CN105533105A - Processing process of instant multi-flavor crisp onion chips - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
- A23G3/36—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G3/48—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing plants or parts thereof, e.g. fruits, seeds, extracts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
- A23G3/36—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G3/364—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing microorganisms or enzymes; containing paramedical or dietetical agents, e.g. vitamins
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种即食多味洋葱脆片的加工工艺,属于一种洋葱休闲食品领域,它具体步骤报包括选料、预处理和烘烤,预处理具体包括去皮清洗、拣选、切片、护色、漂烫、浸糖和预干燥等步骤。用本发明方法制作的洋葱片,保持了洋葱的营养成分和功能,具有淡淡的洋葱甜味,颜色青黄白色,香脆可口,营养丰富。解决了因洋葱的保藏较久后就会发芽,保藏环境不好就会导致腐败,再加上食用洋葱之后口腔中容易残留口气的问题。充分利用和开发洋葱的功效,为消费者提供健康方便的功能性食品。
The invention discloses a processing technology of ready-to-eat multi-flavored onion chips, which belongs to the field of onion snack food. Its specific steps include material selection, pretreatment and baking, and the pretreatment specifically includes peeling and cleaning, sorting, slicing, Color protection, blanching, sugar dipping and pre-drying steps. The onion slices prepared by the method of the invention maintain the nutritional components and functions of the onion, have a light onion sweetness, are greenish-yellow-white in color, crispy and delicious, and rich in nutrition. It solves the problem that the onion will germinate after being stored for a long time, and if the storage environment is not good, it will cause corruption, and the problem that the bad breath is easy to remain in the mouth after eating the onion is solved. Make full use of and develop the efficacy of onions to provide consumers with healthy and convenient functional food.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种洋葱休闲食品,具体涉及是一种即食多味洋葱脆片的加工工艺。 The invention relates to an onion snack food, in particular to a processing technology of instant multi-flavored onion chips.
背景技术 Background technique
洋葱是我们日常生活中常见的一种果蔬,又叫做葱头,是一种两年生草本植物,主要分为普通洋葱和顶球洋葱。早在几千年前,世界各地就开始种植洋葱,而在近十多年内,洋葱在世界范围内的发展越来越迅速,目前我国洋葱的年产量已经超过了3000万吨。洋葱中含有大量营养素。除了含有大量水分外,几乎没有脂质,其他营养素豆都有包括。 Onion is a common fruit and vegetable in our daily life, also called onion, is a biennial herb, mainly divided into common onion and topping onion. As early as thousands of years ago, onions began to be planted all over the world, and in the past ten years, the development of onions in the world has become more and more rapid. At present, the annual output of onions in my country has exceeded 30 million tons. Onions contain a lot of nutrients. In addition to containing a lot of water, there is almost no fat, and other nutrients are included in beans.
近代医学研究还表明,洋葱中含有微量元素硒。硒是一种抗氧化剂,它的特殊作用是能使人体产生大量谷胱甘肽,谷胱甘肽的生理作用是输送氧气供细胞呼吸,人体内硒含量增加,癌症发生率就会大大下降。此外,洋葱中存在有油前列腺A。前列腺A在人体中,可以使血管舒展,使血液的粘度下降以及防止在人体中形成血栓,现今被当做血管扩张剂使用。所以,洋葱又是一种保健食品。洋葱还具有降血糖和降血脂的作用,从1923年开始,各类关于洋葱是否能够降血糖的研究就一直在进行,科学家分研究发现,因洋葱中含有与降血糖药甲磺丁脉相似的有机物,并在人体内能生成具有强力利尿作用的皮苦素。糖尿病患者每餐食洋葱25~50克能起到较好的降低血糖和利尿的作用。洋葱中的植物杀菌素由于它经由呼吸道、泌尿道、汗腺排出时,能刺激管道壁分泌,所以又有祛痰、利尿、发汗、预防感冒以及抑菌防腐的作用。洋葱还具有杀菌、抑菌的作用,洋葱中的蒜素和某些巯基化合物结合可以抑制蛋白质的结合。洋葱不仅是最常见,最普通的蔬菜,而且具有诸多保健功效。但由于洋葱的浓厚的臭味,使用后不宜在公共场合,故影响其食用。公开号CN102524693A的即食洋葱干具体工艺流程是:选料→原料处理→分切→脱臭→干燥调香;生产出的洋葱干质地干硬,食用不方便。 Modern medical research also shows that onions contain trace element selenium. Selenium is an antioxidant. Its special function is to make the human body produce a large amount of glutathione. The physiological function of glutathione is to transport oxygen for cell respiration. When the selenium content in the human body increases, the incidence of cancer will be greatly reduced. In addition, the oil Prostate A is present in onions. Prostate A in the human body can stretch the blood vessels, reduce the viscosity of the blood and prevent the formation of thrombus in the human body. It is now used as a vasodilator. Therefore, onion is a kind of health food. Onions also have the effect of lowering blood sugar and blood fat. Since 1923, various researches on whether onions can lower blood sugar have been carried out. Organic matter, and can produce epikurin which has a strong diuretic effect in the human body. Diabetics can lower blood sugar and diuresis by eating 25-50 grams of onions per meal. The phytoncide in onion can stimulate the secretion of the duct wall when it is discharged through the respiratory tract, urinary tract, and sweat glands, so it also has the effects of expectorant, diuresis, sweating, cold prevention, and antibacterial and antiseptic. Onions also have bactericidal and antibacterial effects. The combination of allicin in onions and certain sulfhydryl compounds can inhibit the binding of proteins. Onion is not only the most common and common vegetable, but also has many health benefits. However, due to the strong smell of onion, it should not be used in public places after use, so it affects its consumption. The specific technological process of the ready-to-eat dried onion with publication number CN102524693A is: material selection→raw material processing→slitting→deodorization→drying and flavoring; the produced dried onion has a hard texture and is inconvenient to eat.
果蔬脆片,作为健康休闲食品,正日益受到人们的青睐。洋葱脆片是一种属于果蔬类的食品,它的制成主要是以刚采摘或者保持较好的洋葱作为原料,经过适当的预处理后置于电烤炉进行烘烤,形成具有特殊香味以及具有食用方便等优点的一种食品。 Fruit and vegetable crisps, as a healthy snack food, are increasingly favored by people. Onion chips are a kind of food belonging to fruits and vegetables. It is mainly made of freshly picked or well-kept onions as raw materials. After proper pretreatment, it is baked in an electric oven to form a special fragrance and A kind of food that has advantages such as edible convenience.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种即食多味洋葱脆片的加工工艺,用本发明方法制作的洋葱片,保持了洋葱的营养成分和功能,具有淡淡的洋葱甜味,颜色青黄白色,香脆可口,营养丰富。解决了因洋葱的保藏较久后就会发芽,保藏环境不好就会导致腐败,再加上食用洋葱之后口腔中容易残留口气的问题。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a processing technology for instant multi-flavored onion chips. The onion chips made by the method of the present invention maintain the nutritional components and functions of onions, have a light onion sweetness, are greenish-yellow-white in color, and are crispy. Delicious and nutritious. It solves the problem that the onion will germinate after being stored for a long time, and if the storage environment is not good, it will cause corruption, and the problem that the bad breath is easy to remain in the mouth after eating the onion is solved.
为达到上述目的,本发明的技术方案是: For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
本发明所述的一种即食多味洋葱脆片的加工工艺,包括如下步骤: A kind of processing technology of instant multi-flavored onion chips of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1)选料,挑选成熟的鲜洋葱头作原料; (1) material selection, select ripe fresh onion as raw material;
(2)预处理,具体包括如下步骤: (2) preprocessing, specifically comprising the following steps:
A,去皮清洗:将挑选出的鲜洋且外观比较完整的葱头剥除老皮、切蒂后放入清洗机内进行清洗,清洗后不断用流动水冲洗,洗去洋葱表面的灰尘以及喷洒的农药等; A. Peeling and cleaning: Peel off the old skin and cut the stalks of the selected fresh onions and put them in the washing machine for cleaning. After cleaning, rinse with running water continuously to remove the dust on the surface of the onions and spray pesticides, etc.;
B,拣选:清洗干净后,进行人工挑选,将不合格的如破损等的洋葱挑选除去; B. Selection: After cleaning, manual selection is carried out to remove unqualified onions such as damaged onions;
C,切片:调节切片机的刀片距离,然后将洋葱放入切片机内进行切片; C, slicing: adjust the blade distance of the slicer, and then put the onion into the slicer for slicing;
D,护色:将切片后的洋葱放入护色液中进行护色,护色时间为0.5-1.5h; D, color protection: put the sliced onions into the color protection solution for color protection, and the color protection time is 0.5-1.5h;
E,漂烫:将适量水放在电磁炉上烧沸,之后将经过护色的洋葱放在沸水里,不停地将洋葱上下翻动,保证洋葱能够均匀受热,降低酶的活性并保证色泽不会变化;烫漂温度控制在95℃-100℃,烫漂时间控制在30-40s,漂烫后捞出迅速水洗,降温; E, blanching: Put an appropriate amount of water on the induction cooker to boil, then put the color-protected onion in the boiling water, and keep turning the onion up and down to ensure that the onion can be heated evenly, reduce the activity of the enzyme and ensure that the color will not Change; the blanching temperature is controlled at 95°C-100°C, and the blanching time is controlled at 30-40s. After blanching, take it out and wash it quickly, and cool down;
F,浸糖:将温度冷却到室温的洋葱倒入浸糖量为20%-30%的糖液中,调节洋葱脆片的味道,浸泡时间为25-35分钟; F, dipping in sugar: Pour the onions cooled to room temperature into the sugar solution with a sugar dipping amount of 20%-30%, adjust the taste of onion chips, and soak for 25-35 minutes;
G,预干燥:将经过浸糖处理的洋葱整齐的放在铁盘上,然后放入烘箱内进行预干燥处理,预干燥时间为3-4h,干燥至含水率为25%-35%; G. Pre-drying: place the sugar-soaked onions neatly on an iron plate, and then put them in an oven for pre-drying. The pre-drying time is 3-4 hours, and the moisture content is 25%-35%;
(3)烘烤,将预干燥好的洋葱片放入预加热后的电烤炉中,烘烤温度设为100度,烘烤时间为90-120分钟;即为成品。 (3) Baking, put the pre-dried onion slices into a preheated electric oven, set the baking temperature to 100 degrees, and bake for 90-120 minutes; it is the finished product.
优选地,所述步骤C中调节切片机的刀片距离为1.4-1.6mm。 Preferably, in the step C, the distance between the blades of the microtome is adjusted to be 1.4-1.6 mm.
优选地,所述步骤D中护色液包括0.5重量份的柠檬酸钠、0.2重量份的异抗坏血酸钠、0.4重量份的CaCl2、0.5重量份的NaCl和100重量份的蒸馏水。 Preferably, the color protecting solution in step D includes 0.5 parts by weight of sodium citrate, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium erythorbate, 0.4 parts by weight of CaCl 2 , 0.5 parts by weight of NaCl and 100 parts by weight of distilled water.
优选地,所述步骤G预干燥的干燥速度为2m/min,并包括预干燥阶段一和预干燥阶段二,预干燥阶段一干燥温度为55℃,干燥时间为1h;预干燥阶段二干燥温度为50℃,干燥时间为2-3h。 Preferably, the drying speed of the pre-drying in the step G is 2m/min, and includes a pre-drying stage 1 and a pre-drying stage 2, the drying temperature of the pre-drying stage 1 is 55°C, and the drying time is 1h; the drying temperature of the pre-drying stage 2 The temperature is 50℃, and the drying time is 2-3h.
优选地,所述步骤(3)中烘烤时间优选为100分钟。 Preferably, the baking time in the step (3) is preferably 100 minutes.
本发明的有益效果在于,用本发明方法制作的洋葱片,保持了洋葱的营养成分和功能,具有淡淡的洋葱甜味,颜色青黄白色,香脆可口,营养丰富。解决了因洋葱的保藏较久后就会发芽,保藏环境不好就会导致腐败,再加上食用洋葱之后口腔中容易残留口气的问题。另外,可以充分利用和开发洋葱的功效,洋葱中存在有油前列腺A。前列腺A在人体中,可以使血管舒展,使血液的粘度下降以及防止在人体中形成血栓;并且具有杀菌、抑菌的作用,洋葱中的蒜素和某些巯基化合物结合可以抑制蛋白质的结合,起到降血脂降血糖的作用。因此即丰富食品市场的品种,为消费者提供健康方便的功能性食品;同时还能给更多的洋葱种植户带来可观的收入,促进这方面的产业发展,有利于调整产业结构。用本发明方法制作的洋葱片的蔗糖含量为12.1765g/100g;洋葱脆片中Vc的含量为2.04mg/100g;含水量为5.08%;脆片的比容为7.3637mL/g;硬度为5.486N。 The beneficial effect of the invention is that the onion slices prepared by the method of the invention maintain the nutritional components and functions of the onion, have a slight sweetness of the onion, have a greenish-yellow-white color, are crispy and delicious, and are rich in nutrition. It solves the problem that the onion will germinate after being stored for a long time, and if the storage environment is not good, it will cause corruption, and the problem that the bad breath is easy to remain in the mouth after eating the onion is solved. In addition, the efficacy of onion, which contains oil prostate A, can be fully utilized and developed. Prostate A in the human body can stretch blood vessels, reduce blood viscosity and prevent thrombus formation in the human body; it also has bactericidal and antibacterial effects. The combination of allicin in onions and certain sulfhydryl compounds can inhibit the binding of proteins. Play the role of lowering blood fat and blood sugar. Therefore, it is necessary to enrich the varieties of the food market and provide consumers with healthy and convenient functional foods; at the same time, it can also bring considerable income to more onion growers, promote the development of this industry, and help adjust the industrial structure. The sucrose content of the onion slices made by the method of the present invention is 12.1765g/100g; the Vc content in the onion crisp slices is 2.04mg/100g; the water content is 5.08%; the specific volume of the crisp slices is 7.3637mL/g; the hardness is 5.486 N.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明洋葱护色时间对洋葱脆片明亮度(L*)的影响示意图; Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the impact of onion color protection time on onion chips brightness (L*) of the present invention;
图2是本发明是本发明洋葱预干燥时间对洋葱脆片含水率影响示意图。 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the influence of onion pre-drying time on the moisture content of onion chips in the present invention.
具体实施方式 detailed description
下面结合附图和具体实施实例对本发明做进一步详细说明。 The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation examples.
一种即食多味洋葱脆片的加工工艺,具体步骤报包括选料、预处理和烘烤,预处理具体包括去皮清洗、拣选、切片、护色、漂烫、浸糖和预干燥等步骤。 A processing technology for ready-to-eat multi-flavored onion chips. The specific steps include material selection, pretreatment and baking. The pretreatment specifically includes the steps of peeling and cleaning, sorting, slicing, color protection, blanching, sugar dipping and pre-drying. .
确定护色时间: To determine the color protection time:
采用WSC-色差仪测定洋葱脆片的色泽。将白板色泽作为测量的标准,依亨特表色系统测量洋葱脆片成品的明亮指数L*、色品指数a*、b*。其中L*代表的是黑白,即产品的明亮度;a*主要代表的是红绿色泽,a*主要代表的是黄蓝色泽。其中,当L*=0时,则表示的是黑色,如果L*=100时,则表示的是白色。L*虽然不能直接的判断产品色泽的好坏,但是可以间接反映产品色泽的好坏,并且色泽(L*)值越大,则说明洋葱脆片的颜色越好。 The color of onion chips was measured by WSC-color difference meter. Taking the color of the white board as the measurement standard, the brightness index L * , chromaticity index a * , and b * of the finished onion chips are measured according to the Hunter color system. Among them, L * represents black and white, that is, the brightness of the product; a * mainly represents red-green color, and a * mainly represents yellow-blue color. Wherein, when L * =0, it represents black, and if L * =100, it represents white. Although L * cannot directly judge the quality of the product color, it can indirectly reflect the quality of the product color, and the larger the color (L * ) value, the better the color of the onion chips.
在评价洋葱脆片的感官时,色泽是一个非常重要的影响点。在洋葱的成分分析中,会发现洋葱中含有大量的具有较强抗氧化能力的酚类物质以及多酚氧化酶,这就意味着在洋葱切片时,在空气中特别容易发生褐变(酶促褐变),从而直接性的影响着脆片的色泽。因此,在研究护色的时间长短对于脆片色泽的影响时,分别设定护色的时间为30、60、90、120、150min,然后将其统一的浸泡在浓度为20%的糖液中,浸泡大概30min的时间,放在烘箱中调节温度为60℃,设定时间4h。对所制作成功的脆片按下面的评分标准进行评价,护色时间的长短对洋葱脆片颜色亮暗的影响如图1。 Color is a very important point of influence when evaluating the sensory of onion chips. In the composition analysis of onions, it will be found that onions contain a large amount of phenolic substances with strong antioxidant capacity and polyphenol oxidase, which means that when onions are sliced, browning (enzymatically catalyzed) is particularly prone to occur in the air. Browning), which directly affects the color of the chips. Therefore, when studying the effect of color protection time on the color of crisp chips, set the color protection time to 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes respectively, and then uniformly soak them in a sugar solution with a concentration of 20%. , Soak for about 30 minutes, put it in an oven, adjust the temperature to 60°C, and set the time for 4 hours. The successfully made chips are evaluated according to the following scoring criteria, and the effect of the color protection time on the color of the onion chips is shown in Figure 1.
由图1可知,随着护色时间的变化,其L*值呈现上下波动,但整体上是呈现下降的趋势。而当时间在0.5h左右时,其L*值是最高的,然后一直下降,在护色1.5h时,其明亮度又开始上升。超过2h后,明亮度又开始下降。表1为护色时间对脆片的感官评分,如下: It can be seen from Figure 1 that with the change of color protection time, the L * value fluctuates up and down, but generally shows a downward trend. And when the time is around 0.5h, its L * value is the highest, and then keeps dropping, and when the color is preserved for 1.5h, its brightness starts to rise again. After more than 2 hours, the brightness began to decline again. Table 1 is the sensory evaluation of crisp chips for color protection time, as follows:
表1护色时间对脆片的感官评分 Table 1 color protection time on the sensory evaluation of crisp chips
由表1可知:没有经过柠檬酸钠处理的产品会很快反应,洋葱在与空气接触下会迅速发生褐变,并且,即使进行护色处理后,当用柠檬酸钠预处理浸泡的时间超过2h之后,会发现洋葱脆片的表面出现大量的褐色小斑点,切片变软,失去原有的脆性,虽说外形看上去较为平整,但脆度不符合要求。当护色时间为0.5-1.5h,脆片外形规整,颜色青黄白色,有淡淡的洋葱气息。 Can know by table 1: the product that does not process through sodium citrate can react very quickly, and onion can take place browning rapidly under contacting with air, and, even carry out after the color protection treatment, when the soaking time exceeds with sodium citrate pretreatment After 2 hours, it will be found that a large number of small brown spots appear on the surface of the onion chips, and the slices become soft and lose their original brittleness. Although the shape looks relatively flat, the brittleness does not meet the requirements. When the color protection time is 0.5-1.5h, the chips are regular in shape, blue-yellow-white in color, and have a faint onion smell.
确定浸糖量: Determine the amount of sugar dip:
在制作洋葱脆片开始时,洋葱经过护色处理、热烫处理后,使得洋葱本身含有的一些风味物质丧失,从而使洋葱的口感变淡,所以,必须将洋葱放在一定浓度的糖液内进行浸泡。其中,产品的口感和味道在一定程度上会受到洋葱脆片中的糖酸比的影响,同时也影响着洋葱脆片的得率。糖度高,所以会导致固形物的含量有所提高,得率增加;反之,产品得率下降。按顺序配出浓度为10%、15%、20%、25%、30%的糖液,经过半小时护色后的切片再浸泡相同时间,在60℃烘干4h,上下火调节温度约为100℃,烘100分钟,浸糖量的多少对脆片品质的影响如表2,如下: At the beginning of making onion chips, after the onion has undergone color protection treatment and blanching treatment, some flavor substances contained in the onion itself will be lost, thereby making the taste of the onion light. Therefore, the onion must be placed in a certain concentration of sugar solution Soak. Wherein, mouthfeel and taste of product can be affected to a certain extent by the sugar-acid ratio in the onion crisps, and also influence the yield of onion crisps simultaneously. The sugar content is high, so the content of solids will increase and the yield will increase; on the contrary, the yield of the product will decrease. Prepare sugar solutions with concentrations of 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% in order. After half an hour of color protection, the slices are soaked for the same time, and dried at 60°C for 4 hours. 100°C, baked for 100 minutes, the effect of the amount of sugar dipping on the quality of crisps is shown in Table 2, as follows:
表2浸糖量对洋葱脆片的感官评分
从表2得出结论,当浸糖量低于15%时,产品微香,稍有甜度。浸糖量为25%左右的时候,脆片香甜,酥脆。从评分也可以得出结论,当浸糖量为20%-30%之间的情况下,脆片品质最好。 It can be concluded from Table 2 that when the sugar dipping amount is lower than 15%, the product has a slight fragrance and a little sweetness. When the amount of dipping sugar is about 25%, the chips are sweet and crisp. It can also be concluded from the scores that the quality of crisp chips is the best when the amount of sugar dipping is between 20% and 30%.
确定预干燥时间: Determine the pre-drying time:
电烤炉烘烤之前洋葱片的含水量受到预干燥时间的影响,我们决定通过采用护色时间0.5h,浸糖量20%浸泡30min的洋葱片,干燥速度为2m/min,烘干时间分别设定为2.5、3.0、3.5、4.0、4.5h来确定最佳时间。对脆片品质评分如表3。预干燥时间对脆片含水率影响如图2。 The moisture content of the onion slices before baking in the electric oven is affected by the pre-drying time. We decided to use the onion slices soaked in 20% sugar for 30 minutes with a color protection time of 0.5h. The drying speed was 2m/min, and the drying time was respectively Set to 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5h to determine the best time. The quality scores of the chips are shown in Table 3. The effect of pre-drying time on the moisture content of crisp chips is shown in Figure 2.
从图2我们可以看出,随着预干燥时间的增长,洋葱脆片中的水分含量逐渐下降。刚开始时,水分含量下降速率较快,在干燥2h之后,脆片中的水分已经减少了一半。 From Figure 2, we can see that with the increase of pre-drying time, the moisture content in the onion chips gradually decreased. At the beginning, the moisture content decreased rapidly, and after 2 hours of drying, the moisture in the chips had been reduced by half.
表3预干燥时间对脆片的感官评分
由表3可看出,洋葱片在预干燥时水分迅速减少,然后洋葱片会变得更加脆性一点,过高会导致干燥不彻底,而过低会导致产品糊化等现象。干燥时间2.5h以下,洋葱片的含水量相对较高,干燥过后果片不够酥脆,粘牙,4.0h以上,加工后的洋葱片容易破碎,并且已经被烤糊,有不好的味道。因此,由表3我们能够清楚的看出当干燥时间达到3-4小时时,成品洋葱脆片的品质相对而言是最好的。 It can be seen from Table 3 that the moisture content of onion slices decreases rapidly during pre-drying, and then the onion slices will become more brittle. Too high will lead to incomplete drying, while too low will lead to gelatinization of the product. If the drying time is less than 2.5 hours, the water content of the onion slices is relatively high. After drying, the slices are not crisp enough and stick to the teeth. If the drying time is more than 4.0 hours, the processed onion slices are easy to break, and have been burnt, which has a bad taste. Therefore, we can clearly see from Table 3 that when the drying time reaches 3-4 hours, the quality of the finished onion chips is relatively the best.
确定烘烤时间: To determine the baking time:
经过电烤炉进行烘烤而成的脆片一方面保持着洋葱绿色天然的特性,另一方面是洋葱内的营养成分损失较少。将所有的样品护色0.5h后,在浓度为20%的糖液中浸泡30分钟,再放在烘箱内烘烤2小时,干燥时间按照梯度设定为30、60、90、120min加工脆片。成品脆片感官评价结果如表4。 On the one hand, the crispy slices baked in an electric oven maintain the green and natural characteristics of the onion, and on the other hand, the nutrients in the onion lose less. After protecting the color of all samples for 0.5h, soak them in 20% sugar solution for 30 minutes, and then bake them in an oven for 2 hours. The drying time is set at 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes according to the gradient to process crisp chips. . The sensory evaluation results of the finished chips are shown in Table 4.
表4烘烤时间对洋葱脆片的感官综合评分
如表4可看出,为不同的烘烤时间中洋葱脆片感官评价的结果,可以看在,当烘烤时间小于30min时,洋葱脆片内所含的水分较高,而且口嚼后感觉不脆,脆度不够且易粘牙,当放在空气中是,容易发生受潮使脆片变软。当烘烤时间在90-120min时,果片香脆。从表4可以看出,90min时脆片品质较好。 As can be seen in Table 4, it is the result of the sensory evaluation of onion chips in different baking times. It can be seen that when the baking time is less than 30min, the moisture contained in the onion chips is relatively high, and the feeling after chewing is Not brittle, not brittle enough and easy to stick to teeth. When placed in the air, it is easy to be damp and make the crispy chips soft. When the baking time is 90-120min, the fruit slices are crispy. It can be seen from Table 4 that the quality of crisp chips is better at 90 minutes.
实施例1 Example 1
一种即食多味洋葱脆片的加工工艺,包括如下步骤: A processing technology for instant multi-flavored onion chips, comprising the steps of:
(1)选料,挑选成熟的鲜洋葱头作原料; (1) material selection, select ripe fresh onion as raw material;
(2)预处理,具体包括如下步骤: (2) preprocessing, specifically comprising the following steps:
A,去皮清洗:将挑选出的鲜洋且外观比较完整的葱头剥除老皮、切蒂后放入清洗机内进行清洗,清洗后不断用流动水冲洗,洗去洋葱表面的灰尘以及喷洒的农药等; A. Peeling and cleaning: Peel off the old skin and cut the stalks of the selected fresh onions and put them in the washing machine for cleaning. After cleaning, rinse with running water continuously to remove the dust on the surface of the onions and spray pesticides, etc.;
B,拣选:清洗干净后,进行人工挑选,将不合格的如破损等的洋葱挑选除去; B. Selection: After cleaning, manual selection is carried out to remove unqualified onions such as damaged onions;
C,切片:调节切片机的刀片距离,然后将洋葱放入切片机内进行切片,所述步骤C中调节切片机的刀片距离为1.4-1.6mm,如果洋葱片的厚度不一样时,脆片内的水分含量只是发生略微的改变,硬度会发生显著的增加;而截面不小于5mm脆片硬度就已经大于900N,当我们用口嚼洋葱脆片时会发现脆片的质地超乎一般情况的硬;同时,如果洋葱的厚度比较大,那么在护色的时候会发现护色的效果比较差,引起这个现象的原因主要是在护色处理时护色液不能充分的向洋葱脆片的中心位置移动;所以,在洋葱的预处理过程中,将洋葱直接放在切片机内进行切片,切片前应注意调节切片机的刀片距离应尽可能使每个洋葱的厚度保持为1.5毫米左右; C, slicing: adjust the blade distance of the slicer, and then put the onion into the slicer for slicing. In the step C, adjust the blade distance of the slicer to 1.4-1.6mm. If the thickness of the onion slices is not the same, the crisp slices The moisture content in the onion chip only changes slightly, and the hardness will increase significantly; while the cross-section is not less than 5mm, the hardness of the chips is already greater than 900N. When we chew onion chips, we will find that the texture of the chips is beyond the normal situation. At the same time, if the thickness of the onion is relatively large, the color protection effect will be found to be relatively poor during the color protection process. The main reason for this phenomenon is that the color protection solution cannot fully penetrate into the center of the onion chips The position is moved; therefore, in the pretreatment process of the onion, put the onion directly in the slicer for slicing. Before slicing, you should pay attention to adjusting the blade distance of the slicer to keep the thickness of each onion at about 1.5mm;
D,护色:将切片后的洋葱放入护色液中进行护色,护色时间为1.0h,所述护色液包括0.5重量份的柠檬酸钠、0.2重量份的异抗坏血酸钠、0.4重量份的CaCl2、0.5重量份的NaCl和100重量份的蒸馏水; D, color protection: put the sliced onions into the color protection solution for color protection, the color protection time is 1.0h, and the color protection solution includes 0.5 parts by weight of sodium citrate, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium erythorbate, 0.4 parts by weight Parts by weight of CaCl 2 , 0.5 parts by weight of NaCl and 100 parts by weight of distilled water;
E,漂烫:将适量水放在电磁炉上烧沸,之后将经过护色的洋葱放在沸水里,不停地将洋葱上下翻动,保证洋葱能够均匀受热,降低酶的活性并保证色泽不会变化;烫漂温度控制在95℃-100℃,烫漂时间控制在30-40s,漂烫后捞出迅速水洗,降温; E, blanching: Put an appropriate amount of water on the induction cooker to boil, then put the color-protected onion in the boiling water, and keep turning the onion up and down to ensure that the onion can be heated evenly, reduce the activity of the enzyme and ensure that the color will not Change; the blanching temperature is controlled at 95°C-100°C, and the blanching time is controlled at 30-40s. After blanching, take it out and wash it quickly, and cool down;
F,浸糖:将温度冷却到室温的洋葱倒入浸糖量为25%的糖液中,调节洋葱脆片的味道,浸泡时间为25-35分钟;必须注意的是,在一批洋葱进行浸泡之后,糖液的浓度会发生不同程度的下降,这样在浸泡下一批洋葱时就会导致偏差,因此在浸泡下一批样品时,应该加入稍微过量的糖浆,保证每一次的浓度是一样的; F, dipping in sugar: Pour the onions cooled to room temperature into the sugar solution with a sugar dipping amount of 25% to adjust the taste of the onion chips. The soaking time is 25-35 minutes; After soaking, the concentration of the sugar solution will decrease to varying degrees, which will lead to deviations when soaking the next batch of onions. Therefore, when soaking the next batch of samples, a slightly excessive amount of syrup should be added to ensure that the concentration is the same every time. of;
G,预干燥:将经过浸糖处理的洋葱整齐的放在铁盘上,然后放入烘箱内进行预干燥处理,预干燥处理包括预干燥阶段一和预干燥阶段二,预干燥阶段一干燥温度为55℃,干燥时间为1h;预干燥阶段二干燥温度为50℃,干燥时间为2.5h;干燥速度为2m/min,干燥至含水率为25%-35%; G. Pre-drying: Place the sugar-soaked onions neatly on the iron plate, and then put them into the oven for pre-drying treatment. The pre-drying process includes pre-drying stage 1 and pre-drying stage 2. The drying temperature of pre-drying stage 1 55℃, drying time is 1h; pre-drying stage 2 drying temperature is 50℃, drying time is 2.5h; drying speed is 2m/min, dry to moisture content 25%-35%;
(3)烘烤,将预干燥好的洋葱片放入预加热后的电烤炉中,烘烤温度设为100度,烘烤时间为90分钟;即为成品。 (3) Baking, put the pre-dried onion slices into a preheated electric oven, set the baking temperature to 100 degrees, and bake for 90 minutes; it is the finished product.
本发明所述的方法制作出的洋葱片,保持了洋葱的营养成分和功能,具有淡淡的洋葱甜味,颜色青黄白色,香脆可口,营养丰富,食后完全消除了洋葱的不良气味。解决了因洋葱的保藏较久后就会发芽,保藏环境不好就会导致腐败,再加上食用洋葱之后口腔中容易残留口气的问题。另外,可以充分利用和开发洋葱的功效,洋葱中存在有油前列腺A。前列腺A在人体中,可以使血管舒展,使血液的粘度下降以及防止在人体中形成血栓;并且具有杀菌、抑菌的作用,洋葱中的蒜素和某些巯基化合物结合可以抑制蛋白质的结合,起到降血脂降血糖的作用。因此即丰富食品市场的品种,为消费者提供健康方便的功能性食品;同时还能给更多的洋葱种植户带来可观的收入,促进这方面的产业发展,有利于调整产业结构。用本发明方法制作的洋葱片的蔗糖含量为12.1765g/100g;洋葱脆片中Vc的含量为2.04mg/100g;含水量为5.08%;脆片的比容为7.3637mL/g;硬度为5.486N。 The onion slices prepared by the method of the invention maintain the nutritional components and functions of the onion, have a slight sweetness of the onion, have a greenish-yellow-white color, are crispy and delicious, and are rich in nutrition, and completely eliminate the bad smell of the onion after eating. It solves the problem that the onion will germinate after being stored for a long time, and if the storage environment is not good, it will cause corruption, and the problem that the bad breath is easy to remain in the mouth after eating the onion is solved. In addition, the efficacy of onion, which contains oil prostate A, can be fully utilized and developed. Prostate A in the human body can stretch blood vessels, reduce blood viscosity and prevent thrombus formation in the human body; it also has bactericidal and antibacterial effects. The combination of allicin in onions and certain sulfhydryl compounds can inhibit the binding of proteins. Play the role of lowering blood fat and blood sugar. Therefore, it is necessary to enrich the varieties of the food market and provide consumers with healthy and convenient functional foods; at the same time, it can also bring considerable income to more onion growers, promote the development of this industry, and help adjust the industrial structure. The sucrose content of the onion slices made by the method of the present invention is 12.1765g/100g; the Vc content in the onion crisp slices is 2.04mg/100g; the water content is 5.08%; the specific volume of the crisp slices is 7.3637mL/g; the hardness is 5.486 N.
实施例2 Example 2
一种即食多味洋葱脆片的加工工艺,包括如下步骤: A processing technology for instant multi-flavored onion chips, comprising the steps of:
(1)选料,挑选成熟的鲜洋葱头作原料; (1) material selection, select ripe fresh onion as raw material;
(2)预处理,具体包括如下步骤: (2) preprocessing, specifically comprising the following steps:
A,去皮清洗:将挑选出的鲜洋且外观比较完整的葱头剥除老皮、切蒂后放入清洗机内进行清洗,清洗后不断用流动水冲洗,洗去洋葱表面的灰尘以及喷洒的农药等; A. Peeling and cleaning: Peel off the old skin and cut the stalks of the selected fresh onions and put them in the washing machine for cleaning. After cleaning, rinse with running water continuously to remove the dust on the surface of the onions and spray pesticides, etc.;
B,拣选:清洗干净后,进行人工挑选,将不合格的如破损等的洋葱挑选除去; B. Selection: After cleaning, manual selection is carried out to remove unqualified onions such as damaged onions;
C,切片:调节切片机的刀片距离,然后将洋葱放入切片机内进行切片,所述步骤C中调节切片机的刀片距离为1.4-1.6mm; C, slicing: adjust the blade distance of the slicer, then put the onion into the slicer for slicing, and adjust the blade distance of the slicer in the step C to be 1.4-1.6mm;
D,护色:将切片后的洋葱放入护色液中进行护色,护色时间为0.5h,所述护色液包括0.5重量份的柠檬酸钠、0.2重量份的异抗坏血酸钠、0.4重量份的CaCl2、0.5重量份的NaCl和100重量份的蒸馏水; D, color protection: put the sliced onions into the color protection solution for color protection, the color protection time is 0.5h, and the color protection solution includes 0.5 parts by weight of sodium citrate, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium erythorbate, 0.4 parts by weight Parts by weight of CaCl 2 , 0.5 parts by weight of NaCl and 100 parts by weight of distilled water;
E,漂烫:将适量水放在电磁炉上烧沸,之后将经过护色的洋葱放在沸水里,不停地将洋葱上下翻动,保证洋葱能够均匀受热,降低酶的活性并保证色泽不会变化;烫漂温度控制在95℃-100℃,烫漂时间控制在30-40s,漂烫后捞出迅速水洗,降温; E, blanching: Put an appropriate amount of water on the induction cooker to boil, then put the color-protected onion in the boiling water, and keep turning the onion up and down to ensure that the onion can be heated evenly, reduce the activity of the enzyme and ensure that the color will not Change; the blanching temperature is controlled at 95°C-100°C, and the blanching time is controlled at 30-40s. After blanching, take it out and wash it quickly, and cool down;
F,浸糖:将温度冷却到室温的洋葱倒入浸糖量为20%的糖液中,调节洋葱脆片的味道,浸泡时间为25-35分钟;必须注意的是,在一批洋葱进行浸泡之后,糖液的浓度会发生不同程度的下降,这样在浸泡下一批洋葱时就会导致偏差,因此在浸泡下一批样品时,应该加入稍微过量的糖浆,保证每一次的浓度是一样的; F, dipping in sugar: Pour the onions cooled to room temperature into the sugar solution with a sugar dipping amount of 20%, adjust the taste of the onion chips, and the soaking time is 25-35 minutes; After soaking, the concentration of the sugar solution will decrease to varying degrees, which will lead to deviations when soaking the next batch of onions. Therefore, when soaking the next batch of samples, a slightly excessive amount of syrup should be added to ensure that the concentration is the same every time. of;
G,预干燥:将经过浸糖处理的洋葱整齐的放在铁盘上,然后放入烘箱内进行预干燥处理,预干燥处理包括预干燥阶段一和预干燥阶段二,预干燥阶段一干燥温度为55℃,干燥时间为1h;预干燥阶段二干燥温度为50℃,干燥时间为2h;干燥速度为2m/min,干燥至含水率为25%-35%; G. Pre-drying: Place the sugar-soaked onions neatly on the iron plate, and then put them into the oven for pre-drying treatment. The pre-drying process includes pre-drying stage 1 and pre-drying stage 2. The drying temperature of pre-drying stage 1 55°C, drying time is 1h; pre-drying stage 2 drying temperature is 50°C, drying time is 2h; drying speed is 2m/min, dry to moisture content 25%-35%;
(3)烘烤,将预干燥好的洋葱片放入预加热后的电烤炉中,烘烤温度设为100度,烘烤时间为100分钟;即为成品。 (3) Baking, put the pre-dried onion slices into a preheated electric oven, set the baking temperature to 100 degrees, and bake for 100 minutes; it is the finished product.
实施例3 Example 3
一种即食多味洋葱脆片的加工工艺,包括如下步骤: A processing technology for instant multi-flavored onion chips, comprising the steps of:
(1)选料,挑选成熟的鲜洋葱头作原料; (1) material selection, select ripe fresh onion as raw material;
(2)预处理,具体包括如下步骤: (2) preprocessing, specifically comprising the following steps:
A,去皮清洗:将挑选出的鲜洋且外观比较完整的葱头剥除老皮、切蒂后放入清洗机内进行清洗,清洗后不断用流动水冲洗,洗去洋葱表面的灰尘以及喷洒的农药等; A. Peeling and cleaning: Peel off the old skin and cut the stalks of the selected fresh onions and put them in the washing machine for cleaning. After cleaning, rinse with running water continuously to remove the dust on the surface of the onions and spray pesticides, etc.;
B,拣选:清洗干净后,进行人工挑选,将不合格的如破损等的洋葱挑选除去; B. Selection: After cleaning, manual selection is carried out to remove unqualified onions such as damaged onions;
C,切片:调节切片机的刀片距离,然后将洋葱放入切片机内进行切片,所述步骤C中调节切片机的刀片距离为1.4-1.6mm; C, slicing: adjust the blade distance of the slicer, then put the onion into the slicer for slicing, and adjust the blade distance of the slicer in the step C to be 1.4-1.6mm;
D,护色:将切片后的洋葱放入护色液中进行护色,护色时间为1.5h,所述护色液包括0.5重量份的柠檬酸钠、0.2重量份的异抗坏血酸钠、0.4重量份的CaCl2、0.5重量份的NaCl和100重量份的蒸馏水; D, color protection: put the sliced onions into the color protection solution for color protection, the color protection time is 1.5h, and the color protection solution includes 0.5 parts by weight of sodium citrate, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium erythorbate, 0.4 parts by weight Parts by weight of CaCl 2 , 0.5 parts by weight of NaCl and 100 parts by weight of distilled water;
E,漂烫:将适量水放在电磁炉上烧沸,之后将经过护色的洋葱放在沸水里,不停地将洋葱上下翻动,保证洋葱能够均匀受热,降低酶的活性并保证色泽不会变化;烫漂温度控制在95℃-100℃,烫漂时间控制在30-40s,漂烫后捞出迅速水洗,降温; E, blanching: Put an appropriate amount of water on the induction cooker to boil, then put the color-protected onion in the boiling water, and keep turning the onion up and down to ensure that the onion can be heated evenly, reduce the activity of the enzyme and ensure that the color will not Change; the blanching temperature is controlled at 95°C-100°C, and the blanching time is controlled at 30-40s. After blanching, take it out and wash it quickly, and cool down;
F,浸糖:将温度冷却到室温的洋葱倒入浸糖量为30%的糖液中,调节洋葱脆片的味道,浸泡时间为25-35分钟;必须注意的是,在一批洋葱进行浸泡之后,糖液的浓度会发生不同程度的下降,这样在浸泡下一批洋葱时就会导致偏差,因此在浸泡下一批样品时,应该加入稍微过量的糖浆,保证每一次的浓度是一样的; F, dipping in sugar: Pour the onions cooled to room temperature into the sugar solution with a sugar dipping amount of 30%, adjust the taste of the onion chips, and the soaking time is 25-35 minutes; After soaking, the concentration of the sugar solution will decrease to varying degrees, which will lead to deviations when soaking the next batch of onions. Therefore, when soaking the next batch of samples, a slightly excessive amount of syrup should be added to ensure that the concentration is the same every time. of;
G,预干燥:将经过浸糖处理的洋葱整齐的放在铁盘上,然后放入烘箱内进行预干燥处理,预干燥处理包括预干燥阶段一和预干燥阶段二,预干燥阶段一干燥温度为55℃,干燥时间为1h;预干燥阶段二干燥温度为50℃,干燥时间为3h;干燥速度为2m/min,干燥至含水率为25%-35%; G. Pre-drying: Place the sugar-soaked onions neatly on the iron plate, and then put them into the oven for pre-drying treatment. The pre-drying process includes pre-drying stage 1 and pre-drying stage 2. The drying temperature of pre-drying stage 1 55°C, drying time is 1h; pre-drying stage 2 drying temperature is 50°C, drying time is 3h; drying speed is 2m/min, dry to moisture content 25%-35%;
(3)烘烤,将预干燥好的洋葱片放入预加热后的电烤炉中,烘烤温度设为100度,烘烤时间为120分钟;即为成品。 (3) Baking, put the pre-dried onion slices into a preheated electric oven, set the baking temperature to 100 degrees, and bake for 120 minutes; it is the finished product.
由技术常识可知,本发明可以通过其他的不脱离其精神实质或必要特征的实施方案来实现。因此,上述公开的实施方案,就各方面而言,都只是举例说明,并不是仅有的。所有在本发明范围内或在等同于本发明的范围内的改变均被本发明所包含。 It can be known from common technical knowledge that the present invention can be realized through other embodiments without departing from its spirit or essential features. Accordingly, the above-disclosed embodiments are, in all respects, illustrative and not exclusive. All changes within the scope of the present invention or within the scope equivalent to the present invention are embraced by the present invention.
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CN107788441A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-13 | 武威小林商贸有限责任公司 | A kind of processing method of instant onion section |
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