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CN105489460B - A kind of coaxial Relativistic backward-wave oscillator of K-band - Google Patents

A kind of coaxial Relativistic backward-wave oscillator of K-band Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105489460B
CN105489460B CN201510943407.2A CN201510943407A CN105489460B CN 105489460 B CN105489460 B CN 105489460B CN 201510943407 A CN201510943407 A CN 201510943407A CN 105489460 B CN105489460 B CN 105489460B
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cathode
coaxial
cylindrical waveguide
waveguide cavity
anode
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CN105489460A (en
Inventor
张运俭
孟凡宝
滕雁
丁恩燕
曹亦兵
李正红
马乔生
吴洋
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Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology
Institute of Applied Electronics of CAEP
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Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology
Institute of Applied Electronics of CAEP
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/34Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
    • H01J25/42Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/46Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field the backward travelling wave being utilised
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/02Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
    • H01J23/09Electric systems for directing or deflecting the discharge along a desired path, e.g. E-type

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  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种K波段同轴相对论返波振荡器,包括:阳极,其为包含有慢波结构的圆柱波导腔;阴极,其设置在所述圆柱波导腔内并通过绝缘子连接在所述阳极的一个端面上;电子束引导栅网,其设置在所述圆柱波导腔内并位于所述阴极的电子发射端的下游;同轴内导体,其为圆柱体结构;所述同轴内导体的一端设置在所述圆柱波导腔内,另一端通过金属支架连接在所述阳极的另一个端面上;且所述同轴内导体与所述阴极、所述圆柱波导腔形成同轴结构。本发明采用电子束透过率大于90%的电子束引导栅网引导电子束进入束波互作用区,降低了所需的外部磁场强度,使得器件需要的引导磁场降低至0.5T,减小了器件外部庞大的引导磁场系统的尺寸以及对能源提供的需求。

The invention discloses a K-band coaxial relativistic return wave oscillator, comprising: an anode, which is a cylindrical waveguide cavity containing a slow wave structure; a cathode, which is arranged in the cylindrical waveguide cavity and connected to the cylindrical waveguide cavity through an insulator An end face of the anode; an electron beam guiding grid, which is arranged in the cylindrical waveguide cavity and located downstream of the electron emission end of the cathode; a coaxial inner conductor, which is a cylindrical structure; the coaxial inner conductor One end is arranged in the cylindrical waveguide cavity, and the other end is connected to the other end surface of the anode through a metal bracket; and the coaxial inner conductor forms a coaxial structure with the cathode and the cylindrical waveguide cavity. The present invention uses an electron beam guiding grid with an electron beam transmittance greater than 90% to guide the electron beam into the beam-wave interaction area, which reduces the required external magnetic field strength, reduces the guiding magnetic field required by the device to 0.5T, and reduces the The size of the large guided magnetic field system outside the device and the need for energy supply.

Description

A kind of coaxial Relativistic backward-wave oscillator of K-band
Technical field
The present invention relates to high-power pulsed ion beams technical field, and in particular to a kind of coaxial the theory of relativity backward wave oscillation of K-band Device.
Background technology
With High-Power Microwave research and development, higher and higher want is proposed to the system total efficiency of high-power microwave source Ask.In existing high-power microwave source, the beam ripple conversion efficiency of high resistant resistant to device is higher, but generally requires stronger guiding magnetic , particularly when microwave source operates in repetition rate state, it is necessary to bulky, highly energy-consuming a solenoid magnet system System uses troublesome superconducting magnet system;And low-impedance device needs the higher pulse power supply of power output, device Shu Bo Conversion efficiency is restricted.Therefore, relatively low guiding magnetic field, high efficiency, high-power microwave source how are designed, is always people One of target of pursuit.
The High-Power Microwave that relativistic backward wave oscillator oscillator is produced is from planetary electron beam and the structure in slow-wave structure The coherent radiation of wave interaction formation.Slow-wave structure is the core texture of relativistic backward wave oscillator oscillator, and it is generally one section Corrugated Waveguide, its structural parameters generally comprise mean radius, ripple's depth, axial-periodic and total length.General foundation is linear Theoretical analysis result determines the parameter of slow-wave structure, then by the means such as numerical simulation and experiment to each ginseng of slow-wave structure Number carries out careful adjustment.
The content of the invention
As the result of various extensive and careful research and experiment, it has been found by the inventor that using electronics The metal grid mesh guiding electron beam that beam transmitance is more than 90% enters beam ripple interaction region, and the external magnetic field needed for reducing is strong Degree so that device need guiding magnetic field be reduced to 0.5T, reduce device exterior it is huge guiding field system size with And to the demand of energy offer.Found based on this, complete the present invention.
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above and/or defect, and provide at least will be described later excellent Point.
In order to realize that there is provided a kind of coaxial the theory of relativity backward wave of K-band according to object of the present invention and further advantage Oscillator, including:
Anode, it is the cylindrical wave guide cavity for including resonant reflector, drift chamber and slow-wave structure area;
Negative electrode, it is arranged in the cylindrical wave guide cavity and is connected to by insulator on an end face of the anode;
Electron beam guides aperture plate, and it is arranged in the cylindrical wave guide cavity and under the electron transmitting terminal of the negative electrode Trip;
Coaxial inner conductor, it is cylindrical structure;One end of the coaxial inner conductor is arranged in the cylindrical wave guide cavity, The other end is connected on another end face of the anode by metallic support;And the coaxial inner conductor and the negative electrode, institute State cylindrical wave guide cavity formation coaxial configuration;
Wherein, the interior diameter of the cylindrical wave guide cavity is to be set on 24mm, the inwall of the cylindrical wave guide cavity apart from negative electrode 37mm first annular groove, the depth of first annular groove is 6mm, and length is 12mm, the first annular groove and its phase Corresponding cylindrical wave guide cavity constitutes resonant reflector, i.e., a diameter of 36mm of described resonant reflector, length are 12mm;The circle Interior post waveguide cavity is drift chamber between negative electrode 49-70mm, and a diameter of 24mm of the drift chamber, length are 21mm;It is described Interior cylindrical wave guide cavity is slow-wave structure area between negative electrode 70-126mm, and the structure in the slow-wave structure area is in the cylinder Opened up on the inwall of waveguide cavity at intervals of the annular grooves of 2mm second, second annular groove there are 14;Second annular is recessed The depth of groove is 2mm, is highly 2mm, i.e., the interior diameter in described slow-wave structure area is 24mm, and overall diameter is 28mm;It is described coaxial A diameter of 12mm of inner wire, and its one end in the cylindrical wave guide cavity is 60mm apart from emission of cathode end face;
Wherein, the coaxial Relativistic backward-wave oscillator of the K-band is in guiding magnetic field 0.5T, the negative electrode, positive voltage across poles Under 800kV, Electron Beam intensity of flow 5kA, frequency can be produced for 21GHz, power is 300MW High-Power Microwave.
Preferably, the electron beam guiding aperture plate is metal grid mesh, and its a diameter of 24mm, thickness is 1mm, and electronics is passed through Rate is more than 90%.
Preferably, the negative electrode is graphite cathode, and it is prepared from by graphite.
Preferably, the anode is magnetism-free stainless steel anode, and it is prepared from by magnetism-free stainless steel.
Preferably, the coaxial inner conductor is magnetism-free stainless steel coaxial inner conductor, and it is prepared from by magnetism-free stainless steel.
Preferably, it is respectively 18mm, 20mm annular hollow electron beam that the emission of cathode, which produces inner and outer diameter,.
The present invention at least includes following beneficial effect:Coaxial Relativistic backward-wave oscillator of the invention uses electron beam transmitance Metal grid mesh guiding electron beam more than 90% enters beam ripple interaction region, and beam ripple interaction region is by resonant reflector, drift chamber And uniform slow-wave structure area constitutes carcinotron oscillator.Due to the guiding of metal grid mesh so that the guiding magnetic field drop that device needs As little as 0.5T.Resonator before slow-wave structure there is higher reflectance factor to the electromagnetic wave of mode of operation and to other patterns Reflection of electromagnetic wave coefficient is relatively low, improves the Q values of mode of operation, while the microwave field energy set up in resonator is flowed into electron beam Row premodulated, reduces the starting oscillation current of mode of operation, can thus realize the model selection of device, realizes that parasitic mode suppresses;Separately One side makes device be easy to starting of oscillation, reduces the influence in guiding magnetic field to further increase the Q values of device.It is similarly raising micro- Ripple delivery efficiency, coaxial inner conductor is increased in device inside, and enhanced beam ripple interaction improves microwave output power.
Further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention embodies part by following explanation, and part will also be by this The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of the coaxial Relativistic backward-wave oscillator of K-band of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the scale diagrams of the internal structure of the coaxial Relativistic backward-wave oscillator of K-band of the present invention.
Embodiment:
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to make those skilled in the art with reference to specification text Word can be implemented according to this.
It should be appreciated that such as " having ", "comprising" and " comprising " term used herein do not allot one or many The presence or addition of individual other elements or its combination.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are to show the coaxial Relativistic backward-wave oscillator of K-band of the present invention, including:
Anode 2, it is the cylindrical wave guide cavity 8 for including resonant reflector 4, drift chamber 5 and slow-wave structure area 6;Cylindrical wave Guide cavity 8 is cylindrical cavity;Negative electrode 1, it is arranged in the cylindrical wave guide cavity 8 and is connected to the anode 2 by insulator On one end face;
Electron beam guides aperture plate 3, and it is arranged in the cylindrical wave guide cavity 8 and positioned at the electron transmitting terminal of the negative electrode 1 Downstream;
Coaxial inner conductor 7, it is cylindrical structure;One end of the coaxial inner conductor 7 is arranged on the cylindrical wave guide cavity 8 Interior, the other end is connected to by metallic support on another end face of the anode 2;And the coaxial inner conductor 7 and described the moon Pole 1, the cylindrical wave guide cavity 8 formation coaxial configuration;
Wherein, the interior diameter of the cylindrical wave guide cavity 8 is to be set on 24mm, the inwall of the cylindrical wave guide cavity apart from negative electrode 37mm first annular groove, the depth of first annular groove is 6mm, and length is 12mm, the first annular groove and its phase Corresponding cylindrical wave guide cavity constitutes resonant reflector 4, i.e., a diameter of 36mm of described resonant reflector, length are 12mm;It is described Interior cylindrical wave guide cavity 8 is drift chamber 5 between negative electrode 49-70mm, and a diameter of 24mm of the drift chamber 5, length are 21mm; Be slow-wave structure area 6 between negative electrode 70-126mm in the cylindrical wave guide cavity 8, the structure in the slow-wave structure area 6 be Opened up on the inwall of the cylindrical wave guide cavity 8 at intervals of the annular grooves of 2mm second, second annular groove there are 14;It is described The depth of second annular groove is 2mm, is highly 2mm, i.e., the interior diameter in described slow-wave structure area 8 is 24mm, and overall diameter is 28mm;A diameter of 12mm of the coaxial inner conductor 7, and its one end in the cylindrical wave guide cavity 8 is apart from emission of cathode End face is 60mm;
Millipascal magnitude is arrived into vacuum processing in the coaxial Relativistic backward-wave oscillator of K-band with vacuum acquirement device, in the moon Apply high voltage 800kV between anode, it is respectively 18mm that the transmitting of negative electrode 1, which produces inner and outer diameter, and 20mm, beam intensity is 5kA's Annular hollow electron beam.It is mutual that strong current electron beam is transferred into beam ripple in the case where electron beam guides aperture plate 3 and the guiding of 0.5T axial magnetic fields Active region, beam ripple interaction region is made up of resonant reflector 4, drift chamber 5 and uniform slow-wave structure area 6, and strong current electron beam is through humorous Shake cavity reflection and premodulated, by drift chamber, beam ripple interaction, electron beam are completed in the slow-wave structure area of loading coaxial inner conductor Energy is handed into microwave field, generation frequency is 21GHz, and power is 300MW High-Power Microwave.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the electron beam guides aperture plate for metal grid mesh, its a diameter of 24mm, and thickness is 1mm, Electron penetration rate is more than 90%.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the negative electrode is graphite cathode, and it is prepared from by graphite.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the anode is magnetism-free stainless steel anode, and it is prepared from by magnetism-free stainless steel.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the coaxial inner conductor is magnetism-free stainless steel coaxial inner conductor, and it is by magnetism-free stainless steel It is prepared from.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, it is respectively 18mm, 20mm annular hollow electricity that the emission of cathode, which produces inner and outer diameter, Beamlet.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted in specification and embodiment listed With it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely, can be easily for those skilled in the art Other modification is realized, therefore under the universal limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention is not limited In specific details and shown here as the legend with description.

Claims (4)

1.一种K波段同轴相对论返波振荡器,其特征在于,包括:1. A kind of K-band coaxial relativistic return wave oscillator, is characterized in that, comprises: 阳极,其为包含有谐振反射腔、漂移腔及慢波结构区的圆柱波导腔;An anode, which is a cylindrical waveguide cavity including a resonant reflection cavity, a drift cavity and a slow wave structure region; 阴极,其设置在所述圆柱波导腔内并通过绝缘子连接在所述阳极的一个端面上;所述阴极发射产生内外直径分别为18mm,20mm的环形空心电子束;A cathode, which is arranged in the cylindrical waveguide cavity and connected to one end face of the anode through an insulator; the cathode emits and generates annular hollow electron beams with inner and outer diameters of 18mm and 20mm, respectively; 电子束引导栅网,其设置在所述圆柱波导腔内并位于所述阴极的电子发射端的下游;所述电子束引导栅网为金属栅网,其直径为24mm,厚度为1mm,电子透过率大于90%;An electron beam guiding grid, which is arranged in the cylindrical waveguide cavity and is located downstream of the electron emission end of the cathode; the electron beam guiding grid is a metal grid with a diameter of 24 mm and a thickness of 1 mm, through which electrons The rate is greater than 90%; 同轴内导体,其为圆柱体结构;所述同轴内导体的一端设置在所述圆柱波导腔内,另一端通过金属支架连接在所述阳极的另一个端面上;且所述同轴内导体与所述阴极、所述圆柱波导腔形成同轴结构;A coaxial inner conductor, which is a cylindrical structure; one end of the coaxial inner conductor is arranged in the cylindrical waveguide cavity, and the other end is connected to the other end surface of the anode through a metal bracket; and the coaxial inner conductor The conductor forms a coaxial structure with the cathode and the cylindrical waveguide cavity; 其中,所述圆柱波导腔的内直径为24mm,所述圆柱波导腔的内壁上设置距离阴极37mm的第一环形凹槽,第一环形凹槽的深度为6mm,长度为12mm,所述第一环形凹槽与其相对应的圆柱波导腔构成谐振反射腔,即所述谐振反射腔的直径为36mm、长度为12mm;所述圆柱波导腔内距离阴极49-70mm之间为漂移腔,所述漂移腔的直径为24mm、长度为21mm;所述圆柱波导腔内距离阴极70-126mm之间为慢波结构区,所述慢波结构区的结构为在所述圆柱波导腔的内壁上开设间隔为2mm第二环形凹槽,所述第二环形凹槽有14个;所述第二环形凹槽的深度为2mm,高度为2mm,即所述慢波结构区的内直径为24mm,外直径为28mm;所述同轴内导体的直径为12mm,且其位于所述圆柱波导腔内的一端距离阴极发射端面为60mm;Wherein, the inner diameter of the cylindrical waveguide cavity is 24 mm, and a first annular groove 37 mm away from the cathode is provided on the inner wall of the cylindrical waveguide cavity, the depth of the first annular groove is 6 mm, and the length is 12 mm. The annular groove and its corresponding cylindrical waveguide cavity form a resonant reflection cavity, that is, the diameter of the resonant reflection cavity is 36 mm and the length is 12 mm; the distance between the cylindrical waveguide cavity and the cathode is 49-70 mm. The diameter of the cavity is 24mm and the length is 21mm; the distance between the cathode 70-126mm in the cylindrical waveguide cavity is a slow wave structure zone, and the structure of the slow wave structure zone is to set an interval of 2mm second annular groove, described second annular groove has 14; The depth of described second annular groove is 2mm, and height is 2mm, namely the inner diameter of described slow wave structure area is 24mm, and outer diameter is 28mm; the diameter of the coaxial inner conductor is 12mm, and its end located in the cylindrical waveguide cavity is 60mm from the cathode emission end face; 其中,所述K波段同轴相对论返波振荡器在引导磁场0.5T,所述阴极、阳极间电压800kV,电子束束流强度5kA下,可产生频率为21GHz,功率为300MW的高功率微波。Among them, the K-band coaxial relativistic return wave oscillator can generate high-power microwaves with a frequency of 21GHz and a power of 300MW under the conditions of a guiding magnetic field of 0.5T, a voltage between the cathode and anode of 800kV, and an electron beam intensity of 5kA. 2.如权利要求1所述的K波段同轴相对论返波振荡器,其特征在于,所述阴极为石墨阴极,其由石墨制备而成。2. The K-band coaxial relativistic back wave oscillator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cathode is a graphite cathode, which is prepared from graphite. 3.如权利要求1所述的K波段同轴相对论返波振荡器,其特征在于,所述阳极为无磁不锈钢阳极,其由无磁不锈钢制备而成。3. K-band coaxial relativistic return wave oscillator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described anode is non-magnetic stainless steel anode, and it is made by non-magnetic stainless steel. 4.如权利要求1所述的K波段同轴相对论返波振荡器,其特征在于,所述同轴内导体为无磁不锈钢同轴内导体,其由无磁不锈钢制备而成。4. The K-band coaxial relativistic return wave oscillator according to claim 1, wherein the coaxial inner conductor is a non-magnetic stainless steel coaxial inner conductor, which is made of non-magnetic stainless steel.
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