CN105562814A - Vibration broaching method based on 2D shock excitation valve - Google Patents

Abstract

Vibration broaching method based on 2D vibration excitation valve, the main equipment used in the method is a hydraulic horizontal internal broaching machine and a 2D vibration excitation valve. The oil cylinders are connected, and the piston in the main oil cylinder drives the broach of the broaching machine to perform broaching movement. The spool of the 2D excitation valve has two degrees of freedom of rotation and axial movement. The rotation speed of the spool is controlled by an AC servo motor through a To control the gear set, the method is to realize vibration broaching by setting a 2D vibration excitation valve in parallel on the main oil circuit. The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the 2D valve can be used to generate high-frequency chatter for the main drive system of the broaching machine,? The vibration power is large, and the highest frequency can reach 1250HZ, which meets the high-frequency and high-thrust excitation requirements of vibration broaching. Vibration broaching can effectively improve the surface quality and geometric accuracy of the broached workpiece, and increase the service life of the broach.

Description

Vibratory Broaching Method Based on 2D Vibration Valve

The invention relates to the technical field of vibration broaching, in particular to a vibration broaching method based on a 2D vibration excitation valve.

Background technique

Broaching can be processed into through holes of various cross-sectional shapes and external surfaces of various special shapes. Because the broaching speed is low, the broaching process is stable, and the thickness of the cutting layer is thin and uniform, it can obtain high machining accuracy and small surface roughness, and the service life of the broach is also long. The broaching method is widely used in batch and mass production. In recent years, broaching is used for spline holes and keyways with certain precision in small batch production. According to the main movement direction of the broaching machine, broaching can be divided into vertical and horizontal; according to the position of the broach relative to the workpiece, broaching can be divided into internal broaching and external broaching. The machine tool for broaching is called broaching machine, which can be divided into hydraulic broaching machine and mechanical broaching machine according to the driving mode. This patent is mainly aimed at hydraulic broaching machine.

Japan has disclosed a patent on the use of ultrasonic vibration to assist broaching of key grooves. The idea is to install an ultrasonic vibrator on the connecting main oil cylinder and the broach holder to generate additional ultrasonic vibration in the main movement direction of the broach, so that the blade Simultaneous high-precision machining on both sides of the slot. Vibration broaching provides a new idea for the development of new broaching technology, but the relevant literature reports are rarely reported. The main reason is that the vibration power generated by the ultrasonic exciter is small, which cannot meet the requirements of vibration broaching. This patent introduces a 2D vibration excitation valve, which greatly increases the vibration frequency, and the highest vibration frequency has reached 1250Hz, which meets the vibration broaching requirements of high-frequency, large-thrust, and small-amplitude excitation.

Contents of the invention

The invention overcomes the problems of low broaching precision and short broach life in the prior art, and provides a vibration broaching method based on a 2D vibration excitation valve.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

The vibration broaching method based on the 2D excitation valve, the method adopts a hydraulic horizontal internal broaching machine and a 2D excitation valve, and the hydraulic horizontal internal broaching machine includes a bed, a main tool holder, a main card Cutter body, main slide guide rail, bed platform, worktable, worktable centering hole, auxiliary slide guide rail, auxiliary clamp cutter body, auxiliary knife clamp seat, auxiliary bed and base, hydraulic horizontal inner broaching machine is equipped with The main oil circuit, the main oil circuit is connected with the main oil cylinder, the piston in the main oil cylinder drives the broach of the broaching machine to perform broaching movement, and the 2D excitation valve includes an AC servo motor, a large gear, a pinion, a valve core, Valve sleeve, valve block, coupling, spring, and linear motor. The spool of the 2D vibration valve has two degrees of freedom of rotation and axial movement. The rotation speed of the spool is controlled by the AC servo motor through a pair of gear sets. For control, the spool shoulders of the 2D excitation valves are provided with grooves in the circumferential direction, and the grooves on adjacent shoulders are misaligned with each other; the method is to realize the vibration by setting the 2D excitation valves in parallel on the main oil road. Broaching, including the following steps:

a. The pipeline of the 2D excitation valve is connected in parallel between the check valve of the main oil cylinder circuit and the oil inlet of the main oil cylinder;

b. The 2D vibration valve circuit is connected to the 2D vibration valve servo controller, and then the PLC is connected to the 2D vibration valve servo controller;

c. The workpiece is clamped on the worktable of the broaching machine, and the broach is reset;

d. PLC sends pulses to the servo controller of the 2D vibration valve, and the spool of the 2D vibration valve starts to run driven by the AC servo motor; when the spool of the 2D vibration valve is at the PA position, the oil circuit is connected, and the high-pressure oil enters The rod cavity of the main oil cylinder, when the spool of the 2D excitation valve is in the middle position, the oil circuit is closed, and the high pressure oil stops entering the rod cavity of the main oil cylinder, and the high pressure oil is controlled by the continuous rotation and switching of the spool of the 2D excitation valve. Periodically supply oil to the rod chamber to generate high-frequency flutter in the main cylinder;

e. The main motor works, the main oil circuit starts to supply oil to the rod cavity of the main oil cylinder; the main oil circuit and the 2D vibration valve oil circuit jointly supply oil to the rod cavity of the main oil cylinder, and the piston in the main oil cylinder drives the broach to the right Perform vibration broaching motion to broach the workpiece;

f. When the piston in the main oil cylinder reaches the rightmost end, the broaching is completed; the annunciator of the main oil cylinder sends out a signal, the 2D excitation valve spool stops rotating, the spool is in the middle position and stops oil supply, and the PLC no longer sends the 2D excitation valve The servo controller sends pulses;

g. The main oil circuit controls the return stroke of the main oil cylinder to reset the broach.

The vibration broaching method based on the 2D excitation valve is characterized in that the frequency of the high-frequency chatter in the step d is up to 1250HZ, and the high-frequency chatter is controlled by the 2D excitation valve servo controller and PLC It is realized by acting together on the 2D excitation valve.

The 2D vibration broaching method based on the vibration broaching method is characterized in that in the step d, the continuous rotation and switching of the spool of the 2D vibration vibration valve can realize periodic pressurization of the rod cavity.

The described vibration broaching method based on the 2D excitation valve is characterized in that, in the step d, the spool of the 2D excitation valve can perform axial linear motion, and the axial linear motion is controlled by a linear motor, which can The size of the opening of the spool is adjusted to change the amplitude of the output of the main oil cylinder.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the 2D excitation valve is used to generate high-frequency flutter to the main drive system of the broaching machine, the vibration power is large, and the highest frequency can reach 1250HZ, which meets the high-frequency and high-thrust excitation requirements of vibration broaching. Broaching can effectively improve the surface quality and geometric accuracy of broaching workpieces, and improve the service life of broaching tools.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of hydraulic horizontal internal broaching machine;

Fig. 2 is broaching schematic diagram;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the valve core at the PA position;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the valve core in the middle position;

In the figure: 1. bed, 2. main tool holder, 3. main card tool body, 4. guide rail of main slide plate, 5. bed platform; 6. workbench, 7. centering hole of workbench, 8. auxiliary slide Plate guide rail, 9. Auxiliary card tool body, 10. Auxiliary tool holder, 11. Auxiliary bed, 12. Base, 13. Main oil cylinder, 14 Energy accumulator, 15. Valve block, 16. Valve sleeve, 17. Big gear , 18. AC servo motor, 19. Pinion, 20. Coupling, 21. Spring, 22. Spool, 23. Coupling, 24. Linear motor, 25. Fuel tank, 27. Vane pump, 28. Main Electric motor, 29. Oil suction filter, 30. Oil tank, 31. Straight-through check valve, 32. Air filter, 33. Overflow valve, 34. Pressure gauge, 35. One-way sequence valve, 36. One-way throttling Valve, 37. Solenoid directional valve, 38. Electro-hydraulic directional valve, 39. Pressure gauge switch, 40. 2D excitation valve.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the broaching machine used in the broaching method of the present invention is a hydraulic horizontal broaching machine, which is composed of a bed 1, a bed platform 5, an auxiliary bed 11, a base 12, a workbench 6, The main sliding plate guide rail 4, the auxiliary sliding plate guide rail 8, the main knife holder 2, the main card cutter body 3, the auxiliary knife holder 10, and the auxiliary card cutter body 9, and the workbench 6 is a structural part of the broaching machine, which plays a supporting role ; The main sliding plate guide rail 4 and the auxiliary sliding plate guide rail 8 are installed on the bed 1 and the auxiliary bed 11 respectively, the main sliding plate and the auxiliary sliding plate are moving parts, an assembly composed of the main knife holder 2 and the main card cutter body 3 , the auxiliary knife holder 10 and the auxiliary card cutter body form an assembly, which are installed on the main slide plate and the auxiliary slide plate respectively. During broaching, the workpiece is clamped on the workbench 6 by the fixture, and the broach is clamped by the main chuck body 3, and the broaching of the workpiece is completed as the main slide moves linearly on the guide rail of the main slide. The auxiliary clamping tool body 9 tightens the tail of the broach during the broaching process, and acts as an escort as the broach moves; after the tool is retracted, the additional clamping tool body is released to complete the loading of the next processing. During the broaching process, the movement of the main slide is driven by the main cylinder. The movement of the broaching broach is controlled by the hydraulic system. The oil supply circuit of the main cylinder of the broaching machine includes a vane pump 27, a main motor 28, an oil suction filter 29, an oil tank 30, a straight-through check valve 31, an air filter 32, an overflow Flow valve 33, pressure gauge 34, one-way sequence valve 35, one-way throttle valve 36, electromagnetic reversing valve 37, electro-hydraulic reversing valve 38, pressure gauge switch 39 and 2D excitation valve 40. The straight-through check valve 31, overflow valve 33, one-way sequence valve 35, one-way throttle valve 36, electromagnetic reversing valve 37 and electro-hydraulic reversing valve 38 are used to control the main oil circuit, and the 2D excitation valve 40 Used to control the 2D excitation valve 40 pipeline.

The 2D vibration excitation valve 40 is mainly composed of an AC servo motor 18, a large gear 17, a small gear 19, a valve core 22, a valve sleeve 16, a valve body 15, a coupling 20, a spring 21 and a linear motor 24. The 2D vibration excitation valve The spool 22 has two degrees of freedom of rotation and axial movement, the rotation speed of the spool is controlled by the AC servo motor 18 through a pair of gear sets, the shoulder of the 2D spool 22 of the 2D vibration valve is circumferentially aligned with the Grooves are made where the grooves on adjacent shoulders are offset from each other. When the spool 22 is connected at the PA position, the high-pressure oil flows in from the P port, and enters the rod chamber of the master cylinder 13 through the B port, and the piston rod is connected to the broach, and the piston rod moves to the right under the thrust of the hydraulic oil. When the spool 22 is in the middle, the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber of the master cylinder 13 flows into the accumulator 14 through port B, so the continuous rotation of the control spool 22 can realize the rod chamber of the master cylinder 13 of the broaching machine. Periodically pressurized, the spool 22 of the 2D vibration valve has axial movement in addition to the rotational movement, and the axial linear movement is controlled by the linear motor 24. By controlling the expansion and contraction of the linear motor 24, the spool 22 can move from zero to the maximum axis. The adjustment to the opening changes the magnitude of the vibration amplitude output by the master oil cylinder 13 . The frequency of the high-frequency dither is up to 1250 Hz, and the high-frequency dither is realized by the 2D vibration valve 40 servo controller and PLC acting on the 2D vibration valve 40 together.

The 2D excitation valve 40 is connected in parallel to the oil supply return of the original main oil cylinder, and its function is to generate high-frequency flutter for the main oil cylinder. The 2D vibration excitation valve 40 is an electro-hydraulic servo valve, and the frequency and amplitude of flutter are realized by the servo controller matched with the 2D vibration excitation valve 40 . The external controller sends pulses to the 2D valve to control the action of the 2D vibration valve 40 . The vibration frequency, amplitude and bias based on the output of the vibrator of the 2D vibration valve 40 are respectively controlled by the rotation speed of the valve core 22 of the 2D vibration valve 40 , the opening of the valve and the opening of the parallel servo valve.

Working process of the present invention:

Step 1, complete the connection between the loop 13 of the main oil cylinder of the broaching machine and the pipeline of the 2D excitation valve 40;

Step 2, the servo control system of the 2D excitation valve 40 is realized. As a special case, the PLC is used to send pulses to the servo controller of the 2D vibration valve 40;

Step 3, the workpiece clamping is completed, the broach is reset, and broaching is ready;

Step 4, PLC sends pulses to the 2D servo controller, and the 2D vibration valve operates: the spool 22 rotates, the 2D vibration valve 40PA is connected, and the high-pressure oil is periodically supplied to the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder through the 2D vibration valve 40 valve. High-frequency flutter occurs in the main oil cylinder 13;

Step 5, at the same time or at a later time, the main cylinder 13 operates in a circuit, and the main cylinder 13 moves linearly to start broaching the workpiece; the high-frequency chatter in step 4 and the main movement in step 5 jointly generate high-frequency chatter excitation The broaching main movement;

Step 6, complete the broaching, the 2D excitation valve 40 is in the middle position, the PLC no longer sends pulses to the 2D valve servo controller, the 2D excitation valve 40 high-frequency chatter excitation ends, and the main oil cylinder 13 returns;

Step 7, start the broaching of the next workpiece.

The embodiment steps are:

1. Connect the 2D excitation valve 40 pipeline in parallel between the check valve of the main oil cylinder 13 circuit and the oil inlet of the main oil cylinder 13;

2. Connect the 2D excitation valve 40 circuit to the 2D excitation valve 40 servo controller, and then connect the PLC to the 2D excitation valve 40 servo controller;

3. The workpiece is clamped on the worktable of the broaching machine, and the broach is reset;

4. Make the PLC send pulses to the 2D excitation valve 40 servo controller, and the spool 22 of the 2D excitation valve 40 starts to run driven by the AC servo motor 18; when the spool 22 of the 2D excitation valve 40 is in the PA position The oil circuit is connected, and the high-pressure oil enters the rod cavity of the main oil cylinder 13. When the spool 22 of the 2D excitation valve 40 is in the middle position, the oil circuit is closed, and the high-pressure oil stops entering the rod cavity of the main oil cylinder 13. The spool 22 of the valve 40 rotates continuously to control the periodic supply of high-pressure oil to the rod cavity, and generates high-frequency flutter in the main oil cylinder 13;

5. The main motor 28 works, and the main oil circuit supplies oil to the rod cavity of the main oil cylinder 13; the piston in the main oil cylinder 31 supplies oil to the rod cavity of the main oil cylinder 13 through the main oil circuit and the oil circuit of the 2D excitation valve 40 to drive The broach moves to the right for vibration broaching;

6. When the piston in the main oil cylinder 13 reaches the rightmost end, broaching is completed; the signal device of the main oil cylinder 13 sends out a signal, the spool 22 of the 2D excitation valve 40 stops rotating, the spool 22 is in the middle position to stop oil supply, and the PLC does not Then send a pulse to the servo controller of the 2D excitation valve 40; 7. The main oil circuit controls the return stroke of the main oil cylinder 13 to reset the broach.

Claims (4)

1., based on the vibration broaching method of 2D excitation valve, it is characterized in that the equipment that described method adopts comprises hydraulic horizontal internal broacher and 2D excitation valve (40), described hydraulic horizontal internal broacher comprises lathe bed (1), operator holder (2), main card cutter hub (3), main cargo chute guide rail (4), table (5), workbench (6), workbench internal point (7), auxiliary slide carriage guide rail (8), auxiliary swaging clamp body (9), auxiliary cutter holder base (10), auxiliary lathe bed (11) and base (12), hydraulic horizontal internal broacher inside is provided with working connection, described working connection is connected with master cylinder (13), 2D excitation valve (40) is connected with master cylinder signal (13), the broaching tool of the piston driving broaching machine in master cylinder (13) does broaching motion, and described 2D excitation valve comprises AC servo motor (18), gear wheel (17), pinion (19), spool (22), valve pocket (16), valve block (15), shaft coupling (20), spring (21), linear electric motors (24), the spool (22) of 2D excitation valve (40) has rotary motion and axially-movable two frees degree, the rotary speed of spool (22) is controlled by a pair gear train by AC servo motor (18), spool (22) the shoulder circumference of described 2D excitation valve all offers groove, groove mutual dislocation wherein on adjacent shoulder, to have a rest oil-feed for spool (22) rotational time, the method realizes vibration broaching by being arranged in parallel 2D excitation valve (40) on working connection, comprises the steps:

A.2D between excitation valve (40) the pipeline check valve that is connected in parallel on master cylinder (13) loop and master cylinder oil-in;

B.2D excitation valve (40) circuit is connected with 2D excitation valve (40) servo controller, again PLC and 2D excitation valve (40) servo controller is connected, control AC servo motor (18) and linear electric motors (24) work by PLC by 2D excitation valve servo controller;

C. clamping workpiece is on the workbench (6) of broaching machine, is resetted by broaching tool;

D.PLC sends pulse to 2D excitation valve (40) servo controller, and the spool (22) of 2D excitation valve (40) is bringing into operation in the drive of AC servo motor (18); When the spool (22) of 2D excitation valve (40) is in PA position, oil circuit is connected, hydraulic oil enters the rod chamber of master cylinder (13), when the spool (22) of 2D excitation valve (40) mediates, oil circuit is closed, hydraulic oil stops the rod chamber entering master cylinder (13), switched by the continuous rotation of the spool (22) of 2D excitation valve (40) and control hydraulic oil to rod chamber periodically fuel feeding, in master cylinder (13), produce high frequency flutter;

E. main motor (28) work: working connection starts the rod chamber fuel feeding to master cylinder (13); Working connection and 2D excitation valve (40) oil circuit are jointly to master cylinder (13) rod chamber fuel feeding, piston driving broaching tool under high frequency flutter in master cylinder (13) does vibration broaching motion to the right, piston driving broaching tool in master cylinder does vibration broaching motion to the right, carries out wire pulling method to workpiece;

During piston arrives low order end f. in master cylinder (13), broaching completes; The signalling means of master cylinder (13) sends signal, and the spool (22) of 2D excitation valve (40) stops operating, and spool (22) mediates a fuel cut-off, and PLC no longer sends pulse to 2D excitation valve (40) servo controller;

G. working connection controls master cylinder (13) backhaul, i.e. the rodless cavity oil-feed of master cylinder (13), and rod chamber is fuel-displaced, and broaching tool is resetted.

2. the vibration broaching method based on 2D excitation valve (40) according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the frequency of described steps d medium-high frequency flutter is up to 1250HZ, and described high frequency flutter is realized in 2D excitation valve (40) by 2D excitation valve (40) servo controller and PLC acting in conjunction.

3. the vibration broaching method based on 2D excitation valve (40) according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described steps d, spool (22) the continuous rotation switching of 2D excitation valve (40) can realize carrying out periodicity supercharging to rod chamber.

4. the vibration broaching method based on 2D excitation valve (40) according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described steps d, the spool (22) of 2D excitation valve (40) can make axial linear movement, axial linear movement is controlled by linear electric motors (24), can regulate thus changes the size of amplitude of master cylinder output to spool (22) openings of sizes.