CN105433066A - Method for producing insect protein feed by treating excrements of livestock by virtue of Hermetia illucens - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for producing insect protein feed by using black soldier flies to treat livestock and poultry manure, comprising the following steps: a. Putting the male and female pupae of black soldier flies into a three-dimensional nylon gauze at the same time, and when emergence occurs Immediately put the feed basin and water basin into the net after adulthood; and place ovipositors in the net to collect black soldier fly eggs; After the eggs of black soldier flies hatch, they are cultivated to the 3rd instar larvae; c. The 3rd instar larvae are directly transferred to the treatment pool filled with livestock and poultry manure for manure disposal; d. Place insect collection barrels on the periphery of the treatment pool and put them into the collection tank. The mature larvae in the worm barrel are collected and killed, and then dried and crushed to obtain insect protein feed. This method not only solves the serious pollution problem of livestock and poultry manure, but also provides a high-quality insect protein feed, and promotes the effective utilization of insect protein in animal husbandry and aquaculture, making it one of the ways to solve the shortage of protein feed resources in my country.

Description

A method for producing insect protein feed by using black soldier flies to treat livestock and poultry manure

technical field

The invention relates to a method for producing insect protein feed by treating livestock and poultry manure with black soldier fly ( Hermetiaillucens ) insect larvae, in particular to a method for producing nutrient-rich insect protein while solving chicken manure or pig manure pollution through black soldier fly larvae method of feeding.

Background technique

With the rapid development of my country's animal husbandry and the implementation of the "Vegetable Basket Project" in large and medium-sized cities, the scale of livestock and poultry farms has become larger and larger. The country's large and medium-sized livestock and poultry farms have reached more than 10,000. And the total amount of feces exceeds 1.5 billion tons. These large amounts of feces are piled up around ponds or pig farms, seriously polluting the surrounding environment. For example, the accumulation of a large number of animal feces will breed germs, breed flies, spread putrefaction odors, and eutrophic pollution of water bodies. The larger the scale, the more pollution Seriously, environmental problems have greatly reduced the investment value of the breeding industry. Therefore, the management technology of livestock and poultry manure has become a key technology for the sustainable development model of the modern farming industry.

In order to solve the problem of manure pollution in the breeding industry, many manure treatment methods have been tested and promoted at home and abroad, such as drying method, microbial fermentation method and biogas method, etc., but some of these methods need to invest a lot of equipment and energy, and some treatment cycles Long, the processing effect is not satisfactory. In order to find a more effective method of manure treatment, scientists have proposed a control strategy to purify the surrounding environment by increasing the food chain, that is, using the scavenging characteristics of certain insects to convert livestock and poultry manure into high-quality insect protein feed, So as to realize the idea of harmless, reduction and resource utilization of waste.

The current situation of lack of high-quality protein resources affects feed quality and food safety, and has become the biggest problem restricting the development of my country's animal husbandry and aquaculture industry. The use of insects can not only digest a large amount of livestock and poultry manure in a short time, but also develop rich insect protein feed. Insects are the largest group in the animal kingdom, with a biomass more than 10 times that of all other animals (including humans). A large number of nutritional studies have proved that insects are rich in protein, less in fiber, rich in trace elements, and easy to absorb. They are the largest animal protein resources. Therefore, the research and development of livestock and poultry manure insect treatment system will effectively alleviate the two major problems of protein feed shortage and livestock and poultry manure pollution that currently plague the aquaculture industry. Feed production cost, and livestock manure can be treated with insects to become high-quality organic fertilizer, turning waste into treasure, turning harm into profit, killing two birds with one stone, which is of great significance to the resourceful and harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure in our country .

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing insect protein feed by using black soldier flies to treat livestock and poultry manure, which can provide a high-quality insect protein feed while solving the serious pollution problem of livestock and poultry manure, and further promote the production of insect protein in the production of insect protein feed. Effective utilization of animal husbandry and aquaculture.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a method of utilizing black soldier flies to process livestock and poultry manure to produce insect protein feed, comprising the following steps:

a. Put the male and female pupae of the Black Soldier Fly into the three-dimensional nylon gauze at the same time, keep the temperature at 23°C to 28°C, and immediately place the material basin and water basin with wet gauze pad surface after emerging adults Put it into the net; at the same time, place an ovipositor in the net to collect black soldier fly eggs;

b. Under the control of 23°C to 28°C, use a semi-artificial diet to hatch the black soldier fly eggs collected in step a, and cultivate them to the third instar larvae;

c. The 3rd instar larvae cultivated in step b are directly transferred to the treatment pool containing livestock and poultry manure with a water content of 70% to 80%, and the manure is disposed of at 20°C to 28°C;

d. Place an insect collection bucket on the periphery of the treatment pool, and when the 3rd instar larva grows for 10 to 15 days, collect the mature larvae entering the insect collection bucket, kill it with hot water or steam, and then dry it in the sun. The insect protein feed can be obtained by drying, air-drying or drying and pulverizing.

The ovipositor is a layered strip of paper wrapped in hard kraft paper.

The semi-artificial feed is composed of rice bran, flour, chicken manure or pig manure in a ratio of 1:1:5 by weight, and the humidity is kept at 45-55%.

The insect collection bucket is installed at the corner of each treatment pool, or at the junction of the two corners and two pools on the side connected to the operation channel; the side of the insect collection bucket should be slightly higher than the ground of the treatment pool, And form a slope with the ground.

The ivy plants that are conducive to the life and mating of adults after eclosion are planted in the net.

Add 2% sucrose in the described feed basin.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention can eliminate the problem of livestock and poultry feces polluting the environment, and at the same time use black soldier fly larvae to dispose of livestock and poultry manure to produce insect protein feed. farming" role. The insect protein feed obtained through the treatment of the present invention not only contains rich crude protein (>40%), crude fat (>30%) and amino acids, but also contains a large amount of Ca, Na, Fe, P, Mn and other minerals and vitamins B1, vitamin E, can be used as protein feed for pigs, chickens, fish and other animals, and can be stored for 5-7 months in a cool and dry room temperature.

detailed description

The present invention is described below by examples and tests, but it should not be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is limited to this, and any change in the meaning and scope equivalent to the claims of the present invention should be considered as being included in the claims of the present invention. within the scope of the request.

Embodiment one:

The insects used in this example are black soldier flies ( Hermetiaillucens ), and the treated manure is chicken manure. The specific steps are:

a. Put about 1,000 male and female pupae of black soldier flies into nylon gauze nets with length, width and height of 2.5m, 1.5m and 2m at the same time, and keep the temperature at 23°C to 28°C as much as possible. Plant Chinese ivy plants to facilitate the life and mating of adults after eclosion. After 7 to 10 days, when the emergence of adults appears, immediately put the material basin with wet gauze pad (2% sucrose can also be added) and Each of 3 water basins is put into the net to supplement sufficient feed and water for the adults to be mated, thereby increasing the amount of eggs they lay. At the same time, in the net, about 10 pieces of paper are wrapped into 5-layer thick strips with length and width of 25cm and 5cm waste hard kraft paper, so as to provide dry gaps to lay eggs for adults.

b. Mix rice bran, flour and chicken manure in a ratio of 1:1:5 by weight, and keep the humidity at about 50% to make semi-artificial feed. After the black soldier fly eggs hatch, they are rapidly cultured to the third instar larvae.

c. Transfer the 3rd instar larvae cultured in b directly to the treatment pool (brick-concrete structure, pond with an area of about 2.5m ² and a pool wall height of about 25cm) filled with wet chicken manure with a water content of 70% to 80%. The wall and the bottom are smoothed with mortar. The automatic insect collection bucket is installed at the corner of each treatment pool, or the insect collection bucket is set at the two corners of the side connecting with the operation channel and the insect collection bucket is placed at the connection between the two pools. Insect collection The side of the bucket should be slightly higher than the ground of the treatment pool, and form a certain slope with the ground. ), the feces are disposed of at 20°C to 28°C, and new feces can be continuously added during the treatment process, which is difficult to eliminate Clean up old materials or excrement in a timely manner.

d. When the black soldier fly larva is close to the mature state, it will leave the chicken manure pile (trough) and climb out of the pupa. According to this behavior, after 10 to 15 days of growth, the 3rd instar larvae will grow to 6 instar larvae After the larvae are cooked, they will automatically enter the insect collecting bucket along the pool wall, and then kill them with hot water or steam, and then dry them in the sun, air dry or dry them to get high-quality insect protein feed.

e. Analyze the nutritional components of the prepared insect protein feed.

e-1 Routine nutritional composition analysis

It can be seen from the following table 1 that the crude protein of the mature black soldier fly larva protein feed produced is 44.3%, and the total amino acid content is also relatively high, which is 42.6%, and the crude fat is 33.2%, which can well meet the needs of breeding. Nutritional needs of animals.

Table 1 Analysis of conventional nutritional components of protein feed for mature larvae of black soldier fly

index content(%) dry matter 94.62 crude protein 44.3 total amino acids 42.6 crude fat 33.2 crude fiber 7.0 crude ash 13.5 No nitrogen leach 2.6 Ca 5.3 P 1.4

e-2 Fatty Acid Analysis

It can be seen from Table 2 that the prepared insect protein feed has high content of fat and essential fatty acids, especially rich in lauric acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid, which can meet the needs of animals to synthesize their own body fat.

Table 2 Fatty acid analysis of protein feed for mature larvae of black soldier fly

index content(%) Myristic acid (C _14:0 ) 5.1 Palmitic Acid (C _16:0 ) 8.0 Lauric acid (C _12:0 ) 52.6 Stearic acid (C _{18: 0} ) 1.9 Oleic acid (C _{18: 1} ) 14.2 Linoleic acid (C _{18: 2} ) 9.2 Linolenic acid (C _18:3 ) 0.2 Erucic acid (C _{22: 1} ) * Wood tar acid (C _{24: 0} ) *

Note: "*" indicates that the content is too low and the result was not detected.

e-3 Amino Acid and Mineral Analysis

It can be seen from Table 3 and Table 4 that the insect protein feed made has a relatively comprehensive amino acid composition, which contains high levels of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, leucine, alanine, and a large amount of Ca , K, Mg, P, Fe and other minerals. Therefore, this kind of protein, as a feed source for farmed animals, will help supplement the lack of minerals in the feed and give full play to the utility of the feed.

Table 3 Amino acid analysis of protein feed for mature larvae of black soldier fly

index content(%) Aspartic acid (Asp) 4.71 Threonine (Thr) 1.79 Serine (Ser) 1.78 Glutamic acid (Glu) 5.47 Glycine (Gly) 2.63 Alanine (Ala) 3.03 Valine (Val) 2.94 Methionine (Met) 0.81 Isoleucine (Ile) 2.09 Leucine (Leu) 3.23 Tyrosine (Tyr) 2.82 Phenylalanine (Phe) 2.16 Lysine (Lys) 3 Histidine (His) 1.9 Arginine (Arg) 1.77 Proline (Pro) 2.44 combine count 42.6

Table 4 Mineral Analysis of Black Soldier Fly Mature Larvae Protein Feed

index Content (%, ug/g) K 0.70% Mg 0.34% mn 0.03% Fe 0.15% Cu 0.0006% Zn 0.012 % Sr 0.005% Na 0.12% Ca 5.3% P 1.4%

f. The mature larvae of the black soldier fly can be dried, air-dried or dried and pulverized to obtain high-quality insect protein feed. Store in a cool and dry place after packaging, and can be stored for 5-7 months at room temperature.

g. The high-quality insect protein feed made from step f can be used as feed for pigs, chickens, and fish.

Embodiment two:

The insects used in this example are black soldier flies ( Hermetiaillucens ), and the treated feces are pig manures. The specific steps are:

a. Put about 1,000 male and female pupae of black soldier flies into nylon gauze nets with length, width and height of 2.5m, 1.5m and 2m at the same time, and keep the temperature at 23°C to 28°C as much as possible. Chinese ivy plants are planted to facilitate the life and mating of adults after eclosion. After 7 to 10 days, when the emergence of adults appears, the material basin (containing 2% sucrose) and the water basin with wet gauze pad surface are placed immediately. Three of them are put into the net to supplement enough feed and water for the adults to mate, thereby increasing the amount of eggs they lay. At the same time, in the net, about 10 pieces of paper are wrapped into 5-layer thick strips with length and width of 25cm and 5cm waste hard kraft paper, so as to provide dry gaps to lay eggs for adults.

b. Mix bran, flour and pig manure in a ratio of 1:1:5 by weight, keep the humidity at about 50% to make semi-artificial feed, and collect the ingredients in a under the control of 23°C to 28°C After the black soldier fly eggs hatch, they are rapidly cultured to the third instar larvae.

c. Transfer the 3rd instar larvae cultivated in b directly to the treatment pool (brick-concrete structure, pond with an area of about 2.5m ² and a pool wall height of about 25cm) filled with wet pig manure with a water content of 70% to 80%. The wall and the bottom are smoothed with mortar. The automatic insect collection bucket is installed at the corner of each treatment pool, or the insect collection bucket is set at the two corners of the side connecting with the operation channel and the insect collection bucket is placed at the connection between the two pools. Insect collection The side of the bucket should be slightly higher than the ground of the treatment pool, and form a certain slope with the ground. ), the feces are disposed of at 20°C to 28°C, and new feces can be continuously added during the treatment process, which is difficult to eliminate Clean up old materials or excrement in a timely manner.

d. When the black soldier fly larva is close to the mature state, it will leave the pig manure pile (trough) and climb out of the pupation. According to this behavior habit, after 10 to 15 days of growth, the 3rd instar larvae will grow to 6 instar larvae After the larvae are cooked, they will automatically enter the insect collecting bucket along the pool wall, and then kill them with hot water or steam, and then dry them in the sun, air dry or dry them to get high-quality insect protein feed.

e. The mature larvae of the black soldier fly can be dried, air-dried or dried and pulverized to obtain high-quality insect protein feed. Store in a cool and dry place after packaging, and can be stored for 5-7 months at room temperature.

f. The high-quality insect protein feed made from step e can be used as feed for pigs, chickens, and fish.

The insect protein feed produced from the livestock and poultry manure produced by the black soldier flies in the above example can be stored for 5 to 7 months, and the color of the finished product is dark brown, slightly golden. This product can partially replace imported fishmeal protein feed: it can replace 70%-80% imported fishmeal in the basic diet of pigs; it can replace 60%-70% imported fishmeal in fish bait without affecting its growth and development.

Claims (6)

1. utilize black soldier flies to dispose a method for feces of livestock and poultry production insect protein feed, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

A. the quantity such as the hero of black soldier flies, female pupa are put into three-dimensional nylon gauze simultaneously, keep temperature to be 23 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C, after there is emerging adult, immediately the feed basin and basin that are placed with wet gauze pad face are put into net; Meanwhile, in net, place oopod and collect black soldier flies ovum;

B. under the control of 23 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C of conditions, with meridic diet, by after the black soldier flies egg hatching collected in step a, 3 instar larvaes are cultured to;

C. being transferred directly to by 3 instar larvaes cultured in step b and water content is housed is in the treatment pond of the feces of livestock and poultry of 70% ~ 80%, under 20 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C conditions, carry out ight soil disposal;

D. place in the periphery of described treatment pond and receive worm bucket, after 3 instar larvaes grow 10 days ~ 15 days, collecting entering the mature larva received in worm bucket, being killed with hot water or steam, then dry, air-dry or dry pulverizing and can obtain insect protein feed.

2. a kind of method utilizing black soldier flies to dispose feces of livestock and poultry production insect protein feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the sandwich ribbon paper block that described oopod hard brown paper is wrapped up.

3. a kind of method utilizing black soldier flies to dispose feces of livestock and poultry production insect protein feed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described meridic diet is made up of 1: 1: the 5 ratio mixing by weight of rice bran, flour, chicken manure or pig manure, and humidity remains on 45-55%.

4. a kind of method utilizing black soldier flies to dispose feces of livestock and poultry production insect protein feed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described receipts worm bucket is arranged on the corner of each treatment pond, or is arranged on the connecting place in one side Liang Jiao and two pond connected with operating walk way; The barrel rim of described receipts worm bucket will slightly exceed treatment pond ground, and forms the gradient with ground.

5. according to claim 1ly a kind ofly utilize black soldier flies to dispose feces of livestock and poultry to produce the method for insect protein feed, it is characterized in that, in net plantation be conducive to sprouting wings after the life of adult and the ivy plant of mating.

6. a kind of method utilizing black soldier flies to dispose feces of livestock and poultry production insect protein feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, be added with the sucrose of 2% in described feed basin.