CN105421778A - Method for building self-heat-insulation wall through multiple types of building blocks - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a method for building a self-insulating wall with a combination of various blocks, which relates to building a self-insulating wall. Its main technical features are: isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks are used In the middle of each skin wall, right-angled triangle self-insulating wall blocks and right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks are used at both ends of each skin wall, or right-angled triangle-shaped self-insulating wall blocks are used, or right-angled trapezoidal type are used Self-insulating wall blocks, during the masonry construction process, no matter in the horizontal direction of the wall or in the vertical direction of the wall, any two adjacent isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks, during the masonry All will make the bar face A (16) of a certain block directly adjacent to the bar face B (15) of another block.

Description

A method of building a self-insulating wall with a combination of various blocks

technical field

This application relates to building self-insulation wall masonry.

Background technique

The traditional self-insulating wall block is in the shape of a cuboid, which is simple in shape and convenient for production and masonry construction. However, there are gray joints and cold bridges in the self-insulating wall built by masonry, that is, vertical gray joints cold bridges and horizontal gray joints. Cold bridge, self-insulation wall energy-saving effect is greatly affected. In recent years, although special-shaped self-insulating blocks have appeared in publications, the problem of vertical mortar joint cold bridges in self-insulating walls has been solved. But the shapes of these building blocks are all too complicated, which brings inconvenience to production and masonry construction. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the cold bridge of the vertical mortar joints of the self-insulating wall, and simplify the shape of the block and the method of building the block. The specific techniques are as follows:

1. Design the large surface of the self-insulating block, that is, the sitting surface, into an isosceles trapezoidal shape, as shown in Figure 1. That is to say, the self-insulating block is composed of two parallel isosceles trapezoidal large surfaces, that is, large surface A, two rectangular strip surfaces that are parallel to each other, namely strip surface B and strip surface A, and a figure-eight shape on the left and right. The regular hexahedron formed by two oblique end faces of the rectangle is named as an isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating wall block, which is made of inorganic lightweight heat-insulating materials (such as fly ash aerated concrete, foam concrete, etc.) , its top view, that is, its projection on the horizontal plane, is an isosceles trapezoid, as shown in Figure 2. It can also be said that the isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating wall block is a regular quadrangular prism with an isosceles trapezoidal bottom surface made of inorganic light heat insulating material, which is a short column. It is the main type of block for building walls, and it is used in the middle of each skin of the wall when building the wall.

2. When building a wall, the auxiliary model blocks are used at the two ends of each skin of the wall, and the purpose is to make up the wall. There are two types of auxiliary type blocks, both of which are cut along the cutting surface by cutting the main type block, the isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating wall block, at the masonry construction site or block production plant. One is a right-angled triangular self-insulating wall block cut along the cutting plane 1 (see Figure 3), and the other is a right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall block cut along the cutting plane 2 (see Figure 3). Wall blocks. It can be said that the right-angled triangle self-insulating wall block is a regular triangular prism with a right-angled triangle bottom, and the right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall block is a regular quadrangular prism with a right-angled trapezoidal bottom, both of which are short columns. See Figure 4 and Figure 6.

The above three kinds of blocks have oblique end faces, so the vertical mortar joints of the walls built with them are obliquely intersected with the axis of the wall body, so they are called oblique vertical mortar joints. The vertical mortar joints of traditional cuboid self-insulating block walls are perpendicular to the axis of the wall, that is, orthogonal, and are referred to herein as orthogonal vertical mortar joints. Obviously, the length of oblique vertical mortar joints is significantly longer than that of orthogonal vertical mortar joints, which eliminates the cold bridge of vertical mortar joints in the self-insulating wall, and the energy-saving effect is obvious.

3. Self-insulation wall masonry method:

(1) Use isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks, right-angled triangle self-insulating wall blocks and right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks, or use isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating walls There are two kinds of building blocks and right-angled triangular self-insulating wall blocks, or there are two kinds of blocks including isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks and right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks. Insulated walls.

(2) For the masonry of each skin of the self-insulating wall, use isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks in the middle, use right-angled triangle-shaped self-insulating wall blocks at one end and use right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks at the other end ; Or both ends use right-angled triangle self-insulating wall blocks; or both ends use right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks.

(3) During the masonry construction process, in the horizontal and vertical directions of the wall, any two adjacent isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks must make the surface of a certain block A, is directly adjacent to the strip surface B of another block.

(4) During the masonry construction process, any two adjacent isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks in the vertical direction of the wall, the projections of the median line of the isosceles trapezoid on the same horizontal plane are completely coincident, and the projection Fall on the axis of the wall to ensure that the oblique vertical mortar joints on the left and right sides of the two blocks are projected on the same horizontal plane in a cross state and the intersection point falls on the axis of the wall.

(5) During the masonry construction process, any two adjacent right-angled triangular self-insulating wall blocks in the vertical direction of the wall, or right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks, the median line of the right-angled triangle or the right-angled trapezoid The projections of the median line on the same horizontal plane are completely coincident, and the projections fall on the axis of the wall, so as to ensure that the oblique vertical mortar joints of the two blocks are intersecting on the same horizontal plane and the intersection point falls. on the axis of the wall.

The above masonry method is named: a method of building a self-insulating wall with a combination of various blocks.

The positive effect of this application is:

(1) The vertical gray joint cold bridge of the self-insulating wall is eliminated, and the energy-saving performance of the wall is significantly improved.

(2) The shape of the block is simple and easy to manufacture.

The positive effects of this application can be seen from FIG. 35 . In Figure 35, the length of the oblique vertical mortar joints is significantly longer than the orthogonal vertical mortar joints of the traditional cuboid block wall, and the cold bridge of the vertical mortar joints of the self-insulating wall is eliminated.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a perspective view of an isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating wall block, Figure 2 is a top view of an isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating wall block, Figure 3 is a cutting diagram of an isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating wall block, and Figure 4 is a right-angle A three-dimensional view of a triangular self-insulating wall block, Fig. 5 is a top view of a right-angled triangular self-insulating wall block, Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional view of a right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall block, and Fig. 7 is a right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall block Top view, Figure 8 is a three-dimensional view of odd-numbered (or even-numbered) skins of the wall when using right-angled triangle self-insulating wall blocks and right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks, and Figure 9 is a right-angled triangle self-insulating wall When using blocks and right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks, the odd-numbered skins (or even-numbered skins) of the wall are laid. Figure 10 is when using right-angled triangle-shaped self-insulating wall blocks and right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks. The three-dimensional view of the even-numbered (or odd-numbered) skins of the wall. Figure 11 is the plan view of the even-numbered (or odd-numbered) skins of the wall when using right-angled triangle self-insulating wall blocks and right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks. Fig. 12 is an elevation view of wall masonry scheme 1 when using right-angled triangular self-insulating wall blocks and right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks; When using the self-insulating wall blocks of the type self-insulation wall, the three-dimensional view of the wall masonry scheme is shown in Fig. 14. Figure 15 is a three-dimensional view of the wall masonry scheme two when using right-angled triangle self-insulating wall blocks and right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks, and Figure 16 is an odd-numbered skin of the wall when using right-angled triangle-type self-insulating wall blocks (or even skins) masonry stereogram, Figure 17 is a plan view of odd skins (or even skins) of the wall when using right-angled triangle self-insulating wall blocks, and Figure 18 is when using right-angled triangle self-insulating wall blocks The three-dimensional view of even-numbered skins (or odd-numbered skins) of the wall. Figure 19 is a plan view of the even-numbered skins (or odd-numbered skins) of the wall when using right-angled triangle self-insulating wall blocks. Figure 20 is the use of right-angled triangle self-insulating walls Wall masonry scheme 1 elevation view when building blocks. Figure 21 is a three-dimensional view of wall masonry scheme 1 when using right-angled triangle self-insulating wall blocks. Figure 22 is when using right-angled triangle self-insulating wall blocks. The second elevation of the wall masonry scheme, Figure 23 is the second perspective view of the wall masonry scheme when using right-angled triangular self-insulating wall blocks, and Figure 24 is the odd-numbered skin of the wall when using right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks (or even skin) masonry stereogram, Figure 25 is the plan view of odd skin (or even skin) masonry when using right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks, and Figure 26 is when using right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks The three-dimensional view of the even-numbered (or odd-numbered) skins of the wall. Figure 27 is the plan view of the even-numbered (or odd-numbered) skins of the wall when using right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks. Figure 28 is the use of right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating walls. Wall masonry scheme 1 elevation view when building blocks, Figure 29 is a three-dimensional view of wall masonry scheme 1 when using right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks, Figure 30 It is the second elevation of the wall masonry scheme when using right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks. Figure 31 is a perspective view of the second wall masonry scheme when using right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks. Figure 32 is the upper and lower adjacent The projection diagram of the oblique vertical mortar joints on the left and right sides of two isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks on the horizontal plane. The projection diagram of the vertical mortar joints on the horizontal plane. Figure 34 is the projection diagram of the oblique vertical mortar joints on the same side of two adjacent right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks. Figure 35 is the projection diagram of the oblique Comparison diagram of the length of vertical gray joints and orthogonal vertical gray joints, in the figure:

11——large surface A, 13——inclined end surface, 15——strip surface B, 16——strip surface A, Z11——large surface B, Z13——straight end surface, Z16——strip surface C, T15—— Noodle D, T16——Strip E, T11——Large C, QM1——Cutting Surface 1, QM2——Cutting Surface 2, DW——Median line of isosceles trapezoid, ZW——Median line of right triangle , TW——median line of right-angled trapezoid, OX—axis of wall body, XF—oblique vertical gray joint, ZF—orthogonal vertical gray joint, HF—horizontal gray joint, ZK—isosceles trapezoid Type self-insulating wall blocks, FK1—right-angled triangle-shaped self-insulating wall blocks, FK2—right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks, JD—two adjacent isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating walls The projection intersection point of the oblique vertical mortar joints on the left and right sides of the block on the same horizontal plane, CD——the oblique vertical mortar joints on the same side of two adjacent right-angled triangle self-insulating wall blocks are on the same horizontal plane The projection intersection point on the top, ZD——the projection intersection point of the oblique vertical mortar joints on the same horizontal plane of the upper and lower right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks on the same side.

detailed description

Using inorganic light-weight thermal insulation material raw materials such as aerated concrete or fly ash aerated concrete or fly ash, according to the shape shown in Figure 1, the main type of block is produced - isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating wall block , used for masonry in the middle of each skin of the self-insulating wall. At the project site, as shown in Figure 3, the isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating wall block is sawed along the cutting surface QM1 to cut out a right-angled triangle-shaped self-insulating wall block, and its perspective view is shown in Figure 4; The cutting surface QM2 saws and cuts out right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks, and its perspective view is shown in Figure 6. These two kinds of blocks are all auxiliary blocks for building walls, that is, auxiliary model blocks, which are used to build the ends of the skins of self-insulating walls and make up the walls.

Fig. 2 is a top view of an isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating wall block, Fig. 5 is a top view of a right-angled triangular self-insulating wall block, and Fig. 7 is a top view of a right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall block, and the three figures respectively show The median line DW of an isosceles trapezoid, the median line ZW of a right triangle and the median line TW of a right trapezoid.

Polymer thermal insulation mortar is used as the masonry mortar, and isosceles trapezoidal self-insulation wall blocks are used as the main type of blocks. There are three methods of masonry for self-insulation walls. type self-insulation wall blocks, and the other end adopts right-angle trapezoidal self-insulation wall blocks. There are two masonry construction schemes. The first masonry construction scheme is: as shown in Figure 8 or 9, the first The first skin, the third skin, the fifth skin and subsequent odd-numbered skins, as shown in Figure 10 or Figure 11, build the second skin, fourth skin, sixth skin and subsequent even-numbered skins of the wall. Figure 8 is the wall Figure 9 is a plan view of an odd-numbered wall masonry, Figure 10 is a three-dimensional view of an even-numbered wall masonry, Figure 11 is a plan view of an even-numbered wall masonry, and Figure 12 is a plan of a wall masonry plan Figure 13 is a three-dimensional view of the wall masonry scheme. The second masonry construction plan is: as shown in Figure 10 or 11, build the first, third, fifth and subsequent odd-numbered skins of the wall, and build the wall as shown in Figure 8 or 9. The second skin, the fourth skin, the sixth skin and subsequent even-numbered skins, Figure 10 is a three-dimensional view of the odd-numbered skins of the wall, Figure 11 is a plan view of the odd-numbered skins of the wall, and Figure 8 is a three-dimensional view of the even-numbered skins of the wall, Fig. 9 is a plan view of an even-numbered wall masonry, Fig. 14 is a second elevation of a wall masonry scheme, and Fig. 15 is a second perspective view of a wall masonry scheme.

The second kind of masonry method: each skin wall, its two ends all use right-angled triangular self-insulation wall blocks, there are two masonry construction schemes, the masonry construction scheme one is: as shown in Figure 16 or Figure 17 , to build the first, third, fifth and subsequent odd-numbered skins of the wall, as shown in Figure 18 or Figure 19, to build the second, fourth, sixth and subsequent even-numbered skins of the wall Figure 16 is a three-dimensional view of an odd-numbered wall masonry, Figure 17 is a plan view of an odd-numbered wall masonry, Figure 18 is a three-dimensional view of an even-numbered wall masonry, Figure 19 is a plan view of an even-numbered wall masonry, and Figure 20 is a wall Body masonry scheme one elevation view, Figure 21 is a wall masonry scheme one perspective view. The second masonry construction plan is: as shown in Figure 18 or 19, build the first, third, fifth and subsequent odd-numbered skins of the wall, and build the wall as shown in Figure 16 or 17. The second skin, the fourth skin, the sixth skin and subsequent even-numbered skins, Figure 18 is a three-dimensional view of the odd-numbered skins of the wall, Figure 19 is a plan view of the odd-numbered skins of the wall, and Figure 16 is a three-dimensional view of the even-numbered skins of the wall, Fig. 17 is a plan view of an even-numbered wall masonry, Fig. 22 is a second elevation of a wall masonry scheme, and Fig. 23 is a second perspective view of a wall masonry scheme.

The third masonry method is: use right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks at both ends of each skin wall. There are two masonry construction schemes. The first scheme is: according to Fig. 24 or Fig. 25, masonry Build the first, third, fifth and subsequent odd-numbered skins of the wall, as shown in Figure 26 or Figure 27, build the second, fourth, sixth and subsequent even-numbered skins of the wall, Figure 24 is a three-dimensional view of odd-numbered masonry walls, Figure 25 is a plan view of odd-numbered wall masonry, Figure 26 is a perspective view of even-numbered wall masonry, Figure 27 is a plan view of even-numbered wall masonry, and Figure 28 is a wall masonry Building scheme one elevation view, Figure 29 is a three-dimensional view of wall masonry scheme one. The second masonry construction scheme is: as shown in Figure 26 or 27, build the first, third, fifth and subsequent odd-numbered skins of the wall, and build the wall as shown in Figure 24 or 25 The second skin, the fourth skin, the sixth skin and subsequent even-numbered skins, Figure 26 is a three-dimensional view of the odd-numbered skins of the wall, Figure 27 is a plan view of the odd-numbered skins of the wall, and Figure 24 is a three-dimensional view of the even-numbered skins of the wall, Fig. 25 is a plan view of an even-numbered wall masonry, Fig. 30 is a second elevation of a wall masonry scheme, and Fig. 31 is a second perspective view of a wall masonry scheme.

The above three masonry methods, no matter which one is used, must:

(1) During the masonry construction process, in the horizontal and vertical directions of the wall, any two adjacent isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks must make the surface of a certain block A, directly adjacent to the strip surface B of another block, see Figure 8~Figure 31.

(2) During the masonry construction process, any two adjacent isosceles trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks in the vertical direction of the wall, the projections of the median line DW of the isosceles trapezoid on the same horizontal plane are completely coincident, and The projection falls on the axis OX of the wall to ensure that the oblique vertical mortar joints XF on the left and right sides of the two blocks are intersected on the same horizontal plane and the intersection point JD falls on the axis OX of the wall, see Figure 32.

(3) During the masonry construction process, any two adjacent right-angled triangular self-insulating wall blocks in the vertical direction of the wall, or right-angled trapezoidal self-insulating wall blocks, the median line ZW of the right-angled triangle or the right angle The projections of the trapezoidal median line TW on the same horizontal plane are completely coincident, and the projections fall on the wall axis OX, so as to ensure that the oblique vertical mortar joints XF of the two blocks are crossed on the same horizontal plane. And the point of intersection CD or ZD falls on the wall body axis OX, see Fig. 33 and Fig. 34.

Figure 35 is a comparison diagram of the lengths of oblique vertical gray joints and orthogonal vertical gray joints. Regardless of the above three masonry methods, it can be seen from Figure 35 that the oblique vertical mortar joint XF is formed on the self-insulating wall, and its length is significantly longer than the orthogonal vertical joint XF of the traditional cuboid block wall. ZF mortar joints, self-insulating wall vertical mortar joints and cold bridges are eliminated, and the energy-saving performance of the walls is significantly improved.

Claims (1)

1. build a method for self heat insulation wall with multiple building block combination by laying bricks or stones, it is characterized in that:

(1) isosceles trapezoid type self-thermal insulation wall building block is adopted, and by isosceles trapezoid type self-thermal insulation wall building block, along cut surface 1(GM1) cutting right-angled triangle type self-thermal insulation wall building block and along cut surface 2(GM2) cutting right-angled trapezium type self-thermal insulation wall building block/or by isosceles trapezoid type self-thermal insulation wall building block, along cut surface 1(GM1) cutting right-angled triangle type self-thermal insulation wall building block/or by isosceles trapezoid type self-thermal insulation wall building block, along cut surface 2(GM2) cutting right-angled trapezium type self-thermal insulation wall building block, self heat insulation wall is built in combination by laying bricks or stones,

(2) the building by laying bricks or stones of the every skin of self heat insulation wall, middle with isosceles trapezoid type self-thermal insulation wall building block, one end right-angled triangle type self-thermal insulation wall building block and other end right-angled trapezium type self-thermal insulation wall building block/or two ends all use right-angled triangle type self-thermal insulation wall building block/or two ends all to use right-angled trapezium type self-thermal insulation wall building block;

(3) in building construction process, on the horizontal and vertical direction of body of wall, any two pieces of adjacent isosceles trapezoid type self-thermal insulation wall building blocks, all will make the bar face A(16 of a certain piece of building block when building by laying bricks or stones), with the bar face B(15 of another block building block) direct neighbor;

(4) in building construction process, any two pieces of adjacent isosceles trapezoid type self-thermal insulation wall building blocks on wall body vertical direction, its isosceles trapezoid neutrality line (DW), projection in same level overlaps completely, to ensure the oblique perpends (XF) of these two pieces of building block left and right sides, the cross-shaped state of the projection in same level and crosspoint (JD) drop on wall body axis (OX);

(5) in building construction process, any two pieces of adjacent right-angled triangle type self-thermal insulation wall building blocks/or right-angled trapezium type self-thermal insulation wall building block on wall body vertical direction, its right-angled triangle neutrality line (ZW)/or right-angled trapezium neutrality line (TW), projection in same level overlaps completely, to ensure the oblique perpends (XF) of these two pieces of building blocks, the cross-shaped state of the projection in same level and crosspoint (CD or ZD) drop on wall body axis (OX).