CN1055628A - Dc motor with magnetic pole and magnetic field commutator - Google Patents
Dc motor with magnetic pole and magnetic field commutator Download PDFInfo
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- CN1055628A CN1055628A CN 90105439 CN90105439A CN1055628A CN 1055628 A CN1055628 A CN 1055628A CN 90105439 CN90105439 CN 90105439 CN 90105439 A CN90105439 A CN 90105439A CN 1055628 A CN1055628 A CN 1055628A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of DC motor without commutator.The main pole of its motor is split into several independently sub-magnetic poles.Armature core adopts the salient pole form, and excitation and the controller excitation winding on each sub-magnetic pole passes to the electric current of certain utmost point position relation.Replace the commutation of armature supply by means of the magnetic field commutator of each sub-magnetic pole.Thereby cancelled the commutation commutator on the armature winding.Make the terminal voltage and the capacity of motor not restricted because of the commutation problem.The present invention can be fit to the Electric Traction under the various occasions, also can make DC power supply and use.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of DC motor without commutator-DC motor with magnetic pole and magnetic field commutator.
Existing direct current machine mostly is an armature supply commutation type direct current machine, promptly all has the commutator-mechanical commutator of Mechanical Contact formula on armature winding.Existing commutatorless machine or title commutatorless motor then are made up of one group of semiconductor convertor and a synchronous AC motor, and semiconductor convertor comes down to a kind of non-contact type commutator or claims the electronic type commutator.Electric current in these direct current machine armature winding all is (except the acyclic machine) of alternation, contact or the contactless commutation commutator additional by means of the armature two ends just make output (or input current is converted to direct current), thereby its commutation power is the rated power of direct current machine.Because the existence of commutation commutator.For Mechanical Contact formula commutator, not only limit its terminal voltage and capacity, and the easily generation commutation spark that is in operation, serious will produce ring fire; Then need a cover expensive semiconductor convertor and control system device supporting with it for the non-contact type commutator, and the electric current commutation difficulty in the electronic device can take place when overload or high speed.
(Japan) patent has stated clearly the whole sub-motor of a kind of nothing for No. 1316688, the outer garden groove of the non-pole parts of garden column type rotor core is embedded with magnet exciting coil in this motor, armature winding imposes the square wave electric current with certain utmost point position relation, can only produce the commutatorless motor of small-sized light weight according to its operation principle.
Though acyclic machine also is a kind of no direct current commutating machine, because its field pole magnetic field is unidirectional, what flow through in the armature winding is stable DC in the same way.But armature conductor is difficult to connect successively, so be the direct current machine of a kind of low-voltage, big electric current.Because voltage is low, electric current is big, so motor contact voltage drop and loss become the key factor that influences motor operational efficiency and reliability.Although when adopting the superconductor excitation this defective that solves one pole is had significant effect, yet superconductor only could keep its superconducting state in following three critical conditions: if among critical temperature TC, critical magnetic field strength H, the critical current density J three any one to surpass its critical value superconducting state be destroyed and enter normal condition (being that resistance is non-vanishing and the conductor internal magnetic field is non-vanishing) suddenly, its superconduction advantage is lost thereupon.This is the limitation of superconduction one pole.
The objective of the invention is to seek that a kind of prior art easily realizes, cost is low, efficient is high, be not subjected to the DC motor without commutator of terminal voltage and capacity limit.
Technical scheme of the present invention is to realize magnetic pole and magnetic field commutator by the main pole of direct current machine being split the utmost point and being controlled the exciting current direction effectively.
Describe below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is that this motor pole splits utmost point schematic diagram (each main pole is cleaved into 3 sub-magnetic poles among the figure).
Fig. 2 is the catenation principle figure of this armature winding.
Fig. 3 is the catenation principle figure of this motor excitation winding and excitation controller.
The present invention is made up of support, rotor magnetic pole iron core (1), Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection (2), stator armature iron core (3), armature winding (4), brush (10), slip ring (11), end cap and fan etc. Its main characteristics are that each magnetic pole of rotor magnetic pole iron core (1) splits into several (not comprising 1) sub-magnetic poles (5), lays respectively the identical Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection of the number of turn (2) on every sub-magnetic pole (5), Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection (2) on the two corresponding sub-magnetic poles (5) (A and A ', B and B ', C and C ' among Fig. 2) is connected, but two coil winding opposite directions are equipped with the upper Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection (2) of position detector (6), each sub-magnetic pole (5) and link to each other with slip ring (11) by brush (10) with excitation and controller (9) in each sub-magnetic pole (5) pole-face center; Stator armature iron core (3) Adopt convex structure, the projection (P is the number of pole-pairs of motor) that has 2P radian to equate on it, it is definite by the angle β of axis X and y that it protrudes radian, the surface of projection has rectangular channel, lay armature winding (4) in the groove, armature winding (4) employing is whole to be connected apart from the single choice method, each winding that changes is connected successively, that is: armature winding (4) conductor branch levels in groove is laid, wherein the top conductor (7) in the N district groove is connected with the lower floor's conductor (8) in the adjacent S district groove successively and is consisted of a branch road, and the lower floor's conductor (8) in the N district groove consists of another branch road with connecting with the top conductor (7) in the adjacent S district groove successively, draw two end connectors at two branch circuit parallel connection places, become input (or output) end of armature winding (4).
From the control angle of exciting current, each main pole of rotor magnetic pole iron core of the present invention (1) is to split into several multiples of 3 sub-magnetic pole as best scheme.
Rotor magnetic pole iron core of the present invention (1) can adopt the silicon steel sheet stack pressing formation, and the salient pole part strikes out full wafer with utmost point yoke, and its sub-number of magnetic poles (being the salient pole number) m=6P or 6nP(P are number of pole-pairs, and n is non-zero positive integer).
It is example that operation principle of the present invention is cleaved into 3 sub-magnetic poles referring to accompanying drawing 2(with each main pole of bipolar machine P=1), pass to direct current If in the same way for respectively the excitation winding (2) on A, B, three the sub-magnetic poles of C (5), and antithetical phrase magnetic pole A
1, B
1, the excitation winding on the C passes to direct current-If in the same way respectively.If when the armature winding two ends applied and press with galvanic current, the sense of current in the armature conductor as shown in Figure 2.Then the armature conductor in N district passes through owing to constant electric current, the action of a magnetic field of sub-magnetic pole A, B, C will be subjected to, the direction of its suffered electromagnetic force all in the counterclockwise direction, according to action-reaction law, rotor will be subjected to an electromagnetic torque along clockwise direction, and this electromagnetic torque drive motors is rotated in a clockwise direction.
As certain sub-field axis XX
1During coincidence, the position detector (6) at sub-magnetic pole pole-face center will produce control signal owing to the variation of magnetic conductance, and excitation and controller (9) just make the electric current in this sub-magnetic pole excitation winding reduce gradually after receiving signal, to guarantee at this sub-field axis and OO
1When axle overlapped, exciting current was zero.Then winding on this sub-magnetic pole is applied exciting current in the other direction, to guarantee yy on this sub-field axis
1When axle overlapped, exciting current was-If, and keeps.With electric current in the excitation winding on the sub-magnetic pole that this sub-pole pair is answered change then just in time opposite because two excitation winding are series connection in the other direction.Meanwhile, the electric current in the excitation winding remains unchanged on other two corresponding sub-magnetic poles.Like this, the electromagnetic torque that will export constant size in rotating shaft goes the driving device load.
It is above that what narrate is technical scheme and the operation principle thereof of the present invention during as DC motor.
If when the present invention was used as generator, its technical scheme and operation principle were identical.If but in technical scheme, carry out excitation then better, and can save the brushgear on epitrochanterian slip ring and the stator with a coaxial synchronous AC motor.This moment, exciting current was the alternating current that is provided by synchronous AC motor, because of the natural zero-crossing point is arranged, made the commutation of exciting power more simple, became natural commutation.
The present invention has fundamentally cancelled the existence of dc motor commutator, by main pole being split the utmost point and being controlled the sense of current in the excitation winding, has realized the magnetic pole and magnetic field commutator of direct current machine.Owing to neither there is the electronic type commutator in armature winding of the present invention, there is not the mechanical switching device yet, thereby solved the electronic device electric current commutation difficulty of electronic type commutation brshless DC motor, defectives such as loss is big commutate; Also solved simultaneously spark that mechanical switching brought or ring fire and problem such as difficult in maintenance when making motor terminal voltage and capacity be restricted and use, thereby the dream of making the high-capacity direct current motor is become a reality.Secondly, because this motor does not need the armature commutator, only need a cover excitation and an electronic controller (9), thereby, compare with the mechanical switching direct current machine, not only saved a large amount of expensive copper materials, and core loss also greatly reduces (because pivot winding pass through be stable direct current), thereby make direct current machine cost of the present invention reduce significantly.Efficient is but than conventional motor height; And compare with electronically commutated direct current machine.Because the exciting power of motor only is below 10% of motor rated power generally, thereby the commutation power of excitation of the present invention and direction selecting controller (9) is far smaller than the commutation power of the electronic type reversing motor of same nominal power, not only its cost reduces greatly, and its operation is more reliable.
Performance of the present invention is identical with conventional direct current machine, can regulate its rotating speed easily by control armature voltage and exciting current.Be suitable for various Electric Tractions, as aspects such as metallurgy, machinery, coal, oil, railway, light industry, water power, national defence.Owing to cancelled the commutator of armature, thus can be applied to reliably conventional direct current machines such as space flight, aviation the field that can not use.If use as DC power supply, the present invention can be used for electrolysis chemical industry, plating and other high-capacity direct current systems.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of DC motor with magnetic pole and magnetic field commutator.By support, rotor magnetic pole iron core [1], excitation winding [2], stator armature iron core [3], armature winding [4] brush [10], slip ring [11], composition such as end cap and fan, it is characterized in that each magnetic pole of rotor magnetic pole iron core [1] splits into several sub-magnetic poles [5], lay the identical excitation winding of the number of turn [2] respectively on each sub-magnetic pole [5], excitation winding [2] series connection on the two corresponding sub-magnetic poles [5], but the coil winding direction is opposite, on each sub-magnetic pole strength center, position detector [6] is housed, each sub-magnetic pole [5] is gone up excitation winding [2] and is linked to each other with slip ring [11] by brush [10] with excitation and controller [9], stator armature iron core [3] adopts convex structure, the projection that has the individual radian of 2P (P is the number of pole-pairs of motor) to equate on it, have rectangular channel on the convex surface, lay armature winding [4] in the groove, armature winding [4] adopts the single repeatedly method of whole distance to connect, each winding that changes is connected successively, armature winding [4] conductor branch levels in groove is laid, top conductor [7] in the N district groove is connected with the lower floor's conductor [8] in the adjacent S district groove successively and is constituted a branch road, and the lower floor's conductor [8] in the N district groove is connected with the top conductor [7] in the adjacent S district groove successively and is constituted another branch road, two end connectors are drawn at place in parallel at two branch roads, become input (or output) end of armature winding [4].
2, DC motor with magnetic pole and magnetic field commutator according to claim 1 is characterized in that each magnetic pole of rotor magnetic pole iron core (1) splits into the sub-magnetic pole of several multiples of 3.
3, DC motor with magnetic pole and magnetic field commutator according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that rotor magnetic pole iron core (1) is shaped with silicon steel plate stacking, and the salient pole part strikes out full wafer with utmost point yoke.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90105439 CN1024877C (en) | 1990-04-05 | 1990-04-05 | Magnetic pole magnetic field reversing type DC motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90105439 CN1024877C (en) | 1990-04-05 | 1990-04-05 | Magnetic pole magnetic field reversing type DC motor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1055628A true CN1055628A (en) | 1991-10-23 |
| CN1024877C CN1024877C (en) | 1994-06-01 |
Family
ID=4879256
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90105439 Expired - Fee Related CN1024877C (en) | 1990-04-05 | 1990-04-05 | Magnetic pole magnetic field reversing type DC motor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1024877C (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104953775A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-09-30 | 姜宝华 | Permanent magnet DC magnetic reversing motor |
| CN108777532A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-11-09 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Rotor uses the direct current motor system and excitation control method of Alternating Current Excitation |
| CN109088516A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2018-12-25 | 冉隆春 | A kind of energy-saving direct-current motor that stall is not burnt |
| CN113824289A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-21 | 长沙硕博电机有限公司 | Direct-current motor with directional armature current and direct-current motor control method |
-
1990
- 1990-04-05 CN CN 90105439 patent/CN1024877C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104953775A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-09-30 | 姜宝华 | Permanent magnet DC magnetic reversing motor |
| CN108777532A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-11-09 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Rotor uses the direct current motor system and excitation control method of Alternating Current Excitation |
| CN109088516A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2018-12-25 | 冉隆春 | A kind of energy-saving direct-current motor that stall is not burnt |
| CN109088516B (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2023-07-14 | 冉隆春 | Energy-saving direct-current motor with dead-stop and unfired rotor |
| CN113824289A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-21 | 长沙硕博电机有限公司 | Direct-current motor with directional armature current and direct-current motor control method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1024877C (en) | 1994-06-01 |
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