CN105472858A - Generation and synthesizing device of multi-channel frequency signals - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种多路频率信号产生及合成装置,其包括:一信号参数获取模块,其根据外围输入的指令获取对应的各信号参数;一信号产生模块,与所述信号参数获取模块串联,根据所述信号参数产生一0度相位锯齿波调频信号、一180度相位锯齿波调频信号和一单频信号;一信号合成模块,与所述信号产生模块串联,将来自信号产生模块的信号进行功率合成而得到一合成信号;以及一合成信号输出模块,与所述信号合成模块串联,将所述合成信号输出。本发明仅需一个硬件输出通道即可实现,因而能够降低硬件成本,提高各信号间的同步及响应速度性能。
The invention relates to a multi-channel frequency signal generation and synthesis device, which includes: a signal parameter acquisition module, which acquires corresponding signal parameters according to instructions input from the periphery; a signal generation module, connected in series with the signal parameter acquisition module, Generate a 0-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal, a 180-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal and a single-frequency signal according to the signal parameters; a signal synthesis module is connected in series with the signal generation module, and the signal from the signal generation module is processed. Combining power to obtain a composite signal; and a composite signal output module connected in series with the signal composite module to output the composite signal. The invention can be realized only by one hardware output channel, thereby reducing hardware cost and improving the performance of synchronization and response speed among signals.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及重离子医用加速器慢引出频率信号的产生装置,尤其涉及一种多路频率信号产生及合成装置。The invention relates to a device for generating a slow extraction frequency signal of a heavy ion medical accelerator, in particular to a device for generating and synthesizing a multi-channel frequency signal.
背景技术Background technique
在重离子医用加速器中,常用的是,通过施加频率与横向三阶共振频率匹配的RF电场对束流产生微扰作用,从而使束流发射度逐渐增大进而引出的方法,即RFKO(RF-KnockOut,高频剔除)方法。RFKO方法具有很多优点,例如,在慢引出过程中可以保持加速器的LATTICE等参数不变,易于实现快速控制RF开关以便点扫描以及束流的时间结构的调节等等。由于在质子加速器中待引出的质子束流粒子具有一定的动量和轨道分布,即betatron(电子感应加速器)振荡频率具有一定的分布,因而相应地,横向RFKO的频率信号也需要具有一定的分布。在慢引出相图有两个区,分别为三角区内的稳定区、以及三角区外的非稳定区。当横向RF场的频率与稳定区的tune(工作点)匹配时,在稳定区的粒子由于振幅增加将向非稳定区运动。稳定区边缘的粒子很快进入非稳定区,运行若干圈后最终引出,同时稳定区内部的粒子则向稳定区边缘扩散。因此RF频率范围应该覆盖稳定区及其边界,为了简化横向RF频率信号的设计,横向RF频率信号采用中心频率为fc、带宽为Δf的频率信号。其中,中心频率fc及带宽Δf由如下的经验公式进行计算确定:In heavy ion medical accelerators, it is commonly used to perturb the beam by applying an RF electric field whose frequency matches the transverse third-order resonance frequency, so that the emittance of the beam gradually increases and then is drawn out, that is, the method of RFKO (RF -KnockOut, high frequency removal) method. The RFKO method has many advantages, for example, the LATTICE parameters of the accelerator can be kept unchanged during the slow extraction process, and it is easy to quickly control the RF switch for point scanning and the adjustment of the time structure of the beam, etc. Since the proton beam particles to be extracted in the proton accelerator have a certain momentum and orbital distribution, that is, the betatron (electron betatron) oscillation frequency has a certain distribution, and accordingly, the frequency signal of the transverse RFKO also needs to have a certain distribution. There are two regions in the slow extraction phase diagram, namely the stable region inside the triangular region and the unstable region outside the triangular region. When the frequency of the transverse RF field matches the tune (operating point) of the stable region, the particles in the stable region will move toward the unstable region due to the increase in amplitude. Particles at the edge of the stable zone quickly enter the unstable zone, and are finally drawn out after running for several laps, while particles inside the stable zone diffuse toward the edge of the stable zone. Therefore, the RF frequency range should cover the stable area and its boundary. In order to simplify the design of the transverse RF frequency signal, the transverse RF frequency signal adopts a frequency signal with a center frequency f c and a bandwidth of Δf. Among them, the center frequency f c and the bandwidth Δf are calculated and determined by the following empirical formula:
fc=(N±q)frev(1),f c = (N ± q) f rev (1),
在式(1)中,N为任意整数,q为横向工作点小数部分;在式(2)中,ΔqA是横向三阶共振点和工作点的差值,ΔqB是动量扩展与水平色品的乘积。对于中心频率为fc、带宽为Δf的RF频率信号,可以通过锯齿波调制获得。但是对于一个锯齿波调频信号而言,将会出现信号频率与稳定区tune不匹配的情况,因此在这段不匹配的时间内将无法引出束流粒子或者引出效果不好。为了弥补这种情况,可以同时施加另一个锯齿波调频信号,并使两者相位相差180度。此外,为了让粒子稳定引出,还需一个与稳定区边缘的tune保持匹配的信号,该信号采用单频信号实现。综上,RFKO的频率信号采用0度相位锯齿波调频信号、180度相位锯齿波调频信号以及单频信号的合成信号效果最佳。In formula (1), N is any integer, and q is the fractional part of the horizontal operating point; in formula (2), Δq A is the difference between the horizontal third-order resonance point and the operating point, and Δq B is the difference between the momentum expansion and the horizontal color product product. For the RF frequency signal with the center frequency f c and the bandwidth Δf, it can be obtained by sawtooth wave modulation. However, for a sawtooth FM signal, there will be a situation where the signal frequency does not match the tune in the stable zone, so beam particles cannot be extracted or the extraction effect is not good during this mismatching time. To compensate for this situation, another sawtooth FM signal can be applied at the same time, and the phase difference between the two can be 180 degrees. In addition, in order to allow the particles to be extracted stably, a signal that matches the tune at the edge of the stable area is required, and the signal is realized by a single-frequency signal. To sum up, the frequency signal of RFKO adopts 0-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal, 180-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal and the composite signal of single-frequency signal have the best effect.
因此,需要提供一种能够产生并合成0度相位锯齿波调频信号、180度相位锯齿波调频信号以及单频信号的装置。现有的装置需要三个硬件输出通道以分别产生所需的这三个信号,然后通过功率合成器对三个信号进行合成,从面导致硬件成本高且各信号间的同步及响应速度不够理想。Therefore, it is necessary to provide a device capable of generating and synthesizing a 0-degree phase sawtooth FM signal, a 180-degree phase sawtooth FM signal and a single-frequency signal. Existing devices require three hardware output channels to generate the three required signals respectively, and then synthesize the three signals through a power combiner, resulting in high hardware costs and unsatisfactory synchronization and response speed between the signals .
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决上述现有技术存在的问题,本发明旨在提供一种多路频率信号产生及合成装置,以提供0度相位锯齿波调频信号、180度相位锯齿波调频信号以及单频信号的合成信号,并且能够降低硬件成本,提高信号间的同步及响应速度性能。In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a multi-channel frequency signal generating and synthesizing device to provide a composite signal of a 0-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal, a 180-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal and a single-frequency signal , and can reduce hardware cost, improve synchronization between signals and response speed performance.
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种多路频率信号产生及合成装置,包括:A multi-channel frequency signal generating and synthesizing device, comprising:
一信号参数获取模块,其根据外围输入的指令获取对应的各信号参数;A signal parameter acquisition module, which acquires corresponding signal parameters according to instructions input from the periphery;
一信号产生模块,与所述信号参数获取模块串联,根据所述信号参数产生一0度相位锯齿波调频信号、一180度相位锯齿波调频信号和一单频信号;A signal generation module, connected in series with the signal parameter acquisition module, generates a 0-degree phase sawtooth FM signal, a 180-degree phase sawtooth FM signal and a single-frequency signal according to the signal parameters;
一信号合成模块,与所述信号产生模块串联,将来自信号产生模块的信号进行功率合成而得到一合成信号;以及A signal synthesis module, connected in series with the signal generation module, performs power synthesis on the signals from the signal generation module to obtain a composite signal; and
一合成信号输出模块,与所述信号合成模块串联,将所述合成信号输出。A synthesized signal output module is connected in series with the signal synthesized module to output the synthesized signal.
进一步地,所述信号产生模块包括相互并联的一0度相位锯齿波调频信号产生模块、一180度相位锯齿波调频信号产生模块、以及一单频信号产生模块,其中,Further, the signal generation module includes a 0-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal generation module, a 180-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal generation module, and a single-frequency signal generation module connected in parallel, wherein,
所述0度相位锯齿波调频信号产生模块设置为根据所述信号参数产生所述0度相位锯齿波调频信号;The 0-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal generating module is configured to generate the 0-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal according to the signal parameters;
所述180度相位锯齿波调频信号产生模块设置为根据对应的所述信号参数产生所述180度相位锯齿波调频信号;以及The 180-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal generation module is configured to generate the 180-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal according to the corresponding signal parameters; and
所述单频信号产生模块设置为根据所述信号参数产生所述单频信号。The single-frequency signal generating module is configured to generate the single-frequency signal according to the signal parameters.
优选地,所述0度相位锯齿波调频信号产生模块包括:Preferably, the 0-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal generation module includes:
一连接至所述信号参数获取模块的初始0度相位锯齿波产生单元,其根据所述信号参数产生一初始0度相位锯齿波;以及An initial 0-degree phase sawtooth wave generation unit connected to the signal parameter acquisition module, which generates an initial 0-degree phase sawtooth wave according to the signal parameters; and
一与所述初始0度相位锯齿波产生单元相串联的0度相位锯齿波调频单元,根据所述信号参数对所述初始0度相位锯齿波进行调频处理而得到所述0度相位锯齿波调频信号。A 0-degree phase sawtooth wave frequency modulation unit connected in series with the initial 0-degree phase sawtooth wave generation unit, which performs frequency modulation processing on the initial 0-degree phase sawtooth wave according to the signal parameters to obtain the 0-degree phase sawtooth wave frequency modulation Signal.
优选地,所述180度相位锯齿波调频信号产生模块包括:Preferably, the 180-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal generation module includes:
一连接至所述信号参数获取模块的初始180度相位锯齿波产生单元,其根据所述信号参数产生一初始180度相位锯齿波;以及An initial 180-degree phase sawtooth wave generation unit connected to the signal parameter acquisition module, which generates an initial 180-degree phase sawtooth wave according to the signal parameters; and
一与所述初始180度相位锯齿波产生单元相串联的180度相位锯齿波调频单元,根据所述信号参数对所述初始180度相位锯齿波进行调频处理,而得到所述180度相位锯齿波调频信号。A 180-degree phase sawtooth frequency modulation unit connected in series with the initial 180-degree phase sawtooth wave generation unit, which performs frequency modulation processing on the initial 180-degree phase sawtooth wave according to the signal parameters, and obtains the 180-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal.
进一步地,所述多路频率信号产生及合成装置基于任意信号发生器、或者基于现场可编程门阵列和直接数字频率合成器、或者基于现场可编程门阵列和数字模拟转换器实现。Further, the multi-channel frequency signal generating and synthesizing device is realized based on an arbitrary signal generator, or based on a field programmable gate array and a direct digital frequency synthesizer, or based on a field programmable gate array and a digital-to-analog converter.
通过采用上述技术方案,本发明采用信号产生模块通过软件方式产生并合成0度相位锯齿波调频信号、180度相位锯齿波调频信号以及单频信号,最后仅需通过一个硬件输出通道即可输出经过合成的信号。与现有技术需要三个硬件输出通道以分别产生所需的三个信号,再通过功率合成器对三个信号进行合成的装置相比,本发明能够降低硬件成本,大大提高信号间的同步及响应速度性能。By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention uses the signal generating module to generate and synthesize 0-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal, 180-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal and single-frequency signal through software, and finally only need to pass through one hardware output channel to output through composite signal. Compared with the device in the prior art that requires three hardware output channels to generate the required three signals respectively, and then synthesizes the three signals through a power combiner, the present invention can reduce the hardware cost and greatly improve the synchronization and Responsive speed performance.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的多路频率信号产生及合成装置的软件原理框图;Fig. 1 is the software principle block diagram of multi-channel frequency signal generation and synthesis device of the present invention;
图2为本发明的多路频率信号产生及合成装置的硬件连接示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the hardware connection of the device for generating and synthesizing multiple frequency signals of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图,给出本发明的较佳实施例,并予以详细描述。Below in conjunction with the drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention are given and described in detail.
本发明,即一种多路频率信号产生及合成装置,用于提供0度相位锯齿波调频信号、180度相位锯齿波调频信号以及单频信号的合成信号。所谓锯齿波调频,即是对锯齿波信号进行频率调制,使得调制后的信号频率与锯齿波信号的幅度呈比例关系,由于锯齿波的幅度呈线性变化,因此相当于线性扫频,而锯齿波调频与直接线性扫频相比的好处在于信号的起始相位更容易调节,该起始相位对应于信号的起始频率。The present invention is a multi-channel frequency signal generating and synthesizing device, which is used to provide a composite signal of a 0-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal, a 180-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal, and a single-frequency signal. The so-called sawtooth wave frequency modulation is to perform frequency modulation on the sawtooth wave signal, so that the frequency of the modulated signal is proportional to the amplitude of the sawtooth wave signal. Since the amplitude of the sawtooth wave changes linearly, it is equivalent to a linear frequency sweep, and the sawtooth wave The advantage of frequency modulation over direct linear frequency sweeping is that the starting phase of the signal, which corresponds to the starting frequency of the signal, is easier to adjust.
其中,中心频率为fc、带宽为Δfc、调制周期为TFM的锯齿波调频信号VFM可用如下公式表示:Among them, the sawtooth FM signal V FM with center frequency f c , bandwidth Δf c , and modulation period T FM can be expressed by the following formula:
因此,上述0度相位锯齿波调频信号、180度相位锯齿波调频信号以及单频信号三个信号的合成信号V(t)则可以表达如下:Therefore, the synthetic signal V(t) of the above three signals of 0-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal, 180-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal and single-frequency signal can be expressed as follows:
在上式中:In the above formula:
在上式(4)、(5)和(6)中,VRF为合成信号的幅度(VRF为预设的固定值),fc为中心频率,Δfc为带宽,TFM为锯齿波信号周期,fk为单频信号频率,s2(τ)为0度相位锯齿波表达式,s1(τ)为180度相位锯齿波表达式。In the above formulas (4), (5) and (6), VRF is the amplitude of the synthesized signal ( VRF is a preset fixed value), fc is the center frequency, Δfc is the bandwidth, and TFM is the sawtooth wave Signal period, f k is the frequency of single-frequency signal, s 2 (τ) is the expression of 0-degree phase sawtooth wave, and s 1 (τ) is the expression of 180-degree phase sawtooth wave.
由式(4)可知,合成信号V(t)为上述三个信号之和,因此要实现这三个信号的合成,首先需要分别产生0度相位锯齿波调频信号、180度相位锯齿波调频信号以及一个单频信号,然后进行功率合成。基于此,如图1所示,本发明的多路频率信号产生及合成装置包括依次串联的一信号参数获取模块1、一信号产生模块10、一信号合成模块5、以及一合成信号输出模块6。其中,该信号产生模块10包括分别并联在信号参数获取模块1与信号合成模块5之间的一0度相位锯齿波调频信号产生模块2、一180度相位锯齿波调频信号产生模块3和一单频信号产生模块4。It can be seen from formula (4) that the synthesized signal V(t) is the sum of the above three signals, so to realize the synthesis of these three signals, it is first necessary to generate a 0-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal and a 180-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal respectively and a single-frequency signal, which is then power-combined. Based on this, as shown in Figure 1, the multi-channel frequency signal generation and synthesis device of the present invention includes a signal parameter acquisition module 1, a signal generation module 10, a signal synthesis module 5, and a synthesis signal output module 6 connected in series in sequence . Wherein, the signal generation module 10 includes a 0-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal generation module 2, a 180-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal generation module 3 and a single Frequency signal generation module 4.
下面分别对各个模块进行详细说明:Each module is described in detail below:
信号参数获取模块1用于根据外围输入的实际需求指令获取对应的各信号参数,包括:上述中心频率fc、带宽Δfc、调制周期TFM以及单频信号频率fk等。当需求发生变化时,获取的各信号参数将实时更新。The signal parameter acquisition module 1 is used to acquire corresponding signal parameters according to the actual demand input from the peripheral, including: the above-mentioned center frequency f c , bandwidth Δf c , modulation period T FM and single-frequency signal frequency f k , etc. When the demand changes, the acquired signal parameters will be updated in real time.
0度相位锯齿波调频信号产生模块2包括依次连接在信号参数获取模块1与信号合成模块5之间的一初始0度相位锯齿波产生单元21和一0度相位锯齿波调频单元22,其首先通过初始0度相位锯齿波产生单元21产生一待调制的初始0度相位锯齿波,再通过0度相位锯齿波调频单元22对该初始0度相位锯齿波进行调频处理,其中,调频过程为现有技术,具体步骤如下:首先将初始0度相位锯齿波的带宽调整为带宽Δfc,然后将经过带宽调整的初始0度相位锯齿波上变频至中心频率fc,从而得到最终所需的0度相位锯齿波调频信号。The 0-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal generation module 2 includes an initial 0-degree phase sawtooth wave generation unit 21 and a 0-degree phase sawtooth wave frequency modulation unit 22 connected in sequence between the signal parameter acquisition module 1 and the signal synthesis module 5, which first Generate an initial 0-degree phase sawtooth wave to be modulated by the initial 0-degree phase sawtooth wave generation unit 21, and then perform frequency modulation processing on the initial 0-degree phase sawtooth wave through the 0-degree phase sawtooth wave frequency modulation unit 22, wherein the frequency modulation process is now There are technologies, and the specific steps are as follows: firstly adjust the bandwidth of the initial 0-degree phase sawtooth wave to the bandwidth Δf c , and then up-convert the bandwidth-adjusted initial 0-degree phase sawtooth wave to the center frequency f c , so as to obtain the final required 0 degree phase sawtooth FM signal.
180度相位锯齿波调频信号产生模块3包括依次连接在信号参数获取模块与信号合成模块之间的一初始180度相位锯齿波产生单元31和一0度相位锯齿波调频单元32,其首先通过初始180度相位锯齿波产生单元21产生一待调制的初始180度相位锯齿波,再通过180度相位锯齿波调频单元22对初始180度相位锯齿波进行调频处理,其中,调频过程如下:首先将初始180度相位锯齿波的带宽调整为Δfc,然后将经过带宽调整的初始180度相位锯齿波上变频至中心频率fc,从而得到最终所需的180度相位锯齿波调频信号。The 180-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal generation module 3 includes an initial 180-degree phase sawtooth wave generation unit 31 and a 0-degree phase sawtooth wave frequency modulation unit 32 connected successively between the signal parameter acquisition module and the signal synthesis module. The 180-degree phase sawtooth wave generation unit 21 produces an initial 180-degree phase sawtooth wave to be modulated, and then the initial 180-degree phase sawtooth wave is FM-processed by the 180-degree phase sawtooth frequency modulation unit 22, wherein the frequency modulation process is as follows: first the initial The bandwidth of the 180-degree phase sawtooth wave is adjusted to Δf c , and then the bandwidth-adjusted initial 180-degree phase sawtooth wave is up-converted to the center frequency f c , so as to obtain the final desired 180-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal.
单频信号产生模块4用于产生频率为fk的一单频信号(即正弦波信号),其中,该信号的数据长度与0度、180度相位锯齿波调频信号的数据长度相同。The single-frequency signal generation module 4 is used to generate a single-frequency signal (ie, a sine wave signal) with a frequency f k , wherein the data length of the signal is the same as that of the 0-degree and 180-degree phase sawtooth FM signals.
信号合成模块5用于将前述0度相位锯齿波调频信号、180度相位锯齿波调频信号和单频信号进行功率合成,从而得到一合成信号。The signal combining module 5 is used for power combining the aforementioned 0-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal, 180-degree phase sawtooth wave FM signal and single-frequency signal to obtain a synthesized signal.
合成信号输出模块6用于将上述合成信号输出。The synthesized signal output module 6 is used to output the above synthesized signal.
本发明的多路频率信号产生及合成装置的硬件可以基于任意信号发生器或者基于FPGA(现场可编程门阵列)+DDS(直接数字频率合成器)或者基于FPGA+DAC(数字模拟转换器)实现。下面以图2所示实施例中的PXI(PCIextensionsforInstrumentation,面向仪器系统的PCI扩展)任意信号发生器7为例进行说明。The hardware of multi-channel frequency signal generation and synthesizing device of the present invention can be based on any signal generator or based on FPGA (field programmable gate array)+DDS (direct digital frequency synthesizer) or based on FPGA+DAC (digital-to-analog converter) realization . The following takes the PXI (PCI extensions for Instrumentation, PCI extension for instrument system) arbitrary signal generator 7 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 as an example for illustration.
如图2所示,PXI任意信号发生器7包括通信连接的一控制器71以及一输出通道72,其中,信号参数获取模块1、信号产生模块10以及信号合成模块5集成在控制器71中,合成信号输出模块6即可通过PXI任意信号发生器的一个输出通道72实现。在该实施例中,控制器71还通过以太网接口与一外围的OPI(OperatorInterface,操作员控制接口)8连接,从而可以通过OPI8输入对应的需求指令以供控制器71中的信号参数获取模块1更新对应的信号参数。As shown in Figure 2, the PXI arbitrary signal generator 7 includes a controller 71 and an output channel 72 connected by communication, wherein, the signal parameter acquisition module 1, the signal generation module 10 and the signal synthesis module 5 are integrated in the controller 71, The synthetic signal output module 6 can be realized through an output channel 72 of the PXI arbitrary signal generator. In this embodiment, the controller 71 is also connected to a peripheral OPI (OperatorInterface, operator control interface) 8 through an Ethernet interface, so that the corresponding demand command can be input through the OPI8 for the signal parameter acquisition module in the controller 71 1 Update the corresponding signal parameters.
以上所述的,仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并非用以限定本发明的范围,本发明的上述实施例还可以做出各种变化。即凡是依据本发明申请的权利要求书及说明书内容所作的简单、等效变化与修饰,皆落入本发明专利的权利要求保护范围。本发明未详尽描述的均为常规技术内容。What is described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various changes can also be made to the above embodiments of the present invention. That is to say, all simple and equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims and description of the application for the present invention fall within the protection scope of the claims of the patent of the present invention. What is not described in detail in the present invention is conventional technical content.
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