CN105471057A - Multifunctional charger - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional charger. The multifunctional charger comprises a single-chip microcomputer, an AC/DC switching circuit, a voltage adjusting and current adjusting module, a current detection circuit, a USB output interface I, an externally-connected charging module and a switching circuit, wherein the AC/DC switching circuit is used for switching input commercial power into the direct current; the voltage adjusting and current adjusting module is used for receiving a command of the single-chip microcomputer to carry out voltage adjusting and current adjusting on the direct current output by the AC/DC switching circuit; the current detection circuit is used for dynamically detecting the voltage and current parameters of the direct current output by the voltage adjusting and current adjusting module in real time and providing the voltage and current parameters to the single-chip microcomputer; the USB output interface I is connected to electric equipment; the externally-connected charging module is connected to the electric equipment; and the switching circuit is used for outputting a working power supply output by the current detection circuit to the electric equipment through the USB output interface I or the externally-connected charging module. According to the multifunctional charger, voltages and currents optimally matched with different electric equipment can be output, and the multifunctional charger is also suitable for batteries with different interfaces and types.

Description

A multifunctional charger

technical field

The invention relates to a multifunctional charger.

Background technique

With the rapid development of information technology, the performance of various electrical equipment and various mobile phones is also getting higher and higher, and the requirements for batteries that provide power are also getting higher and higher. The output voltage and current of the USB (Universal Serial Bus) charger equipped by the original factory of traditional electrical equipment are fixed, and different electrical equipment should be equipped with different chargers, resulting in waste of resources; the unified standard USB socket and computer The output voltage and current of the USB interface on the host are also impossible to apply to all electrical equipment, or the charging voltage and current are too large or the charging voltage and current are too small.

These traditional USB charging devices have the following defects in use:

1. The USB interface on the host computer has an output voltage of 5V and a current of 500mA. Charging an electrical device that requires an input current greater than 500mA will prolong the charging time, but it is impossible to charge without turning off the computer. If the battery is not fully charged A power outage affects the battery life.

2. The output voltage and current of traditional USB charging adapters are generally 5V and 1000mA, which are within the national standard range, but they can only be optimally used for electrical equipment that requires an input current of 1000mA. For electrical equipment that requires an input current of less than 1000mA, it will Cause battery overcharge, heat generation and shorten battery life and other accidents.

3. For the currently widely used tablet computers, the input voltage is generally 5V to 12V, and the input current is generally 1A-2.5A, which makes the traditional output 5V-1A/2A USB charging adapter unusable, and can only be purchased additionally. charging adapter.

4. For portable devices such as ordinary rechargeable batteries and cameras, the charging voltage ranges from 1.25V to higher voltages, and the charging interface is different. Traditional USB charging devices cannot be charged, and must be equipped with special chargers, resulting in charging problems. Repeated purchase of equipment creates waste.

5. Nowadays, there are more and more portable electrical devices in the family, and the one-to-one charging mode has caused a lot of waste of resources and inconvenience in storage, especially during business trips or travel.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multifunctional charger, which can output the voltage and current that best matches different electric devices, and is also applicable to batteries of different interfaces and types.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A multifunctional charger is characterized in that: comprising:

MCU;

AC/DC conversion circuit that converts the input mains power into direct current;

A voltage and current regulation module that receives the instructions of the single-chip microcomputer to regulate the voltage and current of the direct current output by the AC/DC conversion circuit;

Real-time dynamic detection of the voltage and current parameters of the direct current output by the voltage regulation and current regulation module, and provide the voltage and current parameters to the current detection circuit of the single-chip microcomputer;

Connect to the USB output interface Ⅰ of the electrical equipment;

External charging module connected to electrical equipment;

The working power output by the current detection circuit is output to the conversion circuit of the electrical equipment through the USB output interface I or the external charging module.

The conversion circuit adopts a switch integrated circuit; the switch integrated circuit receives the working power output from the current detection circuit, provides the single-chip microcomputer with the electrical parameters generated when the electrical device is connected to the USB output interface I or an external charging module, and receives the switching command sent by the single-chip microcomputer And the working power output by the current detection circuit is output to the electrical equipment through the USB output interface I or the external charging module.

The conversion circuit includes a manually controlled mechanical switch I and a mechanical switch II; one end of the mechanical switch I and one end of the mechanical switch II are respectively connected to the output end of the current detection circuit, and the other end of the mechanical switch I is connected to the USB output interface I , the other end of the mechanical switch II is connected to an external charging module.

The AC/DC conversion circuit also outputs the converted direct current to the voltage stabilizing circuit, and the voltage stabilizing circuit outputs working power through the USB output interface II.

The USB output interface II adopts a type A USB standard female interface.

The voltage stabilizing circuit is one or more, and the USB output interface II is one or more; the input end of each voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the DC output end of the AC/DC conversion circuit, and the output end of each voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to to a USB output port II.

There are one or more external charging modules.

The external charging module is a charging module with an initial output voltage of 1.25V, an initial output current of 0.3A, an output voltage range of 1.25V-12V, and an output current range of 0.3A-2.5A.

The USB output interface Ⅰ is one or more than one; the USB output interface Ⅰ adopts a type A USB standard female interface; the USB output interface Ⅰ has an initial output voltage of 1.25V, an initial output current of 0.3A, and an output voltage range of 1.25V-12V , USB output interface with an output current range of 0.3A-2.5A.

The single-chip microcomputer is also connected with the display screen of the working state; the display screen of the working state is one or more, and adopts a liquid crystal display screen or a lamp bead array display screen.

Compared with the prior art, the invention improves the application scope of the charger equipment, and is suitable for the electricity demand of MP3, e-book, learning machine, mobile phone, tablet computer, handheld game machine and the like. The present invention jointly adjusts the voltage and current that the USB output interface I outputs to best match different electrical equipment through the joint linkage of the voltage regulation and current regulation module, the single-chip microcomputer and the current detection circuit, and can also provide different interfaces and types of batteries (such as Ordinary rechargeable battery, camera battery) for charging; in addition, through the voltage stabilizing circuit connected to the AC/DC conversion circuit, a constant working power is output for the USB output interface II. The parameters of the working power output by the interface II are the same, and can be directly connected to the USB output interface II; otherwise, they can be connected to the USB output interface I, which improves the power supply efficiency. The present invention does not need to purchase extra chargers, which reduces the purchase cost and waste; improves the range of use of the charger, realizes one device with multiple functions, and makes life more convenient; only needs to carry one charger for business trips or tourism to meet different needs. Electrical equipment needs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is one of the schematic circuit diagrams of the transfer switch of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the second schematic circuit diagram of the transfer switch of the present invention.

Among them, 1-AC/DC conversion circuit; 2-voltage regulation and current regulation module; 3-single chip microcomputer; 4-USB output interface Ⅰ; 5-working status display screen; 6-current detection circuit; 7-current detection input circuit; 8 -voltage control command output line; 9-current control command output line; 10-voltage stabilization circuit; 11-USB output interface II; 12-DC circuit; 13-external charging module; 14-conversion circuit; 15-conversion circuit control circuit ; 16-conversion identification circuit; 17-single-chip microcomputer power supply circuit.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1-2, a multifunctional charger in this embodiment includes an AC/DC conversion circuit 1, a voltage regulation and current regulation module 2, a single chip microcomputer 3, a USB output interface I4, a working status display screen 5, and a current detection Circuit 6, current detection input line 7, voltage control command output line 8, current control command output line 9, voltage stabilizing circuit 10, USB output interface II 11, DC circuit 12, external charging module 13, conversion circuit 14, conversion circuit control circuit 15, conversion identification line 16, single-chip microcomputer power supply line 17; wherein, the output terminal of AC/DC conversion circuit 1 is connected with voltage regulating and current regulating module 2, voltage stabilizing circuit 10 respectively; The detection circuit 6 is connected; the current detection circuit 6 is connected with the single-chip microcomputer 3 and the conversion circuit 14 respectively; the conversion circuit 14 is connected with the single-chip microcomputer 3, the USB output interface I4, and the external charging module 13 respectively; The current regulating module 2 is connected to the conversion circuit 14; the voltage stabilizing circuit 10 is connected to the USB output interface II11. The specific description of each functional module is as follows:

The AC/DC conversion circuit 1 converts the input mains power into direct current, and transmits it to the voltage regulation and current regulation module 2 and the voltage stabilization circuit 10 through the DC circuit 12 to provide DC working power for the voltage regulation and current regulation module 2 and the voltage regulation circuit 10 .

The voltage stabilizing circuit 10 outputs a constant working voltage of 5V, and outputs a working power supply of 5V through the USB output interface II11. The output voltage of the voltage stabilizing circuit 10 can be determined according to actual needs.

The USB output interface Ⅱ11 adopts a 5V USB output interface with a constant output voltage of 5V and an output current of 1A or 2A; the USB output interface Ⅱ11 adopts a type A USB standard female interface.

The voltage regulation and current regulation module 2 receives the instructions issued by the single chip microcomputer 3 through the voltage control command output line 8 and the current control command output line 9 to regulate the voltage and current of the direct current output by the AC/DC conversion circuit 1, and output voltages and currents of different sizes, Provide working power for the single-chip microcomputer 3, the external charging module 13 and the USB output interface I4. The voltage regulation and current regulation module 2 outputs two working power sources, one of which is the adjusted voltage and current, which passes through the current detection circuit 6 and the conversion circuit 14 in turn, and finally passes through the USB output interface I4 connected with the conversion circuit 14 or with the conversion circuit 14 The connected external charging module 13 provides working power for external electrical equipment; The voltage regulation and current regulation module 2 is a commercially available product, which is a DC/DC conversion circuit.

The USB output interface I4 and the external charging module 13 are respectively connected to the output end of the conversion circuit 14; each time the electrical equipment is connected, the initial output voltage of the USB output interface I4 and the external charging module 13 is 1.25V, and the initial output current It is 0.3A, the output voltage range is 1.25V-12V, and the output current range is 0.3A-2.5A. The USB output interface Ⅰ4 adopts the A-type USB standard female interface. The external charging module 13 is a relatively independent component, connected to the charger through the charger shell structure or a cable, and can be placed separately when not in use.

The conversion circuit 14 outputs the working power outputted by the current detection circuit 6 to the electric device through the USB output interface I4 or the external charging module 13, so as to realize switching output of electric energy. The switching of the switching circuit 14 can be realized by using soft switching and hard switching. Soft switching can be realized by means of single-chip microcomputer control relays, transistors or integrated blocks. The single-chip microcomputer 3 provides the electrical parameters generated when the electrical equipment is connected to the USB output interface I4 or the external charging module 13, receives the switching command sent by the single-chip microcomputer 3 and passes the working power outputted by the current detection circuit 6 through the USB output interface I4 or the external charging module 13 output to electrical equipment. The working power output by the current detection circuit 6 is preferentially output through the USB output interface I4, and may also be preferentially output by the external charging module 13. The switching principle of the switch integrated circuit is illustrated below by taking the output of the external charging module 13 first as an example: the circuit schematic diagram is shown in Figure 3, the pin 10 and pin 3 of the switch integrated circuit are connected to the current detection circuit 6, and the pin 9 is connected to the current detection circuit 6. External charging module 13, pin 5 is connected to USB output interface I4, pin 8 and pin 4 are connected to single-chip microcomputer 3 through conversion circuit control line 15, pin 7 is connected to single-chip microcomputer 3 through conversion identification line 16; before switching, switch integrated circuit Receive the working power output by the current detection circuit 6 through the pin 3, and output the electric energy to the USB output interface I4 through the pin 5. When the external charging module 13 is also connected to the electric device at the same time, the pin 7 is converted and identified by the circuit 16. The single-chip microcomputer 3 provides the electrical parameters generated when the electrical equipment is connected to the external charging module 13. Once the single-chip microcomputer 3 detects the electrical parameters provided by the conversion identification line 16, it can judge that the external charging module 13 has been connected to the electrical equipment. At this time, the single-chip microcomputer 3 sends switching instructions 1 or 0 to the pins 4 and 8 of the switch integrated circuit through the conversion circuit control circuit 15 after the internal program operation, and the switch integrated circuit receives the switching instruction 1 or 0 sent by the single-chip microcomputer 3 through the conversion circuit control circuit 15. 0, the switch integrated circuit switches the electric energy to the output from pin 9 through the conversion of its internal integrated electronic switches K1 and K2, so as to realize the switching of the working power output by the current detection circuit 6 from the USB output interface I4 to the external charging module 13 Priority output to supply power for external electrical equipment. In the standby state when no electric device is connected, the conversion circuit 14 controls the initial state of the USB output interface I4 and the external charging module 13 to be in the on state. The conversion circuit 14 can also be separated from the control of the single-chip microcomputer 3 and realized by hard switching: a purely mechanical switch is used to manually switch the output. As shown in Figure 4, the conversion circuit 14 includes a manually controlled mechanical switch I and a mechanical switch II. One end of I and one end of mechanical switch II are respectively connected to the output end of current detection circuit 6 , the other end of mechanical switch I is connected to USB output interface I4 , and the other end of mechanical switch II is connected to external charging module 13 .

The current detection circuit 6 is arranged between the output terminal of the voltage regulation and current regulation module 2 and the conversion circuit 14, and is connected to the single chip microcomputer 3 through the current detection input line 7; Voltage and current parameters, and provide the voltage and current parameters to the single-chip microcomputer 3 through the current detection input line 7.

The single-chip microcomputer 3 is connected to the voltage regulation and current regulation module 2 through the voltage control command output line 8 and the current control command output line 9 respectively, and is connected to the conversion circuit 14 through the conversion circuit control circuit 15 . The single-chip microcomputer 3 receives the parameters provided by the current detection circuit 6 through the current detection input line 7. On the basis of the initial output voltage and current of 1.25V-0.3A of the USB output interface I4 and the external charging module 13, after the operation of the internal program of the single-chip microcomputer, the voltage is passed. The control command output line 8 and the current control command output line 9 issue commands to control the working state of the voltage regulation and current regulation module 2, so that the voltage regulation and current regulation module 2 outputs working power sources with different voltages and currents until the charging required by the electrical equipment is satisfied. Voltage and current; the single-chip microcomputer 3 also receives the current and voltage parameters provided by the conversion circuit 14 through the conversion identification circuit 16, and controls the switch state of the conversion circuit 14 through the conversion circuit control circuit 15, so that only one of the USB output interface I4 and the external charging module 13 is working state.

The working state display 5 adopts a liquid crystal display or a lamp bead array display, and is controlled by the single-chip microcomputer 3 to dynamically display the voltage and current parameters output by the voltage regulation and current regulation module 2 in real time; one or more than one working state display 5 can be set.

The voltage control command output line 8, the current control command output line 9, the switching circuit control line 15, and the switching identification line 16 are one or more than one line respectively.

One or more of the above-mentioned voltage stabilizing circuit 10 and USB output interface II11 can be installed. The above-mentioned DC circuit 12 can be provided with multiple channels according to the expansion needs. The input end of each voltage stabilizing circuit 10 is connected to the AC/DC through one DC circuit 12 The DC output terminal of the conversion circuit 1 and the output terminal of each voltage stabilizing circuit 10 are connected to a USB output interface II11.

The aforementioned USB output interface I4 and the external charging module 13 can also be provided with one or more according to expansion requirements, and are respectively connected to the output end of the conversion circuit 14 .

The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

As shown in Figure 1, the electrical equipment is connected to the USB output interface I4 or the external charging module 13, and the voltage parameters are detected by the current detection circuit 6 and sent to the single-chip microcomputer 3, and the single-chip microcomputer 3 according to the current detection circuit 6 and the current detection input line 7 The provided current parameters output by the voltage regulation and current regulation module 2, on the basis of the initial output voltage and current of 1.25V—0.3A of the USB output interface I4, control the voltage regulation and current regulation module 2 to adjust the output voltage and current until it meets the requirements of the electrical equipment required charging voltage and current.

The single-chip microcomputer 3 controls the switch state of the conversion circuit 14 through the conversion circuit control circuit 15, so that only one of the USB output interface I4 and the external charging module 13 is in the working state.

The single-chip microcomputer 3 simultaneously controls the working status display screen 5 to dynamically display the voltage and current parameters output by the voltage regulation and current regulation module 2 in real time.

The USB output interface II 11 outputs a working power supply with a voltage of 5V.

Referring to Figure 2, the AC/DC conversion circuit 1 converts the 220V AC power supply into a low-voltage DC constant voltage and constant current power supply, and then provides the working power for the single chip microcomputer 3 through the voltage regulation and current regulation module 2, and at the same time provides the voltage regulation and current regulation module 2 with the required Reference stabilized voltage source, this stabilized voltage source is a constant voltage and constant current stabilized source, through the joint adjustment of the voltage regulation and current regulation module 2 and the microcontroller 3, the current detection circuit 6, and the conversion circuit 14, through the USB output interface Ⅰ4 or an external charging module 13 outputs the adjusted voltage and current, and the working status display screen 5 displays the output voltage and current; the AC/DC conversion circuit 1 also converts the 220V AC power supply into a low-voltage DC constant-voltage constant-current power supply and outputs it to a stabilized voltage The circuit provides working power for the voltage stabilizing circuit 10, and the voltage stabilizing circuit 10 outputs 5V working power through the USB output interface II11.

What has been described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some changes and improvements can be made without departing from the overall concept of the present invention, and these should also be regarded as the present invention. The scope of protection, these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent.

Claims (10)

1. a multifunctional charger, is characterized in that: comprising:

Single-chip microcomputer;

The civil power of input is converted to galvanic AC/DC change-over circuit;

The instruction receiving single-chip microcomputer carries out to the direct current that AC/DC change-over circuit exports the pressure regulation tune flow module that stream is adjusted in pressure regulation;

Real-time and Dynamic Detection pressure regulation adjust flow module export galvanic voltage and current parameter and voltage and current parameter be supplied to the current detection circuit of single-chip microcomputer;

Connect the USB output interface I of power consumption equipment;

Connect the external charge module of power consumption equipment;

The working power exported by current detection circuit exports to the change-over circuit of power consumption equipment through USB output interface I or external charge module.

2. multifunctional charger according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described change-over circuit adopts switch integrated circuit; The working power that switch integrated circuit received current testing circuit exports, the electrical quantity produced when single-chip microcomputer is provided in power consumption equipment access USB output interface I or external charge module, receives the switching command of single-chip microcomputer transmission and the working power that current detection circuit exports is exported to power consumption equipment through USB output interface I or external charge module.

3. multifunctional charger according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described change-over circuit comprises mechanical switch I and the mechanical switch II of Non-follow control; One end of described mechanical switch I and one end of mechanical switch II are connected respectively to the output of current detection circuit, and the other end of mechanical switch I connects USB output interface I, and the other end of mechanical switch II connects external charge module.

4. multifunctional charger according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described AC/DC change-over circuit also exports the direct current of conversion to voltage stabilizing circuit, and voltage stabilizing circuit is by USB output interface II output power supply.

5. multifunctional charger according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described USB output interface II adopts A type USB standard female mouth interface.

6. multifunctional charger according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described voltage stabilizing circuit is one or more, and USB output interface II is one or more; The input of each voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to the DC output end of AC/DC change-over circuit, and the output of each voltage stabilizing circuit is connected to a USB output interface II.

7. multifunctional charger according to claim 1, is characterized in that: external charge module is one or more.

8. multifunctional charger according to claim 1, is characterized in that: external charge module is initial output voltage is 1.25V, initial output current is 0.3A, output voltage range is 1.25V-12V, output current scope is the charging module of 0.3A-2.5A.

9. multifunctional charger according to claim 1, is characterized in that: USB output interface I is one or more; USB output interface I adopts A type USB standard female mouth interface; USB output interface I is initial output voltage is 1.25V, initial output current is 0.3A, output voltage range is 1.25V-12V, output current scope is 0.3A-2.5A USB output interface.

10. multifunctional charger according to claim 1, is characterized in that: single-chip microcomputer is also connected with operating state display screen; Described operating state display screen is one or more, adopts LCDs or lamp pearl array display screen.