CN105570973A - Inner wall thermal heating system utilizing solar energy - Google Patents
Inner wall thermal heating system utilizing solar energy Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- DGLRDKLJZLEJCY-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogenphosphate dodecahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O DGLRDKLJZLEJCY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
- F24D15/02—Other domestic- or space-heating systems consisting of self-contained heating units, e.g. storage heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/14—Solar energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Central Heating Systems (AREA)
Abstract
一种利用太阳能的墙内壁蓄热采暖系统，其特征在于该系统包括：太阳能集热器1通过保温循环管2与盘管4相连，盘管4埋在墙体内侧的定型相变材料层7中，定型相变材料层7夹于两侧的混凝土层6中，墙体内的盘管4进、出口处均设有截止阀3，保温循环管2上设置有泵5。太阳能集热器1为平板集热板，定型相变材料6为石蜡定型相变材料，盘管4的盘曲方式为蛇形。
A heat storage and heating system on the inner wall of a wall utilizing solar energy, which is characterized in that the system includes: a solar heat collector 1 connected to a coil pipe 4 through a thermal insulation circulation pipe 2, and the coil pipe 4 is embedded in a shaped phase-change material layer 7 inside the wall Among them, the stereotyped phase change material layer 7 is sandwiched between the concrete layers 6 on both sides, the inlet and outlet of the coil pipe 4 in the wall are provided with a stop valve 3 , and the heat preservation circulation pipe 2 is provided with a pump 5 . The solar heat collector 1 is a flat heat collecting plate, the shaped phase change material 6 is a paraffin wax shaped phase change material, and the coil 4 is snake-shaped.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种利用墙内壁相变材料蓄放热原理的太阳能采暖系统，属于节能领域的发明创造。 The invention relates to a solar heating system utilizing the heat storage and release principle of the phase change material on the inner wall, which belongs to the invention and creation in the field of energy saving.
背景技术 Background technique
我国是一个能耗大国，建筑用能占全社会能源消费量的比例约为30%，其中供热采暖用能约占45%，是建筑节能的重点领域。为降低建筑能耗，既要开源又要节流。因此，我国正大力推广可再生能源在建筑中的应用范围。太阳能是永不枯竭的清洁能源，是人类可以长期依赖的重要能源之一，利用太阳热能为建筑物供热采暖可以获得非常良好的节能和环境效益，是一种非常良好且必要的节能手段。 my country is a country with a large energy consumption. Building energy accounts for about 30% of the energy consumption of the whole society, of which heating energy accounts for about 45%. It is a key area of building energy conservation. In order to reduce building energy consumption, it is necessary to increase revenue and reduce expenditure. Therefore, my country is vigorously promoting the scope of application of renewable energy in buildings. Solar energy is an inexhaustible clean energy, and it is one of the important energy sources that human beings can rely on for a long time. Using solar thermal energy to heat buildings can obtain very good energy-saving and environmental benefits. It is a very good and necessary energy-saving means.
但是，太阳能是一种不稳定热源，会受到阴天、雨、雪天气的影响。太阳能的供给不论在量上还是在时间上都是变化的，因而只有在日照充足的晴天才能集蓄大量太阳能热。而生活中的能耗主要集中在早晨和晚上，如果能把白天的太阳能暂时储存起来，在必要的时候加以利用的话，既可以提高能源的利用率又能扩大适用范围。 However, solar energy is an unstable heat source, which will be affected by cloudy, rainy and snowy weather. The supply of solar energy varies both in quantity and in time, so a large amount of solar heat can only be collected on sunny days with sufficient sunshine. The energy consumption in life is mainly concentrated in the morning and evening. If the solar energy during the day can be temporarily stored and used when necessary, the utilization rate of energy can be improved and the scope of application can be expanded.
因此，本发明应用太阳能集热、相变材料蓄热放热原理，将白天的太阳热收集并储存在墙内壁面的相变材料层中，夜间，室外温度降低，相变材料放热，通过辐射传热的方式向室内传热，达到供暖的目的。当供热量变动低于蓄热装置能力的场合（或是供热温度低于用户端要求的场合）可以设置辅助热源进行补充。对集热效率和集热温度而言，冬季都比夏季容易下降。因此，太阳热利用系统一般采用锅炉或者热泵作为辅助热源，本发明对设置辅助热源部分不做权利要求。 Therefore, the present invention applies the principle of solar heat collection and phase change material heat storage and heat release to collect and store the solar heat in the daytime in the phase change material layer on the inner wall of the wall. The way of radiation heat transfer is to transfer heat to the room to achieve the purpose of heating. When the fluctuation of the heat supply is lower than the capacity of the heat storage device (or the heating temperature is lower than the user's requirements), an auxiliary heat source can be set up to supplement it. In terms of heat collection efficiency and heat collection temperature, winter is easier to drop than summer. Therefore, solar heat utilization systems generally use boilers or heat pumps as auxiliary heat sources, and the present invention does not make claims on the part of setting up auxiliary heat sources.
目前太阳能蓄热系统的形式主要有五种：地下水池、土壤埋管、卵石堆、储热水箱和相变材料。由于前两种蓄热方式均受到当地的地质、水文、土壤条件的影响，所以只在特定的区域并具有一定规模的用能时适用。第三、第四种蓄热方式都需要大容积的蓄热装置，用热必须具有一定规模，并且需保证该系统有足够多的储热空间时才适用。本发明蓄热采用附着于墙内壁的相变材料蓄热方式来克服以上不足，具有蓄热空间小，系统简单，应用范围广等特点。 At present, there are five main forms of solar thermal storage systems: underground pools, soil buried pipes, pebble piles, hot water storage tanks and phase change materials. Since the first two heat storage methods are affected by local geology, hydrology, and soil conditions, they are only applicable in specific areas and with a certain scale of energy consumption. The third and fourth heat storage methods all require large-capacity heat storage devices, the heat consumption must have a certain scale, and it is necessary to ensure that the system has enough heat storage space. The heat storage of the present invention adopts the heat storage method of phase change material attached to the inner wall of the wall to overcome the above shortcomings, and has the characteristics of small heat storage space, simple system and wide application range.
相变材料蓄热已经在建筑节能中有所应用，应用最多的是被动太阳房的墙材中。相变蓄热材料的蓄热密度大，在相变时输出温度比较稳定。根据太阳能供热采暖系统的工作温度，选择合适的相变材料，使相变材料的相变温度与系统的工作温度范围相匹配。常用的相变材料，比如，聚乙烯乙二醇的熔点20~25℃，熔化潜热146kJ/kg,固体密度1100kg/m3，固态比热容为2260kJ/kg℃；十二水磷酸二钠的熔点36℃，熔化潜热280kJ/kg,固体密度1520kg/m3，固态比热容为1690kJ/kg℃，液态比热容1940kJ/kg℃。 Thermal storage of phase change materials has been used in building energy conservation, and the most widely used is in the wall materials of passive solar houses. The heat storage density of the phase change heat storage material is large, and the output temperature is relatively stable during the phase change. According to the operating temperature of the solar heating system, select the appropriate phase change material so that the phase change temperature of the phase change material matches the operating temperature range of the system. Commonly used phase change materials, for example, polyethylene glycol has a melting point of 20~25°C, a latent heat of fusion of 146kJ/kg, a solid density of 1100kg/m 3 , and a solid specific heat capacity of 2260kJ/kg°C; the melting point of disodium phosphate dodecahydrate is 36 ℃, latent heat of fusion 280kJ/kg, solid density 1520kg/m 3 , solid specific heat capacity 1690kJ/kg℃, liquid specific heat capacity 1940kJ/kg℃.
本发明针对太阳能丰富的寒冷地区分散采暖的居民用户，设计一套利用太阳能的墙内壁蓄热采暖系统。利用相变蓄热技术，白天将太阳能集热器收集到的热量储存在墙体相变材料中，夜晚相变材料放热给室内空间供暖，利用定型相变材料相变时不会产生流动的特点，克服了现有太阳能蓄热系统相变材料封装泄露问题。本系统具有结构简单，稳定性好，应用范围广，绿色环保的特点。 The present invention designs a set of heat storage and heating system on the inner wall of the wall using solar energy for residential users who use scattered heating in cold regions with abundant solar energy. Using phase change heat storage technology, the heat collected by the solar collector is stored in the phase change material of the wall during the day, and the phase change material releases heat to heat the indoor space at night, and no flow will occur when the phase change material is used to shape the phase change material It overcomes the leakage problem of the phase change material packaging of the existing solar heat storage system. The system has the characteristics of simple structure, good stability, wide application range, and environmental protection.
目前有太阳能相变墙的应用。太阳能相变做法是将相变材料放置在外墙的外壁面内，太阳照射到墙体时，相变蓄热，夜间室外温度很低时，相变墙体向室内和室外都同时放热，室内获得热量起到采暖的作用。太阳能相变墙释放到室外的热量为散失热量，无效的，因此，太阳能相变墙收集到的热量无法最大量为采暖服务。此外这个系统最大的弊端是夏季无法消除太阳辐射对室内的影响，导致室内温度过高。但是本发明克服了以上的缺点。首先，利用太阳能集热器集热，能最大程度的吸收太阳辐射能，利用墙体辐射吸热，竖直的墙体和太阳辐射有很长一段时间内呈很大的夹角，相变墙获得的热量有限。其次，相变材料置于墙内壁，保证了相变材料所放出的热量能几乎全部到达室内，放热利用率明显高于相变墙。最后，这个系统在夏季的时候可以关掉进出盘管的阀门，阻止热量进入盘管，相变材料此时不再起任何作用，室内的热环境不受该采暖系统的影响，同时，太阳能集热板收集的热量还可以做为生活用热量，完全消除了太阳能相变墙在夏季带来的副作用。因此，该太阳能采暖系统的应用范围将更为广阔。 There are currently applications for solar phase change walls. The method of solar phase change is to place the phase change material on the outer wall of the outer wall. When the sun shines on the wall, the phase change will store heat. When the outdoor temperature is very low at night, the phase change wall will release heat to both the indoor and outdoor. Obtaining heat plays a role in heating. The heat released by the solar phase change wall to the outside is lost heat and is ineffective. Therefore, the heat collected by the solar phase change wall cannot be used for heating. In addition, the biggest disadvantage of this system is that it cannot eliminate the influence of solar radiation on the room in summer, resulting in too high indoor temperature. But the present invention overcomes above shortcoming. First of all, the use of solar collectors to collect heat can absorb solar radiation energy to the greatest extent, and use wall radiation to absorb heat. The vertical wall and solar radiation have a large angle for a long time, and the phase change wall Access to calories is limited. Secondly, the phase change material is placed on the inner wall of the wall, which ensures that almost all the heat released by the phase change material can reach the room, and the utilization rate of heat release is significantly higher than that of the phase change wall. Finally, this system can close the valves in and out of the coil in summer to prevent heat from entering the coil. The phase change material no longer plays any role at this time, and the indoor thermal environment is not affected by the heating system. At the same time, the solar heat collector The heat collected by the panels can also be used as domestic heat, which completely eliminates the side effects of solar phase change walls in summer. Therefore, the application range of the solar heating system will be wider.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明涉及一种利用相变材料蓄放热原理的太阳能采暖系统，属于节能领域的发明创造。 The invention relates to a solar heating system using the principle of heat storage and release of phase change materials, which belongs to the invention and creation in the field of energy saving.
本发明的基本思路是：白天，太阳能集热器收集太阳能热，将热量传递给循环管内循环工质，循环工质受热不均匀出现密度差，发生流动。在集热器和采暖房间高差太大的场合，利用水泵带动循环工质实现循环。循环工质的作用是传输热量。循环工质将其携带的热量通过盘管传递至墙体内的定性相变材料层中，相变蓄热材料持续吸热发生由固态向液态的相变过程，同步蓄热。同时，乙二醇水溶液的在加热蓄热材料的同时，也向室内进行散热，使室内温度升高，解决房间白天采暖问题。下午或者晚上，当集热器内的水温低于一定值时，关闭盘管上截止阀，系统循环停止。当室内温度低于某个设定值时，墙体内的定型相变材料发生液态向固态的相变过程，同步放热。室内得到稳定的放热，从而达到夜间采暖的目的。 The basic idea of the present invention is: during the day, the solar heat collector collects solar heat and transfers the heat to the circulating working medium in the circulation pipe, and the circulating working medium is unevenly heated, resulting in density difference and flow. In the case where the height difference between the heat collector and the heating room is too large, the water pump is used to drive the circulating working medium to realize circulation. The function of the circulating working fluid is to transfer heat. The heat carried by the circulating working fluid is transferred to the qualitative phase-change material layer in the wall through the coil, and the phase-change heat storage material continues to absorb heat and undergoes a phase change process from solid to liquid, synchronously storing heat. At the same time, while the ethylene glycol aqueous solution heats the heat storage material, it also dissipates heat to the room to increase the room temperature and solve the problem of heating the room during the day. In the afternoon or evening, when the water temperature in the collector is lower than a certain value, the shut-off valve on the coil is closed, and the system circulation stops. When the indoor temperature is lower than a certain set value, the shaped phase change material in the wall undergoes a phase change process from liquid to solid, and releases heat simultaneously. The room gets stable heat release, so as to achieve the purpose of heating at night.
本发明采用的技术方案是：一种利用太阳能的墙内壁蓄热采暖系统，其特征在于该系统包括：太阳能集热器通过保温循环管与盘管相连，盘管埋在墙体内侧的定型相变材料层中，定型相变材料层夹于两侧的混凝土层中，墙体内的盘管进、出口处均设有截止阀，保温循环管上设置有泵。同时，太阳能集热器为平板集热板，定型相变材料为石蜡定型相变材料，盘管的盘曲方式为蛇形。 The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: a heat storage and heating system on the inner wall of the wall utilizing solar energy, which is characterized in that the system includes: the solar heat collector is connected with the coil pipe through the heat preservation circulation pipe, and the coil pipe is buried in a shaped phase inside the wall body. In the change material layer, the stereotyped phase change material layer is sandwiched between the concrete layers on both sides, the coil pipe inlet and outlet in the wall are provided with stop valves, and the heat preservation circulation pipe is provided with a pump. At the same time, the solar heat collector is a flat heat collecting plate, the shaped phase change material is a paraffin shaped phase change material, and the winding mode of the coil is serpentine.
附图说明：本说明书包括如下两幅附图：图1是利用太阳能的墙内壁蓄热采暖系统图。图2是相变墙体剖面图。图中：1、太阳能集热器，2、保温循环管，3、截止阀，4、盘管，5、泵，6、混凝土层，7、定型相变材料层。 Description of drawings: This specification includes the following two drawings: Fig. 1 is a diagram of a thermal storage heating system for inner walls using solar energy. Figure 2 is a sectional view of the phase change wall. In the figure: 1. Solar heat collector, 2. Thermal insulation circulation pipe, 3. Stop valve, 4. Coil pipe, 5. Pump, 6. Concrete layer, 7. Shaped phase change material layer.
具体实施方式：detailed description:
以下结合附图，对本发明做进一步的描述。如图所示，一种利用太阳能的墙内壁蓄热采暖系统，其特征在于该系统包括：太阳能集热器1通过保温循环管2与盘管4相连，盘管4埋在墙体内侧的定型相变材料层7中，定型相变材料层7夹于两侧的混凝土层6中，墙体内的盘管4进、出口处均设有截止阀3，保温循环管2上设置有泵5。太阳能集热器1为平板集热板，定型相变材料6为石蜡定型相变材料，盘管4的盘曲方式为蛇形。 The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. As shown in the figure, a heat storage and heating system inside the wall using solar energy is characterized in that the system includes: the solar collector 1 is connected to the coil tube 4 through the heat preservation circulation tube 2, and the coil tube 4 is buried in the shape of the inner wall In the phase change material layer 7, the shaped phase change material layer 7 is sandwiched between the concrete layers 6 on both sides, the inlet and outlet of the coil pipe 4 in the wall are provided with a stop valve 3, and the heat preservation circulation pipe 2 is provided with a pump 5 . The solar heat collector 1 is a flat heat collecting plate, the shaped phase change material 6 is a paraffin wax shaped phase change material, and the coil 4 is serpentine.
白天，太阳能集热器将收集的热量蓄在室内墙面内的定型相变材料层中，随着太阳能集热器集热过程的延长逐渐储存大量热量。夜晚，当室内温度低于相变材料的相变温度时，相变材料放出相变潜热，使室内温度保持一定温度水平，达到采暖的目的。 During the day, the solar collector stores the collected heat in the shaped phase-change material layer inside the indoor wall, and gradually stores a large amount of heat as the solar collector heat collection process prolongs. At night, when the indoor temperature is lower than the phase change temperature of the phase change material, the phase change material releases latent heat of phase change to keep the indoor temperature at a certain level to achieve the purpose of heating.
进一步的方案是：如果该系统应用于没有电力供应的地区，可利用太阳能发电蓄电装置提供泵用电，或者利用风力发电蓄电装置提供泵用电。 A further solution is: if the system is applied in an area without power supply, the solar power storage device can be used to provide electricity for the pump, or the wind power storage device can be used to provide electricity for the pump.
进一步的方案是：如果该系统应用于严寒地区，循环工质使用防冻液，夏季利用该太阳能收集的热量时需经过间接换热方能利用。 A further solution is: if the system is used in severe cold regions, the circulating working medium uses antifreeze, and the heat collected by the solar energy in summer needs to be used through indirect heat exchange.
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| CN106284743A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2017-01-04 | 温州大学 | Phase transition heat preserving wall and deck |
| CN106803609A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-06-06 | 宁波大学 | A kind of new-energy automobile power battery cooling system |
| CN107355846A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-17 | 天津大学 | A kind of phase-transition heat-storage collection cast condensing radiant panel |
| CN109028264A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-12-18 | 重庆大学 | A kind of closed heating system |
| CN114086703A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-02-25 | 深圳中航幕墙工程有限公司 | Energy-saving and heat-insulating building curtain wall structure |
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Application publication date: 20160511 |