging device and a material receiving device, working motors on the host machine are all explosion-proof motors, a radio frequency generator, a monitoring device and an automatic control device are arranged on the host machine, a front inner container and a rear inner container which are communicated are arranged on the host machine, a crawler belt is arranged in the inner container and used for conveying materials, a channel is arranged on the inner container and can be communicated or closed with a raw and auxiliary material system, an inert gas system, a heat supply system, a recovery system and a three-waste treatment system which are arranged outside the host machine, and the main equipment components are respectively described as follows.
(1) The aerogel host is rapidly prepared by radio frequency radiation.
The radio frequency radiation rapid aerogel preparation host comprises a sol-gel working section, an aging working section, a replacement modification working section and a drying working section, wherein the front end and the rear end of the host are respectively provided with a discharging device and a receiving device, and working motors on the host are explosion-proof motors.
(2) Raw and auxiliary materials system.
The raw material and auxiliary material system is used for supplying production raw materials and auxiliary materials, wherein the raw materials comprise one or more of an aerogel source, a fiber reinforced material and an infrared barrier material, and the auxiliary materials comprise one or more of water, a diluent, a humectant, a displacer, a modifier, an acid and alkali.
(3) An inert gas system.
The inert gas system supplies inert gas to the main machine, ensures that the oxygen concentration in the main machine is lower than the minimum oxygen content required by the combustion or explosion of combustible gas in the main machine, and the inert gas comprises one or more of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, helium, argon and neon.
(4) A heating system.
The heat supply system consists of a heat exchanger and a heat medium, wherein the heat medium comprises one or more of hot water, steam, heat conduction oil, air, inert gas and electric heating wires.
(5) And (5) recovering the system.
The recovery system is used for recovering recyclable raw and auxiliary materials injected into the main machine by the raw and auxiliary material system and inert gases injected into the main machine by the inert gas system, and the recovery mode comprises one or more modes of condensation, evaporation, rectification, concentration, adsorption, filtration and screening.
(6) A three-waste treatment system.
The three-waste treatment system is used for treating waste liquid, waste gas and waste solids which are generated in the production process and can not be recycled.
The radio frequency radiation rapid preparation aerogel host comprises a sol-gel working section, an aging working section, a replacement modification working section and a drying working section, wherein the aging working section can exist independently, can be overlapped with the sol-gel working section, can be overlapped with the replacement modification working section, can be overlapped with the three working sections of sol-gel, aging and replacement modification, can be integrated in a single device, and can be combined into a front-back through combined device by corresponding to one device respectively.
The radio frequency radiation fast preparation aerogel host machine can be heated only by radio frequency radiation, or only by a heating system, or by a combination of radio frequency radiation heating and heating of the heating system when heating is needed in a sol-gel working section, an aging working section or a replacement modification working section; in the drying section, the drying can be carried out by only adopting radio frequency radiation, or only adopting inert gas hot air drying, or adopting radio frequency radiation drying and inert gas hot air drying combined drying.
The radio frequency radiation rapid aerogel preparation host machine is provided with a radio frequency generator, the working frequency of radio frequency emitted by the radio frequency generator is 300KHz to 300GHz, the radio frequency output power is 250W to 1000kW, and the radio frequency radiation can be applied to all working sections and can also be applied to only part of the working sections.
The radio frequency radiation fast preparation aerogel host computer is provided with a monitoring device and an automatic control device; the monitoring device comprises one or more of a metal monitoring device, a temperature monitoring device, an oxygen concentration monitoring device, an organic gas monitoring device and a video monitoring device, the metal particle size range monitored by the metal monitoring device is more than 0.1mm, the temperature range monitored by the temperature monitoring device is-50 to 300 ℃, and the oxygen concentration range monitored by the oxygen concentration monitoring device is 0.01 to 25 percent; the automatic control device comprises a PLC control system device or a DCS control system device or a safety interlocking device, and a control interface of the automatic control device can be far away from a working site; the radio frequency generator and the equipment working motor can realize remote or on-site automatic control, safety interlocking or emergency stop through the monitoring device and the automatic control device.
The radio frequency radiation prepares the aerogel host computer fast, have the inner bag that link up from beginning to end, can obstruct moisture or acid component or alkali component or organic component and other working parts direct contact of host computer outside the inner bag in the production process, the inner bag material is polymer or pottery or glass, the inner bag can be a whole also can be the multistage concatenation.
The radio frequency radiation prepares aerogel host computer fast, has track conveyor in the inner bag, this conveyor's material is polymer or pottery or glass, conveyor can be a whole strip in the host computer also can be the multistage concatenation, track speed is 0.1m/min ~25m/min adjustable, track conveyor can be solid, also can be the mesh.
The radio frequency radiation prepares aerogel host computer fast, has the passageway on the inner bag, can link up or close with the raw and auxiliary materials system, inert gas system, heating system, recovery system, the three wastes processing system of host computer outside.
The radio frequency radiation prepares the aerogel host computer fast, is provided with inert gas closed air curtain at the entry and the exit that the radio frequency radiation prepares the aerogel host computer fast, all has inert gas to blow into the passageway and draw out the passageway in each workshop section of host computer, blows into the amount of wind of passageway and draw out the passageway and is basically the same and maintains the host computer inside to be in the pressure-fired.
The recovery system recovers the gas amount from the main machine inner container, wherein the gas amount is basically equal to the sum of the gas amount evaporated by the raw auxiliary material injected by the raw auxiliary material system and the gas amount injected by the inert gas system.
The aging section is overlapped with the sol-gel section, namely the two technological processes of sol-gel and aging are successively completed in the aging section by adjusting the speed of a crawler conveyor in the liner; the aging working section is overlapped with the replacement modification working section, which means that the material is subjected to two technological processes of aging and replacement modification at the working section at the same time; the three working sections of sol-gel, aging and replacement modification are overlapped, namely the materials have self-hydrophobic components in the mixture ratio, the hydrophobic modification is synchronously completed when the sol-gel process is completed, and then only the aging process is needed, and the replacement modification process is not needed.
Besides being mutually connected and communicated with the main machine for quickly preparing the aerogel by using the radio frequency radiation, the raw and auxiliary material system, the inert gas system, the heat supply system, the recovery system and the three-waste treatment system are also connected with one another by a channel and a pump, so that the related exchange of materials or heat can be carried out. For example, the heat supply system can provide heat for the raw and auxiliary materials system, the inert gas system, the recovery system and the three-waste treatment system, and the raw and auxiliary materials and the inert gas treated by the recovery system are returned to the raw and auxiliary materials system and the inert gas system.
Radio frequency radiation prepare aerogel host computer fast, have monitoring device and automatic control device, show the automation level and the safety control level that have promoted production.
Radio frequency radiation prepare the inner bag of aerogel host computer fast, the material is polymer or pottery or glass, both played organic gas in the effectual isolation inner bag and acid, alkali component etc. get into outside the host computer inner bag, eliminate the potential safety hazard, improve the operational environment of parts such as radio frequency generator, can also let radio frequency generator send the radio frequency effectively to penetrate and act on the relevant material of aerogel preparation, promote the radio frequency radiation utilization ratio.
Inert gas closed gas curtains are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the main machine for quickly preparing the aerogel through radio frequency radiation, so that the continuous automatic safe production of the main machine is ensured, and the influence of the external air and the material entering and exiting on the atmosphere in the inner container of the main machine is eliminated.
The radio frequency radiation has two effects on the rapid preparation of the aerogel, namely a heating effect and a chemical effect. The raw and auxiliary materials prepared from the aerogel often contain polar molecules such as water, an ethanol diluent and the like, under the action of a rapidly changing radio frequency field (300KHz to 300GHz), the polar orientation of the raw and auxiliary materials changes along with the change of an external radio frequency field to cause the spin motion effect of the polar molecules, and at the moment, the field energy of the radio frequency field is converted into heat energy in a medium to increase the temperature of the material, so that the aim of radio frequency heating is fulfilled.
The chemical action of the radio frequency radiation is very complex, besides the thermal effect, a non-thermal effect which is not caused by temperature exists, the kinetic property of the reaction can be changed, the activation energy of the reaction is reduced, the material and energy exchange among materials is accelerated, the reaction process is further accelerated, and the process reaction time is obviously shortened. The radio frequency radiation in the invention has obvious effect in accelerating the technological process of the aging working section and the replacement modification working section of the aerogel preparation.
The invention also discloses a method for quickly preparing the aerogel by using the radio frequency radiation, the radio frequency radiation is carried out in the preparation process of the aerogel, the working frequency of the radio frequency radiation is 300KHz to 300GHz, and the radio frequency output power is 250W to 1000kW, and the specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) Adjusting the pH value of the sol by acid or alkali to directly form gel or form gel after soaking the fiber;
(2) Carrying out radio frequency radiation on the gel to accelerate aging;
(3) Soaking the gel in a replacement modifier, and performing radio frequency radiation to accelerate replacement modification;
(4) And drying the gel to obtain the aerogel.
The sol is one or more of silica sol, phenolic sol, alumina sol, zirconia sol, titania sol, iron oxide sol, tungsten oxide sol, vanadium oxide sol, strontium oxide sol, magnesium oxide sol, copper oxide sol, indium oxide sol, gallium oxide sol, tin oxide sol, bismuth oxide sol, manganese oxide sol, cobalt oxide sol, nickel oxide sol, zinc oxide sol, cadmium oxide sol, chromium oxide sol, tungsten oxide sol, yttrium oxide sol, scandium oxide sol, cerium oxide sol, lanthanum oxide sol, europium oxide sol, neodymium oxide sol, terbium oxide sol, praseodymium oxide sol and samarium oxide sol.
The fiber comprises one or more of terylene, chinlon, spandex, acrylon, aramid fiber, polyamide fiber, polyacrylonitrile pre-oxidation fiber, kevlar fiber, cellulose fiber, carbon fiber, quartz fiber, high silica fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, glass fiber, rock wool fiber, mullite fiber, silicon carbide fiber, silicon nitride fiber, alumina fiber, boron nitride fiber, basalt fiber, brucite fiber and attapulgite fiber.
The drying can be inert gas hot air drying, or radio frequency radiation drying and inert gas hot air drying combined drying.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the production line for quickly preparing aerogel through radio frequency radiation and the preparation method have the following remarkable advantages.
1) The production efficiency is obviously improved. The traditional supercritical drying process or normal pressure drying process usually needs tens of hours to several days for producing the aerogel, and the whole production process can be completed within 1 to 5 hours by adopting the invention.
2) Can realize continuous full-automatic production. The invention overcomes the problem that the traditional production line can only carry out intermittent semi-automatic production, can realize continuous full-automatic production and even unmanned production, greatly promotes the automation and intellectualization of the production level of the aerogel industry, and realizes the high-end manufacture of high-end new materials.
3) Is beneficial to the control of product quality and the safety guarantee of production. The invention has high automation, is easy to ensure the consistency of the quality of each batch of products, greatly reduces field operators in workshops, avoids misoperation of personnel, reduces the contact probability of the personnel and dangerous chemicals such as ethanol and the like, and greatly improves the life safety guarantee of the field operators.
4) Can be suitable for the production of various forms of aerogel products. The traditional production line can only be used for producing products in a single form generally, the production line can be suitable for producing products in various forms such as aerogel powder, aerogel particles, aerogel felts, aerogel plates, aerogel cloth, aerogel films and the like, the flexibility and the applicability of production are greatly widened, the product application expansion of enterprises is facilitated, and the equipment investment is saved.
5) The invention is suitable for the production of aerogel powder with various components. In addition to traditional silica aerogel, the invention is also applicable to the production of carbon aerogel, alumina aerogel, zirconia aerogel, titanium oxide aerogel, iron oxide aerogel, tungsten oxide aerogel, vanadium oxide aerogel, strontium oxide aerogel, magnesium oxide aerogel, copper oxide aerogel, indium oxide aerogel, gallium oxide aerogel, tin oxide aerogel, bismuth oxide aerogel, manganese oxide aerogel, cobalt oxide aerogel, nickel oxide aerogel, zinc oxide aerogel, cadmium oxide aerogel, chromium oxide aerogel, tungsten oxide aerogel, yttrium oxide aerogel, scandium oxide aerogel, cerium oxide aerogel, lanthanum oxide aerogel, europium oxide aerogel, neodymium oxide aerogel, terbium oxide aerogel, praseodymium oxide aerogel, aerogel oxide aerogel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the components of an apparatus for a production line for rapidly preparing aerogel by radio frequency radiation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sol-gel process for rapidly preparing an aerogel host by radio frequency radiation;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an aging section of a host machine for rapidly preparing aerogel by radio frequency radiation;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a host replacement modification station for rapid preparation of aerogel by radio frequency radiation;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a drying section of a host machine for rapidly preparing aerogel by using radio frequency radiation.
In the figure, 1 is a radio frequency radiation rapid aerogel preparation host machine, 2 is a raw and auxiliary material system, 3 is an inert gas system, 4 is a heat supply system, 5 is a recovery system, and 6 is a three-waste treatment system; 7 to 10 are working sections for rapidly preparing the aerogel host by radio frequency radiation, wherein 7 is a sol-gel working section, 8 is an aging working section, 9 is a replacement modification working section, and 10 is a drying working section; 11 to 23 are main structural parts of each section of a host machine for quickly preparing aerogel by radio frequency radiation, wherein 11 is an outer box body of the host machine, 12 is an inner container of the host machine, 13 is an automatic control device of the host machine, 14 is an inlet channel for inert gas to enter the inner container of the host machine, 15 is a radio frequency generator of the host machine, 16 is an outlet channel for gas in the inner container of the host machine to enter a recovery system and a three-waste treatment system, 17 is a monitoring device of the host machine, 18 is a liquid raw and auxiliary material spraying device, 19 is a crawler conveying device in the inner container of the host machine, 20 is a channel for a displacing and modifying section displacing agent and modifying agent to enter the inner container of the host machine from a raw and auxiliary material system, 21 is a channel for displacing and modifying waste liquid to enter the recovery system and the three-waste treatment system, 22 is an air equalizing net for improving hot air distribution in a drying section, and 23 is an inlet channel for inert gas preheated by a heat supply system to enter the inner container of the host machine.
Detailed Description
The production line and the preparation method for rapidly preparing aerogel by radio frequency radiation according to the present invention are described in more detail by the following specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the radio frequency radiation rapid aerogel preparation production line of the present invention comprises a radio frequency radiation rapid aerogel preparation host 1, a raw material and auxiliary material system 2, an inert gas system 3, a heat supply system 4, a recovery system 5, and a three-waste treatment system 6; the method for rapidly preparing the aerogel host 1 by radio frequency radiation comprises a sol-gel working section 7, an aging working section 8, a replacement modification working section 9 and a drying working section 10.
As shown in fig. 2, the sol-gel section 7 for rapidly preparing aerogel by radio frequency radiation comprises an outer box 11 of a main machine, an inner container 12 of the main machine, an automatic control device 13 of the main machine, an inlet channel 14 for inert gas to enter the inner container of the main machine, a radio frequency generator 15 of the main machine, an outlet channel 16 for gas in the inner container of the main machine to enter a recovery system and a three-waste treatment system, a monitoring device 17 of the main machine, a liquid raw and auxiliary material spraying device 18, and a crawler conveying device 19 in the inner container of the main machine.
As shown in fig. 3, the host machine aging section 8 for rapidly preparing aerogel by radio frequency radiation comprises an outer box 11 of the host machine, an inner container 12 of the host machine, an automatic control device 13 of the host machine, an inlet channel 14 for inert gas to enter the inner container of the host machine, a radio frequency generator 15 of the host machine, an outlet channel 16 for gas in the inner container of the host machine to enter a recovery system and a three-waste treatment system, a monitoring device 17 of the host machine, a liquid raw and auxiliary material spraying device 18, and a crawler conveying device 19 in the inner container of the host machine.
As shown in fig. 4, a host replacement modification section 9 for rapidly preparing aerogel by radio frequency radiation comprises an outer box 11 of a host, an inner container 12 of the host, an automatic control device 13 of the host, an inlet channel 14 for inert gas to enter the inner container of the host, a radio frequency generator 15 of the host, an outlet channel 16 for gas in the inner container of the host to enter a recovery system and a three-waste treatment system, a monitoring device 17 of the host, a crawler conveying device 19 in the inner container of the host, a channel 20 for a displacing agent and a modifying agent to enter the inner container of the host from a raw material and auxiliary material system, and a channel 21 for a displaced and modified waste liquid to enter the recovery system and the three-waste treatment system.
As shown in fig. 5, a host replacement drying section 10 for rapidly preparing aerogel by radio frequency radiation comprises an outer box 11 of a host, an inner container 12 of the host, an automatic control device 13 of the host, an inlet channel 14 for inert gas to enter the inner container of the host, a radio frequency generator 15 of the host, an outlet channel 16 for gas in the inner container of the host to enter a recovery system and a three-waste treatment system, a monitoring device 17 of the host, a crawler conveyor 19 in the inner container of the host, an air equalizing net 22 for improving hot air distribution in the drying section, and an inlet channel 23 for inert gas preheated by a heat supply system to enter the inner container of the host.
In the above illustration, the automatic control device 13 and the rf generator 15 of the host are located between the external case 11 of the host and the internal container 12 of the host; the metal monitoring device and the organic gas monitoring device in the monitoring device 17 are positioned between the outer box body 11 of the main machine and the inner container 12 of the main machine, and the temperature monitoring device, the oxygen concentration monitoring device and the video monitoring device are positioned in the inner container 12 of the main machine.
The liquid raw material spraying device 18 in fig. 2 and fig. 3 has different functions in two working sections, the liquid raw material spraying device 18 in fig. 2 is used for spraying liquid sol of a raw material system so as to provide a sol-gel glue source (such as diluted and pH-adjusted silica sol), and the liquid raw material spraying device 18 in fig. 3 is used for spraying a liquid humectant (such as ethanol or water) of the raw material system so as to moisturize a gel undergoing aging and avoid excessive volatilization of moisture in the gel.
The crawler belt conveying device in fig. 2 to 5 may be a solid crawler belt or a mesh crawler belt, and the form of the crawler belt in each section is preferably different according to different product conditions. For example, all section crawler belts for producing aerogel particles and powder are preferably solid crawler belts; for example, in the production of aerogel blankets or aerogel boards, solid tracks are preferred in the sol-gel section 7, solid tracks or mesh tracks are preferred in the aging section 8, and mesh tracks are preferred in the replacement modification section 9 and the drying section 10.
According to different shapes of aerogel products, the material inlet and the material outlet of the aerogel host 1 are also provided with corresponding discharging and receiving devices by radio frequency radiation.
The invention is further illustrated below in connection with one example of the production of silica aerogel insulation blankets:
first, the inert gas in the main body inner container 12 is replaced. Before feeding, the inert gas enters a channel 14 of a main machine inner container, the carbon dioxide in the inert gas system 3 is injected into the main machine inner container 12, carbon dioxide closed air curtains are arranged on the inner containers 12 at the inlet and the outlet of the main machine 1 to prevent external air from entering the inner containers, then the channel 16 of a recovery system and a three-waste treatment system for the gas in the main machine inner container is opened to recover the gas or treat the three wastes in the main machine inner container 12, the air inlet amount blown into the channel 14 and the air outlet amount of the channel 16 are controlled to keep the micro-positive pressure in the main machine inner container 12, when the oxygen concentration fed back by a monitoring device 17 and an oxygen concentration monitoring device in the inner container 12 is lower than 2%, a raw and auxiliary material system 2 is started, and an automatic control device 13 and the monitoring device 17 are started to prepare for production and feeding.
In a sol-gel section 7, a feeding device (unreeling machine) at the front end of a host 1 and a conveying device (tetrafluoroethylene track) in a host liner 12 are used for guiding one end of a 10 mm-thick glass fiber mat from a raw and auxiliary material system 2 into the host liner 12, meanwhile, a metal monitoring device of a monitoring device 17 is used for monitoring whether the glass fiber mat has metal particles, when the passing glass fiber mat is conveyed to the host sol-gel section 7, a liquid raw and auxiliary material spraying device 18 is used for spraying water glass silicon source silica sol (the process ratio is referred to as CN 102703529) which is diluted by the raw and auxiliary material system 2 to remove impurities and adjust the PH value onto the glass fiber mat, the spraying flow of the spraying device 18 and the speed of the conveying device 19 are adjusted, so that the sprayed silica sol just permeates the glass fiber mat below the monitoring device 17, if the organic gas concentration monitoring device of the monitoring device 17 feeds back normally, a radio frequency generator 15 of the sol-gel section 7 of the host 1 is started, a temperature detection device of the monitoring device 17 is started at the same time, the working frequency of the radio frequency generator 15 is 27.12MHz, the power of the radio frequency detector is 50kW, and the temperature of the glass fiber mat fed back to the monitoring device of the monitoring device is guaranteed to be about 10 minutes and the temperature of the glass fiber to be aged at the temperature of the glass fiber forming process of 10 minutes after the glass fiber forming.
In the aging section 8, a proper amount of humectant (ethanol-water mixture with 80% ethanol content) which is preheated to 40 ℃ by a heating system 4 and comes from a raw material system 2 is sprayed on the glass fiber mat silicon dioxide composite gel through a spraying device 18, a radio frequency generator 15 of the aging section 8 of a host 1 is started, a temperature detection device of a monitoring device 17 is started at the same time, the working frequency of the radio frequency generator 15 is 2450MHz, the power is 60 to 100kw, the temperature fed back by the temperature detection device of the monitoring device 17 is ensured to be 45 to 70 ℃, the surface of the glass fiber mat silicon dioxide composite gel observed by a video monitoring device of the monitoring device 17 is moist and has no cracks or shrinkage, after about 25 minutes, the aging is completed, and the gel material enters a replacement modification section 9.
In a replacement modification section 9, a replacement modifier (a mixture of sulfuric acid, ethanol and hexamethyldisilazane) which is preheated to 60 ℃ by a heat supply system 4 and is from a raw and auxiliary material system 2 is firstly led into the replacement modification section 9 of a host through a channel 20 of a host liner, when a gel material enters the replacement modification section 9, a channel 21 at the bottom of a liner 12 of the replacement modification section 9 is opened in a small range, the replacement modifier in the liner 12 is led into a recovery system 5 for recycling, meanwhile, a new replacement modifier is replenished from the channel 20, the height of the replacement modifier in the liner 12 is higher than 5mm above the surface of glass fiber mat silicon dioxide composite gel, a radio frequency generator 15 of the replacement modification section 9 of the host 1 is started, a temperature detection device of a monitoring device 17 is started at the same time, the working frequency of the radio frequency generator 15 is MHz, the power is between 60 and 100kw, the temperature fed back by the temperature detection device of the monitoring device 17 is ensured to be 45 to 70 ℃, the surface of the glass fiber silicon dioxide composite gel seen by the video monitoring device of the monitoring device 17 is covered by the replacement modifier, and after about 30 minutes, the replacement modifier is dried, and the gel material enters the gel material drying section 10.
In the drying section 10, carbon dioxide gas preheated by the heating system 4 at a temperature of 105 ℃ is introduced from an inlet channel 23 of the host 1, gel materials are blown through an air-equalizing net 22, meanwhile, a radio frequency generator 15 of the drying section 10 of the host 1 is started, the working frequency of the radio frequency generator 15 is 2450MHz, the power is 60-150kw, the temperature fed back by a temperature detection device of a monitoring device 17 is ensured to be 70-120 ℃, the air suction volume of a gas extraction channel 16 of the drying section 10 is adjusted, the air pressure in an inner container 12 of the drying section 10 is slightly positive pressure and slightly lower than the air pressure of a carbon dioxide gas closed air curtain blown in an outlet of the host 1 through an inlet channel 14, the gas extracted from the extraction channel 16 enters a recovery system 5 for recycling or enters a three-waste treatment system 6 for treatment and is discharged after reaching the standard, drying is completed after about 30 minutes, and the aerogel blanket is subjected to adiabatic rolling through a material receiving device (rolling machine) at an outlet of the host.
In the production process, the monitoring device 17 works in a full range, and once the monitoring device monitors that the organic gas in the inner container 12 of the main machine 1 escapes, or the temperature of the gas in the inner container exceeds the standard, the oxygen concentration exceeds the standard or the metal particles are monitored, the automatic control device 13 starts a safety chain or an emergency stop.
Thus, the continuous high-automation-level rapid production of aerogel materials can be realized by the present invention.
The above-described embodiments are only intended to illustrate the inventive concept of the present invention and not to limit the protection of the claims of the present invention, and any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above-described embodiments according to the technical and methodological substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical and methodological aspects of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A production line for rapidly preparing aerogel by radio frequency radiation is characterized by comprising a main machine (1) for rapidly preparing aerogel by radio frequency radiation, a raw and auxiliary material system (2), an inert gas system (3), a heat supply system (4), a recovery system (5) and a three-waste treatment system (6); the main machine (1) for quickly preparing the aerogel by using the radio frequency radiation is provided with a radio frequency generator (15), a monitoring device (17), an automatic control device (13) and a liner (12) which is communicated with the front and the back, a track conveying device (19) is arranged in the liner (12), and a channel is arranged on the liner (12) and can be communicated with or closed off a raw and auxiliary material system (2), an inert gas system (3), a heat supply system (4), a recovery system (5) and a three-waste treatment system (6); the equipment comprises the following components:
(1) Rapidly preparing an aerogel host (1) by radio frequency radiation;
the radio frequency radiation rapid aerogel host (1) comprises a sol-gel working section (7), an aging working section (8), a replacement modification working section (9) and a drying working section (10); the front end and the rear end of the radio frequency radiation rapid aerogel preparation host (1) are respectively provided with a material discharging device and a material receiving device, and working motors on the host are all explosion-proof motors;
the sol-gel working section (7) for quickly preparing the aerogel host by using the radio frequency radiation comprises an outer box (11) of the host, an inner container (12) of the host, an automatic control device (13) of the host, a blowing-in channel I (14) for inert gas to enter the inner container of the host, a radio frequency generator (15) of the host, a pumping-out channel II (16) for gas in the inner container of the host to enter a recovery system and a three-waste treatment system, a monitoring device (17) of the host, a liquid raw and auxiliary material spraying device (18) and a crawler conveying device (19) in the inner container of the host;
the radio frequency radiation fast aerogel preparation host machine aging section (8) comprises an outer box (11) of a host machine, an inner container (12) of the host machine, an automatic control device (13) of the host machine, a blowing-in channel I (14) for inert gas to enter the inner container of the host machine, a radio frequency generator (15) of the host machine, a pumping-out channel II (16) for gas in the inner container of the host machine to enter a recovery system and a three-waste treatment system, a monitoring device (17) of the host machine, a liquid raw and auxiliary material spraying device (18) and a crawler conveying device (19) in the inner container of the host machine;
the host machine replacement modification working section (9) for rapidly preparing aerogel through radio frequency radiation comprises an outer box (11) of a host machine, an inner container (12) of the host machine, an automatic control device (13) of the host machine, a blowing-in channel I (14) for inert gas to enter the inner container of the host machine, a radio frequency generator (15) of the host machine, a pumping-out channel II (16) for gas in the inner container of the host machine to enter a recovery system and a three-waste treatment system, a monitoring device (17) of the host machine, a crawler conveying device (19) in the inner container of the host machine, a channel III (20) for a displacing agent and a modifying agent to enter the inner container of the host machine from a raw material and auxiliary material system, and a channel IV (21) for displacing and modifying waste liquid to enter the recovery system and the three-waste treatment system;
the main machine replacement drying section (10) for rapidly preparing the aerogel through radio frequency radiation comprises an outer box (11) of a main machine, an inner container (12) of the main machine, an automatic control device (13) of the main machine, a blowing-in channel I (14) for inert gas to enter the inner container of the main machine, a radio frequency generator (15) of the main machine, a pumping-out channel II (16) for gas in the inner container of the main machine to enter a recovery system and a three-waste treatment system, a monitoring device (17) of the main machine, a crawler conveying device (19) in the inner container of the main machine, an air equalizing net (22) for improving hot air distribution in the drying section, and a blowing-in channel V (23) for inert gas preheated by a heat supply system to enter the inner container of the main machine;
the automatic control device (13) and the radio frequency generator (15) of the main machine are positioned between the main machine outer box body (11) and the main machine inner container (12); a metal monitoring device and an organic gas monitoring device in the monitoring device (17) are positioned between an outer box body (11) of the main machine and an inner container (12) of the main machine, and a temperature monitoring device, an oxygen concentration monitoring device and a video monitoring device are positioned in the inner container (12) of the main machine;
(2) A raw material and auxiliary material system (2);
the raw material and auxiliary material system (2) is used for supplying production raw materials and auxiliary materials, wherein the raw materials comprise one or more of an aerogel source, a fiber reinforced material and an infrared barrier material of aerogel, and the auxiliary materials comprise one or more of water, a diluent, a humectant, a displacing agent, a modifier, an acid and an alkali;
(3) An inert gas system (3);
the inert gas system (3) supplies inert gas to the main machine, ensures that the oxygen concentration in the main machine is lower than the minimum oxygen content required by the combustion or explosion of combustible gas in the main machine, and the inert gas comprises one or more of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, helium, argon and neon;
(4) A heating system (4);
the heat supply system (4) consists of a heat exchanger and a heat medium, wherein the heat medium comprises one or more of hot water, steam, heat conduction oil, air, inert gas and electric heating wires;
(5) A recovery system (5);
the recovery system (5) is used for recovering recyclable raw and auxiliary materials injected into the main machine by the raw and auxiliary material system and inert gases injected into the main machine by the inert gas system, and the recovery mode comprises one or more modes of condensation, evaporation, rectification, concentration, adsorption, filtration and screening;
(6) A three-waste treatment system (6);
the three-waste treatment system (6) is used for treating waste liquid, waste gas and waste solids which are generated in the production process and can not be recycled.
2. The production line of claim 1, wherein the main machine (1) for rapidly preparing aerogel by radio frequency radiation exists independently in the aging section (8), or overlaps with the sol-gel section (7), or overlaps with the replacement modification section (9), or overlaps with the three sections of the sol-gel section (7), the aging section (8), and the replacement modification section (9), and each section is integrated in a single device, or each section corresponds to a device and then is combined into a combined device which is through from front to back.
3. The production line of claim 1, wherein the radio frequency radiation fast aerogel preparation main machine (1) is heated only by radio frequency radiation, only by a heating system (4), or by a combination of radio frequency radiation heating and heating of the heating system (4) when the heating is needed in the sol-gel section (7), the aging section (8) or the replacement modification section (9); in the drying section (10), only radio frequency radiation drying is adopted, or only inert gas hot air drying is adopted, or radio frequency radiation drying and inert gas hot air drying are adopted for combined drying.
4. The production line for quickly preparing the aerogel by using the radio frequency radiation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the host machine (1) for quickly preparing the aerogel by using the radio frequency radiation is provided with a radio frequency generator (15), the working frequency of radio frequency emitted by the radio frequency generator is 300KHz to 300GHz, the radio frequency output power is 250W to 1000kW, and the radio frequency radiation is applied to all working sections or only part of the working sections.
5. The production line of aerogel quick preparation by radio frequency radiation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said main machine (1) of aerogel quick preparation by radio frequency radiation is provided with a monitoring device (17) and an automatic control device (13); the monitoring device (17) comprises one or more of a metal monitoring device, a temperature monitoring device, an oxygen concentration monitoring device, an organic gas monitoring device and a video monitoring device, the metal particle size range monitored by the metal monitoring device is more than 0.1mm, the temperature range monitored by the temperature monitoring device is-50 to 300 ℃, and the oxygen concentration range monitored by the oxygen concentration monitoring device is 0.01 to 25 percent; the automatic control device comprises a PLC control system device or a DCS control system device or a safety interlocking device; the radio frequency generator (15) and the equipment working motor realize remote or on-site automatic control, safe interlocking or emergency stop through the monitoring device (17) and the automatic control device (13).
6. The production line of claim 1, wherein the main machine (1) for rapidly preparing aerogel through radio frequency radiation is provided with a through inner container (12) which can prevent water, acid components, alkali components or organic components from directly contacting other working parts of the main machine outside the inner container in the production process, the inner container is made of polymer, ceramic or glass, and the inner container is integrally or multi-section spliced.
7. The production line of claim 1, wherein the main machine (1) for rapidly preparing aerogel by radio frequency radiation is provided with a crawler belt conveying device (19) in the inner container, the material of the conveying device is polymer, ceramic or glass, the conveying device is spliced in the main machine in a whole or multiple sections, the crawler belt speed is adjustable within a range of 0.1m/min to 25m/min, and the crawler belt conveying device is solid or meshed.
8. The production line of claim 1, wherein the inert gas system (3) is provided with inert gas closed gas curtains at the inlet and outlet of the main machine (1) for rapidly preparing aerogel by radio frequency radiation, each section of the main machine is provided with an inert gas blowing-in channel and an inert gas extracting channel, the blowing-in channel and the extracting channel have the same air volume, and the interior of the main machine is maintained at the micro positive pressure.
9. A method for quickly preparing aerogel by radio frequency radiation is characterized in that the production line for quickly preparing aerogel by radio frequency radiation as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 is adopted in the preparation process of aerogel, and the specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) Adjusting the pH value of the sol by acid or alkali to directly form gel or form gel after soaking the fiber;
the sol comprises one or more of silica sol, phenolic sol, alumina sol, zirconia sol, titania sol, iron oxide sol, tungsten oxide sol, vanadium oxide sol, strontium oxide sol, magnesium oxide sol, copper oxide sol, indium oxide sol, gallium oxide sol, tin oxide sol, bismuth oxide sol, manganese oxide sol, cobalt oxide sol, nickel oxide sol, zinc oxide sol, cadmium oxide sol, chromium oxide sol, yttrium oxide sol, scandium oxide sol, cerium oxide sol, lanthanum oxide sol, europium oxide sol, neodymium oxide sol, terbium oxide sol, praseodymium oxide sol and samarium oxide sol;
the fiber comprises one or more of terylene, chinlon, spandex, acrylon, aramid fiber, polyamide fiber, polyacrylonitrile pre-oxidized fiber, cellulose fiber, carbon fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, glass fiber, silicon carbide fiber, silicon nitride fiber, alumina fiber, boron nitride fiber, basalt fiber, brucite fiber and attapulgite fiber;
(2) Carrying out radio frequency radiation on the gel to accelerate aging;
(3) Soaking the gel in a replacement modifier, and performing radio frequency radiation to accelerate replacement modification;
(4) Drying the gel to obtain aerogel;
the drying is carried out by adopting inert gas hot air drying or radio frequency radiation drying and inert gas hot air drying combined drying.
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| CN106430224A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-22 | 昆山蓝胜建材有限公司 | Microwave drying oven and method for preparing sodium silicate aerogel by utilizing microwave drying method |
| CN109289717B (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2021-02-02 | 电子科技大学 | Preparation method of zirconium dioxide/titanium dioxide composite aerogel |
| CN109569448A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-04-05 | 西华大学 | Realize many varieties, self-interacting automatic integrated aerogel preparation facilities |
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| CN109794206A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-24 | 深圳中凝科技有限公司 | Linerless gel drying device and method |
| CN109794207A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-24 | 深圳中凝科技有限公司 | Linerless gel modification device and method |
| CN109775713A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-21 | 深圳中凝科技有限公司 | A kind of aeroge preparation system with conveying device |
| CN109772239A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-21 | 深圳中凝科技有限公司 | Device and method for curing and aging of gel without inner liner |
| CN109806817A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-28 | 深圳中凝科技有限公司 | Integrated gel modification and drying system and method |
| CN109772238A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-21 | 深圳中凝科技有限公司 | A kind of aeroge preparation system and method |
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