CN105418195A - Method of preparing composite organic fertilizer from biological pharmacy mycelium sludge - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for preparing multiple compound organic fertilizers by using biopharmaceutical mycelium sludge. It is used in the field of sludge resource utilization. It needs to solve the problem that biopharmaceutical mycelium sludge contains a large amount of antibiotics and cannot be directly used as waste for landfill. , and has the problem of damage to the surrounding soil and plants. Method: 1. Prepare dry mycelium sludge by microwave method; 2. Mix and mix dry mycelium sludge, supplementary materials and compound fermentation bacteria agent evenly to obtain fermented material, and ferment in solar greenhouse; 3. Mature , drying, crushing, adding inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium elements, biological potassium bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus bacteria and synergists, and the granulation is completed. In the present invention, the mycelium-based sludge is optimized by pretreatment process, microbial agent and fermentation process while adding nutrient elements to realize the use of mycelium waste residue to produce organic fertilizer, without damaging the surrounding soil and plants, and becoming waste It is a treasure with economic value and market prospect.

Description

A method for preparing multiple compound organic fertilizers by applying biopharmaceutical mycelium sludge

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of sludge resource utilization, and in particular relates to a method for preparing multi-component compound organic fertilizers.

Background technique

Antibiotics are currently the most consumed species in China, and most of them are biological products, which are extracted through the fermentation process. They are compounds produced by microorganisms, plants, and animals in their life processes. They have the ability to selectively inhibit antibiotics at low concentrations. It is an important chemical drug for human to control infectious diseases, maintain health and prevent animal and plant diseases.

In the production process of antibiotics, most of them have the characteristics of low utilization rate of raw materials, low refining purity, and high content of residual antibiotics in wastewater, resulting in complex components of wastewater, high concentrations of organic matter and suspended solids, and containing refractory substances and antibacterial effects. Antibiotics are difficult to deal with. A large part of antibiotic production enterprises cannot achieve stable discharge standards for some reason, seriously endangering the water environment and causing certain pollution to the surrounding environment. With the development of the antibiotic industry, antibiotic production wastewater has become a serious problem. one of the sources of pollution.

The sources of antibiotic wastewater mainly include the following aspects: fermentation wastewater; acid, alkali wastewater and organic solvent wastewater; washing wastewater of equipment and floors; cooling water.

The sources of antibiotic production wastewater include: 1. Extraction wastewater: If the wastewater does not contain the final product, the BOD ₅ is generally 4000-13000mg/l. The BOD ₅ value fluctuates to a peak, and the BOD ₅ in general wastewater can reach (2-3)×10 ⁴ mg/l. In addition, the wastewater also contains a certain amount of acid, alkali and organic solvents; 2. Washing wastewater: washing wastewater comes from the cleaning of fermentation tanks, canvas washing, separator cleaning and other cleaning sections and flushing the ground. The water quality is generally similar to the extraction wastewater, but the concentration is low, generally COD500-2500mg/l, BOD5 is 200-1500mg/l; 3. Other wastewater: such as fermentation liquid, acid, alkali wastewater, etc. The COD concentration of these production waters is high, the SS concentration in the wastewater is high, there are toxic substances such as antibiotics that are difficult to biodegrade and have antibacterial effects, the water quality components are relatively complex, the water volume is small and intermittently discharged, and the impact load is high. If this water is discharged directly, it will cause serious damage to the environment.

Water quality characteristics of antibiotic production wastewater: antibiotic production wastewater has complex components, high concentration of organic matter, high concentration of soluble and colloidal solids, frequent changes in pH value, high temperature, color and odor, high content of suspended matter, easy to generate foam, and contains Refractory substances and antibiotics with antibacterial effect, and toxic. The high concentration of COD (5000-80000mg/l) is the main source of antibiotic wastewater pollutants, which mainly include fermentation residual substrates and nutrients, raffinate during solvent extraction, still residue discharged after solvent recovery, and ions The adsorption waste liquid discharged from the exchange process, the fermentation filtrate of insoluble antibiotics in water, and the waste liquid from contaminated tanks, such as penicillin, COD15000-80000mg/l, oxytetracycline COD8000-35000mg/l, have great difficulties in aerobic biological treatment . The concentration of SS in wastewater is high (500-25000mg/l, mainly the residual culture medium and microbial cells produced by fermentation, such as gentamicin SS is 8000mg/l, penicillin SS is 5000-23000mg/l, which is harmful to Oxygen UASB process is extremely unfavorable. There are toxic substances such as refractory biodegradable substances and antibiotics with antibacterial effect. Due to the low yield of antibiotics in fermentation, it is only 0.1%-3%, and the separation and extraction yield is only 60%-70%. , so most of the residual antibiotic content in the waste liquid is relatively high. Under normal conditions, the residual concentration of tetracycline is 100-1000mg/l, and that of oxytetracycline is 500-1000mg/l. Excessively high residues will inhibit the activity of aerobic sludge. To reduce the treatment effect, anaerobic biological treatment has certain advantages over aerobic biological treatment for inhibitory substances with toxic effects. The concentration of sulfate and the like is as high as in streptomycin waste liquid, the sulfate content is 3000mg/l, and gentamicin is 4000mg /l, it has been reported that more than 1000mg/l of sulfate content inhibits aerobic treatment. The water quality components are complex, intermediate metabolites, surfactants (demulsifiers, defoamers, etc.), and high-concentration acid-base residues in the extraction process , organic solvents and other chemical raw materials are high in content, and such ingredients are easy to cause pH fluctuations, high chroma, heavy odor and other unfavorable factors that affect the normal activity of methane bacteria in the anaerobic reactor. Large water volume and intermittent discharge, high impact load to biological The treatment brings great difficulties. It is calculated that the amount of COD produced by producing 1 kg of tetracycline is equivalent to 0.4 tons, and the COD concentration is 9218 mg/l of wastewater.

Antibiotic wastewater treatment process: With the gradual understanding of the components of antibiotic wastewater and the in-depth research on high-efficiency reactors, more and more mature processes have been applied to the treatment of antibiotic wastewater. The usual process is "micro-electrolysis-UASB-MBR process". Liu Hongli and others used the "iron micro-electrolysis-anaerobic (UASB)-aerobic (MBR)" process to treat antibiotic pharmaceutical wastewater. The effluent reaches the GB8978-96 secondary discharge standard. Dewatering the antibiotic wastewater by plate and frame, the antibiotic sludge obtained is usually used as waste and cannot be directly landfilled, and a large amount of antibiotics in it will cause serious damage to plants and soil. How to make the antibiotic mycelium-based sludge harmless and resourceful is an important research topic at present.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the current biopharmaceutical mycelium sludge contains a large amount of antibiotics, cannot be directly used as waste for landfill, and has damage to the surrounding environment soil and plants, and provides a biopharmaceutical mycelium sludge. A method for preparing multiple compound organic fertilizers from body sludge.

A method for preparing a multivariate compound organic fertilizer by using biopharmaceutical mycelium sludge, the steps are as follows:

1. Use microwave drying method to dry biopharmaceutical mycelium sludge. The microwave power is 150-350W, the vacuum degree is 1800-3000Pa, and the drying time is 3-7h to obtain dried mycelium sludge;

2. Mix the dried mycelium sludge, supplementary materials and compound fermentation agent evenly according to the volume ratio of 90:5:5 to obtain the fermentation material, and then send it to the solar greenhouse for fermentation. When the temperature of the fermentation material reaches 55°C ~65°C, mechanically turn the material once, after 7-10 days, the temperature of the fermentation material will drop below 30°C, discharge the material, and then send it to the aging workshop for aging;

3. After aging, dry at 80-90°C, add inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, biological potassium bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus bacteria and synergists after crushing, and then use the biogas slurry fermented by waste as a bond The agent is granulated into balls by using a granulator, that is, the preparation of multiple compound organic fertilizers is completed by applying biopharmaceutical mycelium sludge.

The invention adopts biopharmaceutical mycelium sludge as a raw material to prepare multiple compound organic fertilizers, which is a brand-new strategy for waste water treatment and resource utilization. The sludge mainly composed of mycelium in the present invention can realize the use of mycelium waste residue to produce organic fertilizers through pretreatment process and optimization of microbial agent and fermentation process while adding nutrient elements, which solves the problem of mycelium sludge in biopharmaceuticals. The soil and plants in the surrounding environment are damaged, and at the same time, turning waste into treasure has certain economic value and market prospects.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the physical picture of the multicomponent compound organic fertilizer prepared in the embodiment.

detailed description

The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed below, but also includes any combination of the specific embodiments.

Specific implementation mode one: the present implementation mode uses biopharmaceutical mycelium sludge to prepare multivariate compound organic fertilizer method, carries out according to the following steps:

1. Use microwave drying method to dry biopharmaceutical mycelium sludge. The microwave power is 150-350W, the vacuum degree is 1800-3000Pa, and the drying time is 3-7h to obtain dried mycelium sludge;

2. Mix the dried mycelium sludge, supplementary materials and compound fermentation agent evenly according to the volume ratio of 90:5:5 to obtain the fermentation material, and then send it to the solar greenhouse for fermentation. When the temperature of the fermentation material reaches 55°C ~65°C, mechanically turn the material once, after 7-10 days, the temperature of the fermentation material will drop below 30°C, discharge the material, and then send it to the aging workshop for aging;

3. After aging, dry at 80-90°C, add inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, biological potassium bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus bacteria and synergists after crushing, and then use the biogas slurry fermented by waste as a bond The agent is granulated into balls by using a granulator, that is, the preparation of multiple compound organic fertilizers is completed by applying biopharmaceutical mycelium sludge.

The initial moisture content of the biopharmaceutical mycelium sludge in step 1 of this embodiment is 80%-95%, and the moisture content drops to 50%-70% after drying for 3-7 hours.

In the first step of this embodiment, microwave drying is used to remove water, and more importantly, it has the function of crushing the secondary metabolites of the mycelium to reduce its toxicity to microorganisms.

The cellulolytic bacteria, organophosphorus decomposing bacteria and nitrifying bacteria in Step 2 of this embodiment are all commercially available products.

The biological potassium bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphorus bacteria in Step 3 of this embodiment are all commercially available products.

The waste fermentation in the third step of this embodiment is to use fresh livestock and poultry manure, agricultural waste, kitchen waste or food processing waste for conventional fermentation.

Embodiment 2: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that the power of the microwave in step 1 is 300W, the degree of vacuum is 2500Pa, and the drying time is 5h. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 or 2 is that in step 2, when the temperature of the fermentation material reaches 55° C., the material is mechanically turned once, and the temperature of the fermentation material drops below 30° C. after 9 days. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2.

Embodiment 4: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 3 in that the pH value is controlled at 7-8 during the fermentation process in step 2. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in Embodiments 1 to 3.

In this embodiment, the pH value is an important condition for microbial fermentation. Different microorganisms and different fermentation methods have different pH requirements. Reasonable adjustment is beneficial to fermentation and reduces costs.

Embodiment 5: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 4 in that the auxiliary materials in step 2 are crushed straw and livestock and poultry manure, and the C/N ratio is 24:1. Other steps and parameters are the same as in one of the specific embodiments 1 to 4.

Specific embodiment six: The difference between this embodiment and one of specific embodiments one to five is that the compound fermentation bacterial agent in step 2 is the bacterial liquid or dry powder of cellulolytic bacteria, the bacterial liquid or dry powder of organophosphorus decomposing bacteria, and the bacterial liquid of nitrifying bacteria. Bacterial liquid or dry powder; the volume ratio of the three is 1:1:1; the OD value of the bacterial liquid is 10 ⁶ cells/ml. Other steps and parameters are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 5.

Embodiment 7: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 6 in that the temperature of curing in step 2 is 110-150° C. and the time is 12-24 hours. Other steps and parameters are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 6.

Embodiment 8: The difference between this embodiment and one of Embodiments 1 to 7 is that in step 3, drying is performed at 85° C. after curing. Other steps and parameters are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 7.

Embodiment 9: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 8 in that the pulverization in step 3 is performed by mechanical turning. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in Embodiments 1 to 8.

In this embodiment, mechanical turning can also play the role of regulating temperature and oxygen supply.

Embodiment 10: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 9 is that the addition of inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus element, potassium element, biological potassium bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus bacteria and synergist in step 3 is based on actual application The physical and chemical properties of the local soil are adjusted. Other steps and parameters are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 9.

Embodiment 11: This embodiment is different from Embodiments 1 to 11 in that the synergist in step 3 is vitamin C. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in Embodiments 1 to 11.

Embodiment 12: This embodiment is different from Embodiments 1 to 11 in that the particle size of the granulated pellets in Step 3 is 3-5 mm. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in Embodiments 1 to 11.

Adopt the following examples to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention:

Example:

The method for preparing multivariate compound organic fertilizer by using biopharmaceutical mycelium sludge is carried out according to the following steps:

1. Use microwave drying method to dry biopharmaceutical mycelium sludge. The microwave power is 300W, the vacuum degree is 2500Pa, and the drying time is 5h to obtain dry mycelium sludge;

2. Mix the dried mycelium sludge, supplementary materials and compound fermentation agent evenly according to the volume ratio of 90:5:5 to obtain the fermentation material, and then send it to the solar greenhouse for fermentation. When the temperature of the fermentation material reaches 55°C , mechanically turn the material once, after 10 days, the temperature of the fermentation material drops below 30°C, the material is discharged, and then sent to the aging workshop for aging;

3. After aging, dry at 85°C, add inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium elements, biological potassium bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus bacteria and synergists after crushing, and then use the biogas slurry fermented by waste as a binder. The granulator is used to granulate into balls, that is, to complete the preparation of multiple compound organic fertilizers by applying biopharmaceutical mycelium sludge.

The initial moisture content of the biopharmaceutical mycelium sludge in step 1 of this embodiment is 80% to 95%, and the moisture content drops to 55% after drying for 5 hours.

The auxiliary materials in step 2 of this example are crushed wheat straw and livestock and poultry manure, and the C/N ratio is 24:1. In step 2, the compound fermentation bacterial agent is bacterial liquid or dry powder of cellulolytic bacteria, bacterial liquid or dry powder of organophosphorus decomposing bacteria, bacterial liquid or dry powder of nitrifying bacteria; the volume ratio of the three is 1:1:1; the bacterial liquid The OD values were all 10 ⁶ cells/ml. In the second step, the cellulolytic bacteria, organophosphorus decomposing bacteria and nitrifying bacteria are all commercially available products. In step 3, the biological potassium bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphorus bacteria are all commercially available products. The pH value is controlled at 7 during the fermentation process in step 2. The aging temperature in step 2 is 130° C. and the time is 18 hours. In the third step, the addition of inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus element, potassium element, biological potassium bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus bacteria and synergist is adjusted according to the physical and chemical properties of the local soil in practical applications. The synergist in step 3 is vitamin C. The particle diameter of granulation in step 3 is 4mm.

The obtained multivariate compound organic fertilizer prepared in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, has uniform particles; after testing, the gained multivariate compound organic fertilizer is rich in nutrients, which is more than 10% higher than that of a single application of chemical fertilizer; it can reduce the pollution of the agricultural environment, It is more suitable for the production of pollution-free green food.

Claims (10)

1. applying biological pharmacy mycelium mud prepares a multiple elements design organic fertilizer method, it is characterized in that it carries out according to the following steps:

One, adopt micro-wave drying method to carry out drying to bio-pharmaceuticals mycelium mud, the power of microwave is 150 ~ 350W, and vacuum tightness is 1800 ~ 3000Pa, and time of drying is 3 ~ 7h, obtains dry mycelium mud;

Two, the mycelium mud of drying, interpolation auxiliary material and complex ferment microbial inoculum are puddled evenly by 90:5:5 by volume, obtain fermentation materials, then send into day-light greenhouse to ferment, when fermentation materials temperature reaches 55 DEG C ~ 65 DEG C, machinery stirring once, within 7 ~ 10 days, secondary fermentation temperature of charge is down to less than 30 DEG C, discharging, then sends into slaking workshop and carry out slaking;

Three, dry at 80 ~ 90 DEG C after slaking; inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element, biological clamps bacterium, vinelandii, phosphorus bacteria and synergistic agent is added after pulverizing; then with waste fermentation natural pond liquid for binding agent; adopt tablets press to carry out granulation balling-up, namely complete applying biological pharmacy mycelium mud and prepare multiple elements design organic fertilizer.

2. a kind of applying biological pharmacy mycelium mud according to claim 1 prepares multiple elements design organic fertilizer method, and it is characterized in that the power of microwave in step one is 300W, vacuum tightness is 2500Pa, and time of drying is 5h.

3. a kind of applying biological pharmacy mycelium mud according to claim 1 prepares multiple elements design organic fertilizer method, it is characterized in that when fermentation materials temperature reaches 55 DEG C in step 2, and once, within 9 days, secondary fermentation temperature of charge is down to less than 30 DEG C to mechanical stirring.

4. a kind of applying biological pharmacy mycelium mud according to claim 1 prepares multiple elements design organic fertilizer method, it is characterized in that in step 2, in fermenting process, pH value controls 7 ~ 8.

5. a kind of applying biological pharmacy mycelium mud according to claim 1 prepares multiple elements design organic fertilizer method, and it is characterized in that in step 2, auxiliary material is the stalk and feces of livestock and poultry pulverized, C/N is than being 24:1.

6. a kind of applying biological pharmacy mycelium mud according to claim 1 prepares multiple elements design organic fertilizer method, it is characterized in that complex ferment microbial inoculum in step 2 is the bacterium liquid of cellulose-decomposing bacteria or dry powder, the bacterium liquid of organophosphorus decomposer or dry powder, the bacterium liquid of nitrifier or dry powder; The volume ratio of three is 1:1:1; The OD value of bacterium liquid is 10 ⁶individual/ml.

7. a kind of applying biological pharmacy mycelium mud according to claim 1 prepares multiple elements design organic fertilizer method, and it is characterized in that the temperature of slaking in step 2 is 110 ~ 150 DEG C, the time is 12 ~ 24h.

8. a kind of applying biological pharmacy mycelium mud according to claim 1 prepares multiple elements design organic fertilizer method, it is characterized in that pulverizing in step 3 adopting mechanical stirring to pulverize.

9. a kind of applying biological pharmacy mycelium mud according to claim 1 prepares multiple elements design organic fertilizer method, it is characterized in that in step 3, synergistic agent is vitamins C.

10. a kind of applying biological pharmacy mycelium mud according to claim 1 prepares multiple elements design organic fertilizer method, it is characterized in that the particle diameter of granulation balling-up in step 3 is 3 ~ 5mm.