CN105432648A - 一种除草组合物 - Google Patents
一种除草组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105432648A CN105432648A CN201510969448.9A CN201510969448A CN105432648A CN 105432648 A CN105432648 A CN 105432648A CN 201510969448 A CN201510969448 A CN 201510969448A CN 105432648 A CN105432648 A CN 105432648A
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- fluroxypyr
- nicosulfuron
- bromoxynil octanoate
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/36—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< directly attached to at least one heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
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- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种除草组合物,由有效成分a和有效成分b以及助剂组成,有效成分a为辛酰溴苯腈,有效成分b选自氯氟吡氧乙酸或烟嘧磺隆中的一种,有效成分a与有效成分b的重量比为1:20~20:1,有效成分a与有效成分b重量总和在组合物中重量百分比为1%~90%;本发明除草组合物用于防除玉米田一年生杂草,防治效果比单剂有明显的增效作用,且降低了农药的使用剂量,降低了用药成本,延长了药剂的使用寿命,减少了农药对生态环境的不利影响。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药技术领域,具体涉及一种以辛酰溴苯腈和氯氟吡氧乙酸(或烟嘧磺隆)为有效成分的协同增效除草组合物,适用于防除玉米田一年生杂草。
背景技术
辛酰溴苯腈(Bromoxyniloctanoate)为选择性苗后茎叶处理触杀型除草剂,主要由叶片吸收,在植物体内进行极有限的传导,通过抑制光合作用的各个过程,包括抑制光合磷酸化反应和电子传递,特别是光合作用的希尔反应,使植物组织迅速坏死,从而达到杀草目的,气温较高时加速叶片枯死,对玉米田蓼、藜、苋、麦瓶草、龙葵、苍耳、田旋花等多种阔叶杂草高效。
氯氟吡氧乙酸(Fluroxypyr)或氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯(Fluroxypyr-meptyl)为吡啶氧乙酸类除草剂,是激素型除草剂,可被植物的叶片和根吸收传导,使植株畸形、扭曲死亡,主要防除一年生阔叶杂草,对禾本科杂草无效。氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯适用于禾本科作物田和果林茶地防除阔叶杂草如猪殃殃、繁缕、田旋花、马齿苋、水花生、铁苋菜等阔叶杂草。
烟嘧磺隆(Nicosulfuron)属于磺酰脲类除草剂,作为高效的玉米除草剂,烟嘧磺隆在低剂量芽后使用,能有效地防除玉米田中多种一年生禾本科杂草,小部分阔叶杂草及莎草科杂草,其被叶和根迅速吸收,并通过木质部和韧皮部迅速传导,通过抑制乙酰乳酸合成酶来阻止支链氨基酸的合成,施用后杂草立即停止生长,4~5天新叶褪色、坏死,并逐步扩展到整个植株,一般条件下处理后20~25天植株死亡。玉米对该药有较好的耐药性,处理后出现暂时褪绿或轻微的发育迟缓,但一般能迅速恢复而且不减产。
不同农药品种的混配,是防除农业抗性病虫草害的常见方法。通过农药配方筛选,筛选出合理的配方,可有效提高实际防除效果,减少用药量,降低成本,延缓病虫草害抗药性的产生,是农业综合治理的重要手段。本发明人对辛酰溴苯腈和氯氟吡氧乙酸(或烟嘧磺隆)的配方筛选进行了深入研究,发现辛酰溴苯腈和氯氟吡氧乙酸(或烟嘧磺隆)进行混配,在一定的混配比例范围对杂草有增效或相加作用,可有效地防除玉米田一年生杂草。经进一步研究,完成了本发明。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决现有技术中对农田杂草产生抗药性问题及提升药效,提供一种高效、低毒、环保,有利于农田杂草综合治理的除草组合物。
本发明的另一目的是提供将该除草组合物用于防除农田杂草,尤其用于防除玉米田一年生杂草等。
技术方案:一种除草组合物,由有效成分a和有效成分b以及助剂组成,有效成分a为辛酰溴苯腈,有效成分b选自氯氟吡氧乙酸或烟嘧磺隆中的一种,有效成分a与有效成分b的重量比为1:20~20:1,有效成分a与有效成分b重量总和在组合物中重量百分比为1%~90%,其余为农药制剂中允许使用和可以接受的农药助剂。
本发明除草组合物用已知的方法制备成适合农业上使用的任意一种剂型,如水分散粒剂、可湿性粉剂、悬浮剂、油悬浮剂等剂型。
本发明除草组合物中使用的助剂包括溶剂、乳化剂、润湿剂、稳定剂、分散剂、增稠剂、pH调节剂、消泡剂、防冻剂、填料剂等有益于有效成分在制剂中稳定和发挥药效的已知物质,都是农药制剂中常用或允许使用的各种成分,具体成分和用量根据配方要求通过试验确定。
本发明所描述的产物可以成品制剂的形式提供,即组合物中各物质已经混合,组合物的成分也可以单剂的形式提供,使用前直接在罐或桶中混合,然后稀释至所需要的浓度。本发明组合物的施用频率和施用量随天气状况和杂草情况变化而变化,可以通过使用适当的剂量达到防除的目的。
本发明组合物适用于防除农田杂草,尤其适用于玉米田一年生杂草。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:
1、两种有效成分混配具有明显的增效作用,提高了防除效果,减少了农药使用量,降低了成本和对环境的污染;
2、两种有效成分的组合,扩大了除草谱,同时两种有效成分作用机制不同,可以克服单剂容易产生抗性的缺点,延长药剂的使用寿命。组合物的应用能延缓或克服杂草抗药性的产生,有利于农业综合治理。扩大了防除谱;
3、本发明提供的农药组合物,对作物安全。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加简洁明了,本发明用以下具体实施例进行说明,但本发明绝非仅限于这些例子。以下所述仅为本发明较好的实施例,仅仅用于描述本发明,不能理解为对本发明的范围的限制。应当指出的是,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所做的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
首先,简述本发明的实质,一种除草组合物,有效成分a和有效成分b以及助剂组成,有效成分a为辛酰溴苯腈,有效成分b选自氯氟吡氧乙酸或烟嘧磺隆中的一种,有效成分a与有效成分b的重量比为1:20~20:1,有效成分a与有效成分b重量总和在组合物中重量百分比为1%~90%,其余为农药助剂。
根据Gowing法评价除草剂联合方式(NY/T1155.7-2006),其公式如下:
式中:
X为辛酰溴苯腈以某剂量单用时对靶标杂草的鲜重抑制率;
Y为选自氯氟吡氧乙酸或烟嘧磺隆以某剂量单用时对靶标杂草的鲜重抑制率;
E0为辛酰溴苯腈、选自氯氟吡氧乙酸或烟嘧磺隆两种药剂混用时对靶标杂草鲜重抑制率的理论值或预期值;
E为辛酰溴苯腈、选自氯氟吡氧乙酸或烟嘧磺隆两种药剂混用时对靶标杂草鲜重抑制率为对照的实测值或观测值。
评价标准:当E﹣E0>10%时,表示为协同增效作用;当﹣10%≤E﹣E0≤10%时,表现为协同相加作用;当E﹣E0<﹣10%时,表现为协同拮抗作用。
实施例一:辛酰溴苯腈、氯氟吡氧乙酸对苘麻(Abutilontheophrasti,ABUTH)、反枝苋(Amaranthusretroflexus,AMARE)、铁苋菜(Acalyphaaustralis,ACAAU)室内毒力测定。
表一、药后15天辛酰溴苯腈、氯氟吡氧乙酸及其复配对温室中芽期苘麻(Abutilontheophrasti,ABUTH)、反枝苋(Amaranthusretroflexus,AMARE)、铁苋菜(Acalyphaaustralis,ACAAU)的控制结果。
根据Colby法评价除草剂联合方式,表一数据显示,辛酰溴苯腈、氯氟吡氧乙酸二元组合对ACAAU增效作用显著,E-E0值均大于20%。
实施例二:辛酰溴苯腈、烟嘧磺隆及其复配对苘麻(Abutilontheophrasti,ABUTH)、反枝苋(Amaranthusretroflexus,AMARE)、铁苋菜(Acalyphaaustralis,ACAAU)室内毒力测定。
表二、药后15天辛酰溴苯腈、烟嘧磺隆及其复配对温室中芽期苘麻(Abutilontheophrasti,ABUTH)、反枝苋(Amaranthusretroflexus,AMARE)、铁苋菜(Acalyphaaustralis,ACAAU)的控制结果。
根据Colby法评价除草剂联合方式,表二数据显示,辛酰溴苯腈、烟嘧磺隆二元组合对苘麻(Abutilontheophrasti,ABUTH)、反枝苋(Amaranthusretroflexus,AMARE)、铁苋菜(Acalyphaaustralis,ACAAU)增效作用显著,E-E0值均大于20%。
实施例三:(辛酰溴苯腈·氯氟吡氧乙酸水分散粒剂)
将上述物料一起加入锥形混合机中混合均匀,后经气流粉碎机粉碎,粉碎后的物料再经锥形混合机混合,混合后的物料细度98%通过600目标准筛,加入捏合机中捏合成可塑性物料,最后将此物料放入挤压造粒机中挤压造粒,造粒后经干燥、筛分后即制得相应重量百分比的辛酰溴苯腈·氯氟吡氧乙酸水分散粒剂。
实施例四:(辛酰溴苯腈·烟嘧磺隆水分散粒剂)
将上述物料一起加入锥形混合机中混合均匀,后经气流粉碎机粉碎,粉碎后的物料再经锥形混合机混合,混合后的物料细度98%通过600目标准筛,加入捏合机中捏合成可塑性物料,最后将此物料放入挤压造粒机中挤压造粒,造粒后经干燥、筛分后即制得相应重量百分比的辛酰溴苯腈·烟嘧磺隆水分散粒剂。
实施例五:(辛酰溴苯腈·氯氟吡氧乙酸可湿性粉剂)
将上述物料一起加入锥形混合机中混合均匀,后经气流粉碎机粉碎,粉碎后的物料再经锥形混合机混合,混合后的物料细度98%通过600目标准筛,即得相应重量百分比的辛酰溴苯腈·氯氟吡氧乙酸可湿性粉剂。
实施例六:(辛酰溴苯腈·烟嘧磺隆可湿性粉剂)
将上述物料一起加入锥形混合机中混合均匀,后经气流粉碎机粉碎,粉碎后的物料再经锥形混合机混合,混合后的物料细度98%通过600目标准筛,即得相应重量百分比的辛酰溴苯腈·烟嘧磺隆可湿性粉剂。
实施例七:(辛酰溴苯腈·氯氟吡氧乙酸悬浮剂)
将上述配方按比例进行预先粉碎,再加入砂磨机中研磨,经高剪切混合后调配制得到相应重量百分比的辛酰溴苯腈·氯氟吡氧乙酸悬浮剂。
实施例八:(辛酰溴苯腈·烟嘧磺隆悬浮剂)
将上述配方按比例进行预先粉碎,再加入砂磨机中研磨,经高剪切混合后调配制得到相应重量百分比的辛酰溴苯腈·烟嘧磺隆悬浮剂。
实施例九:(辛酰溴苯腈·氯氟吡氧乙酸油悬浮剂)
将上述物料(有机膨润土除外)一起加入到反应釜混合机中,搅拌2小时,打开釜底入料阀,将物料注入多级砂磨机中研磨,研磨后的物料细度98%通过1-5um后出料,物料再与事先溶解好的有机膨润土一起放入高剪切乳化釜中,乳化后即可制成流到性良好的相应重量百分比的辛酰溴苯腈·氯氟吡氧乙酸油悬浮剂。
实施例十:(辛酰溴苯腈·烟嘧磺隆油悬浮剂)
将上述物料(有机膨润土除外)一起加入到反应釜混合机中,搅拌2小时,打开釜底入料阀,将物料注入多级砂磨机中研磨,研磨后的物料细度98%通过1-5um后出料,物料再与事先溶解好的有机膨润土一起放入高剪切乳化釜中,乳化后即可制成流到性良好的相应重量百分比的辛酰溴苯腈·烟嘧磺隆油悬浮剂。
实施例十一:辛酰溴苯腈、选自氯氟吡氧乙酸或烟嘧磺隆除草剂组合物防除春玉米田一年生杂草田间药效试验。
试验地点位于辽宁省盘锦市盘山县太平镇,春玉米田一年生杂草包括但不仅限于苘麻(Abutilontheophrasti,ABUTH)、反枝苋(Amaranthusretroflexus,AMARE)、铁苋菜(Acalyphaaustralis,ACAAU)、田旋花(Convolvulusarvensis,CONAR)。
表三、辛酰溴苯腈、氯氟吡氧乙酸除草剂组合物对太平镇春玉米田一年生杂草田间药效试验结果
实施例十二:辛酰溴苯腈和烟嘧磺隆除草剂组合物防除夏玉米田一年生杂草田间药效试验。
试验地点位于安徽省阜南县方集镇小张湾村,夏玉米田一年生杂草包括但不仅限于苘麻(Abutilontheophrasti,ABUTH)、反枝苋(Amaranthusretroflexus,AMARE)、铁苋菜(Acalyphaaustralis,ACAAU)、田旋花(Convolvulusarvensis,CONAR)。
表四、辛酰溴苯腈、选自氯氟吡氧乙酸或烟嘧磺隆除草剂组合物对方集镇夏玉米田一年生杂草田间药效试验结果
Claims (3)
1.一种除草组合物,其特征在于:由有效成分a和有效成分b以及助剂组成,有效成分a为辛酰溴苯腈,有效成分b选自氯氟吡氧乙酸或烟嘧磺隆中的一种,有效成分a与有效成分b的重量比为1:20~20:1,有效成分a与有效成分b重量总和在组合物中重量百分比为1%~90%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种除草组合物,其特征在于:所述除草组合物的剂型是水分散粒剂、可湿性粉剂、悬浮剂、油悬浮剂中的一种。
3.权利要求1所述的一种除草组合物,其特征在于:用于防除玉米田一年生杂草。
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CN106417339A (zh) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-22 | 陕西上格之路生物科学有限公司 | 一种三元除草组合物 |
CN116035011A (zh) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-05-02 | 青岛金尔农化研制开发有限公司 | 一种除草组合物、除草剂及其在百合科作物田中的应用 |
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CN106417339A (zh) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-22 | 陕西上格之路生物科学有限公司 | 一种三元除草组合物 |
CN116035011A (zh) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-05-02 | 青岛金尔农化研制开发有限公司 | 一种除草组合物、除草剂及其在百合科作物田中的应用 |
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