CN105572688A - Laser rain and snow particle imaging detector - Google Patents
Laser rain and snow particle imaging detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN105572688A CN105572688A CN201510989065.8A CN201510989065A CN105572688A CN 105572688 A CN105572688 A CN 105572688A CN 201510989065 A CN201510989065 A CN 201510989065A CN 105572688 A CN105572688 A CN 105572688A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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Abstract
The invention relates to a laser rain and snow particle imaging detector, and discloses a laser rain and snow particle imaging detector system. The detector is characterized in that a diffraction optical element is employed to shape a light beam emitted by a laser to flat-topped beam with uniformly distributed light intensity, the light intensity irradiated to each unit of an array photoelectric detector is uniformly distributed, and the signal voltage outputted by each unit of the array photoelectric detector is consistent so that when particles penetrate through the light beam and are imaged to the array photoelectric detector via a micro-optical system, whether the standard of covering each unit by particle shadows is the same is determined. A signal amplification circuit has the same amplification circuit gain multiple for each unit of the photoelectric detector, and the thresholds of a comparison signal determination circuit are the same so that the one-dimensional linear serial array photoelectric detector can be employed. By employing the system, the system can be accomplished only by a signal amplification circuit, a signal comparison determination circuit, and a signal processing module, and the requirement of an analog circuit and a digital signal processing circuit for the system is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to weather monitoring technical field, is laser sleet particle imaging detection instrument concretely.
Background technology
Precipitation is the key link of atmospheric water circulation, reflects the interaction of the multiple key elements such as the power of earth atmosphere, heating power, steam.Wherein, raindrop are main forms of precipitation particles, in the descent of raindrop gravitate in atmosphere, owing to being subject to the interaction of the many kinds of forces such as surface tension, aerodynamic force, internal pressure, turbulent flow, its yardstick, shape, speed, axial ratio, swing and the Microphysical such as spatial orientation and Spectral structure thereof character present different features.The correlationship of the yardstick of raindrop, shape, speed and Spectral structure and radar return is the important foundation of weather radar quantitative predication precipitation.
The Ground Meteorological monitoring instrument that can realize the display of precipitation particles shape and imaging at present in the world only has two kinds of instruments, the 2D video raindrop spectrometer (2D-VIDEO-DISTROMETER adopting high speed linear array scan pattern respectively, 2DVD) with the meteorological particle spectrometer (MeteorologicalParticleSpectrometer, MPS) adopting parallel array detection mode.2D video raindrop spectrometer is developed by Austrian JoanneumResearch company, system carries out linear scan by two orthogonal cameras to moving object, with the exact instrument of qualitative, quantitative record Precipitation Process, monitoring rainfall details, the total precipitation, size, intensity, raindrop movement velocity, raindrop size, shape and raindrop distribution etc. can be measured.2DVD is made up of outdoor sensor unit, outdoor electrical unit and indoor user terminal three parts, and weight is about 80kg.Meteorological particle spectrometer is developed by DropletMeasurementTechnology company of the U.S., the said firm is by its airborne precipitation particles imager (CloudImageProbe, CIP) principle of work is applied to surface precipitation particle detection, system can realize the direct measurement of precipitation particles shape, size, decline rate, being obtained the results such as precipitation intensity by aftertreatment, is raindrop or solid precipitation by image resolution.Because MPS technical scheme derives from CIP, therefore the system angle of divergence that adopt cylindrical mirror compress a laser beam direction the same as CIP forms band hot spot and irradiates, and what acquisition of signal adopted is 64 unit parallel optoelectronic detectors.
In above two kinds of detection instruments, there are the following problems for 2DVD: first precipitation particles did not mate through the time of upper and lower 2 light beams, can cause the speed error of calculation; When there being horizontal wind to exist, particle through the displacement of measured zone meeting occurred level, thus causes the distortion of particle picture; And the shape of 2DVD fence also can cause having the quantitative error of small-particle under wind condition.Secondly the scanning probe mode of 2DVD causes post processing mode complicated, and electronic circuit cell is too huge, and system bulk is large.There are the following problems for MPS: adopt the mode of cylindrical mirror compression laser beam to make full use of laser energy, but the problem that Gaussian beam light distribution is uneven can not be solved, the beam intensity be radiated on each detector cells differs, make the signal amplification circuit gain of each unit inconsistent, debugging trouble.Parallel optoelectronic detector is applicable to detect high-speed moving object in addition, surface precipitation particle detection for low speed is not optimal selection, because each unit of parallel detecting device needs the independent subsequent process circuit such as amplifying circuit, Acquisition Circuit, complex structure, debugging difficulty is large.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention, is just to provide a kind of laser sleet particle imaging detection instrument, adopts serial array photodetector, reduces the requirement of system to mimic channel and digital signal processing circuit.
The present invention for overcoming the above problems the technical scheme provided is, laser sleet particle imaging detection instrument, comprise drive circuit for laser, generating laser, optical mirror slip, diffraction optical element, a catoptron, No. two catoptrons, micro-imaging optical module, array photodetectors, signal amplification circuit, signal multilevel iudge circuit and signal processing module, wherein said drive circuit for laser controls laser transmitter projects laser, laser diffracted optical element after optical mirror slip beam-expanding collimation is shaped as the flat top beam of uniform intensity, flat top beam is irradiated to a catoptron and is irradiated to No. two catoptrons through reflection levels, No. two catoptrons are passed to micro-imaging optical module by after flat top beam again secondary reflection, array photodetectors is imaged onto by micro-imaging optical module by the particle that light beam passes, array photodetectors is one-dimensional linear serial array photodetector, output signal and be amplified into light beam image in signal multilevel iudge circuit judges array photodetectors through signal amplification circuit and whether exist and blocked by particle, information after judgement is passed to signal processing module by described signal multilevel iudge circuit.Use diffraction optical element that laser instrument transmitted beam is shaped as the uniform flat top beam of light distribution, thus the light distribution be irradiated on the unit of array photodetectors is even, array photodetectors each element output signal voltage is consistent, the standard whether each unit of described signal multilevel iudge circuit is covered by particle shade is identical, the amplifying circuit gain factor of each unit of signal amplification circuit pair array photodetector is identical, and signal multilevel iudge circuit judges circuit threshold value is identical.Therefore system can not need to use parallel array photodetector, and adopt the Serial output array photodetectors only having a road signal to export, aftertreatment Zhi Xu mono-road signal amplification circuit, a road signal multilevel iudge circuit and a road signal processing module just can complete, and reduce the requirement of system to mimic channel and digital signal processing circuit.
Further, signal processing module and peripheral information model calling.Peripheral information module comprises temperature and humidity detecting device, GPS locator, electronic compass and gyroscope, is respectively used to obtain ambient temperature data, humidity data, geographical location information, the laser sleet particle imaging detection instrument attitude information residing for laser sleet particle imaging detection instrument.
Further, generating laser exports single mode red visible light wavelength laser.
Further, optical mirror slip is beam-expanding collimation eyeglass, by expanding increase Beam waist radius, is reduced the angle of divergence of light beam by collimation compression.
Further, signal processing module includes data communication unit, by wireless transmission approach such as 3G, 4G and WIFI, laser sleet particle imaging detection instrument result of detection is transferred to data terminal.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, the uniform flat top beam of light distribution is shaped as by using diffraction optical element laser instrument transmitted beam, thus Zhi Xu mono-road signal amplification circuit, a road signal multilevel iudge circuit and a road signal processing module just can complete, reduce the requirement of system to mimic channel and digital signal processing circuit.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described, realizes the present invention to enable those skilled in the art.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is laser sleet particle imaging detection instrument structural representation;
Mark in figure: 1 be drive circuit for laser, 2 be generating laser, 3 be optical mirror slip, 4 be micro-imaging optical module, 8 be array photodetectors, 9 be signal amplification circuit, 10 be signal multilevel iudge circuit, 11 be signal processing module, 12 be peripheral information module for diffraction optical element, 5 to be a catoptron, 6 be No. two catoptrons, 7.
Embodiment
The principle that the present invention measures sleet particle is: based on the cardinal rule of single particle counts, and employing red light semiconductor laser is light source, one-dimensional linear array serial optical electric explorer Received signal strength.When search coverage without particle by time, light source all the time uniform irradiation on detector array.When tested particle is by search coverage, is imaged onto on detector cells via micro-imaging optical module and forms shade.An image slice of the detector cells record particle be blocked at any one time is also stored, like this when particle is by sample region, each image slice will be stored successively according to time sequencing, this image slice just can be obtained complete particle two dimensional image according to particles descend speed sampling combination.Each detector cells has certain yardstick, is proportional to certain particle size, the maximal value of single particle all image slice combination and the diameter of corresponding particle.
As shown in Figure 1, laser sleet particle imaging detection instrument structural representation, comprises drive circuit for laser 1, generating laser 2, optical mirror slip 3, diffraction optical element 4, catoptron 5, No. two catoptrons 6, micro-imaging optical module 7, array photodetectors 8, signal amplification circuit 9, signal multilevel iudge circuit 10, signal processing module 11 and peripheral information module 12.Wherein said drive circuit for laser 1 controls generating laser 2 Emission Lasers, laser diffracted optical element 4 after optical mirror slip 3 beam-expanding collimation is shaped as the flat top beam of uniform intensity, flat top beam is irradiated to a catoptron 5 and is irradiated to No. two catoptrons 6 through reflection levels, No. two catoptrons 6 are passed to micro-imaging optical module 7 by after flat top beam again secondary reflection, array photodetectors 8 is imaged onto by micro-imaging optical module 7 by the particle that light beam passes, array photodetectors 8 outputs signal and is amplified into signal multilevel iudge circuit 10 through signal amplification circuit 9 and judges in array photodetectors 8 whether light beam image exists and blocked by particle, information after judgement is passed to signal processing module 11 by signal multilevel iudge circuit 10.Signal processing module 11 is connected with peripheral information module 12, peripheral information module 12 comprises temperature and humidity detecting device, GPS locator, electronic compass and gyroscope, is respectively used to obtain ambient temperature data, humidity data, geographical location information, the laser sleet particle imaging detection instrument attitude information residing for laser sleet particle imaging detection instrument.
Drive circuit for laser 1 driving laser transmitter 2 exports the laser of appropriate power, laser output power mW magnitude.Tail optical fiber Output of laser is with by generating laser 2, and laser is red visible light wavelength, and single transverse mode exports.Generating laser 2 the Output of laser angle of divergence and spot size after collimator and extender optical mirror slip 3 collimates meet diffraction optical element 4 input requirements.The beam emissions that collimated light beam is shaped as uniform intensity distribution by diffraction optical element 4 is gone out.
According to the size of sleet particle, the requirement as enlargement ratio and detection instrument physical dimension, design a catoptron 5 and No. two catoptrons 6 form 180 ° of turnover light paths to shorten system overall length, the region between two catoptrons is the sample region of sleet particle detection.Sample region length designs according to the Density Distribution of nature raindrop, ensures to gather enough sample sizes.Then by regulating micro-imaging optical module 7 enlargement ratio, be imaged in array photodetectors 8 after sleet particle is amplified, and image patch is clear.Array photodetectors 8 is one-dimensional linear array multiunit detector, signal Serial output.Unit detector outputs signal successively, and once all the cell signal Serial output time is Microsecond grade.The enlargement factor of micro-imaging optical module 7 is determined by the width of single-element detector and detection instrument resolution, width as single-element detector is 300 μm, corresponding detection minimum diameter is the sleet particle of 100 μm, then the enlargement factor of micro-imaging optical module 7 is adjusted to 3 times.
In order to eliminate the impact of the particle passed through from edge, sample region, the 1st of array photodetectors 8 is not used in last probe unit the size calculating particle, and all the other are effective probe unit.The resolution of particle detection and the product of effective number of unit are exactly the maximum range of detection instrument.The each probe unit of array photodetectors 8 has certain yardstick, by calculating the size that can be obtained particle by the unit number that shade blocks, the quantitative criteria whether probe unit is blocked be set as that its area is blocked 50%, be equal to or higher than this standard and namely think and be blocked.During without sleet particle by sample region, laser is radiated in array photodetectors 8 always, and each probe unit exports the signal of same magnitude.When sleet particle is through light beam sample region, owing to having blocked segment beam, each unit of detector will export the signal of different amplitude according to circumstance of occlusion, the signal waveform that each unit combination obtains is relevant to the size of particle.
Array photodetectors 8 outputs signal sends into signal multilevel iudge circuit 10 after amplifying circuit 9 amplifies, and signal multilevel iudge circuit 10 is provided with judgment threshold, and the signal higher than threshold value is converted to high level signal, and the signal lower than threshold value is converted to low level signal.The signal of binaryzation is finally gathered by signal processing module 11 and processes further, the circuit module that signal processing module 11 can be FPGA treatment circuit, DSP treatment circuit or embedded computer etc. have Signal sampling and processing function.Signal processing module 11 carries out corresponding calculating to the signal gathered, calculate the size of particle, and the particle of different size is included in different particle size passage, the signal in each moment is obtained the two-dimensional image information of particle simultaneously according to particles descend speed sampling combination, and measure the total precipitation, size, intensity, sleet Particles Moving speed, size, shape and distribution etc. according to volume size distribution.Signal processing module 11 has data communication facility simultaneously, related data can be sent to other data terminal.
Above technical scheme can realize a kind of laser sleet imaging detection instrument of convenient signal treatment, is applicable to the applications such as weather monitoring, weather radar analytic set, atmospheric physics research and traffic control, airport observation, hydrography.
Claims (5)
1. laser sleet particle imaging detection instrument, comprise drive circuit for laser (1), generating laser (2), optical mirror slip (3), diffraction optical element (4), a catoptron (5), No. two catoptrons (6), micro-imaging optical module (7), array photodetectors (8), signal amplification circuit (9), signal multilevel iudge circuit (10) and signal processing module (11), it is characterized in that: described drive circuit for laser (1) controls generating laser (2) Emission Lasers, laser diffracted optical element (4) after optical mirror slip (3) beam-expanding collimation is shaped as the flat top beam of uniform intensity, described flat top beam be irradiated to a catoptron (5) after reflection horizontal irradiation to No. two catoptrons (6), described No. two catoptrons (6) will be passed to micro-imaging optical module (7) after flat top beam again secondary reflection, array photodetectors (8) is imaged onto by micro-imaging optical module (7) by the particle that light beam passes, described array photodetectors (8) is one-dimensional linear serial array photodetector, output signal and be amplified into signal multilevel iudge circuit (10) through signal amplification circuit (9) and judge whether the middle light beam image of array photodetectors (8) exists and blocked by particle, information after judgement is passed to signal processing module (11) by described signal multilevel iudge circuit (10), described array photodetectors (8) each element output signal voltage is identical, the gain amplifier of described signal amplification circuit (9) pair array photodetector (8) each element output signal is identical, it is identical that described signal multilevel iudge circuit (10) judges whether array photodetectors (8) each unit is covered by particle the threshold value used.
2. laser sleet particle imaging detection instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described signal processing module (11) is connected with peripheral information module (12), described peripheral information module (12) comprises temperature and humidity detecting device, GPS locator, electronic compass and gyroscope, is respectively used to obtain ambient temperature data, humidity data, geographical location information, the laser sleet particle imaging detection instrument attitude information residing for laser sleet particle imaging detection instrument.
3. laser sleet particle imaging detection instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described generating laser (2) exports single mode red visible light wavelength laser.
4. laser sleet particle imaging detection instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described optical mirror slip (3) is beam-expanding collimation eyeglass.
5. laser sleet particle imaging detection instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described signal processing module (11) includes data communication unit, transmits laser sleet particle imaging detection instrument result of detection by 3G, 4G and WIFI.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN106770055A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-05-31 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring system and method based on laser reflection principle |
| CN106770038A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-05-31 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring system and method based on laser refraction principle |
| CN108645407A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-10-12 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | A kind of compound no drag mode realization device and method towards high-precision independent navigation |
| CN108693121A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-10-23 | 上海磐波智能科技有限公司 | water quality transparency detection device |
| CN109143413A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-04 | 深圳市银河系科技有限公司 | A kind of rainfall measuring method and device based on image recognition |
| WO2019144443A1 (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2019-08-01 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | Dual wire diode array device and measurement method and measurement device for particle velocity |
| CN112129967A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-12-25 | 国网河南省电力公司检修公司 | Laser speed measuring device used for testing of high voltage switch just opening speed and just closing speed |
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Cited By (10)
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| CN106770055A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-05-31 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of Regional Rainfall uniformity measuring system and method based on laser reflection principle |
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| CN108693121A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-10-23 | 上海磐波智能科技有限公司 | water quality transparency detection device |
| WO2019144443A1 (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2019-08-01 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | Dual wire diode array device and measurement method and measurement device for particle velocity |
| US11828905B2 (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2023-11-28 | Institute Of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Dual line diode array device and measurement method and measurement device for particle velocity |
| CN108645407A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-10-12 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | A kind of compound no drag mode realization device and method towards high-precision independent navigation |
| CN109143413A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-04 | 深圳市银河系科技有限公司 | A kind of rainfall measuring method and device based on image recognition |
| CN112129967A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-12-25 | 国网河南省电力公司检修公司 | Laser speed measuring device used for testing of high voltage switch just opening speed and just closing speed |
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Application publication date: 20160511 |