CN105495314B - A kind of porous coarse cereal powder of dietary fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a dietary fiber porous miscellaneous grain powder. The husks of mung bean, corn and sorghum are cleaned and dried; soaked in glycolic acid solution, cleaned in an ultrasonic cleaning machine; dried and crushed into powder; Skin dregs, kudzu root skin dregs, yam skin dregs, lotus root skin dregs are cleaned, crushed, blanched in boiling water, cooled and kept at 30-35°C, amylase is added, enzymatically hydrolyzed, and enzymes are inactivated; yeast and lactic acid bacteria are inoculated for aerobic, The humidity of the environment for anaerobic fermentation is 85%. It is washed and filtered, precipitated and dried, and then pulverized into powder. The porous grain powder of dietary fiber is obtained by taking miscellaneous grain shell powder, miscellaneous grain slag powder, konjac fine powder and adding compound flavoring agent. The present invention elutes miscellaneous grain husks through ethanol supernatant, and adds amylase, yeast and lactic acid bacteria to the skin dregs for mixed fermentation, which not only increases the nutritional value of miscellaneous grains, but also has a strong health care function, and at the same time rationally utilizes various parts of miscellaneous grains, Making the best use of everything reduces costs to a certain extent and improves economic benefits.

Description

A kind of dietary fiber porous grain powder

technical field

The invention relates to the field of food processing, in particular to a dietary fiber porous miscellaneous grain powder.

Background technique

With the improvement of people's living standards, a single food of a certain grain can no longer satisfy people's diverse needs for food. Coarse grains use the dietary fiber obtained after the remaining shells and dregs are processed, which better reflects the effect of miscellaneous grains on human body lipid-lowering and intestinal health.

Corn is rich in vitamins, dietary fiber, starch and a certain amount of minerals; mung beans are rich in protein, cellulose, fat and sugar; . Yam, sweet potato, kudzu root and pumpkin all contain trace elements necessary for the human body such as copper, cobalt, zinc, etc., and all have medicinal value. Among them, the dregs of corn husks, mung bean husks, sorghum husks, and yams are rich in dietary fiber, which can help eliminate excess cholesterol in the human body. It has the effects of preventing arteriosclerosis, losing weight, beautifying, lowering blood sugar, and lowering blood fat.

Konjac has many functions of disease prevention and health care, and regular consumption of konjac food is good for the body. The bonding mode of konjac glucosidan monosaccharide is similar to that of cellulose, and it cannot be degraded into monosaccharide absorption in the small intestine, so it is suitable for diabetics and other situations where they cannot consume too much sugar, and secondly, it can also effectively inhibit the small intestine. Absorption of fat-decomposing substances such as cholesterol and bile acid can promote the excretion of fat, reduce fat and cholesterol entering the blood, and reduce the total amount of triglyceride and cholesterol in serum, so it can prevent hypertension, hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular diseases effect.

Lotus root, also known as lotus root, belongs to the water lily family, the rhizome of lotus. Hypertrophy, knotted, with some small tubular holes in the middle, connected by silk after breaking. The lotus root is slightly sweet and crisp. It can be eaten raw or cooked, and its medicinal value is quite high. Its roots, leaves, flowers, whiskers and fruits are all treasures, and can be nourished and used as medicine. The lotus root is made into powder, which can relieve food and relieve diarrhea, appetize and clear away heat, nourish the body and prevent internal bleeding. Lotus root contains mucus protein and dietary fiber, which can combine with cholate in the human body, cholesterol and triglyceride in food, so that it can be excreted from the feces, thereby reducing the absorption of lipids.

CN101283767A discloses a sweet potato starch production and potato residue treatment process. The process flow is: conveying, cleaning, disintegration, pulp and residue separation. So far, it is divided into two roads: one is potato residue pressure filtration, potato residue crushing, drying, Potato residue packaging; the other way is starch puree filtration, separation, starch milk dehydration, sweet potato starch drying, gas powder separation, sieving, sweet potato starch packaging, sweet potato starch finished products. CN 1483348A discloses a cellulose fruit and vegetable dregs food rich in bifidus factor and its manufacturing method. Fresh fruit and vegetable residues with a water content of 15-40% are used as raw materials, and the fresh fruit and vegetable residues are subjected to cell wall breaking through steam explosion crushing, which is a powdery or blocky food. After the cell wall is broken, the cell contents are fully freed, and the hemicellulose in the cell wall is hydrolyzed into soluble dietary fiber, so that the effective components of fruit and vegetable residues can be fully utilized. CN 102630885A discloses a processing technology of fruit and vegetable dietary fiber. The separated starch and protein of raw sweet potatoes, raw potatos, raw apples, raw peaches, etc., or fruit and vegetable residues after juicing are immediately heated to above 65°C to destroy the enzymes therein and prevent Enzymatic reaction of fruit and vegetable dregs, obtained fruit and vegetable dietary fiber to make fruit and vegetable dietary fiber beverage.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to aim at the above-mentioned present situation, and aims to provide a kind of healthy and pure natural dietary fiber porous miscellaneous grain powder that can protect intestinal health, has the health care effect of lowering blood fat and blood pressure, and has good brewing performance.

The realization mode of the object of the present invention is, a kind of dietary fiber porous miscellaneous grain powder, concrete steps are:

1) Take 150-300g of mung bean shells, 50-100g of corn shells, and 50-100g of sorghum shells, clean them and dry them; soak them in 60%-65% glycolic acid aqueous solution, and control the pH3. 0—4.0, and put it into the ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning for 40-50min;

2) drying the cleaned miscellaneous grain shells, and pulverizing them into powder;

3) Take 50-100g of fresh pumpkin skin dregs, 50-100g of sweet potato skin dregs, 50-100g of kudzu root skin dregs, 50-100g of yam skin dregs, 50-100g of lotus root skin dregs, wash, smash, and blanch in boiling water for 8- 12min, cool down and keep the temperature at 30-35℃, add 0.3%-0.5% amylase of skin dregs, enzymatically hydrolyze for 60min-70min, and then inactivate the enzyme; ‰ Lactic acid bacteria for fermentation, fermentation temperature 23-25 ℃, aerobic fermentation 3-4 days, anaerobic fermentation 17-20 days, fermentation environment humidity 85%;

4) cleaning and filtering the fermented skin dregs, drying the precipitate, and then pulverizing into powder;

5) Take 50-100 g of the multigrain shell powder obtained in step 2), 50-100 g of the multigrain slag powder obtained in step 4), and 100-200 g of konjac powder, and mix evenly, and add a compound flavoring agent to obtain dietary fiber porous multigrain powder;

The compound flavoring agent is composed of 0.2-0.5g of citric acid, 1-2g of vitamin C, 1-2g of vitamin B, 0.5-1g of xylitol, and 0.25-0.5g of mineral inorganic salt;

The mineral inorganic salt is calcium chloride or sodium chloride.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following obvious beneficial effects:

1. Ultrasonic washing of miscellaneous grain shells and skin dregs by glycolic acid aqueous solution can remove most of the sugars and part of the white matter in the raw materials, so as to achieve the effect of reducing fat, and the rich dietary fiber can protect the health of the intestinal tract;

2. Ultrasonic washing of miscellaneous grain shells and leather dregs by glycolic acid aqueous solution to ferment and dissolve most of the soluble substances, soluble sugars, and some proteins in the raw materials, so that the remaining substances are rich in cellulose and hemicellulose, so that the raw materials are formed such as The porous honeycomb structure described in Fig. 1 greatly enhances the adsorption of human body fat, and achieves the health care effect of lowering blood fat and blood pressure;

3. Adding vitamin C, vitamin B and mineral salts not only improves the flavor of the product, but also enriches the nutrition of the product and enhances its health function. Adding konjac powder improves the brewing performance of the product and can better mix miscellaneous grains powder, and better soluble in water;

4. Rational use of miscellaneous grains and shell materials and slag materials of various plants, waste utilization, saves costs and improves economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a diagram of the porous honeycomb structure formed by ultrasonic elution of raw materials through glycolic acid aqueous solution.

Detailed ways

The present invention takes mung bean husks, corn husks and sorghum husks and cleans them in the air; soaks them in an aqueous solution of glycolic acid, puts them into an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning; dries them and pulverizes them into powder; Dregs and lotus root dregs are cleaned, crushed, blanched in boiling water, cooled and kept at 30-35°C, added with amylase, enzymatically hydrolyzed, and inactivated; inoculated with yeast and lactic acid bacteria for aerobic and anaerobic fermentation, and the fermentation environment humidity is 85%; Washing and filtering, sedimentation and drying, and then pulverizing into powder; taking miscellaneous grain shell powder, miscellaneous grain slag powder, konjac fine powder and compound flavoring agent to obtain dietary fiber porous miscellaneous grain powder.

Pumpkin skin dregs, sweet potato skin dregs, kudzu root skin dregs, yam skin dregs, and lotus root skin dregs are the skin dregs left over from starch in raw materials extracted during production and processing.

The amylase inserted into the skin dregs of sweet potatoes was produced by Shandong Longda Bioengineering Co., Ltd., with an enzyme activity of 230,000 U/g; 21794). The inoculated yeast was Saccharomyces cerevisiae (acquired from CICC China Industrial Microorganism Culture Collection Center, strain number 1016).

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, further describing the technical solutions of the present invention.

Example 1

1) Take 300g of mung bean husks, 100g of corn husks, and 100g of sorghum husks, clean them and dry them; soak them in 60% glycolic acid aqueous solution, and control the pH of the glycolic acid aqueous solution to 3.0, and put them into an ultrasonic cleaner Wash for 50 minutes;

2) drying the cleaned miscellaneous grain shells, and pulverizing them into powder;

3) Take 100g of fresh pumpkin skin dregs, 100g of sweet potato skin dregs, 100g of kudzu root dregs, 100g of yam skin dregs, 100g of lotus root skin dregs, wash, smash, and blanch in boiling water for 8 minutes, cool and keep the temperature at 30°C, add the peel 0.5% amylase in slag quality, enzymatic hydrolysis for 60 minutes, and then deenzyme; inoculate 0.07‰ yeast and 0.02‰ lactic acid bacteria for fermentation, fermentation temperature 25°C, aerobic fermentation for 3 days, anaerobic fermentation for 17 days, fermentation environment humidity 85%;

4) cleaning and filtering the fermented skin dregs, drying the precipitate, and then pulverizing into powder;

5) Take 100 g of the multigrain shell powder obtained in step 2), 100 g of the multigrain slag powder obtained in step 4), and 200 g of konjac fine powder and mix evenly, and add a compound flavoring agent to obtain a dietary fiber porous multigrain powder;

The compound flavoring agent is composed of 0.5 g of citric acid, 2 g of vitamin C, 2 g of vitamin B, 1 g of xylitol, and 0.5 g of calcium chloride.

Embodiment 2, with embodiment 1, difference is,

1) Take 150g of mung bean husks, 50g of corn husks, and 50g of sorghum husks, clean them and dry them; soak them in 65% glycolic acid aqueous solution, and control the pH of the glycolic acid aqueous solution to 4.0, and put them into an ultrasonic cleaner Wash for 40 minutes;

3) Take 50g of fresh pumpkin skin dregs, 50g of sweet potato skin dregs, 50g of kudzu root dregs, 50g of yam skin dregs, and 50g of lotus root skin dregs, wash them, break them up, blanch them in boiling water for 12 minutes, cool and keep the temperature at 35°C, add the peels 0.3% amylase in slag quality, enzymatic hydrolysis for 70 minutes, and then inactivate the enzyme; inoculate 0.05‰ yeast and 0.01‰ lactic acid bacteria in the dregs quality for fermentation, fermentation temperature 23°C, aerobic fermentation for 4 days, anaerobic fermentation for 20 days, fermentation environment humidity 85%;

5) Take 50 g of the multigrain shell powder obtained in step 2), 50 g of the multigrain slag powder obtained in step 4), and 100 g of konjac fine powder and mix evenly, and add a compound flavoring agent to obtain dietary fiber porous multigrain powder;

The compound flavoring agent is made up of citric acid 0.2g, vitamin C 1g, vitamin B 1g, xylitol 0.5g, sodium chloride 0.25g;

Comparative example 1: with embodiment 1, difference is,

1) Take 300g of mung bean husks, 100g of corn husks, and 100g of sorghum husks, clean them and dry them; do not use glycolic acid for ultrasonic elution;

3) Take 100g of fresh pumpkin skin dregs, 100g of sweet potato skin dregs, 100g of kudzu root dregs, 100g of yam skin dregs, 100g of lotus root skin dregs, wash, smash, and blanch in boiling water for 8 minutes, cool and keep the temperature at 30°C, add the peel 0.5% amylase in slag quality, enzymatic hydrolysis for 60 minutes, and then deenzyme; inoculate 0.07‰ yeast and 0.02‰ lactic acid bacteria for fermentation, fermentation temperature 25°C, aerobic fermentation for 3 days, anaerobic fermentation for 17 days, fermentation environment humidity 85%;

5) Take 100 g of the multigrain shell powder obtained in step 2), 100 g of the multigrain slag powder obtained in step 4), and 200 g of konjac fine powder and mix evenly, and add a compound flavoring agent to obtain dietary fiber porous multigrain powder.

Comparative example 2: with embodiment 1, difference is,

1) Take 300g of mung bean husks, 100g of corn husks, and 100g of sorghum husks, clean them and dry them; soak them in 60% glycolic acid aqueous solution, and control the pH of the glycolic acid aqueous solution to 2.5, and put them into an ultrasonic cleaner Wash for 50 minutes;

3) Take 100g of fresh pumpkin peel residue, 100g of sweet potato peel residue, 100g of kudzu root residue, 100g of yam peel residue, and 100g of lotus root residue, wash, smash, and blanch in boiling water for 8 minutes; do not ferment;

5) Take 100 g of the multigrain shell powder obtained in step 2), 100 g of the multigrain slag powder obtained in step 4), and 200 g of konjac fine powder and mix evenly, and add a compound flavoring agent to obtain the porous multigrain powder of dietary fiber

The nutritional components of the dietary fiber porous miscellaneous grain powder prepared by various embodiments of the present invention and comparative examples are compared, and its quality analysis is shown in the following table:

As can be seen from the above table, the present invention has higher cellulose content and higher oil absorption rate than non-fermented products without ultrasonic elution of glycolic acid aqueous solution; the product has good color, taste and aroma; it shows that grain husks and skin dregs are fermented by ultrasonic washing of glycolic acid aqueous solution It can remove most of the sugar and part of the white matter in the raw material, making the remaining material rich in cellulose and hemicellulose, making the raw material form a honeycomb structure and enhancing the oil adsorption; at the same time, it makes the color, taste and aroma better.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of porous coarse cereal powder of dietary fiber, it is characterised in that specific steps are as follows:

1) mung bean shell 150-300g, shuck 50-100g, sorghum husk 50-100g are taken, is cleaned up and is dried；It is immersed in In the glycolic acid aqueous solution of 60%-65%, and the pH3.0-4.0 of glycolic acid aqueous solution is controlled, and be put into supersonic wave cleaning machine Clean 40-50min；

2) clean coarse cereals shell is dried, is crushed into powder；

3) fresh pumpkin peel slag 50-100g, sweet potato skin slag 50-100g, pueraria lobata skin slag 50-100g, yam skin slag 50- are taken 100g, 50-100g lotus rhizome skin slag cleaned, smashed, boiling water blanching 8-12min, cooling and maintain the temperature at 30-35 DEG C, is added Enter 0.3% -0.5% amylase of skin slag amount, digests 60min-70min, then enzyme deactivation；It is inoculated with skin slag amount 0.05 ‰- 0.07 ‰ saccharomycete and 0.01 ‰-0.02 ‰ lactic acid bacterias are fermented, and 23-25 DEG C of fermentation temperature, aerobic fermentation 3-4 days, anaerobism Fermentation 17-20 days, yeasting humidity 85%；

4) fermentation skin slag cleaning is filtered, precipitates drying, is then comminuted into powder；

5) coarse cereals ground-slag 50-100g, the konjaku powder 100- that the coarse cereals shell powder 50-100g that takes step 2) to obtain, step 4) obtain 200g is uniformly mixed, and adds composite flavor, obtains the porous coarse cereal powder of dietary fiber；

The composite flavor is by citric acid 0.2-0.5g, vitamin C 1-2g, vitamin B1-2g, xylitol 0.5-1g, mineral Matter inorganic salts 0.25-0.5g composition；

The minerals inorganic salts are calcium chloride or sodium chloride.

2. the porous coarse cereal powder of a kind of dietary fiber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: lactic acid bacteria is CICC China work Industry Culture Collection, the plant lactobacillus lactis that bacterium numbering is 21794.

3. the porous coarse cereal powder of a kind of dietary fiber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: saccharomycete is CICC China work Industry Culture Collection, the saccharomyces cerevisiae that bacterium numbering is 1016.

4. the porous coarse cereal powder of a kind of dietary fiber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the shallow lake accessed in step 3) Powder enzyme enzyme activity is 230,000 U/g.

5. the porous coarse cereal powder of a kind of dietary fiber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: pumpkin peel slag, sweet potato skin slag, Pueraria lobata skin slag, yam skin slag and lotus rhizome skin slag are the left skin slags of starch that production and processing is extracted in raw material.