CN105539613A - Wheel and caterpillar band universal type walking chassis device for combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a walking chassis device for a wheel-track universal combine harvester, comprising a harvester chassis, an engine, a driving console, a power transmission shaft group, a gearbox, a crawler belt group, a crawler belt driving wheel group, a harvester wheel group and a crawler belt The tensioner wheel set; the crawler track set includes the left track and the right track; the harvester wheel set includes 4 wheels, all of which include the hub and the pneumatic carcass; the outer circumference of the pneumatic carcass is provided with meshing teeth B; the left drive of the track drive wheel set There are meshing teeth C on the outer circumference of the wheel and the right driving wheel; the left driving wheel is nested outside the left front wheel, and the right driving wheel is nested outside the right front wheel; the track tensioning wheel set includes the same left tensioning wheel and right tensioning wheel Tensioner pulley, the left tensioner pulley is located at the right rear side of the left rear wheel, and the right tensioner pulley is located at the right rear side of the right rear wheel. The invention greatly improves the running speed of the harvester on a flat road surface and the adaptability to complex fields, and improves the cross-region operation performance of the harvester.

Description

A walking chassis device of a wheel-track universal combine harvester

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of design and manufacture of a chassis frame of a grain combine harvester, and in particular relates to a walking chassis device for a general-purpose wheel-track combine harvester, which can be widely used in the walking chassis of agricultural machinery that walks on wet and soft fields and uneven ground , also can install grain harvesting knapsack on this walking chassis to realize the combined harvesting of rice.

Background technique

The walking chassis devices of existing combine harvesters at home and abroad mainly include three types: wheel type, crawler type, triangular crawler type and wheel type combination type. The wheel type walking chassis combine harvester is mainly suitable for dry land and flat roads. It is relatively flat and has low soil moisture content. The wheeled walking chassis has the advantages of fast driving speed in the field, flexible steering in small fields, and high driving speed during cross-field operations, and is widely used in agricultural machinery for dry land operations; crawler combined harvesting The specific pressure of the grounding machine is small, which is suitable for smooth walking in wet and soft fields and uneven roads, but the disadvantages are slow driving speed, inflexible turning, easy instability and rollover when crossing stems, and must be transported by trucks during long-distance operations. high.

Existing reports on the combine harvester chassis are more concentrated on the research on the impact of the harvester chassis on the performance of the whole machine. For example, Chinese patent CN201420219473.6 (a full-feed combine harvester) mainly focuses on the threshing structure of the combine harvester. Diversity, designed a walking chassis suitable for different threshing drums, which improves the versatility of the harvester to install different threshing chassis, such as Chinese patent CN01244747.1 (rubber track self-propelled combine harvester chassis walking device) in order to reduce unevenness For the bumps brought by the road surface, buffer springs are installed on the rollers to reduce the impact of road bumps on the chassis. Some products and research focus on how to increase the speed of the crawler form, design a new type of differential gearbox with flexible steering so as to realize the in-situ steering and increase the driving speed, such as Chinese patent CN02286338.9 (new multi-purpose medium and small crawler combine harvester chassis ) has designed a universal chassis that can be applied to construction machinery and combine harvesters, and can use rubber crawler and steel crawler walking chassis devices at the same time, which is suitable for driving on different hard road surfaces; Chinese patent CN200820069130.0 (a sugarcane combine harvester Machine chassis device) designed a special walking chassis for rubber crawlers, which improved the destructiveness of the crawler chassis to the road surface when driving on the road; The bottom of the crawler combine harvester improves the passing ability of the crawler combine harvester when working in bad fields. With the increase of road density, the road network has basically radiated to all towns and villages. The cross-regional operations of combine harvesters are becoming more and more common. There are more and more specialized agricultural machinery operators. Many combine harvesters carry out cross-regional operations all year round. The driving distance on the road is longer, and the fields faced when harvesting in the north and south are becoming more and more complex, and the requirements for the driving speed of the combine harvester chassis and the adaptability to different fields are getting higher and higher, but so far no joint harvester has been reported. The wheeled and tracked general-purpose walking chassis of the harvester, if the advantages of the wheeled and tracked functions of the combine harvester are combined, the operating performance and adaptability of the combine harvester will be greatly improved.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the disadvantages of the existing technology that the wheeled chassis of the harvester is difficult to walk on wet and soft fields and uneven ground, easy to sink, and poor in adaptability, and the tracked chassis of the harvester is difficult to work on flat roads, cross-regional operations, and turning, this paper The invention provides a wheel-track general-purpose combine harvester walking chassis device to improve the speed of the harvester on a flat road and the adaptability to complex fields, and greatly improve the cross-regional operation performance of the harvester.

The present invention achieves the above-mentioned technical purpose through the following technical means.

A walking chassis device for a wheel-track universal combine harvester, including a harvester chassis, an engine, a driving console, a power transmission shaft group and a gearbox, and also includes a track group, a track drive wheel group, a harvester wheel group and a track tensioner wheel set; the crawler track set includes the same left track and right track that are provided with meshing teeth A on the inside and full-width anti-skid ribs on the outside;

The harvester wheel set includes the same right front wheel, left front wheel, right rear wheel and left rear wheel; the right front wheel, left front wheel, right rear wheel and left rear wheel all include a hub and a pneumatic carcass; the pneumatic tire The carcass is nested outside the wheel hub; the outer circumference of the pneumatic carcass is provided with a plurality of meshing teeth B matching the meshing teeth A; the left front wheel is connected to the left power half shaft of the power transmission shaft group through a plurality of wheel connectors , the right front wheel is connected to the right power half shaft of the power transmission shaft group through a plurality of wheel connectors; the right rear wheel and the left rear wheel are connected by a bridge;

The track driving wheel set includes the same left driving wheel and right driving wheel, and a plurality of meshing teeth C matching meshing teeth A are provided on the outer circumference of the left driving wheel and the right driving wheel; Covered on the outside of the left front wheel and rotate coaxially with the left front wheel; the right drive wheel is nested on the outside of the right front wheel and rotate coaxially with the right front wheel;

The track tensioning wheel set includes the same left tensioning wheel and right tensioning wheel, the left tensioning wheel is located at the right rear side of the left rear wheel, and the right tensioning wheel is located at the right rear side of the right rear wheel; The left front wheel, the left driving wheel, the left rear wheel and the left tensioning wheel are located on the same axis, and the outer side is covered with a left track; the right front wheel, the right driving wheel, the right rear wheel and the right tensioning wheel are located on the same axis, and The outer cover has a right track.

Further, the driving console is located at the front end of the harvester chassis; the engine is located between the driving console and the harvester chassis; the gearbox is located at the lower front side of the harvester chassis, and the left power of the power transmission shaft The half shaft and right power half shaft are located on either side of the gearbox.

Further, the left drive wheel is nested on the outside of the left front wheel through a plurality of drive wheel connectors; the drive wheel support sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the drive wheel connector between the left drive wheel and the hub; the right The drive wheel is nested on the outside of the right front wheel through a plurality of drive wheel connectors; the drive wheel support sleeve is sheathed on the outside of the part between the right drive wheel and the hub of the drive wheel connector.

Further, the tooth widths of the meshing teeth B and C are the same as the tooth widths of the meshing teeth A.

Further, the total width of the left crawler and the right crawler is 450mm-550mm; the full-width anti-skid rib has a height of 30mm-45mm, a rib width of 45mm-65mm, and a pitch of 200mm-400mm; the meshing teeth A The tooth height is 40mm-50mm, the tooth width is 20mm-30mm, and the tooth length is 80mm-100mm.

Further, the diameter of the left drive wheel and the right drive wheel is 55cm-70cm, the thickness is 45mm-65mm, and there are 12-16 meshing teeth C evenly distributed on the outer circumference, and the tooth height of the meshing teeth C is 40mm-50mm , Tooth width 20mm ~ 30mm.

Further, the outer diameter of the right front wheel, the left front wheel, the right rear wheel and the left rear wheel is 50cm-65cm, and the width is 12cm-18cm, and there are 12-16 meshing teeth B evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the pneumatic carcass, The tooth height of the meshing teeth B is 40mm-50mm, the tooth thickness is 20mm-30mm, and the tooth length is 12cm-18cm.

Further, the crawler bodies of the left and right crawlers, the meshing teeth A, and the meshing teeth B have skeletons composed of steel wires and steel plates.

Further, the drive wheel connector and the wheel connector are both bolt and nut assemblies.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

(1) The present invention can realize the convenient conversion of the two driving modes of the wheel type and the crawler belt, cut off the power engagement of the left power half shaft and the right power half shaft through the gearbox to control driving and steering, and can be well applied to both the wheel type and the crawler belt. It adopts a variety of driving modes, and the operation is flexible and convenient; it adopts a wheeled walking mode on flat roads and hard grounds to achieve fast walking and flexible steering; it can realize dual-track subsidence resistance and stability in wet and soft fields, uneven roads, and climbing over stalks Driving effectively improves the passability and adaptability of the harvester in the field.

(2) The present invention continues to use the existing market mainstream chassis frame structure on the harvester chassis structure, and can be compatible and interchangeable with the existing combine harvester chassis; and harvester wheel structure, track drive wheel, track tensioner Similar to the existing mainstream product structure, it can greatly reduce the cost of R&D and production design. It can be manufactured only by improving the existing combine harvester wheel production line; in addition, the harvesting threshing backpack of the existing grain combine harvester can be directly It is installed on the walking chassis device of the present invention to realize combined harvesting of rice and has good versatility.

(3) In the present invention, the crawler drive wheel is connected to the harvester wheel through the drive wheel connector, and the vehicle hub is connected to the power transmission shaft through the wheel connector. The operation is simple and convenient, and ordinary operators can complete the corresponding installation and disassembly; Use a jack to lift the whole machine off the ground, release 20% of the air volume of the four wheels, and then install the left and right crawlers. The installation is very easy and convenient; The meshing teeth on the wheel, the rear wheel and the tensioning wheel are meshed at the same time, and the drive transmission performance of the driving wheel is more stable and the transmission power is greater than that of the existing product.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the walking chassis device of the wheel-track universal combine harvester.

Fig. 2 is a left view of the walking chassis device of the wheel-track universal combine harvester.

Figure 3 is a front view of the right front wheel.

Figure 4 is a sectional view of the right front wheel.

Figure 5 is a front view of the assembly of the right drive wheel and the right front wheel.

Fig. 6 is an assembly sectional view of the right drive wheel and the right front wheel.

Fig. 7 is an assembly drawing of the walking chassis and the grain harvesting backpack of the wheel-track universal combine harvester.

The reference signs are explained as follows:

1-track driving wheel set, 2-track set, 3-harvester wheel set, 4-track tensioning wheel set, 5-harvester chassis, 6-engine, 7-driving console, 8-power transmission shaft set, 9-gearbox, 10-grain harvesting backpack, 101-drive wheel connector, 102-drive wheel support sleeve, 103-left drive wheel, 104-right drive wheel, 201-left track, 202-right track, 301- Pneumatic tire, 302-wheel hub, 303-wheel connector, 304-right front wheel, 305-left front wheel, 306-right rear wheel, 307-left rear wheel, 401-left tension wheel, 402-right tension wheel, 801 - Left power transmission shaft, 802 - Right power transmission shaft.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a walking chassis device for a wheel-track universal combine harvester includes a track driving wheel set 1, a track set 2, a harvester wheel set 3, a track tensioning wheel set 4, and a harvester chassis 5 , engine 6, driving console 7, power transmission shaft group 8, gearbox 9; driving console 7 is located at the front end on harvester chassis 5, engine 6 is located between harvester chassis 5 and driving console 7, and gearbox 9 is located at The lower front side of the harvester chassis 5, the left power half shaft 801 and the right power half shaft 802 of the power transmission shaft group 8 are located on both sides of the gearbox 9; the structure of the harvester chassis 5 follows the chassis frame structure of the existing market mainstream, Compatible and interchangeable with existing combine harvester chassis;

The crawler belt group 2 includes the same left crawler belt 201 and right crawler belt 202 with meshing teeth A on the inside and full-width anti-skid ribs on the outside. The total width of the left crawler belt 201 and the right crawler belt 202 can be selected to be 450 mm to 550 mm; The full-width non-slip rib has a height of 30mm-45mm, a width of 45mm-65mm, and a pitch of 200mm-400mm; the tooth height of the meshing tooth A is 40mm-50mm, the width of the tooth is 20mm-30mm, and the length of the tooth is 80mm-100mm.

Harvester wheel group 3 comprises identical right front wheel 304, left front wheel 305, right rear wheel 306 and left rear wheel 307, and its external diameter is 50cm～65cm, and width is 12cm～18cm; As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, right front wheel 304 , left front wheel 305, right rear wheel 306 and left rear wheel 307 all comprise wheel hub 302 and pneumatic carcass 301; Pneumatic carcass 301 is nested on the outside of wheel hub 302; The meshing tooth B matched with the meshing tooth A can make the tooth width of the meshing tooth B and the meshing tooth A the same, the tooth height of the meshing tooth B is 40mm-50mm, the tooth thickness is 20mm-30mm, and the tooth length is 12cm-18cm; 8-10 connection holes A, the left front wheel 305 is connected to the left power half shaft 801 by installing a wheel connector 303 at the connection hole A, similarly, the right front wheel 304 is connected to the right power half shaft 802 through a plurality of wheel connectors 303 ; The right rear wheel 306 and the left rear wheel 307 are connected by a bridge.

Track driving wheel set 1 comprises identical left driving wheel 103 and right driving wheel 104, and its diameter is 55cm～70cm, and thickness is 45mm～65mm; As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, described left driving wheel 103 and right driving wheel There are 12-16 meshing teeth C matching the meshing teeth A on the outer circumference of the wheel 104, so that the tooth width of the meshing teeth C is the same as that of the meshing teeth A, and the tooth height of the meshing teeth C is 40mm~50mm, and the tooth width is 20mm~ 30mm; the hub 302 of the left front wheel 305 and the right front wheel 304 is also provided with 8-12 connection holes B for installing the drive wheel connector 101; the right drive wheel 104 is nested in the right front wheel through a plurality of drive wheel connectors 101 304 outside; the drive wheel connector 101 is located on the outside of the part between the right drive wheel 104 and the wheel hub 302 with a drive wheel support sleeve 102, so that the right drive wheel 104 and the right front wheel 304 rotate coaxially; the left drive wheel 103 passes through 8- 12 driving wheel connectors 101 are nested on the outside of the left front wheel 305, and the outer side of the part between the left driving wheel 103 and the hub 302 is covered with a driving wheel supporting sleeve 102, so that the left driving wheel 103 and the left front wheel 305 coaxial rotations. Harvester wheel set, track driving wheel set, track tensioning wheel set are similar to existing mainstream product structures, which can greatly reduce R&D and production design costs, and can be produced by improving the existing combine harvester wheel production line;

The specific implementation process of the wheel shoe general type combine harvester walking chassis device of the present invention when the wheel shoe replacement and field harvesting is:

When the harvester needs to drive fast on a flat road or hard ground, or when it needs to travel across regions, or when it is working on dry land or harvesting in hard fields, the harvester adopts a wheel structure, and the engine 6 transmits power to the gearbox 9. Transmission box 9 transmits power to left power half shaft 801 and right power half shaft 802 simultaneously, and left power half shaft 801 passes power to left front wheel 305, and right power half shaft 802 passes power to right front wheel 304, realizes combine harvester The power of the right front wheel 304 and the left front wheel 305 is driven to walk; the power of the gearbox 9 is cut off or engaged through the driving console 7, and it is realized when the gearbox 9 transmits power to the left power half shaft 801 and the right power half shaft 802 at the same time The advance of the harvester; when the power of the gearbox 9 is transmitted to the left power half shaft 801, and the power of the right power half shaft 802 is cut off simultaneously, a right turn is realized; when the power of the gearbox 9 is passed to the right power half shaft 802, the left The left turn is realized when the power half shaft 801 is powered; the steering and operability of the device are greatly improved, and the harvesting efficiency is high;

When the harvester is on wet and soft fields, uneven roads, or climbing over stalks, it is necessary to install driving wheels and crawlers on the chassis wheels. Lift the whole machine off the ground on the girder under the rear wheel 307, then let the right front wheel 304, the left front wheel 305, the right rear wheel 306 and the left rear wheel 307 bleed off 20% of the gas volume, and the left crawler belt 201 and the right crawler belt will be installed. After 202, the right front wheel 304, the left front wheel 305, the right rear wheel 306 and the left rear wheel 307 are all fully inflated, and the left crawler belt 201 and the right crawler belt 202 are tensioned by the left tension pulley 401 and the right tension pulley 402 respectively. Tensioning is carried out, and the meshing teeth on the driving wheel, rear wheel, and tensioning wheel are meshed at the same time through the meshing teeth of the crawler belt. Compared with the existing product, the driving transmission performance of the driving wheel is more stable and the transmission power is greater; the involvement of double crawlers can also play a role. To achieve the purpose of anti-subsidence and smooth driving, the passability and adaptability of the harvester in the field are effectively improved. As shown in FIG. 7 , field harvesting can be carried out by installing a grain harvesting backpack 10 on the walking chassis device of the combine harvester of the present invention, which has good versatility.

The described embodiment is a preferred implementation of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation, without departing from the essence of the present invention, any obvious improvement, replacement or modification that those skilled in the art can make Modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a wheel carries out general-purpose combine harvester walking base apparatus, comprise harvester chassis (5), driving engine (6), driver behavior platform (7), power drive shaft group (8) and change speed gear box (9), it is characterized in that, also comprise crawler belt group (2), track propulsion wheels (1), reaper wheel group (3) and crawler tensioning wheels (4); Described crawler belt group (2) comprises the identical left crawler belt (201) and right-hand track chiain (202) that inner side is provided with engaging tooth A, outside is provided with the wide antislip cog of full width;

Described reaper wheel group (3) comprises identical right front wheel (304), front left wheel (305), right rear wheel (306) and rear left wheel (307); Described right front wheel (304), front left wheel (305), right rear wheel (306) and rear left wheel (307) include wheel hub (302) and inflation carcass (301); Described inflation carcass (301) is nested in wheel hub (302) outside; Described inflation carcass (301) outer circumference is provided with multiple engaging tooth B mated with engaging tooth A; Described front left wheel (305) is connected with the left power semiaxis (801) of power drive shaft group (8) by multiple wheel attaching parts (303), and described right front wheel (304) is connected with the right power semiaxis (802) of power drive shaft group (8) by multiple wheel attaching parts (303); Described right rear wheel (306) is connected by gap bridge with rear left wheel (307);

Described track propulsion wheels (1) comprise identical left driving wheel (103) and right drive wheel (104), and described left driving wheel (103) and right drive wheel (104) outer circumference are equipped with multiple engaging tooth C mated with engaging tooth A; Described left driving wheel (103) be nested in front left wheel (305) outside, and with front left wheel (305) coaxial rotation; Described right drive wheel (104) be nested in right front wheel (304) outside, and with right front wheel (304) coaxial rotation;

Described crawler tensioning wheels (4) comprise identical left tension wheel (401) and right tension wheel (402), described left tension wheel (401) is positioned at the positive rear side of rear left wheel (307), and described right tension wheel (402) is positioned at the positive rear side of right rear wheel (306); Described front left wheel (305), left driving wheel (103), rear left wheel (307) and left tension wheel (401) are positioned on same axis, and outside cover has left crawler belt (201); Described right front wheel (304), right drive wheel (104), right rear wheel (306) and right tension wheel (402) are positioned on same axis, and outside cover has right-hand track chiain (202).

2. one wheel according to claim 1 carries out general-purpose combine harvester walking base apparatus, it is characterized in that, described driver behavior platform (7) is positioned at the upper front end of harvester chassis (5); Described driving engine (6) is positioned between driver behavior platform (7) and harvester chassis (5); Described change speed gear box (9) is positioned on front side of under harvester chassis (5), and the left power semiaxis (801) of described power drive shaft group (8) and right power semiaxis (802) are positioned at change speed gear box (9) both sides.

3. one wheel according to claim 1 and 2 carries out general-purpose combine harvester walking base apparatus, it is characterized in that, described left driving wheel (103) is nested in front left wheel (305) outside by multiple drive wheel attaching parts (101); The outside that described drive wheel attaching parts (101) to be positioned between left driving wheel (103) and wheel hub (302) part is overlapped and is had drive wheel stop sleeve (102); Described right drive wheel (104) is nested in right front wheel (304) outside by multiple drive wheel attaching parts (101); The outside that described drive wheel attaching parts (101) to be positioned between right drive wheel (104) and wheel hub (302) part is overlapped and is had drive wheel stop sleeve (102).

4. one wheel according to claim 3 carries out general-purpose combine harvester walking base apparatus, and it is characterized in that, described engaging tooth B is identical with the facewidth of engaging tooth A with the facewidth of engaging tooth C.

5. one wheel according to claim 4 carries out general-purpose combine harvester walking base apparatus, and it is characterized in that, the overall width of described left crawler belt (201) and right-hand track chiain (202) is 450mm ~ 550mm; The rib height 30mm ~ 45mm of the wide antislip cog of described full width, the wide 45mm ~ 65mm of rib, pitch 200mm ~ 400mm; Tooth depth 40mm ~ 50mm, the facewidth 20mm of described engaging tooth A ~ 30mm, long 80mm ~ 100mm of tooth.

6. one wheel according to claim 4 carries out general-purpose combine harvester walking base apparatus, it is characterized in that, the diameter of described left driving wheel (103) and right drive wheel (104) is 55cm ~ 70cm, thickness is 45mm ~ 65mm, and outer circumference is evenly equipped with 12 ~ 16 engaging tooth C, tooth depth 40mm ~ 50mm, the facewidth 20mm of described engaging tooth C ~ 30mm.

7. one wheel according to claim 4 carries out general-purpose combine harvester walking base apparatus, it is characterized in that, the external diameter of described right front wheel (304), front left wheel (305), right rear wheel (306) and rear left wheel (307) is 50cm ~ 65cm, width is 12cm ~ 18cm, described inflation carcass (301) outer circumference is evenly equipped with 12 ~ 16 engaging tooth B, tooth depth 40mm ~ the 50mm of described engaging tooth B, transverse tooth thickness 20mm ~ 30mm, the long 12cm ~ 18cm of tooth.

8. one wheel according to claim 1 carries out general-purpose combine harvester walking base apparatus, it is characterized in that in the track of described left crawler belt (201) and right-hand track chiain (202) and engaging tooth A, engaging tooth B, all there is the skeleton that steel wire and steel plate are formed.

9. one wheel according to claim 1 carries out general-purpose combine harvester walking base apparatus, and it is characterized in that, described drive wheel attaching parts (101) and wheel attaching parts (303) are bolt, nut assembly.