CN105535495B - 一种培元固本治疗食管癌的中药组合物及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种培元固本治疗食管癌的中药组合物及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明具体涉及一种培元固本治疗食管癌的中药组合物,所述中药组合物包括以下重量份数的原料药:紫河车10‑30份,鹿茸10‑30份,红参10‑30份,五灵脂10‑20份,三七10‑35份,琥珀10‑20份,黄芪10‑35,海藻10‑45份,木鳖子10‑20份,醋鳖甲10‑35份,生半夏10‑25份,蚤休5‑15份,牡蛎10‑35份,全虫10‑20份,蜈蚣10‑20份,黄药子10‑15份,山慈菇10‑20份,山豆根10‑20份,明雄黄5‑15份,生甘草10‑45份。本发明涉及一种培元固本治疗食管癌的中药组合物,其采用扶正与祛邪的方法,适用于食管癌术后或放化疗后元气大伤,形体虚劳,正虚不能抗邪,生存质量下降的患者。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药技术领域,具体涉及一种培元固本治疗食管癌的中药组合物。
背景技术
食管癌是我国最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,占全国恶性肿瘤的21.80%,仅次于胃癌,占第二位。全世界每年约有30万人死于食管癌。据统计50~60岁发病人数占总发病人的66.14%。我国是世界上食管癌高发地区之一,每年平均病死约15万人。男性发病率比女性高4倍。其发病率和死亡率随年龄增长而递增。发病在地理分布上由东南至西北方向逐步提高,高发区的发病率、死亡率与低发区相差达100倍。食管癌典型的症状为进行性咽下困难,先是难咽干的食物,继而是半流质食物,最后水和唾液也不能咽下。常吐黏液样痰,为下咽的唾液和食管的分泌物。患者逐渐消瘦、脱水、无力。持续胸痛或背痛表示为晚期症状,癌已侵犯食管外组织。食管癌的人群分布与年龄、性别、职业、种族、地域、生活环境、饮食生活习惯、遗传易感性等有一定关系。经已有调查资料显示食管癌可能是多种因素所致的疾病。已提出的病因如下:1.化学病因 亚硝胺。这类化合物及其前体分布很广,可在体内、外形成,致癌性强。在高发区的膳食、饮水、酸菜、甚至病人的唾液中,测亚硝酸盐含量均远较低发区为高。2.生物性病因 真菌。在某些高发区的粮食中、食管癌病人的上消化道中或切除的食管癌标本上,均能分离出多种真菌,其中某些真菌有致癌作用。有些真菌能促使亚硝胺及其前体的形成,更促进癌肿的发生。3.缺乏某些微量元素 钼、铁、锌、氟、硒等在粮食、蔬菜、饮水中含量偏低。4.缺乏维生素 缺乏维生素A、维生素B2、维生素C以及动物蛋白、新鲜蔬菜、水果摄入不足,是食管癌高发区的一个共同特点。5.烟、酒、热食、热饮、口腔不洁等因素长期饮烈性酒、嗜好吸烟,食物过硬、过热、进食过快,引起慢性刺激、炎症、创伤或口腔不洁、龋齿等均可能与食管癌的发生有关。6.食管癌遗传易感因素。
祖国医学认为本病属中医学的噎膈范围。噎膈是由于食道干涩或食管狭窄导致吞咽食物哽噎不顺,饮食不下,或食而复出的疾患。噎即噎塞,指吞咽之时哽噎不顺;嗝为格拒,指饮食不下。噎虽可单独出现,而又每为膈的前驱表现,故临床往往以噎膈并称。膈之名,首见于《内经》。《素问·阴阳别论》云“三阳结,谓之膈。”《素问·通评虚实论》云:“膈塞闭绝,上下不通,则暴忧之病也。”这些论述对后人探讨噎膈的病因病机,立法处方启迪很大。隋·巢元方《诸病源候论》将噎膈分为气,忧,食,劳,思五噎和忧,恚,气,寒,热五膈,指出精神因素对本病的影响甚大。宋·严用和《济生方.五噎五膈论治》认为:“阳气先结,阴气后乱,阴阳不和,脏腑生病,结于胸膈,则成膈,气留于咽嗌,则成五噎。”并提出了“调顺阴阳,化痰下气”的治疗原则。元·朱丹溪《脉因证治·噎膈》云:“大概因血液具耗,胃脘亦槁,在上近咽之下···名之曰噎。其槁在下,与胃为近···名之曰膈。”提出“润养津血,降火散结”的治法,则重以润为通。明·张景岳对噎膈进行了较为全面的论述,指出噎膈与反胃是两个不同的病症,认为脾主运化,肾为化生之本,运化失职,精血枯涸为病机所在,从而提出温脾滋肾之治疗大法。清·叶天士在《临证指南医案·噎膈反胃》中提出“脘管窄隘”为本病的病因病机,这一观点对现在的临床治疗仍具有重要意义。近代张锡纯《医学衷中参西录》认为噎膈“不论何因,其贲门积有淤血者十之七八”,强调活血化瘀在治疗中的重要性,并指出预后与“淤血之根蒂未净,是以有再发之”有关。
西医治疗食管癌,遵循其一贯以来分而治之的理念,“头痛医头,脚痛医脚”,忽视了人的整体性。食管癌从中医角度属于“噎膈”等范畴,其主要病机为气,痰,瘀交结,阻隔于食道,胃脘而致。病位在食道,属胃所主,与肝脾肾密切相关。病理性质主要有虚实两方面,为本虚标实之证。本虚与脾肾亏虚,津液枯槁,不能濡养有关;标实为气滞,血淤,痰凝阻于食道和胃,致使哽噎不顺,格塞难下或食而复出,而发为噎膈。本病初期,以痰气交阻于食道和胃为主,病情较轻,多属实证,继则瘀血内结,痰气瘀三者交结,进而化火伤阴,或痰瘀生热,伤阴耗液,则病情由轻转重。病至晚期,阴津日益枯槁,胃腹失其濡养,或阴损及阳,脾肾阳气衰败,不能蒸津化津,运津,痰气瘀结益甚,发展成为虚实夹杂之候。临床表现为胸骨后不适,烧灼感或疼痛,食物通过有进行性,持续性吞咽困难,咽下梗阻,食入即吐,进行性消瘦。常见的主要有痰气交阻证,津亏热结证,瘀血内结证,气虚阳微证四种类型。西药一般采取手术,放疗,化疗等方法,但是治标不治本,攻邪又伤正,不能从根本上提高患者生存质量,延长患者生存时间。本发明专利从中医学的角度解释和治疗食管癌是最贴切的。该专利制备的药酒固本培元治疗食管癌,其疗效显著,五年生存率可达70%以上,临床有效率达80%以上;并且对其它消化系统肿瘤的治疗如胃癌,结肠癌等也有较好的效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种固本培元治疗食管癌的中药组合物,具有固本培元,扶益正气,驱邪抗癌功效,用于治疗食管癌和其他消化系统肿瘤的治疗。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种中药固本培元治疗食管癌的中药组合物制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
该培元固本治疗食管癌的中药组合物,其特征在于,该中药组合物包括以下重量份数的原料药:紫河车10-30份,鹿茸10-30份,红参10-30份,五灵脂10-20份,三七10-35份,琥珀10-20份,黄芪10-35,海藻10-45份,木鳖子10-20份,醋鳖甲10-35份,生半夏10-25份,蚤休5-15份,牡蛎10-35份,全虫10-20份,蜈蚣10-20份,黄药子10-15份,山慈菇10-20份,山豆根10-20份,明雄黄5-15份,生甘草10-45份。
所述中药组合物包括以下重量份数的原料药:紫河车10-25份,鹿茸10-25份,红参10-25份,五灵脂10-15份,三七15-30份,琥珀15-20份,黄芪15-30份,海藻15-40份,木鳖子10-15份,醋鳖甲15-30份,生半夏10-20份,蚤休10-15份,牡蛎10-30份,全虫10-15份,蜈蚣10-15份,黄药子10-20份,山慈菇10-15份,山豆根10-15份,明雄黄8-10份,生甘草15-30份。
所述中药组合物包括以下重量份数的原料药:紫河车15份,鹿茸15份,红参20份,五灵脂12份,三七20份,琥珀15份,黄芪30份,海藻30份,木鳖子12份,醋鳖甲20份,生半夏15份,蚤休12份,牡蛎20份,全虫12份,蜈蚣12份,黄药子15份,山慈菇12份,山豆根10份,明雄黄10份,生甘草20份。
该培元固本治疗食管癌的中药组合物制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)取原料药加入5-6倍量的乙醇中浸泡1.5-2 h,加热提取2-3次,每次1.5-2 h,合并提取液,然后100-140目滤过,再经截流分子量为5000-10000的超滤柱超滤,超滤液减压浓缩至相对密度为60-70 ℃时1.15-1.20 g /mL的浸膏,静置备用,为组分A;
(2)将步骤(1)乙醇提取过的原料药的药渣加5-10倍量蒸馏水,加热回流提取2-3次,每次l.5-2 h,合并提取液,静置,为组分B;
(3)将组分A和组分B的合并,抽滤,接着减压浓缩至药液浓度为1.0-1.1 g /mL,接着经大孔吸附树脂柱吸附,用8-12倍树脂柱体积的蒸馏水洗脱,再用5-6倍树脂柱体积的无水乙醇洗脱,收集乙醇洗脱液,去除溶剂,得到药粉,装入胶囊,每粒0.5-1.0 g。
该培元固本治疗食管癌的中药组合物制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将各种原料药去杂,晾干,粉碎成颗粒,加水浸泡1.5-2 h:将浸泡好的原料置多功能提取罐中加水煎煮2-3次,第一次加总药材5-10倍量的水,煎煮1.5-2 h,取煎液,滤过,第二次加总量4-6倍量的水,煎煮l-1.2 h,取两次煎液混合,滤过;
(2)将过滤的滤液减压浓缩至70-80 ℃时相对密度为1.10-1.20的浓缩液,置0-5℃低温冷藏20-24 h;
(3)将步骤(2)冷藏液加硅藻土,过滤,滤液减压浓缩,干燥成粉末,装入胶囊,每粒0.5-1.0 g。
本发明固本培元治疗食管癌的内服药物的服用方法:每日2-3次,每次1-3粒,每粒0.5-1.0 g,30天一个疗程。
本发明中药组合物各种原料药的药理作用:
紫河车,性味甘咸,温,归肺、肾、肝经,补肾益精,养血益气。用于阳痿遗精,腰酸,头晕,耳鸣,气血不足,肺肾虚喘诸症。《本草拾遗》:“治血虚羸瘦,妇人虚劳,面干皮黑,腹内诸病渐瘦悴者。《本草经疏》:“人胞乃补阴阳两虚之药,有返本还原之功。现代药理学研究表明:胎盘球蛋白制品中含有多种抗体,在临床上长期用于被动免疫。人胎盘中还含有干扰素,有抑制多种病毒对人细胞的作用,以及含有能抑制流感病毒的巨球蛋白,称β-抑制因子。胎盘还含有抗某些传染病的抗体,此外,胎盘中含有多种酶系统,增强机体抵抗力,具免疫及抗过敏作用。
鹿茸,性味甘咸,温。归肾、肝经,补肾阳,益精血,强筋骨,调冲任,托疮毒,用于肾阳虚衰,精血不足证,肾虚骨弱,腰膝无力或小儿五迟,妇女冲任虚寒,崩漏带下,疮疡久溃不敛,阴疽疮肿内陷不起。《神农本草经》:“主漏下恶血,寒热惊痫,益气强志,生齿不老。”《本草纲目》:“生髓补血,养血益阳,强筋健骨。治一切虚损,耳聋目暗,眩晕虚痢。”现代药理学研究表明:鹿茸中的氨基酸,以甘氨酸含量最丰富,还含有中性糖,葡萄糖胺,鹿茸灰分中含有钙,磷,镁等,水浸出物中含多量胶质。大剂量鹿茸精可减慢心率,并使外周血管扩张,血压降低。中等剂量鹿茸精引起离体心脏活动明显增强,心肌收缩力增强,心率加快,结果使心输出量明显增加。鹿茸具有明显的抗脂质过氧化作用及抗应激作用。
红参,味甘,微苦,性微温,归肺、脾、心经,功能大补元气,补脾益肺,生津,安神益智。主治元气虚脱证,肺脾心肾气虚证,热病气虚津伤口渴及消渴症。《本经》:“主补五脏,安精神,止惊悸,除邪气,明目,开心益智。”《别录》:“疗肠胃中冷,心腹鼓痛,胸肋逆满,霍乱吐逆,调中,止消渴,通血脉,破坚积,令人不忘。”《药性论》:“主五脏气不足,五劳七伤,虚损瘦弱,吐逆不下食,止霍乱烦闷呕哕,补五脏六腑,保中守神。""消胸中痰,主肺痿吐脓及痫疾,冷气逆上,伤寒不下食,患人虚而多梦纷纭,加而用之。"现代药理学研究表明:红参含有多种皂苷,挥发油,氨基酸,微量元素及有机酸,糖类,维生素等成分。红参对中枢神经系统具有兴奋作用,而大量时反而有抑制作用。能加强动物高级神经活动的兴奋和抑制过程,并能增强机体对一切非特异性刺激的适应能力,能减少疲劳感(红参的根、茎、叶均能延长小白鼠游泳的持续时间)。另外对心肌及血管有直接作用,一般在小剂量时兴奋,大剂量时抑制。10%红参浸液1毫升/公斤给猫(或兔)灌胃,对心肌无力有一定的改善作用。复温期间有相当程度的恢复。亦有抗过敏性休克及强心的作用。红参对大鼠心肌细胞膜三磷酸腺苷酶活性有抑制作用。加强机体对有害因素的抵抗力:能使感染疟原虫的鸡免于急性死亡,且鸡的体重还逐渐增加。能抑制实验动物由于注射牛奶或疫苗所引起的发热反应。能增强人体适应气温变化的能力。狗在大量失血或窒息而处于垂危状态时,立即注射红参制剂,可使降至很低水平的血压稳固回升。能延长受锥虫感染的小鼠的存活时间。能抑制注射松节油或由于兔耳壳冻伤而引起的全身炎症反应。促进某些实验性损伤的愈合。有抗维生素B1、B2缺乏症的作用。能加速家兔实验性角膜溃疡的愈合作用。能减弱某些毒物(苯、四乙铅、三甲酚磷酸等)对机体的作用。对因肾上腺素引起的高血糖动物有降低血糖的作用;对糖尿病患者除能自觉改善症状外,还有轻微的降血糖作用,并与胰岛素有协同作用。能促进动物的性腺功能,小白鼠吃小量红参,能产生举尾现象。在适当剂量,对家兔也能增加体重,使血浆白蛋白与球蛋白的比值上升。刺激造血器官,有改善贫血的作用。长期服用小量,可使网状内皮系统即能亢进;剂量过大,则呈相反作用。
五灵脂 味苦,咸,甘性温,归肝经。功效活血止痛,化瘀止血。主要治疗瘀血阻滞痛证,瘀血阻滞出血证。《本草经疏》:“五灵脂,其功长于破血行血,故凡瘀血停滞作痛,产后血晕,恶血冲心,少腹儿枕痛,流血经闭,淤血心胃间作痛,血滞经脉,气不得行,攻刺疼痛等证,在所必用。《本草纲目》:“止妇人经血过多,赤带不绝,胎前产后气血诸痛,男女一切心腹,胁肋,少腹诸痛,身体血瘀刺痛。现代药理学研究表明:红参与五灵脂煎剂配伍,能显著增强小鼠免疫器官发育,单核细胞的吞噬功能,溶血素抗体形成,对环磷酰胺造成的免疫功能低下,小鼠胸腺,脾脏重量以及溶血素抗体形成也有明显促进作用,同时,红参配伍五灵脂治疗胃溃疡,慢性胃炎,十二指肠球部糜烂性炎症,慢性结肠炎均获较好疗效,且无1例出现任何毒副作用,临床上二者合用,还用于治疗肿瘤。
三七,性微苦,甘,温,归肝、胃经,功能化瘀止血,活血定痛。用于出血证,跌打损伤,瘀血肿痛。《本草求真》:“三七,世人仅知功能止血住痛,殊不知痛因血瘀则痛作,血因敷散则血止。三七气味苦温,能于血分化其血瘀。”《本草新编》:“三七根,止血之神药,无论上中下之血,凡有外越者,一味独用亦效,加入补血补气药之中则更神。现代药理学研究表明:三七主要含皂苷,黄酮苷,氨基酸等。能够提高体液免疫功能,具有镇痛,抗炎,抗衰老等作用;能够明显治疗大鼠胃黏膜的萎缩性病变,并能逆转腺上皮的不典型增生和肠上皮化生,具有预防肿瘤的作用。
琥珀,味甘,性平,归心、肝、膀胱经,功能镇惊安神,活血散瘀,利尿通淋。主要治疗心神不宁,心悸失眠,惊风,癫痫,痛经经闭,心腹刺痛,癥瘕积聚,淋证,癃闭。《名医别录》:“主安五脏,定魂魄,···消淤血,通五淋。”《本草拾遗》:“止血,生肌,合金疮。”现代药理学研究表明:琥珀酸具有中枢抑制作用,能明显减少小鼠自主活动,延长戊巴比妥纳的睡眠时间,而且对大鼠听源性惊厥与小白鼠电休克反应有保护作用。
黄芪,性味甘,微温,归脾、肺经,补气健脾,升阳举陷,益胃固表,利尿消肿,脱毒生肌,用于脾肺气虚证,气虚自汗证,气血亏虚,疮疡难溃难腐,或溃久难敛。《本草汇言》:“补肺健脾,实胃敛汗,驱风运毒之药也。”《医学衷中参西录》:“能补气,兼能升气,善治胸中大气下陷。”现代药理学研究表明:黄芪能升高低血糖,降低高血糖;能增强心肌收缩力,保护心血管系统,抗心律失常,扩张冠状动脉和周围血管,降低血压,能降低血小板黏附力,减少血栓形成;还有降血脂,抗衰老,抗缺氧,抗辐射,保肝等作用。
海藻 味咸,性寒,归肝肾经。功能消痰软坚,利水消肿。主要用于治疗瘿瘤,瘰疬,睾丸肿痛,痰饮水肿。《神农本草经》:“主瘿瘤气,颈下核,破结散气,臃肿癥瘕坚气,腹中上下鸣,下十二水肿。”《本草纲目》:“海藻,咸能润下,汗能泄热饮水,故能消瘿瘤,结核。现代药理学研究表明:海藻因含碘化物,对缺碘引起的地方性甲状性肿大有治疗作用,并对甲状腺功能亢进,基础代谢率增高有暂时抑制作用。海藻中所含的羊栖菜对枯草杆菌有抑制作用,海藻多糖对I型单纯疱疹病毒有抑制作用。
木鳖子 味苦,微甘,性凉,有小毒,归肝,脾,胃经。功效攻毒疗疮,消肿散结。主要治疗疮疡肿毒,瘰疬,乳痈,痔疮肿痛,干癣,秃疮。《开宝本草》:“主折伤,消结肿,恶疮,生肌,止腰痛,妇人乳痈,肛门肿痛。《本草纲目》:“消疳积痞块,利大肠泻痢,痔瘤瘰疬。”现代药理学研究表明:木鳖子皂苷有抗炎及降压作用。
醋鳖甲 味甘咸,性寒,归肝肾经,功效滋阴潜阳,退热除蒸,软坚散结。主要治疗肝肾阴虚证,癥瘕积聚。《神农本草经》:“主心腹症瘕积聚,寒热,去痞息肉。”《本草汇言》:“除阴虚热虐,解劳热骨蒸之药也。现代药理学研究表明:醋鳖甲能降低实验性甲亢动物血浆cAMP含量;能提高淋巴母细胞转化率,延长抗体存在时间,增强免疫功能;能报保护肾上腺皮质功能;能促进造血功能,提高血红蛋白;能抑制结缔组织增生,故可消散肿块;有防止细胞突变作用;还有一定镇静作用。
生半夏 味辛,性温,有小毒,归脾,胃,肺经。功效燥湿化痰,降逆止呕,消痞散结,外用消肿止痛。主要治疗湿痰寒痰,呕吐,心下痞,结胸,梅核气,瘿瘤,痰核,痈疽肿毒,毒蛇咬伤。《名医别录》:“消心腹胸膈痰热满结,咳嗽上气,心下急痛,坚痞,时气呕逆,消痈肿,堕胎。”《医学起源》:“治寒痰及形寒饮冷伤肺而咳,大和胃气,除胃寒,进饮食。《主治秘要》云:“燥胃湿,化痰,益脾胃气,消肿散结,除胸中痰涎。”现代药理学研究表明:半夏有明显的抑制胃液分泌的作用,水煎醇沉液对多原因所致的胃溃疡有明显的预防和治疗作用。
蚤休 苦,微寒。有小毒,归肝经。功效清热解毒,消肿止痛,凉肝定惊。主要治疗痈肿疔疮,咽喉肿痛,毒蛇咬伤。惊风抽搐,跌打损伤。《神农本草经》:“主惊痫,摇头弄舌,热气在腹中,癫疾痈疮,阴虱,下三虫,去蛇毒。”《本草汇言》:“蚤休凉血祛风,解痈毒之药也。现代药理学研究表明:蚤休有广谱抗菌作用,对痢疾杆菌,伤寒杆菌,大肠杆菌,肠炎杆菌,绿脓杆菌,金黄色葡萄球菌,溶血性链球菌,脑膜炎双球菌等均有不同程度的抑制作用;对亚洲甲型流感病毒有较强的抑制作用;此外还具有抗肿瘤作用。
牡蛎 咸,微寒,归肝,胆,肾经。功能重镇安神,平肝潜阳,软肝散结,收敛固涩。主要用于心神不安,惊悸失眠,肝阳上亢,头晕目眩,痰核瘰疬,瘿瘤,癥瘕积聚,滑脱诸证。《海药本草》:“主男子遗精,虚劳乏损,补肾正气。”《本草备要》:“咸以软坚化痰,消瘰疬结核,老血积聚。”现代药理学研究表明:“牡蛎有镇静抗惊厥的作用,煅牡蛎可明显提高抗实验性胃溃疡活性。
全虫 味辛,性平。归肝经,有小毒。功能息风镇痉,攻毒散结,通络止痛。主要用于治疗痉挛抽搐,疮疡肿毒,瘰疬结核,风湿顽痹,顽固性偏正头痛。《开宝本草》:“疗诸风瘾疹及中风半身不遂,口眼涡斜,语塞,手足抽挚。《本草从新》:“治诸风掉眩,惊痫抽挚等厥阴风木之病。”现代药理学研究表明:全蝎提取液有抑制动物血栓形成,和抗凝作用;蝎身及蝎尾制剂对动物躯体痛或内脏痛均有明显镇痛作用;全蝎水醇提取物分别对人体肝癌和结肠癌细胞有抑制作用。
蜈蚣 味辛,性温;有小毒,归肝经。功能息风镇痉,攻毒散结,通络止痛。主要用于治疗痉挛抽搐,疮疡肿毒,瘰疬痰核,风湿顽痹,顽固性头痛。《神农本草经》:“去诸毒。”《本草纲目》:“小儿惊痫抽搐,脐风口噤,丹毒,秃疮,瘰疬,便毒,痔漏,蛇毒。”现代药理学研究表明:蜈蚣煎剂能改善小鼠的微循环,其水浸剂对结核杆菌及多种皮肤真菌有不同程度的抑制作用。
黄药子 味苦,性寒,有小毒,归肝肺经,功能化痰散结消瘿,清热解毒。主要用于治疗瘿瘤,疮疡肿毒,咽喉肿痛,毒蛇咬伤。《开宝本草》:“诸恶肿疮瘘,喉痹,蛇犬咬毒。”《萃金裘本草述录》:“治肺热咳嗽,唾血,舌肿,咽喉肿痛。”现代药理学研究表明:黄药子醇浸物水液对多种致病真菌有不同程度的抑制作用。
山慈菇 味甘,微辛,凉。归肝脾经。功能清热解毒,消痈散结。主要用于治疗痈疽疔毒,瘰疬痰核,癥瘕痞块。《本草拾遗》:“疗痈肿疮瘘,瘰疬结核等。”《本草纲目》:“主疔肿,攻毒破皮,解诸毒。”现代药理学研究表明光慈姑含有秋水仙碱等多种生物碱,是抗癌的有效物质,近年研究表明,秋水仙碱的衍生物秋水仙酰胺,其抗癌活性更强,故广泛用于治乳腺癌,宫颈癌,食管癌,肺癌,胃癌,皮肤癌等多种癌症。
山豆根 味苦,性寒,有小毒,归肺胃经。功能清热解毒,利咽消肿。主要用于治疗咽喉肿痛,牙龈肿痛。《本草图经》:“采根用,今人寸截含之,以解咽喉肿痛极妙。”《本草备要》:“邪热解毒,,去大肠风热,含之咽汁,止喉痛,齿肿,齿痛。”现代药理学研究表明;山豆根有抗癌作用,所含苦参碱,氧化苦参碱对实验性肿瘤均呈抑制作用;有抗溃疡作用,能抑制胃酸分泌,对实验性溃疡有明显的修复作用。
明雄黄 味辛,性温,有小毒。归肝,胃,大肠经。功效解毒,杀毒。痈肿疔疮,湿疹疥癣,虫蛇咬伤。《神农本草经》:“主寒热,鼠瘘,恶疮,疽痔,死肌,杀百虫毒。”《日华子本草》:“治疥癣,风邪癫痫,岚瘴,一切蛇虫,犬兽伤咬。”现代药理学研究表明:雄黄水浸剂在试管内对堇色毛癣菌等多种致病性皮肤真菌有不同程度抑制作用。雄黄还可以通过诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,抑制细胞DNA合成,增强机体的细胞免疫功能等多种因素发挥其抗肿瘤作用。
生甘草 味甘,性平,归心肺脾经,功能补脾益气,祛痰止咳,缓急止痛,清热解毒,调和诸药。用于心气不足,脉结代,心动悸,脾气虚证,咳喘,脘腹四肢挛急疼痛,热毒疮疡,咽喉肿痛,药食中毒,调和药性。《名医别录》:“温中下气,烦满短气,伤脏咳嗽。”《本草汇言》:“和中益气,补虚解毒之药。”现代药理学研究表明;甘草有抗溃疡,抑制胃酸分泌,缓解胃肠平滑肌痉挛及镇痛作用;有抗菌,抗病毒,抗炎,抗过敏作用。
本发明内服药物组合物各原料药配伍合理,紫河车球蛋白制品中含有多种抗体,在临床上长期采用与被动免疫。人胎盘中还含有干扰素,有抑制多种病毒对人细胞的作用,以及含有能抑制流感病毒的巨球蛋白,称β-抑制因子。此外胎盘还含有抗某些传染病的抗体,因此是一种免疫抑制剂,胎盘中含有多种酶系统,增强机体抵抗力,具免疫及抗过敏作用;鹿茸中的氨基酸,以甘氨酸含量最丰富,还含有中性糖,葡萄糖胺,鹿茸灰分中含有钙,磷,镁等,水浸出物中含多量胶质。大剂量鹿茸精使心缩幅度缩小,心率减慢,并使外周血管扩张,血压降低。中等剂量鹿茸精引起离体心脏活动明显增强,心缩幅度增大,心率加快,结果使心脉搏出量和百分输出量都增加。鹿茸具有明显的抗脂质过氧化作用及抗应激作用;三七主要含皂苷,黄酮苷,氨基酸等。能够提高体液免疫功能,具有镇痛,抗炎,抗衰老等作用;能够明显治疗大鼠胃黏膜的萎缩性病变,并能逆转腺上皮的不典型增生和肠上皮化生,具有预防肿瘤的作用;黄芪能升高低血糖,降低高血糖;能增强心肌收缩力,保护心血管系统,抗心律失常,扩张冠状动脉和周围血管,降低血压,能降低血小板黏附力,减少血栓形成;还有降血脂,抗衰老,抗缺氧,抗辐射,保肝等作用;红参含有多种皂苷,挥发油,氨基酸,微量元素及有机酸,糖类,维生素等成分。红参对中枢神经系统具有兴奋作用,而大量时反而有抑制作用。能加强动物高级神经活动的兴奋和抑制过程。并能增强机体对一切非特异性刺激的适应能力,能减少疲劳感(红参的根、茎、叶均能延长小白鼠游泳的持续时间)。另外对心肌及血管有直接作用,一般在小剂量时兴奋,大剂量时抑制。10%红参浸液1毫升/公斤给猫(或兔)灌胃,对心肌无力有一定的改善作用。复温期间有相当程度的恢复。亦有抗过敏性休克及强心的作用。红参对大鼠心肌细胞膜三磷酸腺苷酶活性有抑制作用。加强机体对有害因素的抵抗力:能使感染疟原虫的鸡免于急性死亡,且鸡的体重还逐渐增加。能抑制实验动物由于注射牛奶或疫苗所引起的发热反应。能增强人体适应气温变化的能力;五药合用共为君药,共奏扶正固本,提高免疫力,抵抗力的功效;琥珀酸具有中枢抑制作用,能明显减少小鼠自主活动,延长戊巴比妥纳的睡眠时间,而且对大鼠听源性惊厥与小白鼠电休克反应有保护作用;红参与五灵脂煎剂配伍,能显著增强小鼠免疫器官发育,单核细胞的吞噬功能,溶血素抗体形成,对环磷酰胺造成的免疫功能低下,小鼠胸腺,脾脏重量以及溶血素抗体形成也有明显促进作用,同时,红参配伍五灵脂治疗胃溃疡,慢性胃炎,十二指肠球部糜烂性炎症,慢性结肠炎均获较好疗效,且无1例出现任何毒副作用,临床上二者合用,还用于治疗肿瘤;海藻因含碘化物,对缺碘引起的地方性甲状性肿大有治疗作用,并对甲状腺功能亢进,基础代谢率增高有暂时抑制作用。海藻中所含的羊栖菜对枯草杆菌有抑制作用,海藻多糖对I型单纯疱疹病毒有抑制作用;醋鳖甲能降低实验性甲亢动物血浆cAMP含量;能提高淋巴母细胞转化率,延长抗体存在时间,增强免疫功能;能报保护肾上腺皮质功能;能促进造血功能,提高血红蛋白;能抑制结缔组织增生,故可消散肿块;有防止细胞突变作用;还有一定镇静作用;四药合用共为臣药,在增强君药功效的基础上,增加驱邪,软坚散结之功,扶正祛邪。木鳖子皂苷有抗炎及降压作用;半夏有明显的抑制胃液分泌的作用,水煎醇沉液对多原因所致的胃溃疡有明显的预防和治疗作用;牡蛎有镇静抗惊厥的作用,煅牡蛎可明显提高抗实验性胃溃疡活性;全蝎提取液有抑制动物血栓形成,和抗凝作用;蝎身及蝎尾制剂对动物躯体痛或内脏痛均有明显镇痛作用;全蝎水醇提取物分别对人体肝癌和结肠癌细胞有抑制作用;蜈蚣煎剂能改善小鼠的微循环,其水浸剂对结核杆菌及多种皮肤真菌有不同程度的抑制作用;黄药子醇浸物水液对多种致病真菌有不同程度的抑制作用;药共为佐药,旨在增强君药和臣药;山慈姑含有秋水仙碱等多种生物碱,是抗癌的有效物质,近年研究表明,秋水仙碱的衍生物秋水仙酰胺,其抗癌活性更强,故广泛用于治乳腺癌,宫颈癌,食管癌,肺癌,胃癌,皮肤癌等多种癌症;这几种药入肝,胃经,具有引药导胃之功效,使药力作用于食管和肠腑。诸药合用具有抗癌攻结,软坚散瘤的作用,故共为佐药,增强君药和臣药的活力。山豆根有抗癌作用,所含苦参碱,氧化苦参碱对实验性肿瘤均呈抑制作用;有抗溃疡作用,能抑制胃酸分泌,对实验性溃疡有明显的修复作用;雄黄水浸剂在试管内对堇色毛癣菌等多种致病性皮肤真菌有不同程度抑制作用。雄黄还可以通过诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,抑制细胞DNA合成,增强机体的细胞免疫功能等多种因素发挥其抗肿瘤作用;甘草有抗溃疡,抑制胃酸分泌,缓解胃肠平滑肌痉挛及镇痛作用;有抗菌,抗病毒,抗炎,抗过敏作用。以上三药相互配伍,共为使药,能减轻毒性,降低毒副作用,同时增强君药臣药的功效。诸药配伍共奏固本培元,扶益正气,驱邪抗癌之功。
本发明的积极有益效果:
1. 本发明内服药物组合物配伍合理、精当,符合“君臣佐使”原则,符合食管癌病机。
2. 本发明固本培元治疗食管癌的中药组合物采用中医扶正祛邪之法,一方面能大补元气,提高人体免疫力,增强抗击邪气的能力;另一方面,活血化瘀,化痰散结,攻瘀逐痹。尤其适用于治疗正虚邪恋型或痰结血瘀型噎膈患者,即现代医学上的食管癌,伴有体质虚弱,机体免疫力低下的食管癌患者。
3. 本发明固本培元治疗食管癌的中药组合物治疗效果显著,总有效率高达80%,临床治愈率高达60%。
4.本发明除了用于治疗食管癌,还可用于其他消化系统肿瘤的治疗,效果也很好。
具体实施方式
下面结合一些具体实施方式,对本发明进一步说明。
实施例1
一种固本培元治疗食管癌的中药组合物,包括以下重量份数的原料药:紫河车10份,鹿茸10份,红参10份,五灵脂10份,三七10份,琥珀10份,黄芪10份,海藻10份,木鳖子10份,醋鳖甲10份,生半夏10份,蚤休5份,牡蛎10份,全虫10份,蜈蚣10份,黄药子10份,山慈菇10份,山豆根10份,明雄黄5份,生甘草10份。
上述的中药组合物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)取原料药加入5倍量的乙醇中浸泡1 h,加热提取3次,每次1 h,合并提取液,静置后取上清液,然后140目滤过,再经截流分子量为5000的超滤柱超滤,超滤液减压浓缩至相对密度为70℃时1.15的浸膏,静置备用,为组分A;
(2)将步骤(1)乙醇提取过的原料药的药渣加8倍量蒸馏水,加热回流提取2次,每次l h,合并提取液,静置,为组分B;
(3)将组分A和组分B的合并,抽滤,接着减压浓缩至药液浓度为1.0 g/mL,接着经大孔吸附树脂柱吸附,用8倍树脂柱体积的蒸馏水洗脱,再用5倍树脂柱体积的无水乙醇洗脱,收集乙醇洗脱液,去除溶剂,得到药粉,装入胶囊,每粒1.0 g。
实施例2
一种固本培元治疗食管癌的中药组合物,包括以下重量份数的原料药:紫河车25份,鹿茸25份,红参25份,五灵脂15份,三七30份,琥珀20份,黄芪30份,海藻40份,木鳖子15份,醋鳖甲30份,生半夏20份,蚤休15份,牡蛎30份,全虫15份,蜈蚣15份,黄药子20份,山慈菇15份,山豆根15份,明雄黄10份,生甘草30份。
上述的内服中药组合物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)取原料药加入6倍量的乙醇中浸泡2 h,加热提取2次,每次2 h,合并提取液,静置后取上清液,然后120目滤过,再经截流分子量为8000的超滤柱超滤,超滤液减压浓缩至相对密度为60℃时1.18的浸膏,静置备用,为组分A;
(2)将步骤(1)乙醇提取过的原料药的药渣加10倍量蒸馏水,加热回流提取3次,每次2 h,合并提取液,静置,为组分B;
(3)将组分A和组分B的合并,抽滤,接着减压浓缩至药液浓度为1.02 g /mL,接着经大孔吸附树脂柱吸附,用10倍树脂柱体积的丢离子水或蒸馏水洗脱,再用6倍树脂柱体积的无水乙醇洗脱,收集乙醇洗脱液,去除溶剂,得到药粉,装入胶囊,每粒0.6 g。
实施例3
一种固本培元治疗食管癌的内服药物组合物,包括以下重量份数的原料药:紫河车15份,鹿茸15份,红参20份,五灵脂12份,三七20份,琥珀15份,黄芪30份,海藻30份,木鳖子12份,醋鳖甲20份,生半夏15份,蚤休12份,牡蛎20份,全虫12份,蜈蚣12份,黄药子15份,山慈菇12份,山豆根10份,明雄黄10份,生甘草20份。
上述中药组合物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)取原料药加入6倍量的乙醇中浸泡2 h,加热提取3次,每次2 h,合并提取液,静置后取上清液,然后140目滤过,再经截流分子量为10000的超滤柱超滤,超滤液减压浓缩至相对密度为70℃时1.18的浸膏,静置备用,为组分A;
(2)将步骤(1)乙醇提取过的原料药的药渣加12倍量蒸馏水,加热回流提取3次,每次2 h,合并提取液,静置,为组分B;
(3)将组分A和组分B的合并,抽滤,接着减压浓缩至药液浓度为1.05 g生药/mL,接着经大孔吸附树脂柱吸附,用12倍树脂柱体积的丢离子水或蒸馏水洗脱,再用6倍树脂柱体积的无水乙醇洗脱,收集乙醇洗脱液,去除溶剂,得到药粉,装入胶囊,每粒1.0 g。
实施例4
一种固本培元治疗食管癌的中药组合物,包括以下重量份数的原料药:紫河车30份,鹿茸30份,红参30份,五灵脂20份,三七35份,琥珀20份,黄芪35份,海藻45份,木鳖子20份,醋鳖甲35份,生半夏25份,蚤休15份,牡蛎35份,全虫20份,蜈蚣20份,黄药子15份,山慈菇20份,山豆根20份,明雄黄15份,生甘草45份。
上述的中药组合物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)取原料药加入5倍量的乙醇中浸泡2 h,加热提取3次,每次2 h,合并提取液,静置后取上清液,然后140目滤过,再经截流分子量为10000的超滤柱超滤,超滤液减压浓缩至相对密度为70℃时1.2的浸膏,静置备用,为组分A;
(2)将步骤(1)乙醇提取过的原料药的药渣加10倍量蒸馏水,加热回流提取3次,每次2 h,合并提取液,静置,为组分B;
(3)将组分A和组分B的合并,抽滤,接着减压浓缩至药液浓度为1.1 g生药/mL,接着经大孔吸附树脂柱吸附,用12倍树脂柱体积的丢离子水或蒸馏水洗脱,再用6倍树脂柱体积的无水乙醇洗脱,收集乙醇洗脱液,去除溶剂,得到药粉,装入胶囊,每粒1.0 g。
实施例5
一种固本培元治疗食管癌的中药组合物,包括以下重量份数的原料药:紫河车10份,鹿茸10份,红参10份,五灵脂10份,三七15份,琥珀15份,黄芪15份,海藻15份,木鳖子10份,醋鳖甲15份,生半夏10份,蚤休10份,牡蛎10份,全虫10份,蜈蚣10份,黄药子10份,山慈菇10份,山豆根10份,明雄黄8份,生甘草15份。
上述的中药组合物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将各种原料药去杂,晾干,粉碎成颗粒,加水浸泡1 h:将浸泡好的原料置多功能提取罐中加水煎煮2次,第一次加总药材8倍量的水,煎煮1.5 h,取煎液,滤过,第二次加总量3倍量的水,煎煮l h,取两次煎液混合,滤过;
(2)将过滤的滤液减压浓缩至80 ℃时相对密度为1.2的浓缩液,置0-5℃低温冷藏24 h;
(3)将冷藏液加硅藻土,过滤,滤液减压浓缩,干燥成粉末,装入胶囊,每粒0.8 g。
实施例6
紫河车10-25份,鹿茸10-25份,红参10-25份,五灵脂10-15份,三七15-30份,琥珀15-20份,黄芪15-30份,海藻15-40份,木鳖子10-15份,醋鳖甲15-30份,生半夏10-20份,蚤休10-15份,牡蛎10-30份,全虫10-15份,蜈蚣10-15份,黄药子10-20份,山慈菇10-15份,山豆根10-15份,明雄黄8-10份,生甘草15-30份。
一种固本培元治疗食管癌的中药组合物,包括以下重量份数的原料药:紫河车25份,鹿茸20份,红参20份,五灵脂15份,三七25份,琥珀15份,黄芪30份,海藻30份,木鳖子15份,醋鳖甲20份,生半夏15份,蚤休15份,牡蛎20份,全虫15份,蜈蚣15份,黄药子10份,山慈菇15份,山豆根10份,明雄黄8份,生甘草25份。
上述的中药组合物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将各种原料药去杂,晾干,粉碎成颗粒,加水浸泡2 h:将浸泡好的原料置多功能提取罐中加水煎煮3次,第一次加总药材10倍量的水,煎煮2 h,取煎液,滤过,第二次加总量5倍量的水,煎煮1.2 h,取两次煎液混合,滤过;
(2)将过滤的滤液减压浓缩至70 ℃时相对密度为1.1的浓缩液,置0-5℃低温冷藏20 h;
(3)将冷藏液加硅藻土,过滤,滤液减压浓缩,干燥成粉末,装入胶囊,每粒0.5 g。
临床试验
l、临床资料
1.1 一般资料
自2009年至今,共收集100例食管癌保守治疗患者,其中男性44例,女性56例,年龄50-73岁,平均年龄61.5岁;病程0.5-3年,病程小于1年者30例,1-2年者36例,2-3年者34例。
1.2 疗效判定标准
按照国家中医药管理局2012年最新发布的《中医病证诊断疗效标准》和2002年国家卫生部制定发布的《中药新药临床研究指导原则》的中药新药治疗食管癌的疗效判定标准进行诊断,疗效判定标准为:
痊愈:生存时间达到五年以上,无临床不适症状,不需服用任何化疗药物,饮食生活恢复正常,精神状态良好。
显效:身体功能基本正常,饮食好转,无明显不适症状,日常生活尚可,不需服用西药化疗药物,且生存时间在3-5年。
有效:饮食有改善,能半流食喝牛奶馒头,不能进食稍硬的食物。精神状态尚可,生活基本能自理,不需服用西药化疗药物,生存时间在1-3年。
无效:和治疗前相比,各方面均无明显改善。
2、治疗方法
2.1 病例分组
按随机的原则将以上病例分为实验组与对照组。实验组内服本发明中药组合物治疗。本发明治疗组50例,其中男15例,女35例;年龄50-73岁,平均61.5岁,平均病程1.75年;对照组50例,其中男29例,女21例;年龄50-64岁,平均57岁,平均病程1.5年。两组资料统计分析无差异。
2.2 治疗方法
实验组:内服药物:本发明实施例1内服药物组合物,每日2-3次,每次1-3粒,1个月为一个疗程。
对照组:应用西药抗肿瘤药物治疗,奥沙利铂130mg/ml,加入250~500ml 5%的葡萄糖溶液中输注2~6个小时。没有主要毒性出现时每3周(21天)给药1次,6个月为一个疗程,齐鲁制药,规格:50mg。
3、临床试验结果见表1。
表1 临床试验结果
组别 | 例数 | 临床痊愈 | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 治愈率(%) | 总有效率(%) |
治疗组 | 50 | 19 | 15 | 6 | 10 | 38 | 80 |
对照组 | 50 | 8 | 12 | 6 | 24 | 16 | 52 |
两组显效率疗效比较,P<0.05,有显著性差异,表明本发明内服治疗食管癌的疗效优于常规西药化疗的治疗方法。
典型病例
1.孟某,男,57岁,农民。2009年8月12日初诊,病史:进行性吞咽困难6月余,患者于2009年4月咽食痛,硬食噎,逐渐加重,消瘦明显,3个月后,唾白粘液,自述胸背痛,大便干燥,食后饱胀不适,浑身困乏,现进食流质半流质食物稍有困难,2009年8月初,到当地人民医院就诊,经钡餐确诊,诊断为中段食管癌,手术治疗后效果不理想,患者想保守治疗,遂来我处治疗。问诊:其父因患“噎食病”于20年前去世,平素体质虚弱,恶食寒凉之品,胃脘冷痛15余年,面色萎黄,舌淡暗,苔少略淡,脉虚弦。证型为:元气虚衰,寒瘀阻滞食道。内服本发明实施例4中药组合物,每日3次、每次2粒;用药1个月后,下咽阻挡减轻,吐少许粘液,胸背痛减轻,感觉身上乏力减轻。坚持治疗5个月后,胃脘冷痛减轻,其他症状基本消失,咽下普通食物顺利,胸背痛消失,继服3个月巩固疗效,追访3年,患者临床症状消失,可进行一般家务活动,一切情况良好。
2.赵某,61岁,男,工人,2010年7月10日入我院治疗,病史:进行性吞咽困难,月余,加重六天,2009年下半年,吃饭时偶有噎食阻挡,须水冲即下,同时咽喉痛,身体逐渐消瘦,吐粘液多,胸背痛,大便溏,平素脾胃消化功能差,畏寒怕冷。检查:面色苍白,消瘦呈恶病质,口粘无味,舌淡,舌体萎缩,脉细弱。钡餐X线显示为食管中下1/3第六椎体同高处有3cm长充盈缺损,粘膜粗乱,诊断为髓质型食管癌。辩证:气血亏虚,机体功能低下。内服本发明实施例1中药组合物,每日3次、每次2粒;治疗五个月症状消失,吐黏痰减少,能进食半流食,胸背痛消失,精神体力恢复尚可。一年后复查,X片显示粘膜细腻,食管平滑肌光滑,随访2年半,无任何不良情况发生,饮食生活与一般人基本一样。
3.崔某,女,65岁,退休干部,2010年10月14日在当地人民医院诊断为食管癌中晚期,遂进行手术,术后效果不甚乐观,放疗化疗后在家修养,院方告知最多能活一年。其子带其来我院治疗,病史:进行性吞咽困难5月余,食量减少,吐白粘痰,体重骤降,至今年10月初进食流食困难,查体:面色萎黄,面部肌肉消瘦殆尽,舌质淡,少苔。脉沉弱涩。辩证:元气虚衰,脏腑失调。内服本发明实施例2中药组合物,每日3次、每次2粒;治疗五个月,X片对照显示病灶缩小为2cm,继续治疗,一年后临床症状基本消失,进食一般饮食,精神气力恢复到病前水平,能操持一般家务。随访至今,患者一切正常。
4.翟某,女,66岁,清洁工人,2009年3月入我院治疗,病史:进行性吞咽困难5个月,于半年前进食有噎感,逐渐加重,继之吐白粘沫,胸背痛,X线钡餐检查,食管下段有6cm狭窄僵硬,粘膜粗糙,蠕动减缓,诊断为食管癌中期。查体,面色微黄,舌质萎缩,舌淡少苔,脉沉微。辩证;气虚血亏,痰瘀阻络。因患者不愿手术治疗,要求保守服中药治疗。内服本发明实施例5中药组合物,每日3次、每次3粒;服药3个月后,症状有明显改善,继服5个月,X片显示病灶轻度缩小,粘膜活动度增加。随访1年半,X线检查,病灶已萎缩消失,生活基本恢复正常,2013年复查良好。随访至今状况良好。
Claims (5)
1.一种培元固本治疗食管癌的中药组合物,其特征在于,由以下重量份数的原料药组成:紫河车10-30份,鹿茸10-30份,红参10-30份,五灵脂10-20份,三七10-35份,琥珀10-20份,黄芪10-35,海藻10-45份,木鳖子10-20份,醋鳖甲10-35份,生半夏10-25份,蚤休5-15份,牡蛎10-35份,全虫10-20份,蜈蚣10-20份,黄药子10-15份,山慈菇10-20份,山豆根10-20份,明雄黄5-15份,生甘草10-45份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的培元固本治疗食管癌的中药组合物,其特征在于,由以下重量份数的原料药组成:紫河车10-25份,鹿茸10-25份,红参10-25份,五灵脂10-15份,三七15-30份,琥珀15-20份,黄芪15-30份,海藻15-40份,木鳖子10-15份,醋鳖甲15-30份,生半夏10-20份,蚤休10-15份,牡蛎10-30份,全虫10-15份,蜈蚣10-15份,黄药子10-20份,山慈菇10-15份,山豆根10-15份,明雄黄8-10份,生甘草15-30份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的培元固本治疗食管癌的中药组合物,其特征在于,由以下重量份数的原料药组成:紫河车15份,鹿茸15份,红参20份,五灵脂12份,三七20份,琥珀15份,黄芪30份,海藻30份,木鳖子12份,醋鳖甲20份,生半夏15份,蚤休12份,牡蛎20份,全虫12份,蜈蚣12份,黄药子15份,山慈菇12份,山豆根10份,明雄黄10份,生甘草20份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的培元固本治疗食管癌的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述的内服药物组合物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)取原料药加入5-6倍量的乙醇中浸泡1.5-2h,加热提取2-3次,每次1.5-2h,合并提取液,然后100-140目滤过,再经截流分子量为5000-10000的超滤柱超滤,超滤液减压浓缩至相对密度为60-70℃时1.15-1.20的浸膏,静置备用,为组分A;
(2)将步骤(1)乙醇提取过的原料药的药渣加5-10倍量蒸馏水,加热回流提取2-3次,每次l.5-2h,合并提取液,静置,为组分B;
(3)可以将组分A和组分B的合并,抽滤,接着减压浓缩至药液浓度为1.0-1.1g/mL,接着经大孔吸附树脂柱吸附,用8-12倍树脂柱体积的蒸馏水洗脱,再用5-6倍树脂柱体积的无水乙醇洗脱,收集乙醇洗脱液,去除溶剂,得到药粉,装入胶囊,每粒0.5-1.0g。
5.根据权利要求1所述的培元固本治疗食管癌的中药组合物,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将各种原料药去杂,晾干,粉碎成颗粒,加水浸泡1.5-2h:将浸泡好的原料置多功能提取罐中加水煎煮2-3次,第一次加总药材5-10倍量的水,煎煮1.5-2h,取煎液,滤过,第二次加总量4-6倍量的水,煎煮l-1.2h,取两次煎液混合,滤过;
(2)将过滤的滤液减压浓缩至70-80℃时相对密度为1.10-1.20的浓缩液,置0-5℃低温冷藏20-24h;
(3)将步骤(2)冷藏液加硅藻土,过滤,滤液减压浓缩,干燥成粉末,装入胶囊,每粒0.5-1.0g。
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