CN105425196B - A kind of auto testing instrument being applied to intelligent electric meter production line - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种应用于智能电表生产线的自动测试仪,所述测试仪包括CF存储卡、面部肤色检测设备、血糖检测设备、血氧饱和度检测设备和AVR32芯片,所述CF存储卡预先存储了四种肤色均值区间和四种血氧饱和度区间,所述血糖检测设备用于对被测人员的血糖数据进行检测,所述AVR32芯片将所述面部肤色检测设备和所述血氧饱和度检测设备的检测结果分别与所述CF存储卡的内容进行匹配,以分别确定被测人员的肤色等级和血氧饱和度等级。通过本发明,能够更准确地对被测人员的多个生理参数进行分析和预警。
The invention relates to an automatic tester applied to a smart meter production line. The tester includes a CF memory card, facial skin color detection equipment, blood sugar detection equipment, blood oxygen saturation detection equipment and an AVR32 chip. The CF memory card pre-stores Four skin color mean intervals and four blood oxygen saturation intervals are provided. The blood sugar detection device is used to detect the blood sugar data of the person being tested. The AVR32 chip combines the facial skin color detection device and the blood oxygen saturation The detection results of the detection device are matched with the contents of the CF memory card to respectively determine the skin color level and blood oxygen saturation level of the tested person. Through the present invention, it is possible to more accurately analyze and pre-warn multiple physiological parameters of the measured person.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电表生产领域,尤其涉及一种应用于智能电表生产线的自动测试仪。The invention relates to the field of electric meter production, in particular to an automatic tester applied to a smart electric meter production line.
背景技术Background technique
智能电表生产线的工作强度非常大,人员经常处于高强度劳动,因此身体状态经常处于亚健康。正常人体动脉血的血氧饱和度为98%,静脉血为75%。人体的新陈代谢过程是生物氧化过程,而新陈代谢过程中所需要的氧,是通过呼吸系统进入人体血液,与血液红细胞中的血红蛋白(Hb),结合成氧合血红蛋白(HbO2),再输送到人体各部分组织细胞中去。血液携带输送氧气的能力即用血氧饱和度来衡量。由此可见,血氧饱和度的实时监测在临床救护中非常重要。The work intensity of the smart meter production line is very high, and the personnel are often in high-intensity labor, so their physical condition is often sub-healthy. The blood oxygen saturation of normal human arterial blood is 98%, and that of venous blood is 75%. The metabolic process of the human body is a biological oxidation process, and the oxygen needed in the metabolic process enters the human blood through the respiratory system, combines with the hemoglobin (Hb) in the blood red blood cells to form oxyhemoglobin (HbO 2 ), and then transports it to the human body In each part of the tissue cells. The ability of blood to carry and transport oxygen is measured by blood oxygen saturation. It can be seen that real-time monitoring of blood oxygen saturation is very important in clinical rescue.
现有技术中对血氧饱和度测量方法主要是先进行人体采血,再利用血气分析仪进行电化学分析,测出血氧分压计算出血氧饱和度。这种方法比较麻烦,且不能进行连续的监测。现有技术中还存在一些指套式光电传感器,测量时,只需将传感器套在人手指上,利用手指作为盛装血红蛋白的透明容器,使用波长660nm的红光和940nm的近红外光作为射入光源,测定通过组织床的光传导强度,来计算血红蛋白浓度及血氧饱和度。The blood oxygen saturation measurement method in the prior art is mainly to first collect blood from the human body, and then use a blood gas analyzer to perform electrochemical analysis, measure blood oxygen partial pressure and calculate blood oxygen saturation. This method is cumbersome and cannot be monitored continuously. There are still some finger cot photoelectric sensors in the prior art. When measuring, you only need to put the sensor on the human finger, use the finger as a transparent container for hemoglobin, and use red light with a wavelength of 660nm and near-infrared light with a wavelength of 940nm as the incident light. The light source measures the intensity of light transmission through the tissue bed to calculate hemoglobin concentration and oxygen saturation.
但是,现有技术中的血氧饱和度检测方案都存在以下缺陷:只能对血氧饱和度进行检测,检测的对象比较单一;检测机制落后,结构冗余度过高,精度满足不了日趋增加的精度需求;尤为重要的是,对血氧饱和度的检测机理唯一化,只能通过一个因素来确定血氧饱和度,检测过程不够科学。However, the blood oxygen saturation detection schemes in the prior art all have the following defects: only blood oxygen saturation can be detected, and the detection object is relatively single; the detection mechanism is backward, the structure redundancy is too high, and the accuracy cannot meet the increasing Accuracy requirements; most importantly, the detection mechanism of blood oxygen saturation is unique, only one factor can be used to determine blood oxygen saturation, and the detection process is not scientific enough.
因此,本发明提出了一种应用于智能电表生产线的自动测试仪,能够改善落后的血氧饱和度检测仪器的结构,将血糖检测融入到血氧饱和度检测中,拓宽检测的生理参数的范围,提高血氧饱和度的检测精度,另外,还能够将光电传感技术和图像识别技术结合确定血氧饱和度的浓度,从而,从整体上改善血氧饱和度仪器的检测效果。Therefore, the present invention proposes an automatic tester applied to the smart meter production line, which can improve the structure of the outdated blood oxygen saturation detection instrument, integrate blood glucose detection into blood oxygen saturation detection, and broaden the range of physiological parameters detected , improve the detection accuracy of blood oxygen saturation, in addition, it can also combine photoelectric sensing technology and image recognition technology to determine the concentration of blood oxygen saturation, thereby improving the detection effect of blood oxygen saturation instruments as a whole.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决现有技术存在的技术问题,本发明提供了一种应用于智能电表生产线的自动测试仪,优化当前的血氧饱和度检测仪器的结构,将血糖检测融入血氧饱和度检测中,提高血氧饱和度的检测精度,同时,采用有针对性的图像识别技术对被测人员的肤色进行识别,将肤色作为血氧饱和度检测的因素之一,使得血氧饱和度的检测结果不易受单一因素的干扰。In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic tester applied to the smart meter production line, optimizes the structure of the current blood oxygen saturation detection instrument, integrates blood sugar detection into the blood oxygen saturation detection, and improves The detection accuracy of blood oxygen saturation, at the same time, using targeted image recognition technology to identify the skin color of the tested person, using skin color as one of the factors for blood oxygen saturation detection, makes the detection result of blood oxygen saturation less sensitive Interference by a single factor.
根据本发明的一方面,提供了一种应用于智能电表生产线的自动测试仪,所述测试仪包括CF存储卡、面部肤色检测设备、血糖检测设备、血氧饱和度检测设备和AVR32芯片,所述CF存储卡预先存储了四种肤色均值区间和四种血氧饱和度区间,所述血糖检测设备用于对被测人员的血糖数据进行检测,所述AVR32芯片将所述面部肤色检测设备和所述血氧饱和度检测设备的检测结果分别与所述CF存储卡的内容进行匹配,以分别确定被测人员的肤色等级和血氧饱和度等级。According to one aspect of the present invention, an automatic tester applied to a smart meter production line is provided, the tester includes a CF memory card, facial skin color detection equipment, blood sugar detection equipment, blood oxygen saturation detection equipment and an AVR32 chip, the The CF memory card pre-stores four kinds of skin color mean ranges and four kinds of blood oxygen saturation ranges, the blood sugar detection device is used to detect the blood sugar data of the person under test, and the AVR32 chip combines the facial skin color detection device and The detection results of the blood oxygen saturation detection device are respectively matched with the contents of the CF memory card to determine the skin color level and blood oxygen saturation level of the tested person respectively.
更具体地,在所述一种应用于智能电表生产线的自动测试仪中,包括:CF存储卡,预先存储了预设比例系数、预设肤色权重、预设血氧饱和度权重、预设权衡下限阈值、预设权衡上限阈值和面部灰度范围,所述面部灰度范围用于将图像中的人体面部与背景分离,所述CF存储卡还预先存储了四种肤色均值区间和四种血氧饱和度区间,所述四种肤色均值区间分别对应四种肤色等级,所述四种血氧饱和度区间分别对应四种血氧饱和度等级;图像采集设备包括半球形透明罩、辅助照明子设备和CMOS摄像头,所述半球形透明罩用于容纳所述辅助照明子设备和所述CMOS摄像头,所述辅助照明子设备为所述CMOS摄像头的拍摄提供辅助照明,所述CMOS摄像头对被测人员面部拍摄以获得被测人员面部图像;面部肤色检测设备包括自适应递归滤波子设备、中值滤波子设备、尺度变换增强子设备、目标分割子设备、肤色等级识别子设备和肤色提取子设备;所述自适应递归滤波子设备与所述CMOS摄像头连接,用于对所述被测人员面部图像采用自适应递归滤波处理,以滤除所述被测人员面部图像中的高斯噪声,获得自适应递归滤波图像;所述中值滤波子设备与所述自适应递归滤波子设备连接,用于对所述自适应递归滤波图像执行中值滤波处理,以滤除所述自适应递归滤波图像中的散射成分,获得中值滤波图像;所述尺度变换增强子设备与所述中值滤波子设备连接,用于对所述中值滤波图像执行尺度变换增强处理,以增强图像中目标与背景的对比度,获得增强图像;所述目标分割子设备与所述尺度变换增强子设备和所述CF存储卡分别连接,将所述增强图像中像素灰度值在所述面部灰度范围内的所有像素组成面部子图像,所述面部子图像从所述被测人员面部图像的背景处分离获得;所述肤色提取子设备与所述目标分割子设备连接,针对面部子图像,将其所有像素的亮度累加并除以其所有像素的数量以获得目标肤色均值;所述肤色等级识别子设备与所述肤色提取子设备和所述CF存储卡分别连接,将所述目标肤色均值与四种肤色均值区间匹配,输出匹配的肤色均值区间所对应的肤色等级作为目标肤色等级输出;酶电极传感器,包括参比电极、对极电极和工作电极三个电极,工作电极上固定有葡萄糖氧化酶,其中,当被测人员的被测血样滴落在工作电极的测试区域时,工作电极上固定的葡萄糖氧化酶与被测血样中的葡萄糖发生化学反应,工作电极上的响应电流与被测血样中的葡萄糖浓度呈线性关系;放大电路,与所述酶电极传感器连接,用于接收并放大工作电极上的响应电流;低通滤波器,与所述放大电路连接,用于接收并滤除响应电流中的高频成分;发光二极管,设置在被测人员手指指尖毛细血管位置,与光源驱动电路连接,用于基于光源驱动电路发送的发光控制信号,交替发射红外光和红光;光源驱动电路,内置定时器,用于向所述发光二极管发送发光控制信号;光电转换器,设置在被测人员手指指尖上,位于所述发光二极管的相对位置,用于接收透射被测人员手指指尖毛细血管后的红外光和红光,并将透射红外光和透射红光分别转换为模拟电流信号,以获得模拟红外光电流和模拟红光电流;电流电压转换电路,与所述光电转换器连接,用于对模拟红外光电流和模拟红光电流分别进行电流电压转换,以分别获得模拟红外光电压和模拟红光电压;信号放大器,与所述电流电压转换电路连接,用于对模拟红外光电压和模拟红光电压分别进行放大,以获得模拟红外光放大电压和模拟红光放大电压;信号检测电路,与所述信号放大器连接,包括直流信号检测子电路和交流信号检测子电路,用于检测模拟红外光电压中的直流成分和交流成分,以作为第一直流电压和第一交流电压输出,还用于检测模拟红光电压中的直流成分和交流成分,以作为第二直流电压和第二交流电压输出;模数转换器,与所述信号检测电路连接,用于对第一直流电压、第一交流电压、第二直流电压和第二交流电压分别进行模数转换,以获得第一数字化直流电压、第一数字化交流电压、第二数字化直流电压和第二数字化交流电压;血氧饱和度运算电路,与所述模数转换器连接,将第二数字化交流电压与第二数字化直流电压的比值除以第一数字化交流电压与第一数字化直流电压的比值以获得吸收光比值因子,并基于吸收光比值因子计算血氧饱和度,其中,血氧饱和度与吸收光比值因子成线性关系;AVR32芯片,与所述低通滤波器和所述CF存储卡分别连接,基于预设比例系数和滤波后的响应电流计算被测人员的血糖浓度,其中,预设比例系数为决定工作电极上的响应电流与被测血样中的葡萄糖浓度之间线性关系的比值;所述AVR32芯片还与血氧饱和度运算电路连接以获得血氧饱和度;所述AVR32芯片当所述血糖浓度在预设血糖上限浓度时,发出血糖浓度过高识别信号,当所述血糖浓度在预设血糖下限浓度时,发出血糖浓度过低识别信号;其中,所述AVR32芯片将计算获得的血氧饱和度与所述四种血氧饱和度区间进行匹配,将匹配成功的血氧饱和度区间所对应的血氧饱和度等级作为目标血氧饱和度等级;其中,所述AVR32芯片将目标肤色等级与预设肤色权重相乘,将目标血氧饱和度等级与预设血氧饱和度权重相乘,将两个乘积相加以获得总权衡值,当总权衡值小于等于预设权衡下限阈值时,发出血氧不足识别信号,当总权衡值大于等于预设权衡上限阈值时,发出血氧过量识别信号。更具体地,在所述一种应用于智能电表生产线的自动测试仪中:自适应递归滤波子设备、中值滤波子设备、尺度变换增强子设备、目标分割子设备、肤色等级识别子设备和肤色提取子设备分别采用不同的CPLD芯片来实现。更具体地,在所述一种应用于智能电表生产线的自动测试仪中,所述测试仪还包括:无线通信接口,与所述AVR32芯片连接,用于无线发送血糖浓度过高识别信号、血糖浓度过低识别信号、血氧不足识别信号或血氧过量识别信号。更具体地,在所述一种应用于智能电表生产线的自动测试仪中:所述无线通信接口为移动通信设备或蓝牙通信设备。更具体地,在所述一种应用于智能电表生产线的自动测试仪中:所述移动通信设备为GPRS移动通信设备、3G移动通信设备或4G移动通信设备。More specifically, in the automatic tester applied to the smart meter production line, it includes: a CF memory card, which pre-stores the preset proportional coefficient, preset skin color weight, preset blood oxygen saturation weight, preset trade-off The lower limit threshold, the preset trade-off upper limit threshold and the facial gray scale range are used to separate the human face in the image from the background. Oxygen saturation intervals, the four skin color mean intervals correspond to four skin color grades respectively, and the four blood oxygen saturation intervals correspond to four blood oxygen saturation grades respectively; the image acquisition device includes a hemispherical transparent cover, an auxiliary lighting sub equipment and a CMOS camera, the hemispherical transparent cover is used to accommodate the auxiliary lighting sub-equipment and the CMOS camera, the auxiliary lighting sub-equipment provides auxiliary lighting for the shooting of the CMOS camera, and the CMOS camera is The person's face is taken to obtain the facial image of the person under test; the facial skin color detection device includes an adaptive recursive filter sub-device, a median filter sub-device, a scale transformation enhancement sub-device, a target segmentation sub-device, a skin color level recognition sub-device and a skin color extraction sub-device The adaptive recursive filtering sub-equipment is connected with the CMOS camera, and is used for adopting adaptive recursive filtering processing on the facial image of the tested person to filter out the Gaussian noise in the facial image of the tested person, obtained from Adaptive recursive filtering image; the median filtering sub-equipment is connected to the adaptive recursive filtering sub-equipment for performing median filtering processing on the adaptive recursive filtering image to filter out the adaptive recursive filtering image The scattering component of the median filter image is obtained; the scale transformation enhancement sub-device is connected to the median filter sub-equipment, and is used to perform scale transformation enhancement processing on the median filter image, so as to enhance the relationship between the target and the background in the image Contrast, to obtain an enhanced image; the target segmentation sub-device is connected to the scale transformation enhancement sub-device and the CF memory card respectively, and all pixels whose pixel grayscale value in the enhanced image is within the facial grayscale range Composing a face sub-image, the face sub-image is separated from the background of the measured person's face image; the skin color extraction sub-device is connected with the target segmentation sub-device, and for the face sub-image, the brightness of all its pixels Accumulate and divide by the quantity of all its pixels to obtain the target skin color mean value; the skin color level recognition sub-device is connected with the skin color extraction sub-device and the CF memory card respectively, and the target skin color mean value and four kinds of skin color mean value intervals Matching, the skin color grade corresponding to the average skin color interval of the output match is output as the target skin color grade; the enzyme electrode sensor includes three electrodes, a reference electrode, a counter electrode and a working electrode, and glucose oxidase is fixed on the working electrode, wherein, when When the measured blood sample of the tested person drops on the testing area of the working electrode, the glucose oxidase fixed on the working electrode reacts chemically with the glucose in the measured blood sample, and the response current on the working electrode is related to the glucose concentration in the measured blood sample. linear relationship; the amplifying circuit is connected with the enzyme electrode sensor, It is used to receive and amplify the response current on the working electrode; the low-pass filter is connected to the amplifying circuit and is used to receive and filter out the high-frequency components in the response current; the light-emitting diode is set on the capillary of the fingertip of the person under test. The blood vessel position is connected with the light source driving circuit, and is used to alternately emit infrared light and red light based on the light emitting control signal sent by the light source driving circuit; the light source driving circuit has a built-in timer, and is used to send light emitting control signals to the light emitting diode; The converter is arranged on the fingertip of the measured person and is located at the relative position of the light-emitting diode, and is used to receive the infrared light and the red light transmitted through the capillaries of the fingertip of the measured person, and transmit the infrared light and the red light The light is converted into an analog current signal respectively to obtain an analog infrared photocurrent and an analog red photocurrent; a current-voltage conversion circuit is connected with the photoelectric converter for performing current-voltage conversion on the analog infrared photocurrent and the analog red photocurrent respectively , to respectively obtain the analog infrared light voltage and the analog red light voltage; the signal amplifier is connected with the current-voltage conversion circuit, and is used to respectively amplify the analog infrared light voltage and the analog red light voltage, so as to obtain the analog infrared light amplification voltage and Analog red light amplified voltage; signal detection circuit, connected with the signal amplifier, including a DC signal detection sub-circuit and an AC signal detection sub-circuit, used to detect the DC component and the AC component in the analog infrared light voltage as the first DC The voltage and the first AC voltage output are also used to detect the DC component and the AC component in the analog red light voltage as the second DC voltage and the second AC voltage output; the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the signal detection circuit, It is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the first DC voltage, the first AC voltage, the second DC voltage and the second AC voltage to obtain the first digitized DC voltage, the first digitized AC voltage, the second digitized DC voltage and the second digitized DC voltage. Digitized AC voltage; blood oxygen saturation calculation circuit, connected to the analog-to-digital converter, divides the ratio of the second digitized AC voltage to the second digitized DC voltage by the ratio of the first digitized AC voltage to the first digitized DC voltage to obtain Obtain the ratio factor of absorbed light, and calculate the blood oxygen saturation based on the ratio factor of absorbed light, wherein the blood oxygen saturation is linearly related to the ratio factor of absorbed light; connected to calculate the blood glucose concentration of the person under test based on the preset proportional coefficient and the filtered response current, wherein the preset proportional coefficient is a ratio that determines the linear relationship between the response current on the working electrode and the glucose concentration in the measured blood sample; The AVR32 chip is also connected with the blood oxygen saturation calculation circuit to obtain the blood oxygen saturation; the AVR32 chip sends a blood sugar concentration too high identification signal when the blood sugar concentration is at the preset blood glucose upper limit concentration, and when the blood glucose concentration When the blood sugar lower limit concentration is preset, an identification signal of low blood sugar concentration is issued; wherein, the AVR32 chip matches the calculated blood oxygen saturation with the four blood oxygen saturation intervals, and matches the successfully matched blood oxygen saturation The blood oxygen saturation level corresponding to the degree interval is used as the target Mark the blood oxygen saturation level; wherein, the AVR32 chip multiplies the target skin color level by the preset skin color weight, multiplies the target blood oxygen saturation level by the preset blood oxygen saturation weight, and adds the two products to obtain For the total trade-off value, when the total trade-off value is less than or equal to the preset trade-off lower limit threshold, a hypoxemia identification signal is issued, and when the total trade-off value is greater than or equal to the preset trade-off upper limit threshold, an blood oxygen excess identification signal is issued. More specifically, in the automatic tester applied to the smart meter production line: adaptive recursive filtering sub-device, median filtering sub-device, scale transformation enhancement sub-device, target segmentation sub-device, skin color level recognition sub-device and The skin color extraction sub-equipment is realized by using different CPLD chips respectively. More specifically, in the automatic tester applied to the smart meter production line, the tester also includes: a wireless communication interface, connected to the AVR32 chip, for wirelessly sending the identification signal of excessive blood sugar concentration, blood sugar An identification signal of low concentration, an identification signal of hypoxemia or an identification signal of excess blood oxygen. More specifically, in the automatic tester applied to the smart meter production line: the wireless communication interface is a mobile communication device or a Bluetooth communication device. More specifically, in the automatic tester applied to a smart meter production line: the mobile communication device is a GPRS mobile communication device, a 3G mobile communication device or a 4G mobile communication device.
附图说明Description of drawings
以下将结合附图对本发明的实施方案进行描述,其中:Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
图1为本发明的一种应用于智能电表生产线的自动测试仪的第一实施例的结构方框图。FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of a first embodiment of an automatic tester applied to a smart meter production line according to the present invention.
附图标记:1CF存储卡;2面部肤色检测设备;3血糖检测设备;4血氧饱和度检测设备;5AVR32芯片Reference signs: 1CF memory card; 2 facial skin color detection equipment; 3 blood sugar detection equipment; 4 blood oxygen saturation detection equipment; 5AVR32 chip
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将参照附图对本发明的一种应用于智能电表生产线的自动测试仪的实施方案进行详细说明。An embodiment of an automatic tester applied to a smart meter production line of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
缺氧对机体有着巨大的影响。比如对CNS,肝、肾功能的影响。低氧时首先出现的是代偿性心率加速,心搏及心排血量增加,循环系统以高动力状态代偿氧含量的不足。同时产生血流再分配,脑及冠状血管选择性扩张以保障足够的血供。但在严重的低氧状况时,由于心内膜下乳酸堆积,ATP合成降低,产生心肌抑制,导致心动过缓,期前收缩,血压下降与心排血量降低,以及出现室颤等心率失常乃至停搏。Hypoxia has a huge impact on the body. Such as the impact on CNS, liver and kidney function. The first thing that occurs in hypoxia is a compensatory acceleration of heart rate, increased heart rate and cardiac output, and the circulatory system compensates for the lack of oxygen content in a high dynamic state. At the same time, blood flow redistribution occurs, and brain and coronary vessels are selectively expanded to ensure sufficient blood supply. However, in severe hypoxic conditions, due to the accumulation of lactic acid in the subendocardium, the synthesis of ATP decreases, resulting in myocardial inhibition, resulting in bradycardia, premature contraction, decreased blood pressure and cardiac output, and arrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation Even stop.
由于缺氧对人们身体的危害性,血氧饱和度检测仪器一直是医疗仪器研发商重点研发的课题之一。然而,当前的血氧饱和度检测仪器检测对象单一、电路结构冗余度高以及检测机理不够全面,导致血氧饱和度检测的效果不佳,无法满足病人和医方的当前需求。Due to the harmfulness of hypoxia to people's bodies, blood oxygen saturation detection instruments have always been one of the key research and development topics of medical instrument developers. However, the current blood oxygen saturation detection instrument has a single detection object, high circuit structure redundancy, and insufficient detection mechanism, resulting in poor blood oxygen saturation detection and unable to meet the current needs of patients and doctors.
为此,本发明搭建了一种应用于智能电表生产线的自动测试仪,优化当前的血氧饱和度检测仪器的结构,将血糖浓度检测融入血氧饱和度检测中,更关键的是,采用高精度的图像识别技术对被测人员的肤色进行识别,将肤色作为血氧饱和度检测的因素之一,综合考虑血氧饱和度的检测结果,从而提高医疗检测仪器的智能化水平。For this reason, the present invention builds an automatic tester applied to the smart meter production line, optimizes the structure of the current blood oxygen saturation detection instrument, integrates blood glucose concentration detection into the blood oxygen saturation detection, and more importantly, adopts high The high-precision image recognition technology recognizes the skin color of the person being tested, and takes the skin color as one of the factors in the detection of blood oxygen saturation, and comprehensively considers the detection results of blood oxygen saturation, thereby improving the intelligence level of medical testing instruments.
图1为本发明的一种应用于智能电表生产线的自动测试仪的第一实施例的结构方框图,所述测试仪包括CF存储卡、面部肤色检测设备、血糖检测设备、血氧饱和度检测设备和AVR32芯片,所述CF存储卡预先存储了四种肤色均值区间和四种血氧饱和度区间,所述血糖检测设备用于对被测人员的血糖数据进行检测,所述AVR32芯片将所述面部肤色检测设备和所述血氧饱和度检测设备的检测结果分别与所述CF存储卡的内容进行匹配,以分别确定被测人员的肤色等级和血氧饱和度等级。Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of the first embodiment of an automatic tester applied to a smart meter production line of the present invention, the tester includes a CF memory card, facial skin color detection equipment, blood sugar detection equipment, blood oxygen saturation detection equipment and an AVR32 chip, the CF memory card pre-stores four skin color mean intervals and four blood oxygen saturation intervals, the blood glucose detection device is used to detect the blood glucose data of the person being tested, and the AVR32 chip stores the The detection results of the facial skin color detection device and the blood oxygen saturation detection device are respectively matched with the contents of the CF memory card to determine the skin color level and blood oxygen saturation level of the tested person respectively.
接着,继续对本发明的一种应用于智能电表生产线的自动测试仪的第二实施例的具体结构进行进一步的说明。Next, the specific structure of the second embodiment of an automatic tester applied to a smart meter production line of the present invention will be further described.
所述测试仪包括:CF存储卡,预先存储了预设比例系数、预设肤色权重、预设血氧饱和度权重、预设权衡下限阈值、预设权衡上限阈值和面部灰度范围,所述面部灰度范围用于将图像中的人体面部与背景分离,所述CF存储卡还预先存储了四种肤色均值区间和四种血氧饱和度区间,所述四种肤色均值区间分别对应四种肤色等级,所述四种血氧饱和度区间分别对应四种血氧饱和度等级。The tester includes: a CF memory card, which pre-stores preset proportional coefficients, preset skin color weights, preset blood oxygen saturation weights, preset trade-off lower limit thresholds, preset trade-off upper limit thresholds, and facial gray scale ranges. The facial grayscale range is used to separate the human face in the image from the background, and the CF memory card also pre-stores four skin color mean intervals and four blood oxygen saturation intervals, and the four skin color average intervals correspond to four The skin color level, the four blood oxygen saturation intervals correspond to the four blood oxygen saturation levels respectively.
所述测试仪包括:图像采集设备,包括半球形透明罩、辅助照明子设备和CMOS摄像头,所述半球形透明罩用于容纳所述辅助照明子设备和所述CMOS摄像头,所述辅助照明子设备为所述CMOS摄像头的拍摄提供辅助照明,所述CMOS摄像头对被测人员面部拍摄以获得被测人员面部图像。The tester includes: an image acquisition device, including a hemispherical transparent cover, an auxiliary lighting sub-device and a CMOS camera, the hemispherical transparent cover is used to accommodate the auxiliary lighting sub-device and the CMOS camera, and the auxiliary lighting sub-device The device provides auxiliary lighting for the shooting of the CMOS camera, and the CMOS camera shoots the face of the tested person to obtain the facial image of the tested person.
所述测试仪包括:面部肤色检测设备,包括自适应递归滤波子设备、中值滤波子设备、尺度变换增强子设备、目标分割子设备、肤色等级识别子设备和肤色提取子设备;所述自适应递归滤波子设备与所述CMOS摄像头连接,用于对所述被测人员面部图像采用自适应递归滤波处理,以滤除所述被测人员面部图像中的高斯噪声,获得自适应递归滤波图像;所述中值滤波子设备与所述自适应递归滤波子设备连接,用于对所述自适应递归滤波图像执行中值滤波处理,以滤除所述自适应递归滤波图像中的散射成分,获得中值滤波图像;所述尺度变换增强子设备与所述中值滤波子设备连接,用于对所述中值滤波图像执行尺度变换增强处理,以增强图像中目标与背景的对比度,获得增强图像;所述目标分割子设备与所述尺度变换增强子设备和所述CF存储卡分别连接,将所述增强图像中像素灰度值在所述面部灰度范围内的所有像素组成面部子图像,所述面部子图像从所述被测人员面部图像的背景处分离获得;所述肤色提取子设备与所述目标分割子设备连接,针对面部子图像,将其所有像素的亮度累加并除以其所有像素的数量以获得目标肤色均值;所述肤色等级识别子设备与所述肤色提取子设备和所述CF存储卡分别连接,将所述目标肤色均值与四种肤色均值区间匹配,输出匹配的肤色均值区间所对应的肤色等级作为目标肤色等级输出。The tester includes: facial skin color detection equipment, including adaptive recursive filter sub-equipment, median filter sub-equipment, scale transformation enhancement sub-equipment, target segmentation sub-equipment, skin color grade recognition sub-equipment and skin color extraction sub-equipment; The adaptive recursive filtering sub-device is connected with the CMOS camera, and is used for adopting adaptive recursive filtering processing on the facial image of the tested person to filter out the Gaussian noise in the facial image of the tested person to obtain an adaptive recursive filtered image The median filtering sub-device is connected to the adaptive recursive filtering sub-device, and is used to perform median filtering processing on the adaptive recursive filtering image to filter out the scattering components in the adaptive recursive filtering image, Obtaining a median filter image; the scale transformation enhancement sub-device is connected to the median filter sub-equipment for performing scale transformation enhancement processing on the median filter image, so as to enhance the contrast between the target and the background in the image, and obtain an enhancement Image; the target segmentation sub-device is connected to the scale transformation enhancement sub-device and the CF memory card respectively, and all pixels whose pixel gray value in the enhanced image is within the gray range of the face form a face sub-image , the face sub-image is separated and obtained from the background of the subject’s face image; the skin color extraction sub-device is connected with the target segmentation sub-device, and for the face sub-image, the brightness of all its pixels is accumulated and divided by The quantity of all its pixels obtains the average value of target skin color; the skin color level recognition sub-equipment is respectively connected with the skin color extraction sub-equipment and the CF memory card, and the target skin color average value is matched with four kinds of skin color average value intervals, and the output matching The skin color level corresponding to the average skin color range of is output as the target skin color level.
所述测试仪包括:酶电极传感器,包括参比电极、对极电极和工作电极三个电极,工作电极上固定有葡萄糖氧化酶,其中,当被测人员的被测血样滴落在工作电极的测试区域时,工作电极上固定的葡萄糖氧化酶与被测血样中的葡萄糖发生化学反应,工作电极上的响应电流与被测血样中的葡萄糖浓度呈线性关系。The tester includes: an enzyme electrode sensor, including three electrodes: a reference electrode, a counter electrode and a working electrode, glucose oxidase is fixed on the working electrode, wherein, when the measured blood sample of the person being tested drops on the working electrode When testing the area, the glucose oxidase immobilized on the working electrode reacts chemically with the glucose in the measured blood sample, and the response current on the working electrode has a linear relationship with the glucose concentration in the measured blood sample.
所述测试仪包括:放大电路,与所述酶电极传感器连接,用于接收并放大工作电极上的响应电流;低通滤波器,与所述放大电路连接,用于接收并滤除响应电流中的高频成分;发光二极管,设置在被测人员手指指尖毛细血管位置,与光源驱动电路连接,用于基于光源驱动电路发送的发光控制信号,交替发射红外光和红光;光源驱动电路,内置定时器,用于向所述发光二极管发送发光控制信号。The tester includes: an amplifying circuit connected to the enzyme electrode sensor for receiving and amplifying the response current on the working electrode; a low-pass filter connected to the amplifying circuit for receiving and filtering the response current The high-frequency component; the light-emitting diode, which is set at the capillary position of the fingertip of the person under test, is connected with the light source driving circuit, and is used to emit infrared light and red light alternately based on the light-emitting control signal sent by the light source driving circuit; the light source driving circuit, A built-in timer is used to send a light-emitting control signal to the light-emitting diode.
所述测试仪包括:光电转换器,设置在被测人员手指指尖上,位于所述发光二极管的相对位置,用于接收透射被测人员手指指尖毛细血管后的红外光和红光,并将透射红外光和透射红光分别转换为模拟电流信号,以获得模拟红外光电流和模拟红光电流;电流电压转换电路,与所述光电转换器连接,用于对模拟红外光电流和模拟红光电流分别进行电流电压转换,以分别获得模拟红外光电压和模拟红光电压。The tester includes: a photoelectric converter, arranged on the fingertip of the person under test, at a position opposite to the light-emitting diode, for receiving infrared light and red light transmitted through capillaries of the fingertip of the person under test, and The transmitted infrared light and the transmitted red light are respectively converted into analog current signals to obtain the simulated infrared photocurrent and the simulated red photocurrent; the current-voltage conversion circuit is connected with the photoelectric converter for the analog infrared photocurrent and the simulated red photocurrent. The photocurrents are respectively subjected to current-voltage conversion to obtain analog infrared photovoltage and analog red photovoltage respectively.
所述测试仪包括:信号放大器,与所述电流电压转换电路连接,用于对模拟红外光电压和模拟红光电压分别进行放大,以获得模拟红外光放大电压和模拟红光放大电压;信号检测电路,与所述信号放大器连接,包括直流信号检测子电路和交流信号检测子电路,用于检测模拟红外光电压中的直流成分和交流成分,以作为第一直流电压和第一交流电压输出,还用于检测模拟红光电压中的直流成分和交流成分,以作为第二直流电压和第二交流电压输出;模数转换器,与所述信号检测电路连接,用于对第一直流电压、第一交流电压、第二直流电压和第二交流电压分别进行模数转换,以获得第一数字化直流电压、第一数字化交流电压、第二数字化直流电压和第二数字化交流电压。The tester includes: a signal amplifier connected to the current-voltage conversion circuit for amplifying the simulated infrared light voltage and the simulated red light voltage respectively to obtain the simulated infrared light amplification voltage and the simulated red light amplification voltage; signal detection A circuit, connected to the signal amplifier, including a DC signal detection subcircuit and an AC signal detection subcircuit, for detecting the DC component and the AC component in the analog infrared photovoltage to output as the first DC voltage and the first AC voltage, It is also used to detect the DC component and the AC component in the analog red light voltage to output as the second DC voltage and the second AC voltage; the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the signal detection circuit and is used for the first DC voltage, Analog-to-digital conversion is performed on the first AC voltage, the second DC voltage and the second AC voltage respectively to obtain the first digitized DC voltage, the first digitized AC voltage, the second digitized DC voltage and the second digitized AC voltage.
所述测试仪包括:血氧饱和度运算电路,与所述模数转换器连接,将第二数字化交流电压与第二数字化直流电压的比值除以第一数字化交流电压与第一数字化直流电压的比值以获得吸收光比值因子,并基于吸收光比值因子计算血氧饱和度,其中,血氧饱和度与吸收光比值因子成线性关系。The tester includes: a blood oxygen saturation calculation circuit connected to the analog-to-digital converter, dividing the ratio of the second digitized AC voltage to the second digitized DC voltage by the ratio of the first digitized AC voltage to the first digitized DC voltage Ratio to obtain the absorbed light ratio factor, and calculate the blood oxygen saturation based on the absorbed light ratio factor, wherein the blood oxygen saturation has a linear relationship with the absorbed light ratio factor.
所述测试仪包括:AVR32芯片,与所述低通滤波器和所述CF存储卡分别连接,基于预设比例系数和滤波后的响应电流计算被测人员的血糖浓度,其中,预设比例系数为决定工作电极上的响应电流与被测血样中的葡萄糖浓度之间线性关系的比值;所述AVR32芯片还与血氧饱和度运算电路连接以获得血氧饱和度;所述AVR32芯片当所述血糖浓度在预设血糖上限浓度时,发出血糖浓度过高识别信号,当所述血糖浓度在预设血糖下限浓度时,发出血糖浓度过低识别信号。The tester includes: an AVR32 chip, which is connected to the low-pass filter and the CF memory card respectively, and calculates the blood glucose concentration of the person under test based on the preset proportional coefficient and the filtered response current, wherein the preset proportional coefficient In order to determine the ratio of the linear relationship between the response current on the working electrode and the glucose concentration in the measured blood sample; the AVR32 chip is also connected with the blood oxygen saturation calculation circuit to obtain the blood oxygen saturation; when the AVR32 chip When the blood glucose concentration is at the preset blood glucose upper limit concentration, an identification signal of too high blood glucose concentration is issued; when the blood glucose concentration is at the preset blood glucose lower limit concentration, an identification signal of too low blood glucose concentration is issued.
其中,所述AVR32芯片将计算获得的血氧饱和度与所述四种血氧饱和度区间进行匹配,将匹配成功的血氧饱和度区间所对应的血氧饱和度等级作为目标血氧饱和度等级。Wherein, the AVR32 chip matches the calculated blood oxygen saturation with the four blood oxygen saturation intervals, and takes the blood oxygen saturation level corresponding to the successfully matched blood oxygen saturation interval as the target blood oxygen saturation grade.
其中,所述AVR32芯片将目标肤色等级与预设肤色权重相乘,将目标血氧饱和度等级与预设血氧饱和度权重相乘,将两个乘积相加以获得总权衡值,当总权衡值小于等于预设权衡下限阈值时,发出血氧不足识别信号,当总权衡值大于等于预设权衡上限阈值时,发出血氧过量识别信号。Wherein, the AVR32 chip multiplies the target skin color level by the preset skin color weight, multiplies the target blood oxygen saturation level by the preset blood oxygen saturation weight, and adds the two products to obtain the total weight value. When the total weight When the value is less than or equal to the preset trade-off lower limit threshold, a hypoxemia identification signal is issued, and when the total trade-off value is greater than or equal to the preset trade-off upper limit threshold, an excess blood oxygen identification signal is issued.
可选地,在所述测试仪中:自适应递归滤波子设备、中值滤波子设备、尺度变换增强子设备、目标分割子设备、肤色等级识别子设备和肤色提取子设备分别采用不同的CPLD芯片来实现;所述测试仪还包括:无线通信接口,与所述AVR32芯片连接,用于无线发送血糖浓度过高识别信号、血糖浓度过低识别信号、血氧不足识别信号或血氧过量识别信号;所述无线通信接口为移动通信设备或蓝牙通信设备;所述移动通信设备为GPRS移动通信设备、3G移动通信设备或4G移动通信设备。Optionally, in the tester: the adaptive recursive filtering sub-device, the median filtering sub-device, the scale transformation enhancement sub-device, the target segmentation sub-device, the skin color level identification sub-device and the skin color extraction sub-device respectively adopt different CPLDs chips; the tester also includes: a wireless communication interface, connected to the AVR32 chip, used to wirelessly send identification signals of high blood glucose concentration, low blood glucose concentration, insufficient blood oxygen, or excessive blood oxygen signal; the wireless communication interface is a mobile communication device or a Bluetooth communication device; the mobile communication device is a GPRS mobile communication device, a 3G mobile communication device or a 4G mobile communication device.
另外,模数转换器即A/D转换器,或简称ADC,通常是指一个将模拟信号转变为数字信号的电子元件。通常的模数转换器是将一个输入电压信号转换为一个输出的数字信号。由于数字信号本身不具有实际意义,仅仅表示一个相对大小。故任何一个模数转换器都需要一个参考模拟量作为转换的标准,比较常见的参考标准为最大的可转换信号大小。而输出的数字量则表示输入信号相对于参考信号的大小。In addition, an analog-to-digital converter, namely an A/D converter, or ADC for short, usually refers to an electronic component that converts an analog signal into a digital signal. A common analog-to-digital converter converts an input voltage signal into an output digital signal. Since the digital signal itself has no practical significance, it only represents a relative size. Therefore, any analog-to-digital converter needs a reference analog quantity as a conversion standard, and the more common reference standard is the largest convertible signal size. The output digital quantity represents the magnitude of the input signal relative to the reference signal.
模拟数字转换器的分辨率是指,对于允许范围内的模拟信号,它能输出离散数字信号值的个数。这些信号值通常用二进制数来存储,因此分辨率经常用比特作为单位,且这些离散值的个数是2的幂指数。例如,一个具有8位分辨率的模拟数字转换器可以将模拟信号编码成256个不同的离散值(因为2^8=256),从0到255(即无符号整数)或从-128到127(即带符号整数),至于使用哪一种,则取决于具体的应用。The resolution of an analog-to-digital converter refers to the number of discrete digital signal values it can output for an analog signal within the allowable range. These signal values are usually stored in binary numbers, so the resolution is often in bits, and the number of these discrete values is a power of 2. For example, an ADC with 8-bit resolution can encode an analog signal into 256 different discrete values (because 2^8=256), from 0 to 255 (i.e. unsigned integers) or from -128 to 127 (that is, signed integers), which one to use depends on the specific application.
采用本发明的一种应用于智能电表生产线的自动测试仪,针对现有技术中血氧饱和度检测仪器结构落后、检测对象少且检测机理单一的技术问题,引用了高精度、有针对性的图像识别设备对被测人员的肤色进行识别,并融入到血氧饱和度的检测过程中,同时,加入血糖检测设备并优化现有的检测结构,从而全面提高血氧饱和度检测仪器的性能。Adopting an automatic tester applied to the smart meter production line of the present invention, aiming at the technical problems of backward structure of blood oxygen saturation detection instrument in the prior art, few detection objects and single detection mechanism, high-precision and targeted The image recognition equipment recognizes the skin color of the person being tested and integrates it into the blood oxygen saturation detection process. At the same time, blood glucose detection equipment is added and the existing detection structure is optimized to comprehensively improve the performance of the blood oxygen saturation detection instrument.
可以理解的是,虽然本发明已以较佳实施例披露如上,然而上述实施例并非用以限定本发明。对于任何熟悉本领域的技术人员而言,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围情况下,都可利用上述揭示的技术内容对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰,或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。因此,凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案保护的范围内。It can be understood that although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, the above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. For any person skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, the technical content disclosed above can be used to make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or to be modified into equivalent changes, etc. effective example. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention, which do not deviate from the technical solution of the present invention, still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
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