CN105433433B

CN105433433B - Method for extracting tobacco aromatic components through water jet smashing and centrifugal membrane microwave distillation

Info

Publication number: CN105433433B
Application number: CN201510732793.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 叶菁; 胡汉华; 孙春毅
Original assignee: WUHAN NEWWAY CHENCHUANG TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
Current assignee: Wuhan Newway Pharmaceutical Machinery Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2015-10-31
Filing date: 2015-10-31
Publication date: 2017-03-22
Anticipated expiration: 2035-10-31
Also published as: CN105433433A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for extracting tobacco aromatic components through water jet smashing and centrifugal membrane microwave distillation. The method includes the following steps of firstly, adding a smashed tobacco aromatic component extraction raw material to a stirring tank, adding water, stirring the raw material, and sending the material to a centrifugal separator; secondly, conveying separated heavy substances to a water jet mill to be subjected to water jet smashing; thirdly, conveying a light solution obtained in the second step to a feed port in the upper end of a multi-layer disc type centrifugation and gravity film formation microwave evaporation device, wherein the microwave evaporation device comprises rotating conical face discs and fixed conical face discs, the rotating conical face discs and the fixed conical face discs are coaxially arranged in a laminated mode alternately, and the rotating conical face discs are fixed to a central shaft and rotate; fourthly, sucking gas-phase aroma source substances into a condenser together with steam, and condensing gas-phase aroma source substances and water steam into liquid together, separating aroma source substances from condensate water through a separator, and obtaining liquid tobacco aromatic components. By means of the method, high-quality tobacco aromatic components are extracted through cell wall breaking and distillation extraction by means of a pure physical method.

Description

The method that nappe flip length and centrifugation film microwave distillation extract Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of cigarette production, more particularly, it relates to a kind of nappe flip length and centrifugation film microwave The method of distillation extraction Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component.

Background technology

As people are gradually stepped up with health problem attention rate to smoking, and the continuous of dynamics that public place is banned on opium-smoking and the opium trade Increase, tobacco industry while reducing tar and reducing harm engineering is implemented starts to pay much attention to non-burning low temperature cigarette, electronic cigarette and mouth containing The novel tobacco such as cigarette product is researched and developed, and great as strategic, the of overall importance and long-range nature of relation industry value chain Problem is carried out.

Reducing tar and reducing harm engineering, makes the coal-tar middle oil content of Medicated cigarette constantly reduce, and the fragrance component in Nicotiana tabacum L. is also accordingly reduced, smoke It is thin out, the experience to smoking is affected, accordingly, it would be desirable to extract aroma component from Nicotiana tabacum L. effectively be mended to low-coke tar cigarette fragrance Repay；In novel tobacco product is constituted, Nicotiana tabacum L. this Studies of The Aromatic Substances is including including smog substrate, forming the peculiar fragrance institute of Nicotiana tabacum L. not The material that can or lack, needs extract aroma component from Nicotiana tabacum L.；On the other hand, the reconstituted tobacco course of processing of rising in recent years In, a part of this Studies of The Aromatic Substances of Nicotiana tabacum L. of loss is compensated by adding Nicotiana tabacum L. endogenouss spice, it is also desirable to extract from Nicotiana tabacum L. and cause Fragrant composition；Additionally, by the extraction to Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, can comprehensively utilize and dissolve Nicotiana tabacum L. accumulating and production of cigarettes process In a large amount of scraps for producing, scarp, cabo, tobacco cut, and abandon the appreciable discarded tobacco leaf in field every year, not only subtract Few pollution of the garbage to environment, while and can turn waste into wealth.

The alcohols main by contained by which of the distinctive aroma component of Nicotiana tabacum L., aldehydes, ketone, esters, acids, ethers, saccharide, terpene The Trace Volatile Organic Compounds composition of the Nicotiana tabacum L.s such as alkenes, amino acidses, alkaloid and heterocyclic compound.These volatile organic matters Typically based on primary metabolite such as cellulose, pectin, protein, hemicellulose etc., tobacco plant cell is distributed in In interior and intercellular substance, in dissolution, it is necessary to first could discharge through cell wall and cell membrane.But usual herbaceous plant vascular bundle The phloem tissue of the xylem in middle outside and inner side is tightr, solvent is difficult to permeate and is spread, and the aroma component of Nicotiana tabacum L. is difficult To be efficiently extracted.

In order to efficiently extract the aroma component of Nicotiana tabacum L., cell wall breaking process can be carried out to tobacco plant first, in order to These volatility perfume source materials being capable of smoothly dissolution in a solvent.

In order to realize, to tobacco plant cell breaking cellular wall purpose, in the art, various known methods being adopted：Such as, it is raw Substance treating method, is degraded to the cell wall of Nicotiana tabacum L. by enzyme or bacterium, it is understood that there may be problem be that alone enzyme is past Toward processing not thoroughly, can only Partial digestion cell wall；Alone bacterium process time is longer, cell wall thoroughly clear up and bacterium metabolite The quality of fragrant source material may be affected, the time is short and can not achieve the goal.

And for example, physical treatment method, makes cell wall breaking by method sides such as ultrasound wave, microwave, steam explosions.Wherein, surpass Sound wave cell wall breaking is that the cavitation Erosion that produced in liquid using high-frequency ultrasonic and size degradation effect crush cell wall, Possible problem is constrained to ultrasonic transducer power, and disposal ability is not big enough；Microwave frequency measurment is using the plant in microwave field During thing Absorption of Medium microwave energy, because intracellular molecular polarization produces dipole Action of Superhigh Frequency Vibration, friction and heat, work as liquid phase After absorbing enough latent heat gasifications, break through cell wall disengaged vapor and reach cell wall breaking purpose, possible problem is tobacco plant Fragrant source material deteriorate because overheated；Steam explosion be using with certain pressure steam enter plant cell in after, because dash forward So pressure release makes steam release cause cell wall breaking, possible problem to remain overheated.Physical treatment method processes intensity greatly, causes fragrant Component damages are larger.

For another example, chemical treatment method, is mainly processed by diluted acid, alkali, ozone, organic solvent and oxidation etc., makes cell wall Intensity decreases are cleared up, it is understood that there may be problem be these chemical composition later stage reluctant problems.

Another kind of solvent extraction method, can be under conditions of cell broken wall treatment not be done, using material dissolving in a solvent Sex differernce, that is, select to not needing dissolved element dissolubility little, and the solvent big to fragrant source Solubility of Substances, by solvent to thin The osmosiss of cell wall enter intracellular, dissolving solubility perfume source material, cause the concentration difference that cell is inside and outside, make intracellular Constantly to external diffusion, solvent is then constantly entered in cell concentrated solution, until when the inside and outside solution concentration of cell reaches dynamic equilibrium, Saturated solution is leached, novel solvent is added and is continued dissolution.Solvent can be highly polar water, or hydrophilic or lipophilic The organic solvent of property.Solvent extraction method is divided into two kinds of cold extraction method and hot lifting manipulation, common solvent extraction method relative poor, time Long, less efficient, aroma component relative amount is not high, and fragrance is not enough.

After cell makes fragrant source material dissolve in solvent because of breaking cellular wall or diffusion, then it is further desirable that the fragrant source of liquid phase Material is separated from solvent, i.e. distillation extraction.In the art, can be using various known methods：Such as, distillation extraction, It is different using each component boiling point (volatility) in mixing liquid, evaporate low boiling component, then it is whole to separate to be condensed into liquid Component.Wherein, the steam distillation with water as solvent, good economy performance, safe, strong operability, and to saccharide in Nicotiana tabacum L., The water solublity flavor matter such as amino acidses, phenols has a preferable extraction effect, but for low polarity, volatile organic acid, The key aroma component extraction effect such as terpenes, alcohols is not good, and needs higher evaporating temperature, and side reaction is more, may affect This fragrant effect of aroma component.

And for example, supercritical fluid CO₂Extraction, the superpower solvability having using supercritical fluid make fragrant source material Dissolving, and the control by pressure and temperature, make CO₂Solvent reaches critical point in extraction process, completes liquid phase to gas phase Hypercritical transition, and obtain the fragrant source material of liquid phase.The method purity is high, no solvent residue, is suitable for mostly non-in Nicotiana tabacum L. The extraction of the volatile aromatic composition of polarity or low pole, therefore in the existing more application in this area.But the method treating capacity is relatively low, Equipment investment is larger, relatively costly, low to the aromatic substance extraction yield of low volatility.

By above-mentioned analysis, the key technology for extracting aroma component from Nicotiana tabacum L. has at 2 points, and one is, realizes that cell breaks Wall；Two are, control when liquid-phase conversion is gas phase to evaporating temperature.The former is related to the dissolution of fragrant source material, the latter's relation To the quality of fragrant source material.

Nicotiana tabacum L. be Solanaceae herbaceous plant, can be used for extract Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component tobacco-containing material be Nicotiana tabacum L. and root, stem etc., its In, Nicotiana tabacum L. is by arranging close flat epidermis cell, and the palisade tissue cell of mesophyll, spongy tissue cell and vascular bundle The parenchyma cells such as cell are constituted, and have collenchyma near epidermis；Rhizome is herb stem, and gather in stem many relatively tiny dimension pipes Beam, it is substantial amounts of parenchyma cell to be full of between vascular bundle, and in outer side, phloem is then distributed the xylem distribution in vascular bundle Inner side (this is just completely contrary with xylophyta).Therefore, if by the collenchyma of Nicotiana tabacum L. epidermis, and rhizome vascular bundle The phloem destruction of the xylem in outside and inner side, the breaking cellular wall of parenchyma cell is relative to be easier to realize.

In the art, the breaking cellular wall to tobacco plant cell, known method is by enzyme or bacterium as mentioned above Degradation, or acted on by the physical wall breaking of ultrasound wave, microwave, steam explosion, or the softening by soda acid solvent and clear up Effect is realized.In these methods, tobacco material is generally crushed to less than 5～20 mesh, that is, be smaller in size than 4000～830 μm with Under, minority is also crushed to below 100 mesh, i.e., 150 μm.Obviously, the crushing size of these tobacco materials is significantly larger than and generally plants The size range of the diameter of thing cell, i.e., 10～100 μm.Therefore, in existing Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component extractive technique, to Nicotiana tabacum L. The crushing of raw material, does not produce the breaking cellular wall to cell and acts on.It is but by the degraded of above-mentioned enzyme or bacterium, or ultrasound wave, micro- The physical wall breaking of ripple, steam explosion, or cell wall breaking is made by the softening and the effect of clearing up of soda acid solvent, also thus cause phase The problem for answering cell wall breaking technique to bring, such as has that controllability is weaker, and sporoderm-broken rate is not high, or temperature is too high causes deterioration etc..

In the art, to the solution dissolved with Nicotiana tabacum L. perfume source material, the evaporating temperature control aspect of gas phase conversion is carried out, As mentioned above in known method, take including measures such as vapor distillation, normal-temperature distilled and vacuum distillations, but " of the same race Material has different saturated vapour pressures under not synthermal, and increases with the rising of temperature, and saturated vapour pressure value is higher, More be conducive to liquid phase to be changed into gas phase " evaporating principle and Nicotiana tabacum L. perfume source material " temperature is too high to cause deterioration " this association to contradiction In terms of tune, belong to mostly conventional technological balance, the principle in terms of relative shortage method and apparatus breaks through.

The patent below quoted from obtains certain success in terms of some method and apparatus wherein, but this can not be inevitably It is suitable to be construed to these existing technologies.

The Chinese patent CN 200610036630.X of Song Guangquan et al., disclose a kind of tobacco essence spice extracting method, Comprise the steps：Nicotiana tabacum L. is crushed or shredding, and is put into extractor；It is 1 by Nicotiana tabacum L. and solvent mass ratio:2～1:16, in extraction Solvent is added in taking tank；It it is 20～60 DEG C in temperature, vacuum is that decompression extract return method 1～8 is little under 0.020～0.098MPa When；80～500 mesh mesh screens of extract Jing or titanium rod core or ultrafiltration etc. separate, collect filtrate, vacuum be 0.020～ Under 0.098MPa, sample proportion d is evaporated to₄ ²⁰For 1.1～1.4g/ml, tobacco essence spice is obtained final product.The invention is employed The closed circulating techniques such as low-temperature reduced-pressure liquid-solid extraction, gap flow stirring and concentrating under reduced pressure.

The Chinese patent CN 200680027774.7 of Philip Mirris Products Inc, discloses one kind and prepares containing cigarette The method of the solution of careless solute, including a kind of preferred extractant and supercritical fluid extraction tobacco solutes, is rich in being formed The Nicotiana tabacum L. of the extractant of tobacco solutes and depleted tobacco solutes, the extractant Jing entrapment solvents that will be enriched in tobacco solutes are rich in The solution of tobacco solutes is formed, wherein described tobacco solutes include nicotine and at least one tobacco flavor mixture and/or cigarette Careless aromatic.

The Chinese patent CN 200810237438.6 of Sun Deping et al., discloses a kind of tobacco sheets by paper making method production Extracting process, has following material in extract and its accounts for the percetage by weight of extract：Acid protease 0.02%～ 0.1%；Cellulase 0.01%～0.1%；Pectase 0.01%～0.1%；Enzyme activity accelerator 0.1%～1%.Acid egg White enzyme carries out liquid submerged fermentation and post processing, while using homemade enzyme activity accelerator.

The Chinese patent CN 200910027400.0 of yellow Wenhua et al., discloses a kind of preparation method of tobacco extract And its application, with Nicotiana tabacum L. as raw material, Jing enzymolysis, ultrasonic extraction, filtration, chromatography post separation, concentrating under reduced pressure step are obtained Nicotiana tabacum L. Extract；The tobacco extract ethanol of concentration 80% dissolves, and is added in tobacco shred using atomizing type spray.The invention is used Zymolysis technique and ultrasonic extraction, with reference to chromatography, Extracting temperature is low, and the time is short, and solvent load is few.

The Chinese patent CN 201110248504.1 of Wang Yuanliang et al., discloses a kind of using ultrasound wave alkalization pretreatment Continuous extraction nicotine, hemicellulose, lignin, the new method of cellulose from Nicotiana tabacum L., Nicotiana tabacum L. are ground into particle diameter no less than 20 mesh Powder, add the aqueous medium equivalent to 10～30 times of Nicotiana tabacum L. volume, adjust pH value to 9-13, and carry out ultrasonic pretreatment, surpass Acoustic power is no less than 20kHz, and ultrasonic pretreatment time is no less than 20 minutes, obtains ultrasonic pretreatment fluid, further extract cigarette Alkali, hemicellulose, lignin, cellulose.

The Chinese patent application publication No. CN 103126062A of Zhang Qi et al., discloses one and grows tobacco composition extracting method, Including：(1) 5～15 times of non-polar organic solvents are added by weight in Nicotiana tabacum L., stir, ultrasonic extraction 30～120 minutes, mistake Isolated extract is removed organic solvent and obtains oil-soluble tobacco extracts by filter；(2) to step (1) separating and extracting liquid Add 5～10 times of water in Nicotiana tabacum L. afterwards by weight, stir, ultrasonic extraction 30～60 minutes, filter, by isolated extraction Liquid removes water and obtains water solublity tobacco extracts, merges with the oil-soluble tobacco extracts of step (1).The method can be extracted The larger water-soluble components of polarity, can also extract the less oil soluble sexual element of polarity.

Yang Qian vivid et al. Chinese patent CN 201310177314.4, discloses and a kind of prepares cigarette perfume with tobacco chippings The method of material and the fragrance applications.By the use of tobacco chippings as raw material, tobacco extract is prepared by polar solvent extraction, by Nicotiana tabacum L. Extractum is mixed with macroporous resin and carries out static adsorption, after separating treatment, obtains unadsorbed latent fragrant component, by highly polar molten The flavor components of absorption are obtained after agent eluting macroporous resin.

The Chinese patent application publication No. CN 103462204A of Xu Qingquan et al., discloses a kind of including water extraction and super Critical CO₂The reconstituted tobacco of compound tobacco flavor matter obtained in extraction, Nicotiana tabacum L. flavor matter are fixed from Nicotiana tabacum L. by water extraction To the polarity flavor matter and supercritical CO that extract₂Extraction orients the nonpolar flavor matter of extraction from Nicotiana tabacum L. and constitutes, pole Property flavor matter and nonpolar flavor matter formula proportion be 1000:0.1～5.

The Chinese patent application publication No. CN 103484252A of Pan Xuesong et al., discloses a kind of Zimbabwe Nicotiana tabacum L. essence Extracting solution is prepared as concentrated extract, then adds glycerol to concentrated extract, finally carries out decompression steaming to which by the preparation method of oil Evaporate, liquid-liquid extraction and the step of concentration precipitation, obtain faint yellow Zimbabwe tobacco essential oil.

The Chinese patent application publication No. CN 103720031A of Tang Ziwen et al., discloses a kind of system of tobacco extract The application of Preparation Method and the extract in Medicated cigarette, takes tobacco material according to feed liquid mass ratio 1:5～1:10 ratio adds dense The ethanol of degree 70%～95%, adds the phosphoric acid or sulphuric acid of tobacco material quality 0.5%～3%, in 60～90 DEG C of bar Circumfluence distillation 1～3 hour under part；Products therefrom cools down supernatant after filtering, takes supernatant concentrating under reduced pressure, obtains extractum, i.e., For tobacco extract.

The Chinese patent application publication No. CN 103789090A of Yang Yaling et al., discloses the colored volatile matter that grows tobacco and carries Take and microcapsule preparation method, by Nicotiana tabacum L. chopping, weigh, add a certain amount of saliferous distilled water solution, soak certain hour, water Steam distillation is extracted, and is collected fraction, is obtained Nicotiana tabacum L. volatile matter.Again plus 95% ethanol dilution, and cyclodextrin and distilled water are added Mix homogeneously, grinds to form pastel, decompression sucking filtration with colloid mill, with absolute ethanol washing, the precipitation drying after sucking filtration.

The Chinese patent application publication No. CN 104138028A of Qu Yongsheng et al., discloses a kind of tobacco flavor composition and carries Method is taken, tobacco shred or Nicotiana tabacum L. is balanced into process or dried, is made sample moisture content uniform；By tobacco shred or Nicotiana tabacum L., it is put into After impregnating in Extraction solvent, cooling；Mixed liquor is put into into Ultrasonic Cell Disruptor, using ultrasonic grinding tobacco shred or Nicotiana tabacum L.；Crush cigarette After silk or Nicotiana tabacum L., sealing container, after continuing dipping, centrifugation removes solid formation, that is, obtain tobacco flavor constituents extraction liquid.

The Chinese patent application publication No. CN 104450186A of Liu Xinjian et al., discloses a kind of tobacco juice for electronic smoke cigarette Waste/hypo-tobacco leaf is placed in ultrasound-enhanced supercritical extraction equipment and is extracted by the preparation method of draft Studies of The Aromatic Substances, ultrasonic frequency 20KHz, ultrasonic power 100W, carbon dioxide flow are 10～20L/h, and extracting pressure is 15～25MPa, spends 40～55 DEG C, extraction The time is taken for 1.5～2h, entrainer is Propylene Glycol, ethanol, distillation water mixed solvent, and carbon dioxide is obtained with this Studies of The Aromatic Substances of Nicotiana tabacum L. Mixed liquor, then separated kettle separated, controls 45～60 DEG C of separation temperature, 7～12MPa of separating pressure, obtains Nicotiana tabacum L. this perfume Material.

Based on more than, analysis understands, in the art, does not still have a kind of wet grinding technique at present, its force side for crushing Formula not only has mill stripping and smashes effect, while having the direct broken cells of stretching action concurrently, and in the form of feed liquid film layer, leads to Cross microwave exposure heating, the method for carrying out distillation extraction Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component.Therefore, it is desirable to using a kind of by using to Nicotiana tabacum L. The suitable crushing force mechanism of raw material and grinding particle size control, make tobacco plant cell obtain abundant breaking cellular wall, fragrant to improve Nicotiana tabacum L. The dissolubility of source material；It is also expected to the solution dissolved with Nicotiana tabacum L. perfume source material is disperseed into uniformly thin layer, by microwave exposure Body phase is carried out to Film Flow uniformly to heat, replaces traditional partition to heat heat transfer type, or the direct Convective Heating film of vapourss The heat transfer type on layered material liquid surface, makes the solution dissolved with Nicotiana tabacum L. perfume source material under relatively low vacuum, is gas by liquid-phase conversion Phase, realizes the high efficient cryogenic evaporation of Nicotiana tabacum L. perfume source material.

The content of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, there is provided a kind of nappe flip length and centrifugation film microwave distillation extract Nicotiana tabacum L. The method of aroma component, realizes the high quality tobacco aroma component of cell wall breaking and distillation extraction with pure physical method.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：Construct a kind of nappe flip length and centrifugation film microwave The method of distillation extraction Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, comprises the following steps：

S1, the extraction raw material of Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component after crushing is added in agitator tank, after adding water stirring, delivers to centrifugation Seperator；

S2, the heavy thing after separation is delivered to into water fluid jet grind carries out nappe flip length；

S3, by step S2 obtain lightweight thing solution be delivered to multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming microwave evaporation Device upper end charge door, the microwave evaporation device include the cone of revolution dish that microwave heating equipment, coaxial alternate lamination are arranged Piece and fixed axoid video disc, wherein, cone of revolution video disc is fixed and is rotated on center shaft；Lightweight thing solution is from the superiors Cone of revolution video disc, successively flow to undermost fixed axoid video disc, period Film Flow is carried out by microwave exposure plus The fragrant source material of liquid phase is evaporated to gas phase by heat；

S4, gas phase perfume source material are aspirated into condenser, and are condensed into liquid together with water vapour with steam Body；Make fragrant source material with condensed moisture from the Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component of acquisition liquid by separator again.

In such scheme, water fluid jet grind makes Nicotiana tabacum L. by the impact of high-pressure water jet, water wedge tension force, cavitation denudation Mean diameter about ＜ 5～l0 μm are reached with the superfine grinding granularity of the tobacco plant material such as root, stem, be beneficial to the pole of fragrant source material Property composition is soluble in water, meanwhile, under the violent turbulent flow emulsification of high-pressure water jet, it is also beneficial to the nonpolar of fragrant source material (oiliness or lipid) composition is soluble in water.

In such scheme, the water fluid jet grind and centrifugal separator, high-pressure plunger pump and delivery pump formed closed-circuit pulverization with Centrifugal separator detached heavy thing (containing coarse granule) is returned the water jet for plant superfine grinding by separating circuit Mill, carries out continuous circulation and crushes；By centrifugal separator detached lightweight thing solution (containing fragrant source material and fine tobacco plant Grain) high-pressure plunger pump is sent into, recycle as working media, until in the detached lightweight thing solution of centrifugal separator The lightweight thing solution, when granularity reaches mean diameter about ＜ 5～l0 μm, is switched out closed-circuit pulverization and is separated back by subparticle Road, and be transported to next stage and be evaporated extraction.

In such scheme, cone of revolution video disc of the lightweight thing solution from the superiors, alternating flow to undermost solid During determining conical surface video disc, uniform film layer is successively formed, period is heated to Film Flow by microwave exposure, eliminate and add Incremental contribution of the vapourss to gas phase in vaporizer, while using the decompression of fluid speedup and the collaboration decompressing effect of vacuum draw, Make feed liquid be converted into gas phase at a lower temperature, the fragrant source material in the lightweight thing solution is evaporated to into gas phase, the heat is handed over Temperature is changed in the range of 25～80 DEG C, and evaporating temperature can be carried out more accurate by the Loading Control of microwave pulse irradiation Control.

In such scheme, the lightweight thing solution can first be transported into evaporation slip preheater, be preheated to 15～45 DEG C In the range of, and superheat steam flow can be led to be adjusted, then it is transported to the multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming microwave Vaporising device is evaporated extraction.

In such scheme, by vacuum pump set, the multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge is steamed with gravity film forming microwave evaporation device The gas phase perfume source material sent out, is drawn into condenser and is condensed into liquid；Again by separator, fragrant source material and condensed moisture is made From, the Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component of liquid is obtained, the vacuum of vacuum pump set is 0.035～0.095MPa.

In such scheme, the lightweight thing solution is filled with gravity film forming microwave evaporation by the multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge After the evaporation and concentration put, then room temperature is cooled to via enriching slurry cooler, the solution after evaporation and concentration cooling can be used as producing The raw material of tobacco extract is comprehensively utilized.

In such scheme, the extraction raw material of the Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component such as Nicotiana tabacum L., root, stem is crushed to by plant pulverizer 10 mesh of granularity ＜ (1.7mm), is added in agitator tank, then by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:(2～8) water is added, at normal temperatures impregnated raw material 30 ～60min, period agitator are accomplished continuously or intermittently stirred with 0.2～1m/s of linear velocity；Swelling good raw material will be impregnated, by slurry Delivery pump is delivered to the centrifugal separator, and the heavy thing after separation is transported to the water jet for plant superfine grinding Mill；Lightweight thing solution after separation, is transported to high-pressure plunger pump, recycles as working media.

In such scheme, separator is set at the discharge adapter of the water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding, will The tobacco plant aroma volatile produced during nappe flip length, be fed directly to positioned at the multilamellar disc-type from In the condenser and separator of the heart and gravity film forming microwave evaporation device back segment, trapped with Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component in the lump.

In such scheme, when described lightweight thing solution switches out closed-circuit pulverization with separating circuit, by centrifugal separator The heavy thing after separation, while switching out closed-circuit pulverization and separating circuit, is delivered to filtering means dehydration device, obtains after dehydration The slag charge being made up of tobacco plant fibrous particle, can be integrated into utilizing, such as be copied with sheathing paper as non-combustion type low-temperature cigarette Make admixture, or the carbonized stock as non-combustion type low-temperature cigarette fuel element etc..

Implement the method that the nappe flip length and centrifugation film microwave distillation of the present invention extract Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, with following Beneficial effect：

The present invention carries out cell wall breaking crushing by water fluid jet grind to tobacco plant, to improve the dissolving of Nicotiana tabacum L. perfume source material Degree；And using multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming microwave evaporation device, the solution dissolved with Nicotiana tabacum L. perfume source material is dispersed into Uniform thin layer, to improve the saturated vapour pressure value of thin layer solution, and by fluid differential decompression and the association of vacuum draw Same decompressing effect, makes the solution high-efficiency evaporating at a lower temperature dissolved with Nicotiana tabacum L. perfume source material, finally by efficient condenser and Separator, prepares the high quality tobacco aroma component for realizing cell wall breaking and distillation extraction with pure physical method.

Description of the drawings

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing：

Fig. 1 is the method technological process example that a kind of nappe flip length and centrifugation film microwave distillation extract Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component Property sketch；

Fig. 2 is the main view profile of multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming microwave evaporation device；

Main view profiles of the Fig. 3 for top layer cone of revolution disc stack；

Upward views of the Fig. 4 for Fig. 3 top layer cone of revolution disc stacks；

Main view profiles of the Fig. 5 for cone of revolution disc stack；

Upward views of the Fig. 6 for Fig. 5 cone of revolution disc stacks；

Main view profiles of the Fig. 7 for fixed axoid disc stack；

Upward views of the Fig. 8 for Fig. 7 fixed axoid disc stacks；

Fig. 9 is the water fluid jet grind main view profile for plant superfine grinding；

Figure 10 is the top view of the water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding；

Figure 11 is the main view profile that top feeds hierarchy；

Figure 12 is the schematic diagram that top feeds hierarchy；

Figure 13 is the main view profile that lower nozzle crushes structure；

Figure 14 is the B direction views in Figure 13.

Specific embodiment

In order to be more clearly understood to the technical characteristic of the present invention, purpose and effect, now compare accompanying drawing and describe in detail The specific embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in figure 1, a kind of nappe flip length that the present invention is provided extracts Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component with centrifugation film microwave distillation Method, its technological process and set device include：Agitator tank 0101, tobacco slurry delivery pump 0102, high-pressure plunger pump 0103, for the water fluid jet grind 0104 of plant superfine grinding, slurry delivery pump 0105 is crushed, crush slip separator 0106, stream Control valve 0107, centrifugal separator 0108, filtering means dehydration device 0109, evaporation slip preheater 0110, enriching slurry cooling Device 0111, multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming microwave evaporation device 0112, condenser 0113, separator 0114, vacuum machine Group 0115, handpiece Water Chilling Units 0116, hot gas source 0117.

A kind of nappe flip length and centrifugation film microwave distillation extract the processing step of the method for Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component and Main technologic parameters are as follows：

Step 1：By the extraction raw material of the Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component such as Nicotiana tabacum L., root, stem, granularity ＜ is crushed to by plant pulverizer 10 mesh (1.7mm), are added in agitator tank 0101, then by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:(2～8) add water, at normal temperatures impregnated raw material 30～ 60min, period agitator are accomplished continuously or intermittently stirred with 0.2～1m/s of linear velocity；Swelling good raw material will be impregnated, by tobacco pulp Material conveying pump 0102 is delivered to centrifugal separator 0108, and the heavy thing (coarse granule containing raw material) after separation is transported to described being used for The water fluid jet grind 0104 of plant superfine grinding；Lightweight thing (containing fragrant source material and fine tobacco plant granule) solution after separation, High-pressure plunger pump 0103 is conveyed into, is recycled as working media.

Step 2：Heavy thing after separation is taken over via charging, into the water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding 0104 flat circular pipe type pulverizing chamber, carries out nappe flip length；Slurry after crushing passes through to crush slurry delivery pump 0105, via Discharge adapter is sucked discharges the water fluid jet grind 0104 for plant superfine grinding, then is delivered to centrifugal separator 0108 and enters Row is separated；By this process, the heavy thing after separating centrifugal separator 0108, by high-pressure plunger pump 0103, described for planting Closed-circuit pulverization and divide that the water fluid jet grind 0104 of thing superfine grinding, centrifugal separator 0108 and crushing slurry delivery pump 0105 are formed In loop, obtain continuous circulation and crush, until the subparticle in the lightweight thing solution after being separated by centrifugal separator 0108, When granularity reaches the setting index of mean diameter about ＜ 5～l0 μm, lightweight thing solution is switched out by flow control valve 0107 Closed-circuit pulverization and separating circuit, and it is transported into evaporation slip preheater 0110.

The crushing pressure of the nozzle of the water fluid jet grind 0104 for plant superfine grinding is 5～20MPa, it is preferable that 7 ～12MPa, the back pressure of flat circular pipe type crushing chamber is in the range of 0.010～0.040MPa, it is preferable that 0.02～0.03MPa.

By crushing slip separator 0106, by 0104 crushing process of water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding The volatile aroma of middle generation is fed directly to trap in the condenser 0113 and separator 0114 of vaporising device back segment.

When lightweight thing solution is switched out closed-circuit pulverization with separating circuit by flow control valve 0107, by centrifugation Heavy thing after the separation of machine 0108, while switching out closed-circuit pulverization and separating circuit, is delivered to filtering means dehydration device 0109, is dehydrated Obtain the slag charge being made up of tobacco plant fibrous particle afterwards, can be integrated into utilize, such as non-combustion type low-temperature cigarette with every Hot paper is manufactured paper with pulp admixture, or the carbonized stock as non-combustion type low-temperature cigarette fuel element etc..

Step 3：The lightweight thing solution obtained by step 2, is transported into evaporation slip preheater 0110, makes lightweight thing Solution is preheated to 15～45 DEG C, and the temperature in the range of this is adjustable；Lightweight thing solution after preheating, then it is transported to the multilamellar dish Chip is centrifuged and 0112 upper end charge door of gravity film forming microwave evaporation device, from the cone of revolution video disc of the superiors, alternately flows To undermost fixed axoid video disc during, uniform film layer is successively formed, period is carried out to Film Flow by microwave exposure Fragrant source material in the lightweight thing solution is evaporated to gas phase by heating, and heat exchange temperature is in the range of 25～80 DEG C, and can lead to The Loading Control of microwave pulse irradiation is crossed, evaporating temperature is more accurately controlled.

The fragrant source material of gas phase discharges the multilamellar dish via upper end pump orifice under the swabbing action of vacuum pump set 0115 Chip is centrifuged and gravity film forming microwave evaporation device 0112, and the vacuum of vacuum pump set 0115 is 0.035～0.095MPa.

The gas phase perfume source material that the multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge is discharged with gravity film forming microwave evaporation device 0112 is sucked Liquid is condensed into into condenser 0113；Again by separator 0114, make fragrant source material with condensed moisture from the Nicotiana tabacum L. of acquisition liquid Aroma component.

Solution after evaporation and concentration, via the multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming microwave evaporation device 0112 Lower end discharge, then room temperature is cooled to by enriching slurry cooler 0111, the solution after evaporation and concentration cooling can be used as producing The raw material of tobacco extract is comprehensively utilized.

Handpiece Water Chilling Units 0116 are that condenser 0113 and enriching slurry cooler 0111 provide coolant, chilling temperature scope 0.5～8 DEG C.

The water fluid jet grind and the multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge for plant superfine grinding and gravity film forming microwave evaporation Situ cleaning CIP devices and steam high temperature sterilize measure is configured with device, and extraction system.

As shown in Fig. 2 multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge of the present invention is included with gravity film forming microwave evaporation device 0112：Feed liquid feeds Adapter 1201, upper bearing (metal) component 1202, feed liquid nozzle 1203, cylinder 1204, cone of revolution disc stack 1205, fixed axoid dish Piece component 1206, infrared temperature measurement device 1207, central shaft 1208, lower positioning shaft sleeve 1209, concentrated solution collection bucket 1210, concentrated solution row Adapter 1213, cylinder top cover 1214, tightening round nut 1215, top are derived in material adapter 1211, lower bearing component 1212, boil-off gas Layer cone of revolution disc stack 1216, microwave feedback mouth wave transparent piece 1217, waveguide 1218, magnetron 1219, concentrated solution sheds disk 1220, support cylinder 1221, hydrops outlet connection 1222, drive pulley 1223.

As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the top layer cone of revolution disc stack 1216 is by top layer cone of revolution video disc 12161, top Layer cone of revolution video disc blade 12162 and top layer cone of revolution video disc centring ring 12163 are constituted, the top layer cone of revolution video disc The quantity of blade 12162 is 4～12,6 in the present embodiment preferably.

As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the cone of revolution disc stack 1205 is by cone of revolution video disc 12051, cone of revolution dish Piece blade 12052 and cone of revolution video disc centring ring 12053 are constituted, and the quantity of cone of revolution video disc blade 12052 is 4～12 Piece, in the present embodiment preferably, 6.

As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, the fixed axoid disc stack 1206 is by fixed axoid video disc 12061 and cone of revolution Video disc centring ring 12062 is constituted.

As shown in Fig. 2～Fig. 8, the fixed axoid video disc centring ring 12061 on the fixed axoid disc stack 1206 Outside diameter is D0；The interior Circular Aperture on fixed axoid video disc 12061 on the fixed axoid disc stack 1206 is D1；Institute The height for stating fixed axoid disc stack 1206 is GH；The height of the fixed axoid video disc centring ring 12062 is Gh；The top 12161 upper end outside diameter of top layer cone of revolution video disc on layer cone of revolution disc stack 1216 is D2；The top layer revolution The cone bottom outside diameter of top layer cone of revolution video disc 12161 on conical surface disc stack 1216 is D3；The top layer cone of revolution dish The height of piece component 1216 is DH1；12051 upper end of cone of revolution video disc on the cone of revolution disc stack 1205 is cylindrical straight Footpath is D4；The cone of cone of revolution video disc 12051 bottom outside diameter on the cone of revolution disc stack 1205 is also D3, described time The height for turning conical surface disc stack 1205 is DH, and the height of the cone of revolution video disc centring ring 12053 is Dh；The cylinder 1204 height are H, and the height of the support cylinder 1221 is h；The cone of revolution video disc 12051, top layer cone of revolution video disc 12161 and the angle of 12061 conical surface of fixed axoid video disc and 1208 axis of central shaft be β.

As shown in Fig. 2～Fig. 8, the feed liquid feed socket 1201 is welded on the eccentric position of the cylinder top cover 1214 On, 1201 lower end of feed liquid feed socket is coupled by pipe thread seal with the feed liquid nozzle 1203；The upper bearing (metal) group 1202 axis of part and 1214 axis coaxle of cylinder top cover arrange, and by bolt seal connection, 1208 upper end of the central shaft with It is dynamic to coordinate assembling mode to be nested in upper bearing (metal) component 1202；The cone of revolution disc stack 1205 passes through the cone of revolution Video disc centring ring 12053 is coupled with spline with central shaft 1208, and fixed vertically by cone of revolution video disc centring ring 12053 Position, cone of revolution disc stack 1205 is by the cone of revolution video disc 12051, the cone of revolution video disc blade 12052 and returns Turn conical surface video disc centring ring 12053 and integrative-structure is constituted by welding manner；The fixed axoid disc stack 1206 passes through institute 12062 kink of fixed axoid video disc centring ring is stated in 1204 inwall of the cylinder, neighbouring fixed axoid disc stack 1206 with the positioning mode of alignment pin, makes the axis of all fixed axoid disc stacks 1206 of lamination same with central shaft 1208 Axle, and conical surface video disc centring ring 12062 is turned by the fixation be axially positioned, fixed axoid disc stack 1206 is by described solid Determine conical surface video disc 12061 and fixed axoid video disc centring ring 12062 constitutes integrative-structure by welding manner；The cylinder 1204 2～4 sections can be divided into, coupled by flange and bolt seal, respective waveguide 1218 is also classified into 2～4 sections；The infrared temperature measurement device 1207 with cylinder 1204, coupled by flange and bolt seal, infrared measurement of temperature hot spot runs through the cylinder 1204 and the fixation 12062 corresponding through hole of conical surface video disc centring ring is to cylinder 1204；The boil-off gas are derived adapter 1213 and are welded on cylinder On body on the eccentric position of lid 1214, cylinder top cover 1214 is coupled by bolt seal with the upper flange of cylinder 1204；It is described dense Contracting liquid collection bucket 1210 and concentrated solution discharge adapter 1211 are with the support cylinder 1221 by welding manner composition one Structure；The hydrops outlet connection 1222 is welded on 1221 bottom of support cylinder；1212 axis of the lower bearing component and support 1221 axis coaxle of cylinder is arranged, and is connected in 1221 bottom of support cylinder by bolt seal, and 1208 lower end of central shaft is with dynamic Assembling mode is coordinated to be nested in lower bearing component 1212, the drive pulley 1223 is by Flat dey joint in central shaft 1208 Shaft end；The waveguide 1218 is passed through flange and bolt and is sealingly connected with cylinder 1204, the feedback mouth of each waveguide 1218 and fixed cone Face 12062 upper ends of video disc centring ring are cylindrical concordant, at corresponding 12062 inner surface of fixed axoid video disc centring ring of feedback mouth, with poly- The microwave feedback mouth wave transparent piece 1217 that tetrafluoroethene material makes passes through flange and screw and covers with arc flush seal, the magnetron 1219 pass through flange and screw sealed attachment with the waveguide 1218.

As shown in Fig. 2 assembling successively in the following order：Assembling mode is coordinated to be nested in down with dynamic 1208 lower end of central shaft In bearing assembly 1212；The concentrated solution is shed disk 1220 to be inserted in 1208 spline keyway of central shaft, lower end central shaft is pressed in At 1208 shaft shoulders；Lower positioning shaft sleeve 1209 is inserted in 1208 spline keyway of central shaft, concentrated solution is pressed in and is shed on disk 1220；Will The fixed axoid disc stack 1206 is positioned in being pressed in the flange seam of support cylinder 1221；By cone of revolution disc stack 1205 are inserted in 1208 spline keyway of central shaft, are pressed on lower positioning shaft sleeve 1209；By another fixed axoid disc stack 1206 are pressed on the fixed axoid disc stack 1206 for having installed below, then another cone of revolution disc stack 1205 is inserted in In 1208 spline keyway of central shaft, it is pressed on the cone of revolution disc stack 1205 for having installed below, alternately assembles in this way Each cone of revolution disc stack 1205 and fixed axoid disc stack 1206；Until being assembled to the top layer revolution cone of the top Face disc stack 1216 is inserted in 1208 spline keyway of central shaft, will be inserted in 1208 spline of central shaft by tightening round nut 1215 All part lockings in keyway；The fixed axoid disc stack 1206 of the top is by a upper centring ring and cylinder top cover 1214 compress, and 1208 upper end of central shaft coordinates assembling mode to be nested in upper bearing (metal) component 1202 with dynamic.

As shown in Fig. 2～Fig. 8, the fixed axoid video disc centring ring 12062 on the fixed axoid disc stack 1206 When outside diameter is D0, the interior Circular Aperture on fixed axoid video disc 12061 on the fixed axoid disc stack 1206：D1= (0.150～0.450) × D0, in the present embodiment preferably, D1=0.292D0；The height of the fixed axoid disc stack 1206 Degree：GH=(0.150～0.450) × D0, in the present embodiment preferably, GH=0.294D0；The fixed axoid video disc centring ring 12062 height：Gh=(0.200～0.550) × D0, in the present embodiment preferably, Gh=0.319D0；The top layer revolution 12161 upper end outside diameter of top layer cone of revolution video disc on conical surface disc stack 1216：D2=(0.650～0.920) × D0, In the present embodiment preferably, D2=0.834D0；Top layer cone of revolution video disc on the top layer cone of revolution disc stack 1216 12161 cone bottom outside diameters：D3=(0.150～0.400) × D0, in the present embodiment preferably, D3=0.235D0；The top The height of layer cone of revolution disc stack 1216：DH1=(0.150～0.450) × D0, in the present embodiment preferably, DH1= 0.272D0；12051 upper end outside diameter of cone of revolution video disc on the cone of revolution disc stack 1205：D4=(0.550 ～0.900) × D0, in the present embodiment preferably, D4=0.723D0；Revolution cone on the cone of revolution disc stack 1205 The cone of face video disc 12051 bottom outside diameter is also D3=(0.150～0.400) × D0, D3=in the present embodiment preferably 0.235D0；The height of the cone of revolution disc stack 1205：DH=(0.150～0.400) × D0, in the present embodiment preferably Ground, DH=0.223D0；The height of the cone of revolution video disc centring ring 12053：Dh=(0.200～0.500) × D0, this reality Apply in example preferably, Dh=0.311D0；1204 height of the cylinder：H=(1.500～4.500) × D0, it is excellent in the present embodiment Selection of land, H=2.698D0；The height of the support cylinder 1221：H=(0.300～2.000) × D0, in the present embodiment preferably Ground, h=0.575D0；The cone of revolution video disc 12051, top layer cone of revolution video disc 12161 and the fixed axoid video disc 12061 conical surfaces are β=30 °～60 °, β=47 ° with the angle of 1208 axis of central shaft in the present embodiment preferably.

The microwave frequency of the magnetron 1219 can select 2450MHz, or 915MHz, when feed liquid electricity damage value is larger or evaporation When measuring larger, 915MHz can be matched, typically match 2450MHz；Microwave rated power is configured：2450MHz, 2.7～20kW； 915MH, 5～120kW；Loaded using the pulse power, infrared sensor temperature of the measurement scope is 25～100 DEG C, by pulse electricity The pulsewidth and arteries and veins spacing in source continuously can be adjusted；The boil-off gas derive vacuum at adapter 1213 for 0.035～ 0.095MPa, is controlled by vacuum pump set adjustment；1,208 200～1450r.p.m. of the range of speeds of the central shaft, by frequency conversion motor Or servomotor speed regulating control.

The part that the multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge is contacted with microwave with gravity film forming microwave evaporation device 0112, except microwave is presented Mouth wave transparent piece 1217 is the excellent material of the electric conductivity such as other optional rustless steel, aluminum, copper, it is preferable that no outside politef Rust Steel material, such as rustless steel SUS304.

As shown in figure 9, the water fluid jet grind 0104 for plant superfine grinding includes：Top charging hierarchy 041, and under Portion's nozzle crushes structure 042, and top is fed hierarchy 041 and is connected by bolt seal with lower nozzle crushing structure 042, and Flat circular pipe type crushing chamber 0424 and blade classification 0414 structure of impact ring is formed, wherein, flat circular pipe type crushing chamber 0424 is wrapped Include multiinjector and converge disintegrating area, and uniform nozzle multiple spot tangential impact disintegrating area.

As shown in Fig. 9～Figure 14, the outer diameter of flat circular pipe type crushing chamber 0424 is D0, flat circular pipe type crushing chamber 0424 inner diameter be D1,0415 center circle diameter of feed opening be D2, lower substrate outside diameter be D3, blade classification impact ring 0414 internal diameter is D4, and 0411 internal diameter of charging adapter is Din, and discharge adapter internal diameter is Dout.

As shown in Fig. 9～Figure 10, top charging hierarchy 041, by charging adapter 0411, discharge adapter 0412, upper base Body 0413, blade is classified impact ring 0414 and feed opening 0415 is constituted, and wherein, blade is classified impact ring 0414 and is rushed by nozzle is converged Hit wall 0414a, uniform jet impact wall 0414b and tangential vane 0414c is constituted.

As shown in figure 11, feed adapter 0411 to be connected by bolt seal with upper matrix 0413,0411 position of charging adapter Determined by 0415 center circle diameter D2 of feed opening, D2=(0.80～0.87) × D0, it is preferable that D=0.84D0；Charging adapter 0411 diameter Din=(0.2～0.4) × (D0-D1), it is preferable that Din=0.23 × (D0-D1), D0 spans 300～ 1160mm。

As shown in Fig. 9, Figure 13 and Figure 14, the inner diameter of flat circular pipe type crushing chamber 0424 be D1 be D1=(0.55～ 0.75) × D0, it is preferable that D1=0.64D0.

As shown in figure 11, discharge adapter 0412 is located at the center of the circle of upper matrix 0413, and with upper matrix by being welded to connect, 0412 diameter Dout=(0.12～0.16) of discharge adapter × D0, it is preferable that Dout=0.13D0.

As shown in figure 11, blade classification impact ring 0414 and upper matrix 0413 are overall structure, blade classification impact ring 0414 internal diameter D4=(0.45～0.65) × D0, it is preferable that D4=0.54D0；Convergence nozzle in blade classification impact ring 0414 Impact wall 0414a 40 °～54 ° of arc length angle, it is preferable that 48 °, and from the different convergence nozzle 0423a for cutting angle, The axis of 0423b, 0423c and 0423d, is touched with wide-angle low-angle tangent；It is equal in blade classification impact ring 0414 Cloth jet impact wall 0414b is corresponding tangent with 0423 axis of uniform nozzle, uniform jet impact wall 0414b arc length angles 16 °～20 °, it is preferable that 18 °；Tangential vane 0414c's in blade classification impact ring 0414 cuts angle 25 °～50 °, preferably Ground, 30 °, 42 ° of tangential vane 0414c setting areas arc length angle, close to the tangential vane 0414c setting areas arc length of feed opening 0415 72 ° of angle；Tangential vane 0414c height h=(2.8～3.5) × (D0-D1), it is preferable that h=3.1 × (D0-D1)；Two are cut It is 3～6mm to the blade passage gap width of the alternate compositions of blade 0414c, it is preferable that 4mm.

As shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14, lower nozzle crushes structure 042, by nozzle plug 0421, annular high voltage water distribution room 0422nd, nozzle 0423a, 0423b, 0423c and 0423d, uniform nozzle 0423 is converged, and flat circular pipe type crushing chamber 0424, Pressure transducer 0425, lower substrate 0426 and water under high pressure access tube 0427 are constituted.

It is 10 °～20 ° that nozzle 0423a is converged with horizontal axis angle, it is preferable that 15 °, converges nozzle 0423b, 0423c Neighbour angle and 0423d between be 17 °～25 ° preferably, 20 °；The tangential angle beta of uniform nozzle 0423 is 50 °～75 °, excellent Selection of land, 62 °；Nozzle and uniform nozzle is converged, is connected in lower substrate 0426 by thread seal；Water under high pressure access tube 0427 is welded It is connected on 0426 cylindrical side wall of lower substrate, and communicates with annular high voltage water distribution room 0422.

As shown in Fig. 9 and Figure 14, the cross section of fluid channel size of flat circular pipe type crushing chamber 0424：Width B=0.5 × (D0- D1), height H=(0.15～0.35) × (D0-D1), it is preferable that H=0.2 (D0-D1).

It is that 3～7 throat diameters are 0.7～2.5mm High pressure water jet nozzles to converge nozzle, it is preferable that it is 4 to converge nozzle High pressure water jet nozzle of the individual throat diameter for 1mm；Multiple uniform nozzles are the height that 4～9 throat diameters are 0.7～2.5mm Pressure water jet nozzle, it is preferable that it is that 4 throat diameters are 1mm High pressure water jet nozzles to converge nozzle.

The crushing pressure of High pressure water jet nozzle is 5～30MPa, it is preferable that 7～12MPa.

Discharge adapter is connected with suction pump, and swabbing pressure makes flat circular pipe type crushing chamber by suction pump Serve Motor Control Back pressure in the range of 0.040～0.040MPa, it is preferable that in the range of 0.02～0.03MPa.Due to described ultra-fine for plant The water fluid jet grind of crushing with water as working media, if in crushing process, by high-pressure plunger pump continuously from extraction system Outer supplementary work Jie water, then can cause to affect distillation efficiency to the excessively dilution of fragrant source material.In this regard, extraction system be configured with from Centrifugal separator, forms high-pressure plunger pump, the water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding, centrifugal separator and delivery pump and closes Road is crushed and separating circuit, will be used for plant superfine grinding described in centrifugal separator detached heavy thing (containing coarse granule) return Water fluid jet grind, carries out continuous circulation and crushes；By centrifugal separator detached lightweight thing (containing fragrant source material and fine tobacco plant Grain) send into high-pressure plunger pump, as working media recycle, until the detached lightweight thing of centrifugal separator granularity reach it is flat During particle diameter about ＜ 5～l0 μm, heat exchanger preheating is transported in the form of wet colloidal sol, then is admitted to multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge Process is evaporated with gravity film forming microwave evaporation device upper end charge door.

The present invention carries out cell wall breaking crushing by the water fluid jet grind of plant superfine grinding to tobacco plant, to improve Nicotiana tabacum L. The dissolubility of fragrant source material；And will be dissolved with Nicotiana tabacum L. perfume source material with gravity film forming microwave evaporation device using multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge Solution dispersion uniformly thin layer, body phase is carried out to Film Flow by microwave exposure and is uniformly heated, replace it is traditional between Wall heats heat transfer type, or the heat transfer type on the direct Convective Heating film layer feed liquid surface of vapourss, eliminates water vapour to vaporizer The incremental contribution of interior gas phase, improves vacuum, to advantageously reduce the pressure on feed liquid film layer gas-liquid interface, strengthens volatility Component evaporation at low temperature, by being specifically designed for the water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding, and the multilamellar video disc Formula is centrifuged the coupling technique with the design of gravity film forming microwave evaporation device and auxiliary device configuration, forms a set of Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component Extraction system.

By the water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding, by the extraction raw material of Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, i.e. Nicotiana tabacum L. and Root, stem etc., under the impact and water wedge tension force and cavitation denudation of high-pressure water jet, superfine grinding to mean diameter about ＜ 5 ～l0 μm, make diameter about in the cell wall damage of the various tobacco plant cells of 10～100 μ m in size scopes, not only contribute to perfume (or spice) The polar component of source material is soluble in water, and under the violent turbulent flow emulsification of high-pressure water jet, is also beneficial to fragrant source thing Nonpolar (the oiliness or lipid) composition of matter is soluble in water.

As the water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding is with water as working media, if in crushing process, by height Hydraulic plunger pump continuously supplements work Jie's water from outside extraction system, then can cause the excessively dilution of fragrant source material is affected to steam Evaporate efficiency.In this regard, extraction system is configured with centrifugal separator, high-pressure plunger pump, the water-jet for plant superfine grinding is made Stream mill, centrifugal separator and delivery pump form closed-circuit pulverization and separating circuit, by centrifugal separator detached heavy thing (containing thick Grain) water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding is returned, carry out continuous circulation and crush；By centrifugal separator detached lightweight Thing (containing fragrant source material and fine tobacco plant granule) sends into high-pressure plunger pump, recycles as working media, until centrifugation When the granularity of the detached lightweight thing of seperator reaches mean diameter about ＜ 5～l0 μm, it is transported in the form of wet colloidal sol and is changed The preheating of hot device, then be admitted to multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and be evaporated process with gravity film forming microwave evaporation device upper end charge door.

As plant granule size contained in work Jie's water is small, and almost without abrasion, therefore high-pressure plunger is not resulted in Supercharging push rod abrasion of the pump with simple linear re-ciprocating motion as operation principle, and doping contact scar is produced to solution.Water-jet Stream grinds the very little that heats up in crushing process, will not produce heat affecting to fragrant source material.

During nappe flip length, some in tobacco plant are easy to the aroma type molecule escaped from liquid phase, due to The impact of high-pressure water jet and cavitation and produce volatilization, therefore in the row of the water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding Separator is set at material adapter, this part volatile aroma is fed directly to into condensation and gas-liquid point positioned at vaporising device back segment In device, trapped with Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component in the lump.

Nicotiana tabacum L. and root, stem of raw material etc. are extracted as Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, in the water-jet for plant superfine grinding Before stream pulverizing is broken, first water retting is used in agitator tank, produce Plant fiber certain swelling, so that water fluid jet grind is carried out efficiently Loosen crushing.

Crushed by a period of time cell wall breaking to the raw material such as Nicotiana tabacum L. and root, stem and the dissolution of fragrant source material is processed, Jing Filtering means dehydration device is admitted to by centrifugal separator detached heavy thing (containing coarse granule) carries out solid-liquid separation, and the slag charge of gained can It is integrated into utilizing, such as manufactures paper with pulp admixture as non-combustion type low-temperature cigarette sheathing paper, or as non-combustion type low-temperature cigarette combustion Carbonized stock of material element etc..

The multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming microwave evaporation device, with revolution and two groups of fixed inversion conical surfaces The coaxial alternate lamination setting structure of video disc, wherein, the alternate fixation of cone of revolution video disc group is rotated on center shaft.Work as material When liquid is sprayed onto on the inner surface of the cone of revolution video disc of the superiors, uniformly film layer is sprawled under the action of the centrifugal force；And The cylindrical place of the next layer fixed axoid video disc inner surface alternate with which is continued to flow under action of gravity, and then collects stream along the conical surface Move to fixed axoid video disc inner circle, period under gravity, is transformed on fixed axoid video disc inner surface upper berth uniform thin Film layer, until the inner circle fallen on the inner surface of the next layer of cone of revolution video disc alternate with which.In this way, solution from Under mental and physical efforts and weight effect, alternately uniform film layer is formed in revolution and two groups of fixed conical surface video disc inner surfacies.

Liquid film layer is thinner, faster by thermal evaporation, and film layer flow velocity can be improved, and evaporation capacity increases.Meanwhile, film layer quantity is got over Many, specific surface area is bigger, and evaporation capacity is also bigger.Therefore, the multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming microwave evaporation device, lead to Cross and alternately uniform film layer is formed in revolution and two groups of fixed a fairly large number of conical surface video disc inner surfacies, improve the steaming of feed liquid Send out efficiency.When one timing of medium and microwave source, absorption of the feed liquid film layer to microwave energy depends mainly on position residing for feed liquid film layer Put the microwave electric field intensity level at place, and water to be high electricity damage medium, microwave energy can be decayed rapidly in water, therefore, feed liquid thin film Microwave electric field intensity level in layer is significantly larger than the microwave electric field intensity level inside the deeper feed liquid of liquid level, and film layer is thinner, microwave energy The decay of amount is less, therefore, uniformly continuous feed liquid thin layer is remarkably improved its Absorption to microwave energy.

Due to the mode of heating of microwave exposure, instead of the heating steam being introduced directly in vaporizer, in vaporizer Gas phase is only the escaping gas produced by feed liquid evaporation, eliminates incremental contribution of the water vapour to gas phase in vaporizer, makes steaming Device is sent out under the swabbing action of vacuum pump set, vacuum is significantly improved, this contributes to reducing the pressure on feed liquid film layer gas-liquid interface Power, is beneficial to volatile component low-temperature evaporation in the range of 25～80 DEG C, can both improve the evaporation efficiency of feed liquid, reduce volatility The gas-liquid separation load of gas subsequent condensation, also reduces possible impact of the heat effect to volatile component quality excessively.

Using in microwave heating process, thermal inertia is little, the characteristic that controllability is good, by the pulsed irradiation loading control of microwave System, is more accurately controlled to evaporating temperature, further improves the quality of volatile component.

The gas phase perfume source material of the multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming microwave evaporation device is discharged, is drawn into cold Solidifying device and gas-liquid separation device, make fragrant source material with condensed moisture from the Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component of acquisition liquid.Condensation and gas-liquid Separate and can adopt high-efficiency condensation well known in the art and segregation apparatuss, such as screw pipework condensation device, membrane separator, chromatographic column point From device, macroporous resin separator etc..

Solution after evaporation and concentration, via the multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming microwave evaporation device lower end Discharge, as there is the fragrant source material of low saturated vapour pressure value containing some in concentrated solution, therefore can be used as producing tobacco extract Raw material is comprehensively utilized.

Embodiments of the invention are described above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but be the invention is not limited in above-mentioned concrete Embodiment, above-mentioned specific embodiment are only schematic, rather than restricted, one of ordinary skill in the art Under the enlightenment of the present invention, in the case of without departing from present inventive concept and scope of the claimed protection, can also make a lot Form, these are belonged within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. a kind of method that nappe flip length and centrifugation film microwave distillation extract Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, it is characterised in that include with Lower step：

S1, the extraction raw material of Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component after crushing is added in agitator tank, after adding water stirring, delivers to centrifugation Machine；

S3, the lightweight thing solution for separating acquisition after nappe flip length in step S2 is delivered to into multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and weight Power film forming microwave evaporation device upper end charge door, the microwave evaporation device include that microwave heating equipment, coaxial alternate lamination set The cone of revolution video disc put and fixed axoid video disc, wherein, cone of revolution video disc is fixed and is rotated on center shaft；Lightweight Cone of revolution video disc of the thing solution from the superiors, successively flow to undermost fixed axoid video disc, and period passes through microwave exposure Film Flow is heated, the fragrant source material of liquid phase is evaporated to into gas phase；

S4, gas phase perfume source material are aspirated into condenser, and are condensed into liquid together with water vapour with steam；Again Make fragrant source material with condensed moisture from the Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component of acquisition liquid by separator.

2. the method that nappe flip length according to claim 1 and centrifugation film microwave distillation extract Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, its It is characterised by, in step S2, by high-pressure plunger pump, water fluid jet grind, centrifugal separator and the delivery pump connection of crushing slurry Closed-circuit pulverization and separating circuit, the raw material in agitator tank is formed, centrifugal separator is delivered to by tobacco slurry delivery pump, separated Heavy thing afterwards is transported to water fluid jet grind；Lightweight thing solution after separation, is conveyed into high-pressure plunger pump, as working media Recycle.

3. the method that nappe flip length according to claim 2 and centrifugation film microwave distillation extract Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, its It is characterised by, the granularity of the subparticle in lightweight thing solution after centrifugal separator is separated reaches the setting of mean diameter and refers to Timestamp, the heavy thing after centrifugal separator is separated switch out closed-circuit pulverization and separating circuit, and heavy thing is delivered to filtering means dehydration dress Put.

4. the method that nappe flip length according to claim 2 and centrifugation film microwave distillation extract Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, its It is characterised by, the slurry after crushing obtains continuous circulation in closed-circuit pulverization with separating circuit and crushes, until by centrifugal separator When the subparticle granularity in lightweight thing solution after separation reaches the setting index of mean diameter, will be light by flow control valve Matter thing solution switches out closed-circuit pulverization and separating circuit, and is transported into evaporation slip preheater, and the lightweight thing after preheating is molten Liquid, then it is transported to multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming microwave evaporation device upper end charge door.

5. the method that nappe flip length according to claim 4 and centrifugation film microwave distillation extract Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, its It is characterised by, the evaporation slip preheater is connected with hot gas source.

6. the method that nappe flip length according to claim 1 and centrifugation film microwave distillation extract Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, its It is characterised by, the volatile aroma produced in the water fluid jet grind crushing process is delivered to the condenser positioned at vaporising device back segment Middle trapping.

7. the method that nappe flip length according to claim 1 and centrifugation film microwave distillation extract Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, its It is characterised by, the solution after evaporation and concentration, via the multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and the lower end of gravity film forming microwave evaporation device Discharge, then room temperature is cooled to by enriching slurry cooler.

8. the method that nappe flip length according to claim 7 and centrifugation film microwave distillation extract Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, its It is characterised by, the condenser and cooler are connected with handpiece Water Chilling Units.

9. the method that nappe flip length according to claim 1 and centrifugation film microwave distillation extract Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, its It is characterised by, in step S1, the extraction raw material of Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component is crushed to into granularity ＜ 10 by plant pulverizer Mesh, is added in agitator tank, then by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:(2～8) water is added, at normal temperatures 30～60min of impregnated raw material, period stirring Device is accomplished continuously or intermittently stirred with 0.2～1m/s of linear velocity.

10. the method that nappe flip length according to claim 1 and centrifugation film microwave distillation extract Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, its It is characterised by, in step S3, in microwave evaporation device, lightweight thing solution is in the range of 25～80 DEG C.